CN110106835B - Analysis method for temperature control and crack prevention influence of narrow V-shaped valley on concrete at steep slope dam section - Google Patents
Analysis method for temperature control and crack prevention influence of narrow V-shaped valley on concrete at steep slope dam section Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an analysis method for temperature control and crack prevention influence of a narrow V-shaped valley on concrete at a steep slope dam section, which relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering and comprises the following steps of: establishing a three-dimensional calculation model containing a foundation and a dam structure, forming calculation conditions, obtaining the temperature and stress distribution rule of dam concrete under a narrow V-shaped valley, analyzing the temperature and stress of dam body concrete under different valley forms, and obtaining the influence and influence range of the valley form on the maximum stress of the dam body concrete. The analysis method provides a safe and scientific systematic analysis method for damming in narrow V-shaped river valleys.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an analysis method for temperature control and crack prevention influence of narrow V-shaped valleys on concrete at a steep slope dam section.
Background
The narrow V-shaped river valley has the characteristic of steep side slopes on both sides, when concrete is poured on the steep side slopes, because the concrete is restrained by bed rocks of the steep side slopes, larger temperature stress is generated, the temperature stress on the pouring blocks is closely related to crack prevention, and because no proper analysis method is provided for controlling the temperature of the concrete at the steep slope dam section and preventing cracks, a systematic and scientific analysis method is provided.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an analysis method for temperature control and crack prevention influence of narrow V-shaped valleys on concrete at a steep slope dam section. The analysis method provides a calculation domain structure and a temperature and stress calculation formula in the calculation process, and can analyze the influence range and the influence magnitude of the narrow V-shaped valley on the built dam by establishing a corresponding calculation model to obtain the constraint degree and the constraint range of the narrow V-shaped valley on the dam, further analyze the cracking risk of dam concrete with different narrow V-shaped valley properties, and provide important technical reference for temperature control measures and standards of the narrow V-shaped valley.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a method for analyzing the temperature control and crack prevention influence of a narrow V-shaped valley on concrete at a steep slope dam section comprises the following steps in sequence: establishing a three-dimensional calculation model containing a foundation and a dam structure, forming calculation conditions, obtaining the temperature and stress distribution rule of dam concrete under a narrow V-shaped valley, analyzing the temperature and stress of dam body concrete under different valley forms, and obtaining the influence and influence range of the valley form on the maximum stress of the dam body concrete.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a three-dimensional calculation model including the foundation and the dam structure is established according to the actual characteristics of the narrow V-shaped river valley; the actual characteristics of the narrow V-shaped river valley include that the cross section of the river valley is V-shaped, and the inclination angle and the gradient of the side slopes on two sides of the V-shaped river valley.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the three-dimensional computation model is established, at least two comparison models are simultaneously established.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned forming calculation conditions include setting material partitions and casting layers of the structure on the three-dimensional calculation model, and setting casting time, casting temperature and water pipe spacing of each layer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining of the temperature and stress distribution law of the dam concrete under the narrow V-shaped valley includes the following steps: according to the three-dimensional calculation model and the calculation conditions, the structural division and the calculation process division of the calculation domain are adopted, and the temperature field and the stress field are calculated for the three-dimensional model by combining the temperature field and the stress field calculation formula, so that the temperature and stress time distribution rule and the space distribution rule of the dam concrete under the narrow V-shaped valley are finally obtained.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculating of the temperature field and the stress field includes performing a superposition calculation of a temperature stress σ 1 caused by a difference between the casting temperature and the stable temperature and a temperature stress σ 2 caused by the hydration heat temperature, wherein the temperature stress σ 1 is obtained by a constraint coefficient method, and is obtained by the following formula (1), and the temperature stress σ 2 is obtained by the following formula (2):
in the formula, KpThe stress relaxation coefficient caused by concrete creep, in the absence of experimental data, may be 0.5;
r-basic constraint coefficient, when the concrete is in elastic form EcAnd bed rock elastic modulus ERWhen the values are close, R can be taken as 0-0.6, and when the concrete is ejected from the die EcAnd bed rock elastic modulus ERWhen the values are not equal, the R at the base building surface can be taken as the value of 0.3-0.7 in the table;
Ec-concrete modulus of elasticity, MPa;
mu-Poisson's ratio of concrete;
α -coefficient of linear expansion of concrete, 1/deg.C;
Tp-concrete casting temperature, deg.c;
Tf-dam body stable temperature, deg.C;
t (y) -temperature value at stress calculation point y, ° C;
Ay(xi) -adding a pair of single loads P (1) at the position where y (xi) is equal to xi, and taking a value of 0-2 for a positive stress influence coefficient generated by a calculation point y;
t (ξ) -temperature at y ═ ξ, ° c;
Δ y — increment of coordinate y, m;
l-the long side dimension of the pouring block, m.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the formula for calculating the superposition of the temperature stress σ 1 and the temperature stress σ 2 is obtained by the following formula (3):
σ＝σ1+σ2 (3)。
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analyzing the temperature and stress of the concrete of the dam body under different valley forms includes analyzing the temperature and stress distribution rules of the concrete of the dam under the narrow V-shaped valley, analyzing a typical profile temperature and stress envelope diagram, and analyzing the temperature and stress development process curves of the characteristic points of the characteristic portions.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises analyzing the influence size and the influence range of the valley form on the maximum stress of the dam concrete to obtain the cracking risk of the dam concrete with different narrow V-shaped valley properties, and establishing the temperature control measures and standards of the narrow V-shaped valleys according to the cracking risk of the dam concrete.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an analysis method for temperature control and crack prevention influence of narrow V-shaped valleys on concrete at a steep slope dam section. The analysis method provides a safe and scientific systematic analysis method for damming in narrow V-shaped river valleys. The invention provides a calculation domain structure and a temperature and stress calculation formula in a calculation process, and can analyze the influence range and the influence magnitude of the narrow V-shaped river valley on the built dam by establishing a corresponding calculation model to obtain the restriction degree and the restriction range of the narrow V-shaped river valley on the dam, further analyze the cracking risk of dam concrete with different narrow V-shaped river valley properties, and provide important technical reference for temperature control measures and standards of the narrow V-shaped river valley.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a comparison graph of three calculation models of a steep slope structure (a), model 1, steep, (b), model 2, general, (c), model 3, gentle);
FIG. 2 is a grid diagram of a computational model of three steep slope structures ((a) model 1, steep, (b) model 2, general, (c) model 3, gentle);
FIG. 3 is a pouring layering diagram of three steep slope structures (a), model 1, steep, (b), model 2, general, and (c), model 3, gentle);
FIG. 4 is a cross-river stress envelope diagram of the downstream surface of three steep slope dam section structures (unit: 0.01MPa, (a) model 1, steep, (b) model 2, general, (c) model 3, gentle);
FIG. 5 is a river-wise stress envelope diagram of the middle section of three steep slope dam section structures (unit: 0.01MPa, (a) model 1, steep, (b) model 2, general, (c) model 3, gentle);
FIG. 6 is a first principal stress envelope diagram of a middle section of three steep slope dam section structures (unit: 0.01MPa, (a) model 1, steep, (b) model 2, general, (c) model 3, gentle);
FIG. 7 is a plot of a typical point first principal stress process line (elevation 228.0 m).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The analysis method for the temperature control anti-cracking influence of the narrow V-shaped valley on the concrete of the steep-slope dam section specifically comprises the following steps of:
(1) building three-dimensional calculation model containing foundation and dam structure
The narrow V-shaped valley is selected as a research and analysis object, three steep slope structure types are selected for research in the embodiment, and a comparison graph of a steep slope structure calculation model of a, b and c and a grid graph of a steep slope structure calculation model of three types are respectively established with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2. Wherein a is model 1, steep type; b is model 2, general type; and c is model 3, flat. In the embodiment, a model is established according to the inclination angle of the side slopes on the two sides of the V-shaped valley, and two comparison models, namely b and c, are established simultaneously, and the comparison models are different from the valley form of the actual structure to a certain extent, so that the comparison models are arranged to facilitate the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of different calculation models, and the optimal calculation model is obtained. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the comparison model may be any two combinations of a, b, and c.
(2) Forming calculation conditions
In the embodiment, in order to better compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different structural forms of the steep slope dam section, the three structural models a, b and c all adopt the same calculation working conditions. The casting layer thickness was set to 3m, and the casting schedule was as shown in table 1. 1-9 bins in strong restriction region, water pipe interval of 1.5m × 1.5m, 10-32 bins in other region, water pipe interval of 2.0m × 2.0m, water temperature of first-stage water cooling of 13 deg.C, cooling time of 20d, and flow rate of 1.5m3And/h, laying a foundation for analyzing the influence of the narrow V-shaped river valley on the dam. The pouring layer diagram of the three structural models a, b and c calculation model is shown in figure 3. In addition, in other embodiments, the calculation conditions such as the casting layer thickness, the water pipe spacing of the strong constraint area, the cooling water temperature, the cooling time and the flow rate can be set according to actual conditions.
TABLE 1 pour Schedule
(3) Obtaining the temperature and stress distribution rule of dam concrete under the narrow V-shaped valley
According to the three-dimensional calculation model in the step (1) and the calculation conditions in the step (2), structural division of a calculation domain and division of a calculation process are adopted, a temperature field and a stress field calculation formula are combined, the temperature field and the stress field are calculated for the three-dimensional model, and finally, the temperature and stress time distribution rule and the space distribution rule of dam concrete under the narrow V-shaped valley are obtained.
The calculation of the temperature field and the stress field comprises the superposition calculation of the temperature stress sigma 1 caused by the difference between the casting temperature and the stable temperature and the temperature stress sigma 2 caused by the hydration heat temperature, wherein the temperature stress sigma 1 is obtained by a constraint coefficient method according to the following formula (1), and the temperature stress sigma 2 is obtained by the following formula (2):
in the formula, KpThe stress relaxation coefficient caused by concrete creep, in the absence of test data, generally amounts to 0.5. For the strong confinement region (0-0.2L times the dam height range, L being the width of the bottommost portion of the dam), the value in this example is 0.45; taking 0.55 in a weak constraint area (0.2L-0.4L times of the dam height); the value of the free zone (more than 0.4L times of the dam height) is 0.6.
R-basic constraint coefficient, when the concrete is in elastic form EcAnd bed rock elastic modulus ERWhen the ratio is between 0.8 and 1.25, R can be selected from 0 to 0.6, when mixedConcrete elastic die EcAnd bed rock elastic modulus ERWhen the ratio is out of 0.8-1.25, the R value at the base surface can be 0.6-0.7; in this example, R is 0.5
Ec-concrete modulus of elasticity, MPa;
mu-Poisson's ratio of concrete;
α -coefficient of linear expansion of concrete, 1/deg.C;
Tp-concrete casting temperature, deg.c;
Tf-dam body stable temperature, deg.C;
t (y) -temperature value at stress calculation point y, ° C;
Ay(xi) — a pair of single loads P ═ 1 is added at y ═ xi, and 0-2 values are taken for the positive stress influence coefficient generated at the calculation point y, which is taken as 1.0 in this embodiment;
t (ξ) -temperature at y ═ ξ, ° c;
Δ y — increment of coordinate y, m;
l-the long side dimension of the pouring block, m.
In this embodiment, the temperature stress of the basic block is assumed to be the problem of the single-domain linear elastic stress, and the temperature stress σ 1 caused by the difference between the casting temperature and the stable temperature and the temperature stress σ 2 caused by the hydration heat temperature are calculated and then superimposed. The formula for calculating the temperature stress σ 1 and the temperature stress σ 2 by superposition is obtained by the following formula (3):
σ＝σ1+σ2 (3)。
the calculation results are shown in fig. 4-7, and fig. 4 is a cross-river stress envelope diagram of the downstream surface of three steep slope dam section structures. Fig. 5 is a river-wise stress envelope diagram of three steep slope dam section structures. Fig. 6 is a first principal stress envelope diagram of three abrupt slope dam section structures. FIG. 7 is a stress process line at a typical point at an elevation of 228.0 m. The statistical table of the maximum stress of the three steep slope dam section structures is shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 stress statistics table (MPa) for three types of abrupt slope structures
(4) Analyzing the temperature and stress of dam concrete under different valley forms
As can be seen from fig. 4-7 and table 2:
maximum first principal stress sigma in concrete in three abrupt slope dam section structural forms1In order from large to small, model 1: 2.05MPa, model 2: 1.87MP, model 3: 1.24 MPa. Therefore, the larger the relative height difference delta h of the steep slope range of the narrow V-shaped river valley is, the larger the first main stress and the stress along the river can be increased, and the dam concrete temperature control and crack prevention are not favorable.
According to the calculation result, the larger the steep slope range of the narrow V-shaped river valley is, the larger the concrete internal stress is, and the larger the large stress range is, so that the safety coefficient is relatively reduced, and the cracking risk is improved.
This is because the larger the steep slope range of the V-shaped valley, the larger the restriction degree and the restriction range of the dam, and the larger the generated tensile stress. Therefore, temperature control measures and standards should be set more strictly.
(5) According to the temperature and the stress of the dam body concrete in different valley forms, the influence and the influence range of the valley form on the maximum stress of the dam body concrete are obtained, and a foundation is laid for temperature control anti-cracking measures of the concrete in the steep slope dam section.
The invention provides an analysis method for temperature control and crack prevention influence of narrow V-shaped valleys on concrete at a steep slope dam section. The analysis method provides a safe and scientific systematic analysis method for damming in narrow V-shaped river valleys. The invention provides a calculation domain structure and a temperature and stress calculation formula in a calculation process, and can analyze the influence range and the influence magnitude of the narrow V-shaped river valley on the built dam by establishing a corresponding calculation model to obtain the restriction degree and the restriction range of the narrow V-shaped river valley on the dam, further analyze the cracking risk of dam concrete with different narrow V-shaped river valley properties, and provide important technical reference for temperature control measures and standards of the narrow V-shaped river valley.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The analysis method for the temperature control and crack prevention influence of the narrow V-shaped valley on the concrete of the steep-slope dam section is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
establishing a three-dimensional calculation model comprising a foundation and a dam structure, forming calculation conditions, and obtaining the temperature and stress distribution rule of dam concrete under a narrow V-shaped valley;
analyzing the temperature and the stress of the dam body concrete in different valley forms to obtain the influence and the influence range of the valley forms on the maximum stress of the dam body concrete;
establishing the three-dimensional calculation model comprising a foundation and a dam structure according to the actual characteristics of the narrow V-shaped valley, and simultaneously establishing at least two comparison models; the actual characteristics of the narrow V-shaped river valley comprise that the cross section of the river valley is V-shaped, and the inclination angle and the gradient of the side slopes on two sides of the V-shaped river valley;
the forming calculation conditions comprise that material partitions and pouring layering of the structure are arranged on the three-dimensional calculation model, and pouring time, pouring temperature and water pipe spacing of each layer are set;
the method for obtaining the temperature and stress distribution rule of the dam concrete under the narrow V-shaped valley specifically comprises the following steps: according to the three-dimensional calculation model and the calculation conditions, the structure division and the calculation process division of a calculation domain are adopted, and a temperature field and a stress field calculation formula are combined to calculate a temperature field and a stress field of the three-dimensional model, so that the temperature and stress time distribution rule and the space distribution rule of dam concrete under the narrow V-shaped valley are obtained;
the calculation of the temperature field and the stress field comprises the superposition calculation of temperature stress sigma 1 caused by the difference between the casting temperature and the stable temperature and temperature stress sigma 2 caused by the hydration heat temperature, wherein the temperature stress sigma 1 is obtained by a constraint coefficient method according to the following formula (1), and the temperature stress sigma 2 is obtained by the following formula (2):
in the formula, Kp-stress relaxation coefficient due to concrete creep, taken in the absence of experimental data, 0.5;
r-basic constraint coefficient, when the concrete is in elastic form EcAnd bed rock elastic modulus ERWhen the values are close, R is taken as 0-0.6, and when the concrete is ejected from the mold EcAnd bed rock elastic modulus ERWhen the values are not equal, the value of R at the base building surface is 0.3-0.7;
Ec-concrete modulus of elasticity, MPa;
mu-Poisson's ratio of concrete;
α -coefficient of linear expansion of concrete, 1/deg.C;
Tp-concrete casting temperature, deg.c;
Tf-dam body stable temperature, deg.C;
t (y) -temperature value at stress calculation point y, ° C;
Ay(xi) -adding a pair of single loads P (1) at the position where y (xi) is equal to xi, and taking a value of 0-2 for a positive stress influence coefficient generated by a calculation point y;
t (ξ) -temperature at y ═ ξ, ° c;
Δ y — increment of coordinate y, m;
l-the long side size of the pouring block, m;
the formula for performing the superposition calculation of the temperature stress σ 1 and the temperature stress σ 2 is obtained by the following formula (3):
σ＝σ1+σ2 (3)；
the analysis of the temperature and the stress of the dam body concrete under different valley forms comprises the analysis of the temperature and stress distribution rule of the dam concrete under the narrow V-shaped valley, the analysis of a typical section temperature and stress envelope diagram and the analysis of a temperature and stress development process curve of characteristic points of characteristic parts.
2. The analysis method for the temperature control and crack prevention effects of the narrow V-shaped valley on the concrete of the steep slope dam section according to the claim 1 is characterized by further comprising analyzing the crack risks of the dam concrete with different properties of the narrow V-shaped valley according to the influence magnitude and the influence range of the valley form on the maximum stress of the concrete of the dam body, and establishing the temperature control measures and standards of the narrow V-shaped valley according to the crack risks of the dam concrete.
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