CN110104441A - The defeated grey stored program controlled of boiler dry ash handling system - Google Patents
The defeated grey stored program controlled of boiler dry ash handling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110104441A CN110104441A CN201910363142.7A CN201910363142A CN110104441A CN 110104441 A CN110104441 A CN 110104441A CN 201910363142 A CN201910363142 A CN 201910363142A CN 110104441 A CN110104441 A CN 110104441A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 195
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010891 Ptelea trifoliata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019892 Stellar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/66—Use of indicator or control devices, e.g. for controlling gas pressure, for controlling proportions of material and gas, for indicating or preventing jamming of material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of boiler dry ash handling system defeated grey stored program controlled, is made of PLC controller and upper microcomputer, graphic element, data allocation unit, data record unit, data alarm unit and Process flowchart unit are equipped in upper microcomputer；Wherein: graphic element includes the simulation figure of dry ash handling system structure and the display picture frame figure for planning display interface, is equipped with several back end in graphic element；Data record unit is for recording current and historical record；Data are assigned on corresponding back end by data allocation unit；Process flowchart unit sends control signal to PLC, and controls process by dry ash handling system Work Process Management；Warning picture is additionally provided on interface, when there are abnormal data, prompt is issued on warning picture, new stored program controlled can feed back to the information such as more operation datas of operator, operating status, more adequately and comprehensively to the monitoring of dry ash handling system, it improves work efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a program control technology of a dry ash removal system of a boiler, in particular to an ash conveying program control system of the dry ash removal system of the boiler.
Background
The current steep river power plant has 6 thermal power plants in total, and the total installed capacity of the unit is 1300 MKW. The #3 and #4 machine sets are 2 250MKW, the #5-8 machine sets are 4 200MKW, and all the machine sets are provided with electric bag dust collectors. The #3-4 furnace ash removal system is provided with a dry ash removal system, the equipment of the dry ash removal system is a Claedebergmann Huatong material conveying company, the program control of the dry ash removal equipment is also a Claede providing supporting control system, the control system controls the operation of the dry ash removal system of the boiler through an upper microcomputer to control a PCL controller, the operation interface of the system is a full English interface displayed on the upper microcomputer, and the defects that a worker is difficult to identify and inconvenient to operate exist. And the program control picture provided by the system is too simple, and the requirement of monitoring the operation state of the dry ash removal system, which is wanted by workers, cannot be met. For example, in a common power plant, more than two sets of ash removal systems are simultaneously arranged, and the system can only singly provide the running state of one ash removal system, so that other systems cannot monitor timely; for example, when an operation accident occurs in the dry ash removal system, the warning signal cannot be directly uploaded to the microcomputer, the program control system cannot directly give a warning on the operation interface, and the like, which causes much inconvenience to workers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the function of an ash conveying control system of the existing dry ash removal system is insufficient, sequential control solidification and unit working state reflection are not comprehensive, the requirements of workers cannot be met, and the like.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a new ash conveying program control system, which has the specific technical scheme that:
an ash conveying program control system of a dry ash removal system of a boiler is composed of a PLC controller based on a microprocessor and an upper microcomputer, wherein the PLC controller comprises an input module for acquiring an ash conveying operation signal of the dry ash removal system; the central controller is used for analyzing and processing the signals acquired by the input module; the PLC central controller is communicated with the upper microcomputer through the Ethernet; the input module of the PLC is connected with a current transformer, a pressure transmitter and a temperature sensor of an air compressor of the dry ash removal system; the material level meter is connected with a material level meter of the dry ash removal bin pump and the electric contact pressure gauge; all the high level indicators and the low level indicators of the ash bucket are connected; the device is connected with material level monitoring equipment, pressure difference monitoring equipment of an ash level bag-type dust remover and back-blowing air pressure equipment of the bag-type dust remover of the ash storehouse; the current transformer, the pressure transmitter and the temperature sensor are connected with a dust removal fan of a bag-type dust collector at the top of the ash warehouse, a gasification fan and a sorting system; the output module of the PLC is connected with a start-stop switch of an air compressor of the dry ash removal system; the inlet valve, the exhaust valve, the outlet valve, the blockage removing valve and the ash storage switching valve of the bin pump are connected; the dust collection fan is connected with a bag-type dust collector dust collection fan at the top of the ash warehouse, the gasification fan and a sorting system start-stop switch; the upper microcomputer is provided with a graphic unit, a data distribution unit, a data recording unit, a data alarm unit and a process control unit; wherein: the graphic unit comprises a simulation graph and a display picture frame graph of each ash conveying unit structure of the profiling dry ash removal system, and a plurality of data nodes are arranged in the graphic unit; the data distribution unit distributes the data acquired by the PLC input module to corresponding data nodes in the graphic unit; the data recording unit is used for recording the current record and storing the historical record; the process control unit is a part for sending a control signal to the PLC and managing and controlling the process according to the working process of the dry ash removal system; the graphic unit and the data distributed to the data nodes are displayed in the microcomputer through an interface, a warning picture is further arranged on the interface, and the data alarm unit gives out a prompt on the warning picture when the PLC judges that abnormal data exists.
The program control system is optimized to be a full Chinese interface, so that the auxiliary control operation staff can conveniently read the pictures of the pneumatic ash conveying system, the new program control system can feed back more operation data, operation states and other information to the operation staff, the monitoring on the dry ash removal system is more sufficient and comprehensive, the working efficiency is improved, and good guarantee is provided for the equipment health level of our factory.
Preferably, each ash conveying unit structure of each dry ash removal system is provided with a respective simulation graph.
Preferably, the bin pump, the air compressor, the ash bin sorting system, the gasification air system and the ash bin level meter are provided with local control boxes, and each local control box is provided with a corresponding manual/program control operation switching locking control unit in an upper microcomputer.
Preferably, the output end of the PLC and each valve of the bin pump are respectively and independently controlled, and the microcomputer is used for independently controlling the opening/closing of a certain valve or independently cutting off a certain valve.
In the invention, the alarm types of the triggering early-warning unit are as follows: a) tripping the air compressor; b) air compressor failure; c) the air compressor inlet filter is blocked; d) the outlet pressure of the air compressor is high; e) the pressure of the conveying pipeline is too high; f) the material level of the ash bucket is high; g) the outlet temperature of the air compressor is high; h) system anomalies or instrument control system failures; i) the pressure difference of the ash bin bag-type dust collector exceeds a fixed value; j) the ash positions of the coarse ash warehouse and the fine ash warehouse are higher than a fixed value; k) failure of the back purge device; l) the back purge air pressure of the bag-type dust remover of the coarse ash storehouse and the fine ash storehouse is lower than a fixed value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a dry ash removal system configuration;
FIG. 2 is a simulation picture of the structure of a furnace dry ash removal system set from #3 to # 4;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the #3 and #4 units displayed in a split screen manner;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the plc control architecture of the present programmable system;
fig. 5 is a control relationship block diagram of the program control system.
Detailed Description
The general structure of the pneumatic ash removal system unit is shown in the figure 1: the device comprises an ash conveying pipeline 1, a dust remover 2, a material level meter 3, a dry ash warehouse 4, an ash hopper 5, an ash pipeline 6, a feed valve 7, an air inlet valve 8, an electric contact pressure gauge 9, a bin pump 10, a discharge valve 11, a blowing-assisting valve 12, an electromagnetic valve 13 with a filter membrane, an air pipeline 14, an air compressor 15 and an ash storage tank 16. A dry ash storehouse 4, an ash bucket 5 and accessory equipment thereof are arranged below the dust remover 2, the ash bucket 5 is connected with a bin pump 10 through an ash pipeline 6, an electric contact pressure gauge 9 is arranged on the bin pump 10, an electric dust removal system is connected to the ash conveying pipeline 1 and communicated with the dust remover 2, the ash bucket 5 is connected with the bin pump 10, the bin pump 10 is connected with an ash storage tank 16 through the ash pipeline 6, and an air compressor 15 is connected to the position below a bin pump feeding valve 7 through an air pipeline 14. In the system, a bin pump 10 is a transmitter, and an air compressor (namely an air compressor 15) is used for conveying power for dry ash and is also used as a control air source. The fine ash powder enters a dry ash storage 4 after being filtered by a dust collector 2, the fly ash is conveyed to an ash storage tank 16 through a pipeline dry method, and the whole process is conveyed in a sealed pipeline mode.
An ash storage tank for storing coarse ash and fine ash is arranged at the ash conveying tail end of the dry ash removal system. Wherein, the ash of the first and second electric fields in the electric dust collector is coarse ash, and the ash of the third and fourth electric fields is fine ash. Under normal conditions, the fly ash in the three and four electric fields can only be sent into the fine ash storage tank, and the coarse ash in the first and second electric fields can only be sent into the coarse ash storage tank. When the fine ash storehouse breaks down, the fine ash can be sent to a coarse ash storage tank.
The basic ash conveying process includes that an electric three-way electric door below an ash bucket device can be controlled to adopt a dry ash removal treatment mode or a water ash removal treatment mode, a material level meter is arranged in a dry ash warehouse and used for monitoring the storage capacity of dry ash powder in the dry ash warehouse, when the dry ash powder in the ash bucket reaches different positions, the natural β rays emitted by the ash powder irradiate different intensities on a detector, the positions of the dry ash powder are judged according to the different intensities of the rays detected by the detector, the dry ash is discharged from the ash bucket, enters a bin pump through a feeding valve, is discharged from a discharging valve, and is finally discharged to an ash storage tank to be collected and reused.
Through to doing the meticulous research of dust removal system, combine the requirement that the operation used the department, research personnel have redesigned a set of #3 and #4 unit that is put into operation simultaneously to my factory and have done ash conveying programmed control scheme futilely, the effect that new control system will reach:
1. the microcomputer operation picture is made into a whole country, and the specific realization method is to abandon the whole disc of the original English control system. And a brand new Chinese control system interface is designed by operation process practice summary and equipment parameter analysis.
2. The new program control system integrates the ash conveying monitoring curve pictures of the two machine set dry ash removal systems into a microcomputer for display, and the monitoring pictures of the two machine sets can be displayed simultaneously in the monitoring pictures or can be switched to display the monitoring pictures of a single machine set.
3. And adding a fault prompt alarm interface above the upper microcomputer monitoring picture.
4. The ash conveying program control of each unit is divided into a manual operation mode and a program control operation mode, wherein the program control operation time can be set and adjusted according to the operation working conditions.
The invention provides an ash conveying program control system of a dry ash removal system of a boiler, which consists of a PLC controller based on a microprocessor and an upper microcomputer, wherein the PLC controller comprises an input module for acquiring an ash conveying operation signal of the dry ash removal system; the central controller is used for analyzing and processing the signals acquired by the input module; and the central controller of the PLC is communicated with the upper microcomputer through the Ethernet.
An input module of the PLC is connected with a current transformer, a pressure transmitter and a temperature sensor of an air compressor of the dry ash removal system; the material level meter is connected with a material level meter of the dry ash removal bin pump and the electric contact pressure gauge; all the high level indicators and the low level indicators of the ash bucket are connected; the device is connected with material level monitoring equipment, pressure difference monitoring equipment of an ash level bag-type dust remover and back-blowing air pressure equipment of the bag-type dust remover of the ash storehouse; and the current transformer, the pressure transmitter and the temperature sensor are connected with a dust removal fan of a bag-type dust collector at the top of the ash warehouse, a gasification fan and a sorting system.
The output module of the PLC is connected with a start-stop switch of an air compressor of the dry ash removal system; the inlet valve, the exhaust valve, the outlet valve, the blockage removing valve and the ash storage switching valve of the bin pump are connected; and the dust removal fan, the gasification fan and the sorting system start-stop switch are connected with a storehouse top bag-type dust remover dust removal fan of the ash storehouse.
The upper microcomputer is provided with a graphic unit, a data distribution unit, a data recording unit, a data alarm unit and a process control unit; wherein: the graphic unit comprises a simulation graph and a display picture frame graph of each ash conveying unit structure of the profiling dry ash removal system, and a plurality of data nodes are arranged in the graphic unit; the data distribution unit distributes the data acquired by the PLC input module to corresponding data nodes in the graphic unit; the data recording unit is used for recording the current record and storing the historical record; the process control unit is a part for sending a control signal to the PLC and managing and controlling the process according to the working process of the dry ash removal system; the graphic unit and the data distributed to the data nodes are displayed in the microcomputer through an interface, a warning picture is further arranged on the interface, and the data alarm unit gives out a prompt on the warning picture when the PLC judges that abnormal data exists.
The program control system provided by the invention has the following functions:
first, ash conveying system
(1) The ash conveying system program control meets the following requirements:
a. programming required by various sequences, including ash bucket repeated cycle ash discharge, etc.
b. The ash discharge management program is automatically started by a timer of the program control system, and the time can be modified in the program control system, so that the continuous ash discharge for multiple times is allowed.
c. The programmed system allows the hopper discharge sequence to be interrupted at any time and restarted at any point in the cycle.
d. The programmed system allows either hopper to be selected for discharge alone or to be bypassed.
e. In the program control system, each controlled object is independently operated through a keyboard and a mouse.
f. The ash conveying system program control is determined according to the process flow.
(2) It should have a convenient means for programming and modifying the program.
(3) The program control system enables the ash conveying control system to be in two-way communication with the centralized control room control system, and the monitoring of the ash conveying control system is completed on an operator station of the centralized control room control system.
(4) The program control system realizes the display of vivid pictures (including various system parameters, states of equipment such as an air compressor, a fan, a valve and the like) of various operation conditions of the ash conveying control system.
(5) The ash conveying control logic of the program control system comprises interlocking and protection functions. When system abnormity occurs or an instrument control system is in fault, an alarm signal is sent out, and a program is interrupted if necessary; and when the conditions are not met, the locking program can be started.
(6) During the conveying process of fly ash, the pressure of the ash conveying pipeline may be low due to leakage of the conveying pipeline or a valve. When the pressure is lower than the specified value, the program control system automatically locks the ash conveying control system to start and sends out an alarm signal.
(7) When the conveying pipeline is blocked or a valve on the pipeline is not opened, the pressure of the ash conveying pipeline can be caused to be high. When the pressure is higher than the specified value, the program control system automatically stops ash discharge and sends out an alarm signal.
(8) Providing an ash conveying control curve.
Second, dry ash conveyer
(1) The inlet and outlet valves of the dry ash conveyor are locked to each other and are not allowed to open simultaneously.
(2) A gray level signal is provided for the dry ash conveyor.
Third, air compressor
The air compressor can receive remote control commands and local control commands, and centralized monitoring is carried out on an operator station of the ash removal control system according to control requirements provided by an air pressure supplier.
(1) When an operating air compressor trips, the backup should automatically start.
(2) The air compressor and its outlet valve should be provided with an interlock: when in operation, the outlet valve is interlocked to open; the outlet valve should be interlocked closed when the operating air compressor trips.
(3) When the vacuum degree of the inlet of the air compressor is higher than a specified value, an alarm is given and the operation is automatically stopped.
(4) The air compressor should be able to accept start and stop control commands from the ash removal control system and send the air compressor start/stop status signals, general alarm signals and main process parameters to the control system.
(5) The control room displays the following:
a. pressure in the conveying air duct
b. Differential pressure across an air compressor inlet filter
c. Air compressor outlet valve status (on, off)
d. Air compressor motor state (on, off)
e. Remote/local site
f. Broken control loop
(6) The ash removal control room displays the alarm content:
a. air compressor trip
b. Air compressor failure
c. Air compressor inlet filter plugging
d. The outlet pressure of the air compressor is high
e. Over-high and over-low pressure of conveying pipeline
g. The outlet temperature of the air compressor is high
Four, ash storehouse
(1) When the ash storehouse is high, an alarm is given, meanwhile, the control equipment prohibits ash materials from continuously entering the high ash storehouse, and ash is discharged from the high ash storehouse.
(2) The ash removal control room displays the following:
a. ash level of coarse and fine ash storehouse
b. Pressure difference of bag-type dust collector for coarse and fine ash storehouses
(3) Alarm content of the ash removal control room:
a. the pressure difference of the bag-type dust collector of the coarse ash storehouse and the fine ash storehouse exceeds a fixed value
b. The ash level of the coarse ash warehouse and the fine ash warehouse is higher than a fixed value
c. Failure of back purge device
d. The pressure of the back purge air of the bag-type dust collector in the coarse ash storage and the fine ash storage is lower than a fixed value.
In the invention, the copying pictures are respectively established only for the structures of the #3 machine set and the #4 machine set during research and development, the number of the simulation graphs is actually not limited to two, and each ash conveying machine set has the own simulation graph. The data distributed to the data nodes in the simulation graph are current parameters, and the data distributed to the data nodes comprise: values of a current transformer, a pressure transmitter and a temperature sensor of the air compressor; reading values of a material level meter and an electric contact pressure gauge of the bin pump; all high and low material level values of the ash bucket are measured; data of each material level monitoring device of the ash storehouse, data of a differential pressure monitoring device of an ash level bag-type dust collector and data of a back-blowing air pressure device of the bag-type dust collector; the values of a dust removal fan of a bag-type dust collector at the top of the ash warehouse, a gasification fan, a current transformer of a sorting system, a pressure transmitter, a temperature sensor and the like. These data are assigned to corresponding locations (i.e., data nodes) in the graph by the data assignment unit. The graphical elements are presented to the operator in the form of an interface via a screen of the operator station. Refer to fig. 2.
And the display frame graph partitions the interface and establishes links to realize multi-graph switching display. Besides the simulation graph image which reflects the whole unit operation state, the simulation graph image also comprises a curve chart and a trend chart of partial parameters, and the curve chart is distributed with a data string, such as a string of historical data of a certain parameter. Refer to fig. 3.
The monitoring picture should include:
monitoring of the operational performance of the entire system and some of the sub-systems, and display of the status of the valves.
Flow chart
Simulation diagram: ash warehouse diagrams, system diagrams of units of furnaces, sorting system diagrams, gasification fans, compressed air, alarm points, trends, settings, system information and the like; a system diagram of linkage parts.
The monitoring system can meet the use requirements of operators, and dynamic information of the field equipment is displayed on a monitoring picture through the change of characters, numbers and colors in a system diagram. Such as high pressure, high ash bin level alarm, etc. All historical data can be saved for more than one year, and the historical data can be saved.
When the parameters of the data alarm unit alarm and the control object fault or state change, the alarm picture reflects different colors.
The simulation graph shown in fig. 2 is a picture designed according to a process flow diagram, and data nodes in the graph are represented in different states according to data acquired by the PLC, so that the process flow and measurement parameters can be displayed in the graph picture in the screen, and the interface also has the display of a control mode, a sequential operation state and a control object state, and can also display a group of parameters. After the program control system is finished, the auxiliary control operation control room of the #3 and #4 machine sets is an operator station which is a remote control station. And in-station workers know the running state of the dry ash removal system through the pictures provided by the program control system to control the dry ash removal system in real time.
The operator station screen size was 21 inch LCD. The whole control system is provided with three independent operator stations, and the three operator stations have the same configuration and are mutually standby. I.e., the operator can monitor the entire system at any one of each operator station. When one operator station fails, the monitoring and operation of the entire system is not affected. Each operator station is provided with a bidirectional Ethernet card which is communicated with a control network of the centralized control room, and the communication protocol is TCP/IP. The microcomputer should adopt a full Chinese graphic man-machine interface, and the alarm, display and prompt are all Chinese. The system has rich cues. The system should have the functions of printing the timing report and requesting to print.
The operator station adopts an industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer adopts the current mainstream configuration, and the configuration is not lower than Pentium IV 2.4G,256M memory, 80G hard disk (SCSI bus), 50 times of speed recording CD-ROM, 16M video card, double Ethernet card, standard keyboard and mouse are used as the necessary cursor positioning device. The operator station adopts a Windows NT operating system and is provided with latest version of stellar antivirus software to prevent the invasion of various computer viruses and the data loss of a PLC memory.
The monitoring system is provided with strict password and level protection, and personnel at different levels can only operate and modify items corresponding to the authority of the personnel.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, taking the control of the silo pump by the programmable system as an example, the monitoring and control mode of the dry ash removal system of the present invention is specifically reflected:
the PLC can adopt corresponding treatment according to the ash position signal transmitted by the level indicator 3 and the pressure value signal indicated by the electric contact pressure gauge 9 above the bin pump 10. The ash position signals are of three types: "high", "normal", "low". When the level indicator 3 indicates a high level, the system opens the feed valve 7, closes the discharge valve 11, the air inlet valve 8, the blowing-assisting valve 12 and the electromagnetic valve 13 with the filter membrane, and the dry ash is discharged from the ash hopper 5 to the bin pump 10 for dumping. Along with the continuous ash storage of the bin pump 10, the internal pressure of the bin pump 10 gradually rises, when the pressure displayed by the electric contact pressure gauge 9 exceeds a fixed value i, the electric contact of the electric contact pressure gauge 9 above the electric contact pressure gauge is switched on, the electric contact pressure gauge icon in the display picture of the upper microcomputer displays red, and at the moment, the control system closes the feeding valve 7 to stop dry ash removal. And then the system opens a discharge valve 11, opens a solenoid valve 13 with a filter membrane, a blowing-assisting valve 12 and an air inlet valve 8, starts an air compressor 15, and conveys dry ash in the bin pump 10 to an ash storage tank 16 through an ash pipeline 6 under the air pressure. During this period, the pressure inside the bin pump 10 continues to rise, and when the pressure exceeds the fixed value ii, the system will stop the air compressor 15, and then automatically close the air inlet valve 8, the blow-assist valve 12 and the solenoid valve with filter membrane 13. And after a period of time, the dry ash in the bin pump 10 is gradually reduced, the pressure is reduced, when the pressure is lower than a fixed value i, an electric contact of the electric contact pressure gauge 9 is disconnected, a green color is displayed in a system display picture, at the moment, the system automatically closes the discharge valve 11, opens the feed valve 7, and opens the electric three-way electric door 6 to enter the dry ash removal treatment process again.
The graphic unit of the upper microcomputer is provided with a simulation picture of the bin pump, and the electric contact pressure gauge signal is distributed to a data node of the bin pump. The program control system displays the process flow chart of the whole dry ash removal system.
The program control system tracks and displays curves of the bin pump at different time periods according to the pressure change of the bin pump; similarly, corresponding tracking records are also set for other devices needing to record historical values, the data recording and storage are completed by a data recording unit, and the data recording and storage are displayed on an upper microcomputer screen through a data distribution unit and a graphic unit.
Parameter display and alarm picture display: when the electric contact pressure gauge above the bin pump indicates a higher level, the system automatically gives out a warning sound and displays a red warning signal. The physical bearing capacity of the bin pump determines the highest limit value, the normal operation of the system requires the lowest limit value to be guaranteed, the limit value is recorded in the program control system, and the data alarm unit finishes the comparison between the real-time value and the limit value. When the level gauge monitors the high/low level in the ash hopper, the system sends out a warning signal.
The program control system can collect historical record conditions (operation records, dust removing times, dust removing time, pressure curve graphs and the like of workers on duty), print reports and the like. The system can track and alarm and record abnormal events in the production process. The system can be networked with a main plant mis system, and work record information registration, data transmission, reporting and the like are facilitated.
The original control system executes each instruction in a linear or sequential mode, the program control system designs a module structure and multi-level control, and the control logic is designed to be gradually refined from top to bottom, so that the control of the system with more complex control structure and function is easier to realize. The control system architecture is shown in fig. 4.
The program control system of the invention has three control modes; automatic program control operation, soft hand operation and local hand operation.
Automatic program control: the equipment is automatically operated under the control of the PLC and the PC, and the equipment to be controlled operates according to a preset program flow and rules.
And (3) soft hand operation: the production process and the controlled equipment are manually intervened and point-to-point operated by a mouse and a keyboard on a CRT of the microcomputer. The control system deals with the whole pneumatic ash conveying system (comprising all electric field ash hoppers and ash conveying main pipes and branch pipes of electric dust removal, a blowing and blocking pipeline, a compressed air pipeline for instruments, a screw air compressor and air purification equipment, a dry ash conveyor and related equipment, an ash warehouse, an electric feeder, a switching valve, an ash warehouse ash level and the like, and carries out centralized monitoring, management, start-stop operation of single equipment and automatic sequence control.
Manual operation on site: the manual and automatic switching is arranged on a solenoid valve box or an immediate control box beside the controlled equipment.
The control relationship of the program control system is shown in fig. 5, and the dotted line in the figure is the program control system part of the dry ash conveying system. The field sensors refer to valve opening and closing in-place signals, material level signals, pressure signals, temperature signals and the like of the ash hoppers and the sending tanks thereof. The field execution element refers to an electromagnetic valve, an air-operated valve, a relay, a contactor and the like.
Instrument and control device equipment signal system: analog input/output signal: 4-20 mADC.
Thermal resistance division number: pt100, three wire system.
Thermocouple division number: e, K
Pressure Switch (PS), Differential Pressure Switch (DPS), flow switch (GS), Temperature Switch (TS), Level Switch (LS), position switch (ZS) and the like, wherein the contact points of the Pressure Switch (PS), the Differential Pressure Switch (DPS), the flow switch (GS), the Temperature Switch (TS), the Level Switch (LS), the position switch (ZS) and the like are of a quick-acting passive dry contact point type, the contact point capacity is 220VAC 2A, and each switch is provided with two independent contact points.
A pressure conveyor unit requires a separate local control panel. The local control switching device has the local operation function and the remote control switching function.
The concrete construction of the invention is as follows:
1. this system transformation construction position: and the #3 and #4 units control the operation control room in an auxiliary mode.
2. The basic interface of the program control system design: FIG. 2 is a diagram of microcomputer monitoring pictures on a furnace dry ash removal system of #3 to #4 in steep power; fig. 3 is a graph of the #3 and #4 units displayed in a split screen mode.
3. The control system structure: the program control system adopts a PLC + PC control mode. Wherein,
(a) the PLC controller adopts a Schneider Kuntten series 67160 controller, and the network configuration adopts a redundant configuration of double-network double-power supply, so that the network safety is ensured. And the PLC is used as a physical layer and is used for carrying out signal acquisition and equipment control in the dry ash removal system.
(b) The PC control is used as a management layer and is used for counting and processing the data collected by the PLC and issuing an execution instruction to the PLC to modify the control parameters. The control equipment at the PC end of the system comprises a power supply cabinet, a program control cabinet, a UPS, a programmable controller PLC, an industrial personal computer, an engineer station, an operator station and the like, and further comprises a complete set of communication cables and the like. The communication cables of the equipment are connected, and the PLC controller and the PC controller are also connected through the communication cables. The PC layer microcomputer adopts IPC technology, and uses server and client to implement data communication. The PC management layer realizes information interaction with the physical layer PLC controller through the Ethernet, and the PLC main station is connected with the remote station where the upper microcomputer is located through a Modicon RIO network, so that the whole system has high reliability. The operation of switches and buttons in the original system is realized on the microcomputer through a mouse or a keyboard.
And (3) control system configuration:
the original upper monitoring system is not sufficient: (1) displaying the picture in English; (2) lack of historical trend graph display; (3) the ash conveying graph curve can not be dynamically displayed, and the running state of the system can not be monitored in real time and intuitively; (4) there is a lack of alarm supervision picture prompting.
After the monitoring system is optimized (1), the program control system can check a real-time curve and also can check a historical curve and display a trend picture, and when abnormality occurs in the ash conveying process, the abnormal phenomenon can be conveniently inquired and analyzed. (2) The program control system is designed with real-time and visual monitoring system operation pictures, collects the real-time ash conveying curve pictures of the dry ash removal system into one picture, displays the real-time ash conveying process, and facilitates the auxiliary control of operators to monitor the operation conditions in real time. (3) The program control system designs an equipment fault prompting window and directly displays an alarm on a program control picture. (4) The program control system is a Chinese interface.
The invention can automatically control the dry ash removal operation, and effectively avoids the problems of pipeline blockage and the like caused by unobvious control division of the feeding/discharging process of the original system. Real-time monitoring and fault display recording improve the degree of automation of system control, and improve the working efficiency and the comprehensive utilization rate of the fly ash.
The program control system is optimized to be a full Chinese interface, so that the auxiliary control operation staff can conveniently read the pictures of the pneumatic ash conveying system, the new program control system can feed back more operation data, operation states and other information to the operation staff, the monitoring on the dry ash removal system is more sufficient and comprehensive, the working efficiency is improved, and good guarantee is provided for the equipment health level of our factory.
Claims (5)
1. An ash conveying program control system of a dry ash removal system of a boiler is composed of a PLC controller based on a microprocessor and an upper microcomputer, wherein the PLC controller comprises an input module for acquiring an ash conveying operation signal of the dry ash removal system; the central controller is used for analyzing and processing the signals acquired by the input module; the PLC central controller is communicated with the upper microcomputer through the Ethernet;
the input module of the PLC is connected with a current transformer, a pressure transmitter and a temperature sensor of an air compressor of the dry ash removal system; the material level meter is connected with a material level meter of the dry ash removal bin pump and the electric contact pressure gauge; all the high level indicators and the low level indicators of the ash bucket are connected; the device is connected with material level monitoring equipment, pressure difference monitoring equipment of an ash level bag-type dust remover and back-blowing air pressure equipment of the bag-type dust remover of the ash storehouse; the current transformer, the pressure transmitter and the temperature sensor are connected with a dust removal fan of a bag-type dust collector at the top of the ash warehouse, a gasification fan and a sorting system;
the output module of the PLC is connected with a start-stop switch of an air compressor of the dry ash removal system; the inlet valve, the exhaust valve, the outlet valve, the blockage removing valve and the ash storage switching valve of the bin pump are connected; the dust collection fan is connected with a bag-type dust collector dust collection fan at the top of the ash warehouse, the gasification fan and a sorting system start-stop switch;
the upper microcomputer is provided with a graphic unit, a data distribution unit, a data recording unit, a data alarm unit and a process control unit, wherein:
the graphic unit comprises a simulation graph and a display picture frame graph of each ash conveying unit structure of the profiling dry ash removal system, and a plurality of data nodes are arranged in the graphic unit;
the data recording unit is used for recording the current record and storing the historical record;
the data distribution unit distributes the data acquired by the PLC input module to corresponding data nodes in the graphic unit;
the process control unit is a part for sending a control signal to the PLC and managing and controlling the process according to the working process of the dry ash removal system;
the graphic unit and the data distributed to the data nodes are displayed in the microcomputer through an interface, a warning picture is further arranged on the interface, and the data alarm unit gives out a prompt on the warning picture when the PLC judges that abnormal data exists.
2. The ash conveying program control system of the boiler dry ash removal system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and each ash conveying unit structure of each dry ash removal system is provided with a simulation graph.
3. The ash conveying program control system of the boiler dry ash removal system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bin pump, the air compressor, the ash storehouse sorting system, the gasification air system and the ash storehouse level gauge are provided with local control boxes, and each local control box is provided with a corresponding manual/program control operation switching locking control unit in an upper microcomputer.
4. The ash conveying program control system of the boiler dry ash removal system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the output end of the PLC and each valve of the bin pump are respectively and independently controlled, and the microcomputer is used for independently controlling the opening/closing of a certain valve or independently cutting off a certain valve.
5. The ash conveying program control system of the boiler dry ash removal system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the alarm types for triggering the early warning unit are as follows: a) tripping the air compressor; b) air compressor failure; c) the air compressor inlet filter is blocked; d) the outlet pressure of the air compressor is high; e) the pressure of the conveying pipeline is too high; f) the material level of the ash bucket is high; g) the outlet temperature of the air compressor is high; h) system anomalies or instrument control system failures; i) the pressure difference of the ash bin bag-type dust collector exceeds a fixed value; j) the ash positions of the coarse ash warehouse and the fine ash warehouse are higher than a fixed value; k) failure of the back purge device; l) the back purge air pressure of the bag-type dust remover of the coarse ash storehouse and the fine ash storehouse is lower than a fixed value.
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| CN201910363142.7A CN110104441A (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | The defeated grey stored program controlled of boiler dry ash handling system |
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| CN201910363142.7A CN110104441A (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | The defeated grey stored program controlled of boiler dry ash handling system |
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