CN110095644A - A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor - Google Patents
A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110095644A CN110095644A CN201910285643.8A CN201910285643A CN110095644A CN 110095644 A CN110095644 A CN 110095644A CN 201910285643 A CN201910285643 A CN 201910285643A CN 110095644 A CN110095644 A CN 110095644A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
Abstract
A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor, including the identical magnet ring of two geometric dimensions, it is sensor magnetic circuit that each magnet ring, which is opened up there are two opening air gap of same size, a Hall chip is placed at each opening air gap, four Hall chips connect adder, and adder connects amplifier.Four Hall chip output end voltages are added by adder, the sum of four Hall chip output end voltages is obtained, and zoom in or out to the sum of this output end voltage by amplifier, obtains the voltage output proportional with electric current to be measured.Sensor in this way exports the voltage generated for four Hall chips and exports adjusting feedback resistance size to reach target.A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor of the present invention, the sensor can obviously overcome measured wire eccentric distance and the error that generates, improve Hall current sensor precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Hall current sensor, specifically a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor.
Background technique
Hall current sensor is because its structure is simple, low cost, low-power consumption, good accuracy, test cross direct current, does not need and original
The features such as circuit is in contact, and is able to achieve the on-line monitoring of mA~kA range is widely used in current monitoring and battery applications, inversion
Power supply and solar-electricity management system, direct current cabinet and d.c. motor driving, plating, welding application, frequency converter, UPS servo control
System powers signal acquisition and the feedback controls such as system.
Currently, either open loop Hall current sensor or closed-loop Hall current sensor, all there is one and obvious lack
It falls into, it may be assumed that measured wire must be placed in magnet ring center.But in actual application, it is impossible to measured wire are placed in magnetic always
Ring center, certainly exists eccentricity, and which results in Hall current sensor output offsets, and measured wire eccentric distance is bigger,
Output offset is bigger, this directly affects the precision of Hall current sensor.In view of the above-mentioned problems, with traditional mechanical cover knot
Conducting wire is fixed on center by structure, this is a kind of settling mode, still, conducting wire of this mode just for special diameter, versatility
It is not strong, and installation is more troublesome in actual application, so currently without the method for being obviously able to solve the above problem.
Summary of the invention
The error generated by measured wire eccentric distance is exported in order to reduce Hall current sensor, the present invention provides
A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor, the sensor can obviously overcome measured wire eccentric distance and generate
Error improves Hall current sensor precision.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor, including the identical magnet ring of two geometric dimensions, each magnetic
It is sensor magnetic circuit that ring, which is opened up there are two opening air gap of same size, is placed with a Hall core at each opening air gap
Piece, four Hall chips connect adder, and adder connects amplifier.
Four Hall chip output end voltages are added by adder, obtain four Hall chip output end voltages it
With, and the sum of this output end voltage is zoomed in or out by amplifier, it is defeated to obtain the voltage proportional with electric current to be measured
Out.In this way sensor output be voltage that four Hall chips generate and, adjusting feedback resistance size to which to reach target defeated
Out.
The Hall current sensor includes PCB printing plate, and PCB printing plate is placed among two square magnet rings, is used in combination
Corresponding skeleton is fixed；Square magnet ring C1 above PCB printing plate is laterally disposed, the square magnet ring C2 below PCB printing plate
It is placed longitudinally, that is, allow this four opening air gaps on square magnet ring square four edges, and symmetrical about core center.
The sensor magnetic circuit is bimag magnetic circuit, and bimag magnetic circuit includes that two identical magnet rings open two identical gas respectively
The four air gap bimags that gap is constituted.
The magnet ring uses Ferrite Material.
The magnet ring is rectangular or round.
The magnet ring, openings of sizes are as follows: 1.2mm.
Hall current sensor principle of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1, as tested electric current IPWhen by sensor magnetic core, conducting wire week
The magnetic field of generation is enclosed by magnetic core C1With the magnet accumulating cap of C2, make respectively to generate a magnetic strength above four Hall chip DS-CC6501
Answering intensity is the magnetic field of B, so that four Hall chips respectively export a voltage U, is added by what is be made of operational amplifier TS922
After adder circuit, to reach target gain, the in-phase proportion amplifying circuit being made of TS922 is being connect, so output voltage UOSuch as
Under:
A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor of the present invention is realized especially by three parts, is respectively as follows:
For providing two magnetic cores of poly- magnetic effect；
For four hall devices to be generated the adder circuit and in-phase proportion amplifying circuit that voltage is added；
Sensor structure design.
The bimag magnetic circuit for difference magnetic induction intensity needed for providing two hall devices is specifically identical by two
Magnetic core opens two the same air gaps of width and about symmetrical at core center.
For an electrified wire, length long enough is I by electric currentP, the magnetic strength of generation at distance center r
Answer intensity B that can be indicated with following formula:
Magnetic induction density B when electrified wire passes through magnet ring, in magnet ringcoreIt can be indicated with following formula:
In formula, μ0For vacuum relative permeability, value 1；μrFor magnet ring relative permeability；D is annulus outer diameter；D is circle
Ring internal diameter.
After magnetic core has opened two air gaps, and two opening size lairOpposite magnetic core size is minimum, lair< < π D, therefore
It is considered that the magnetic field of opening be it is continuous and uniform, according to Ampere circuit law, following formula can be obtained:
In formula, BcoreFor magnet ring magnetic induction intensity；BairFor opening magnetic induction intensity.Since the magnetic field of opening is to connect
Continue and uniform, then Bcore=Bair, above formula is substituted into, the magnetic induction intensity of opening is obtained:
4 Hall chips generate voltage at magnetic core air gap and are respectively as follows:
Wherein: U1It is hall device in magnetic core C1The voltage generated at air gap, U2It is hall device in magnetic core C2It is produced at air gap
Raw voltage, U3It is hall device in magnetic core C3The voltage generated at air gap, U4It is hall device in magnetic core C4It is generated at air gap
Voltage.
The adder include the first operational amplifier TS922, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5,
Resistance R6, capacitor C5；The one end resistance R1 connects Hall chip N1 output pin, and the resistance R1 other end connects the first operational amplifier
TS922 non-inverting input terminal；The one end resistance R2 connects Hall chip N2 output pin, and the resistance R2 other end connects the first operational amplifier
TS922 non-inverting input terminal；The one end resistance R4 connects Hall chip N3 output pin, and the resistance R4 other end connects the first operational amplifier
TS922 non-inverting input terminal；The one end resistance R6 connects Hall chip N1 output pin, and the resistance R6 other end connects the first operational amplifier
TS922 non-inverting input terminal；The one end resistance R3 connects the end GND, and it is defeated that the resistance R3 other end connects the first operational amplifier TS922 reverse phase
Enter end；
The one end resistance R5, the one end capacitor C5 are all connected with the first operational amplifier inverting input terminal, the resistance R5 other end, capacitor
The C5 other end connects the first operational amplifier TS922 output end.
It is hereby achieved that:
U5=(U1+U2+U3+U4)=KHI(B1+B2+B3+B4)；
Further, to reach target gain, the in-phase proportion amplifier includes second operational amplifier TS922, electricity
Hinder R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, resistance R10, capacitor C7；The one end resistance R7 connects the end GND, the second fortune of resistance R7 other end connection
Calculate amplifier TS922 non-inverting input terminal；The one end resistance R8 connects second operational amplifier TS922 output end, the resistance R8 other end
For sensor output mouth；The one end resistance R9 connects the first operational amplifier TS922 output end, resistance R9 other end connection second
Operational amplifier device TS922 inverting input terminal；The one end resistance R10, the one end capacitor C7 connection second operational amplifier device TS922 are anti-
Phase input terminal, the resistance R10 other end, the capacitor C7 other end connect second operational amplifier TS922 output end.
It realizes that target gain needs to adjust the size of resistance R9 and resistance R10, is embodied as::
Further, symmetrical about core center because four opening widths are identical, when measured wire is placed in core center
When place, the induction level at each air gap is equal, it may be assumed that B1=B2=B3=B4, sensor output UOIt may be expressed as:
When measured wire deviation core center is upward, for magnetic core C1Air gap 1 for, π (D+d)/2 becomes smaller, Bair1Become
Greatly, the output voltage U that Hall chip N1 is generated1Become larger；π (D+d)/2 becomes smaller for air gap 4, Bair1Become smaller, Hall chip
The output voltage U that N4 is generated4Become smaller, but U1+U4It is constant.Similarly for magnetic core C2For, because two air gaps are about core center
Horizontal symmetrical, when conducting wire is when moving horizontally, U2+U3It is constant.Generally, for this bimag, measured wire no matter how
Deviate at core center, U1+U2+U3+U4It is basically unchanged, so eliminating the mistake generated because measured wire deviates core center
Difference.
A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor of the present invention, has the beneficial effect that:
1: K as can be seen from the above equationHI is definite value, the output voltage of the Hall current sensor be with external magnetic field namely
Tested electric current IPLinear change.Sensitivity can be by selecting highly sensitive Hall chip and its corresponding signal processing circuit to mention
It is high.By its principle it is found that the output of Hall current sensor be four Hall chips output voltage and, the more traditional list of precision is suddenly
Your current sensor is higher.
2: compared with existing single Hall current sensor, measured wire deviates core center position and exports shadow to this sensor
Sound is minimum, will not generate output offset because of lead location.It does not need to do particular design on sensor outer housing structure, be applicable in
It is less than all measured wires of side length in magnetic core in wire diameter.
3: the Hall current sensor of more existing list air gap is compared, and the magnetic core of this sensor is after opening double air gaps, magnetic core
It is more not easy to be saturated, the bigger electric current of technical grade can be measured, and smaller by the intrinsic hysteresis effect of soft magnetic materials.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Hall current sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Hall current sensor magnetic core geometric dimension figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the adder gain enlarged diagram of Hall current sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the amplifier circuit figure of Hall current sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the integrated circuit structure chart of Hall current sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of Hall current sensor of the present invention；Wherein: 1- Hall chip, 2-PCB printing plate.
Specific embodiment
A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor, including the identical square magnet ring of two geometric dimensions, often
It is sensor magnetic circuit that one square magnet ring, which is opened up there are two opening air gap of same size, is placed at each opening air gap
One Hall chip, four Hall chips connect adder, and adder connects amplifier.
Four Hall chip output end voltages are added by adder, obtain four Hall chip output end voltages it
With, and the sum of this output end voltage is zoomed in or out by amplifier, it is defeated to obtain the voltage proportional with electric current to be measured
Out.In this way sensor output be voltage that four Hall chips generate and, adjusting feedback resistance size to which to reach target defeated
Out.
The Hall current sensor includes PCB printing plate, and PCB printing plate is placed among two square magnet rings, is used in combination
Corresponding skeleton is fixed；Square magnet ring C1 above PCB printing plate is laterally disposed, the square magnet ring C2 below PCB printing plate
It is placed longitudinally, that is, allow this four opening air gaps on square magnet ring square four edges, and symmetrical about core center.
A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor is divided into three part magnetic circuit parts and circuit part and structure
Part.
(1), the design of magnetic circuit part:
(1), magnet ring structure form: the shape of magnet ring has rectangular, round two kinds of structures, and square structure is used for the side of high current
Type busbar or bus, so inventive sensor uses square structure, a length of 38.49mm in outside, a length of 30mm in outside, thickness
For 9mm.Magnet ring geometric dimension is as shown in Figure 2.
(2), opening size designs: according toIt is found that the size of opening directly determines the magnetic strength at magnet ring
Answer intensity size.Consider that opening size is small, then magnetic field continuity, uniformity are good from the continuity and uniformity in magnetic field.But it is too small
Opening size, and easily magnet ring is caused to be saturated, output is caused to be distorted.So the present invention utilizes two magnet rings, each magnet ring two
A air gap is open, altogether four air gaps, air gap thickness 1.5mm.
(3), magnet ring material select: soft magnetic ferrite have it is at low cost, be suitable for open loop Hall current sensor
Magnetic core,
Present invention Ferrite Material, can be mass-produced, save the cost.
(2), the design of circuit part:
(1), as shown in Fig. 2, selected chip is four identical hall device DS-CC6501, as tested electric current IPPass through
When, voltage U1, U2, U3 and U4 for being generated under same core different air gap:
The effect of capacitor is to be shorted high-frequency interferencing signal into ground, reduces and passes
Sensor noise.
(2), according to design scheme, operational amplifier needs the accurate operational amplifier of track to track double operational, and the present invention adopts
It is TS922 with operational amplifier.
(3), U1, U2, U3 and U4 pass through by operational amplifier TS922, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, electricity
The voltage obtained after the subtracter that resistance R5, resistance R6, capacitor C5 are constituted is U5, U5=(U1+U2+U3+U4).It is illustrated in figure 3
Adder physical circuit figure.
(4), to obtain target gain, U5It also needs by ratio enlargement, as shown in figure 4, resistance R7, resistance R8, electricity
It hinders R9, resistance R10 and capacitor C7 and constitutes scaling circuit of the present invention, after ratio enlargement.The size for adjusting resistance R9 and resistance R10 can change
Become sensor target gain.Capacitor C7 effect is reduction operational amplifier self-noise.
(5)、UOFor inventive sensor final output voltage.Entire hardware circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 5.
(3), the design of sensor structure:
(1), as shown in Figure 6: PCB printing plate is placed among two magnetic cores, and is fixed with corresponding skeleton.
(2), the magnetic core C1 above PCB printing plate is laterally disposed, and the magnetic core C2 below PCB printing plate is placed longitudinally, that is, allows
This four are open air gaps on the four edges of square, and symmetrical about core center.
(3), to guarantee that the voltage of four Hall chips is all to increase with the electric current of measured wire fixed-direction and increase, together
Two Hall chips on one magnetic core are oppositely positioned at magnetic core air gap.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor, including the identical magnet ring of two geometric dimensions, it is characterised in that:
It is sensor magnetic circuit that each magnet ring, which is opened up there are two opening air gap of same size, is placed with one at each opening air gap
Hall chip, four Hall chips connect adder, and adder connects amplifier；
Four Hall chip output end voltages are added by adder, obtain the sum of four Hall chip output end voltages, and
The sum of this output end voltage is zoomed in or out by amplifier, obtains the voltage output proportional with electric current to be measured.
2. a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the adder
Including the first operational amplifier, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, capacitor C5；
The one end resistance R1 connects Hall chip N1 output pin, and the resistance R1 other end connects the first operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal；
The one end resistance R2 connects Hall chip N2 output pin, and the resistance R2 other end connects the first operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal；Resistance
The one end R4 connects Hall chip N3 output pin, and the resistance R4 other end connects the first operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal；Resistance R6 mono-
End connection Hall chip N1 output pin, the resistance R6 other end connect the first operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal；The one end resistance R3 connects
The end GND is connect, the resistance R3 other end connects the first operational amplifier inverting input terminal；
The one end resistance R5, the one end capacitor C5 are all connected with the first operational amplifier inverting input terminal, and the resistance R5 other end, capacitor C5 are another
One end connects the first operational amplifier output terminal.
3. a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the amplifier
Including second operational amplifier, resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, resistance R10, capacitor C7；
The one end resistance R7 connects the end GND, and the resistance R7 other end connects second operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal；
The one end resistance R8 connects second operational amplifier output end, and the resistance R8 other end is sensor output mouth；
The one end resistance R9 connects the first operational amplifier output terminal, and it is defeated that the resistance R9 other end connects second operational amplifier device reverse phase
Enter end；
The one end resistance R10, the one end capacitor C7 connect second operational amplifier device inverting input terminal, the resistance R10 other end, capacitor C7
The other end connects second operational amplifier output end.
4. a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Hall current
Sensor includes PCB printing plate, and PCB printing plate is placed among two square magnet rings, and is fixed with corresponding skeleton；PCB print
Square magnet ring C1 above brush board is laterally disposed, and the square magnet ring C2 below PCB printing plate is placed longitudinally, that is, allows this four
Air gap be open on square magnet ring square four edges, and symmetrical about core center.
5. a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sensor
Magnetic circuit is bimag magnetic circuit, and bimag magnetic circuit includes four air gaps pair that two identical magnet rings open that two identical air gaps are constituted respectively
Magnetic core.
6. a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the magnet ring is adopted
Use Ferrite Material.
7. a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the magnet ring is
It is rectangular or round.
8. a kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the magnet ring,
Openings of sizes are as follows: 1.5mm.
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| CN201910285643.8A CN110095644A (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2019-04-10 | A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor |
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| CN201910285643.8A CN110095644A (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2019-04-10 | A kind of novel high-precision open loop Hall current sensor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111983280A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-11-24 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Magnetic field gathering assembly, non-contact leakage current measuring device and measuring method |
| CN112462125A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉启亦电气有限公司 | Clamp-on ammeter with double breath |
| CN112730947A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | Anti-saturation large-current double-Hall-element current sensor |
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Application publication date: 20190806 |