CN110107384B - Energy recycling system based on low-speed machine exhaust energy stage separation output - Google Patents
Energy recycling system based on low-speed machine exhaust energy stage separation output Download PDFInfo
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- CN110107384B CN110107384B CN201910393546.0A CN201910393546A CN110107384B CN 110107384 B CN110107384 B CN 110107384B CN 201910393546 A CN201910393546 A CN 201910393546A CN 110107384 B CN110107384 B CN 110107384B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
- F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/09—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
- F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide an energy recycling system based on low-speed engine exhaust energy graded separation output, which comprises cylinders, a high-temperature exhaust main pipe, a low-temperature exhaust main pipe, a high-temperature waste heat utilization system and a low-temperature waste heat utilization system, wherein an exhaust graded separation valve is arranged behind an exhaust valve of each cylinder, each exhaust graded separation valve is connected with a high-temperature exhaust manifold and a low-temperature exhaust manifold of the corresponding cylinder, all the high-temperature exhaust manifolds are communicated with the high-temperature exhaust main pipe, all the low-temperature exhaust manifolds are communicated with the low-temperature exhaust main pipe, an outlet of the high-temperature exhaust main pipe is connected with an inlet of a turbine of a supercharger, an outlet of the turbine of the supercharger is connected with the high-temperature waste heat utilization system, an outlet of the low-temperature exhaust main pipe is respectively connected with an. The invention solves the contradiction of different waste heat recovery and utilization loads to different exhaust temperature requirements, and can improve the waste gas energy recovery and utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a diesel engine, in particular to a diesel engine energy recycling system.
Background
With the increasing importance of environmental protection, various large environmental protection organizations in the world have successively issued relevant emission regulations, and urge various industries to save energy and reduce emission, particularly for the ship industry. At present, two technical approaches can realize the reduction of emission, namely optimizing the ship shape to reduce the resistance and improving the efficiency of a power system. Therefore, the energy of the power system is reasonably utilized, the waste heat is efficiently recovered, the equivalent consumption of ship fuel is reduced to reduce the carbon emission, and the method has great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction in the ship industry and the shipping industry in China. The thermal efficiency of the diesel engine, which is used as the main power of the ship, is close to 50%, but 50% of energy is still carried away by exhaust gas and cooling medium. If the waste heat can be fully utilized, the heat efficiency of the main engine can be obviously improved. The waste heat utilization system can improve the energy utilization efficiency of the whole power device from 49.3% to 54.8%, so that the research and design of the high-efficiency main engine waste heat utilization system is one of the main means for improving the efficiency of the ship power system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy recycling system based on low-speed engine exhaust energy classification and separation output, which can output energy with different qualities.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to an energy recycling system based on low-speed machine exhaust energy stage separation output, which is characterized in that: the exhaust system comprises cylinders, a high-temperature exhaust main pipe, a low-temperature exhaust main pipe, a high-temperature waste heat utilization system and a low-temperature waste heat utilization system, wherein an exhaust grading separation valve is mounted behind an exhaust valve of each cylinder, each exhaust grading separation valve is connected with a high-temperature exhaust manifold and a low-temperature exhaust manifold of the corresponding cylinder, all the high-temperature exhaust manifolds are communicated with the high-temperature exhaust main pipe, all the low-temperature exhaust manifolds are communicated with the low-temperature exhaust main pipe, an outlet of the high-temperature exhaust main pipe is connected with an inlet of a turbocharger turbine, an outlet of the turbocharger turbine is connected with the high-temperature waste heat utilization system, an outlet of the low-temperature exhaust main pipe is respectively connected with an.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. the high-temperature waste heat utilization system comprises a high-temperature waste heat boiler, a steam turbine, a first generator, a first condenser and a first backflow pump, a boiler working medium of the high-temperature waste heat boiler flows back to the high-temperature waste heat boiler through the steam turbine, the first condenser and the first backflow pump in sequence, the steam turbine is connected with the first generator, an outlet of a supercharger turbine is communicated with an exhaust inlet of the high-temperature waste heat boiler, and is communicated with a low-temperature exhaust outlet pipe through an exhaust outlet of the high-temperature waste heat boiler.
2. The low-temperature waste heat utilization system comprises a low-temperature waste heat exchanger, a power turbine, a second generator, a second condenser and a second reflux pump, working media of the heat exchanger of the low-temperature waste heat exchanger sequentially flow through the power turbine, the second condenser and the second reflux pump and flow back to the low-temperature waste heat exchanger, the power turbine is connected with the second generator, and a low-temperature exhaust outlet pipe is communicated with an exhaust inlet of the low-temperature waste heat exchanger and is communicated with the atmosphere through an exhaust outlet of the low-temperature waste heat exchanger.
3. The exhaust gas grading and separating electronic control unit is connected with and controls the exhaust gas grading and separating valve to guide the exhaust gas to enter the high-temperature exhaust manifold or the low-temperature exhaust manifold at a preset gas valve phase.
4. The rear part of the exhaust gas recirculation control valve is connected with an air inlet of a compressor of the supercharger, and the exhaust gas recirculation electric control unit is connected with and controls the opening and closing of the exhaust gas recirculation control valve.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the low-speed machine exhaust energy recycling system designed by the invention can realize the classification separation of exhaust energy, and exhaust is divided into high-temperature high-pressure exhaust and low-temperature low-pressure exhaust with different grades.
2. The exhaust energy grading and separating utilization system designed by the invention can supply high-temperature exhaust to devices such as a turbocharger, a steam turbine and the like which need high-grade heat sources, and can improve the power of a turbine and the power generation efficiency of the steam turbine.
3. The exhaust energy grading separation and utilization system designed by the invention can recycle the exhaust gas to be intercooled without using a cooler due to the output low-temperature exhaust, particularly can omit devices such as exhaust gas washing, filtering and the like under the condition of applying a low-sulfur oil or gas fuel engine, simplifies the system structure, improves the system efficiency and reduces the operation cost.
4. According to the invention, the organic Rankine cycle is used as a low-temperature waste heat utilization system at the tail end of the energy recovery utilization system, so that low-grade waste gas energy can be fully utilized, and the maximization of energy utilization is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1, the low-speed engine exhaust energy stage separation recycling system according to the present invention mainly includes: the system comprises an exhaust gas grading and separating valve 2, a low-temperature exhaust gas collecting box 1, a high-temperature exhaust gas collecting box 5, a low-temperature exhaust manifold 3, a high-temperature exhaust manifold 6, a low-temperature exhaust manifold 7, a high-temperature exhaust manifold 8, an exhaust gas grading and separating electric control unit 4, an exhaust gas recirculation control valve 9, an exhaust gas recirculation electric control unit 10, a supercharger compressor 11, a supercharger turbine 12, a high-temperature waste heat utilization system 23 and a low-temperature waste heat utilization system 24.
The exhaust gas grading and separating valve 2 designed by the invention is positioned behind an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine and is controlled by an exhaust gas grading and separating electric control unit 4. The flow direction of the waste gas can be changed at a specific exhaust valve phase, and the waste gas is guided to flow into the low-temperature exhaust gas collecting box 1 or the high-temperature exhaust gas collecting box 5. The exhaust gas fractionation valve 2, the low-temperature exhaust gas collection box 1 and the high-temperature exhaust gas collection box 5 constitute a primary exhaust gas fractionation system, and each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is provided with one set of the primary exhaust gas fractionation system. Each low-temperature exhaust gas collection box is respectively connected with a low-temperature exhaust manifold 7 through a low-temperature exhaust manifold; in a similar way, each high-temperature exhaust gas collecting box is connected with a high-temperature exhaust main pipe 8 through a high-temperature exhaust manifold. The exhaust gas grading and separating output system comprises an exhaust gas grading and separating valve, a high-low temperature exhaust gas collecting box, an exhaust manifold, an exhaust main pipe and an exhaust gas grading and separating valve electric control unit.
The high-temperature exhaust manifold 8 is connected to a supercharger turbine 12 for driving an exhaust turbine. The turbine outlet of the supercharger is connected with the high-temperature waste heat utilization system 23, which mainly comprises: a high-temperature waste heat boiler 13, a steam turbine 14, a generator 15, a condenser 16 and a reflux pump 17. The outlet of the high-temperature waste heat utilization system is connected with the low-temperature exhaust manifold 7 through a bypass pipeline and then is connected with a low-temperature waste heat utilization system 24, and the system is provided with a low-temperature waste heat exchanger 22, a power turbine 19, a generator 18, a condenser 20 and a return pump 21. One end of an exhaust gas recirculation control valve 9 is connected with the low-temperature exhaust manifold 7, and the other end is connected with an inlet of a booster compressor 11.
According to the energy recycling system based on the low-speed machine exhaust energy stage separation output, after an exhaust valve of each cylinder is opened, an exhaust stage separation valve 2 guides exhaust gas to enter a high-temperature or low-temperature exhaust gas collection box according to a preset gas valve phase under the control of an exhaust stage separation electric control unit 4, the temperature and the pressure are higher in the initial stage of exhaust, and at the moment, the exhaust gas enters a high-temperature exhaust gas collection box 5 through the exhaust stage separation valve 2; in the latter half of the exhaust process, the exhaust temperature and pressure of the exhaust valve are low, and the exhaust gas enters the low-temperature exhaust gas collection box 1 through the exhaust grading separation valve 2.
High-temperature exhaust enters the supercharger turbine 12 through the high-temperature exhaust manifold 8, the supercharger turbine 12 is pushed to rotate at a high speed, the supercharger compressor 11 is driven to compress air, and the gas pressure is improved. The pressurized gas enters each cylinder through an intake manifold under the control of an intake valve of each cylinder. High-temperature exhaust gas generated based on energy grading separation output has higher energy density than exhaust gas transmitted to a low-speed machine, and can provide more power for a supercharger, so that higher supercharging pressure is realized, and the efficiency of the low-speed machine is indirectly improved.
The waste gas at the outlet of the supercharger turbine 12 enters the high-temperature waste heat utilization system 23 through the waste gas pipeline, the high-temperature waste gas exchanges heat with the boiler working medium at the high-temperature waste heat boiler 13 and vaporizes the working medium into high-temperature steam, the high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine 14 through the steam pipeline to push the steam turbine to rotate and drive the generator 15 to generate electricity, the working medium at the outlet of the steam turbine 14 is cooled and completely liquefied through the condenser 16 and then returns to the high-temperature waste heat boiler 13 again under the conveying of the reflux pump 17. The high-grade waste gas can further improve the efficiency of the high-temperature waste heat utilization system.
The exhaust energy fractionation output system designed by the invention provides low-temperature exhaust temperature which is far lower than that of the traditional exhaust mode, therefore, an exhaust gas recirculation system can cool exhaust gas without using an intercooler, particularly a power system of a low-sulfur oil or gas engine, and the exhaust gas recirculation can be realized by using low-temperature exhaust gas through an exhaust gas recirculation control valve. The exhaust gas recirculation control valve is a controlled bypass valve, and the exhaust gas recirculation rate of the low-speed engine can be adjusted under the control of the exhaust gas recirculation electronic control unit 10, so that part of the exhaust gas is re-pressurized and returned to the cylinder, but most of the low-temperature exhaust gas can be directly mixed with the outlet exhaust gas of the high-temperature waste heat utilization system to form new low-temperature exhaust gas.
Because the exhaust gas parameters at the outlet of the high-temperature waste heat utilization system are close to those of the low-temperature exhaust gas, the direct mixing can not reduce the quality of the low-temperature exhaust gas, but can improve the mass flow of the low-temperature exhaust gas. The low-temperature waste gas finally enters the low-temperature waste heat utilization system 24, the biggest difference between the low-temperature waste heat utilization system and the high-temperature waste heat utilization system is that working media are different, organic Rankine cycle using organic matters as the working media can utilize low-grade low-temperature exhaust gas as a heat source, and therefore the overall energy utilization rate of the system is improved.
Claims (3)
1. An energy recycling system based on low-speed machine exhaust energy stage separation output is characterized in that: the exhaust system comprises cylinders, a high-temperature exhaust main pipe, a low-temperature exhaust main pipe, a high-temperature waste heat utilization system and a low-temperature waste heat utilization system, wherein an exhaust grading separation valve is mounted behind an exhaust valve of each cylinder, each exhaust grading separation valve is connected with a high-temperature exhaust manifold and a low-temperature exhaust manifold of the corresponding cylinder, all the high-temperature exhaust manifolds are communicated with the high-temperature exhaust main pipe, all the low-temperature exhaust manifolds are communicated with the low-temperature exhaust main pipe, an outlet of the high-temperature exhaust main pipe is connected with an inlet of a turbocharger turbine, an outlet of the turbocharger turbine is connected with the high-temperature waste heat utilization system, an outlet of the low-temperature exhaust main pipe is respectively connected with an;
the high-temperature waste heat utilization system comprises a high-temperature waste heat boiler, a steam turbine, a first generator, a first condenser and a first backflow pump, wherein a boiler working medium of the high-temperature waste heat boiler flows back to the high-temperature waste heat boiler through the steam turbine, the first condenser and the first backflow pump in sequence;
the low-temperature waste heat utilization system comprises a low-temperature waste heat exchanger, a power turbine, a second generator, a second condenser and a second reflux pump, working media of the heat exchanger of the low-temperature waste heat exchanger sequentially flow through the power turbine, the second condenser and the second reflux pump and flow back to the low-temperature waste heat exchanger, the power turbine is connected with the second generator, and a low-temperature exhaust outlet pipe is communicated with an exhaust inlet of the low-temperature waste heat exchanger and is communicated with the atmosphere through an exhaust outlet of the low-temperature waste heat exchanger.
2. The energy recovery and utilization system based on low-speed engine exhaust energy classification output according to claim 1, characterized in that: the exhaust gas grading and separating electronic control unit is connected with and controls the exhaust gas grading and separating valve to guide the exhaust gas to enter the high-temperature exhaust manifold or the low-temperature exhaust manifold at a preset gas valve phase.
3. The energy recovery and utilization system based on low-speed engine exhaust energy classification output according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the rear part of the exhaust gas recirculation control valve is connected with an air inlet of a compressor of the supercharger, and the exhaust gas recirculation electric control unit is connected with and controls the opening and closing of the exhaust gas recirculation control valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910393546.0A CN110107384B (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Energy recycling system based on low-speed machine exhaust energy stage separation output |
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| CN201910393546.0A CN110107384B (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Energy recycling system based on low-speed machine exhaust energy stage separation output |
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| CN110107384A CN110107384A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
| CN110107384B true CN110107384B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112377280B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2023-05-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Exhaust energy cascade utilization system of supercharged engine and utilization method thereof |
| CN114000926A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Exhaust and shunt two-stage waste heat utilization system of low-speed diesel engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004011512A (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2004-01-15 | Sango Co Ltd | Waste heat recovering device |
| CN101459397A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-06-17 | 大连海事大学 | Residue heat temperature difference electricity conversion power generation system for internal combustion engine |
| CN203098005U (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-07-31 | 天津大学 | Divided-flow type combustor engine exhaust waste heat recovery system |
| CN203906054U (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-10-29 | 浙江交通职业技术学院 | Device using waste heat and pressure to generate electricity in tail gas of vehicle engine |
| CN107503832A (en) * | 2017-09-16 | 2017-12-22 | 郑州大学 | A kind of integrated thermal management system based on residual heat of tail gas of automobile cascade utilization |
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