CN110095149A - The airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity - Google Patents
The airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110095149A CN110095149A CN201910303380.9A CN201910303380A CN110095149A CN 110095149 A CN110095149 A CN 110095149A CN 201910303380 A CN201910303380 A CN 201910303380A CN 110095149 A CN110095149 A CN 110095149A
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Abstract
The airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity disclosed by the invention, including tubulose lens barrel, lens barrel inner wall is disposed with the imaging len of incident diaphragm, convex lens, optical filter and ccd detector from top to bottom, and ccd detector is sequentially connected the I O Interface and computer of raspberry pie by data line.Airglow imaging interferometer of the invention, based on FPI interferometric filter and " rotational line thermometry " principle, different diatomics and polyatom airglow target light source are screened using filter plate, Image Acquisition is carried out to the interference fringe that airglow is formed using ccd detector, ccd detector is remotely controlled using 3 generation of raspberry pie B+ type simultaneously and realizes that information is transmitted, carry out data analysis in computer and shows result；Airglow imaging interferometer of the invention does not have moving component, improves measurement accuracy, saves cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to remote sensing equipment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and
The airglow imaging interferometer of volume emissivity.
Background technique
The atmospheric concentration of Middle and upper atmosphere (80-300km) is very low, and temperature change is big, to the hand of the detection of upper atmosphere
Section is less, causes the detection of Middle and upper atmosphere temperature to become development speed in the late three decades very slow.Detection upper atmosphere wind speed,
The instrument of the parameters such as temperature has the instrument and equipment of spaceborne ground version.It is mounted in Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite UARS within 1991
Wind imaging interferometer WINDII (Wind Imaging on (Upper atmospheric Research Satellite)
) and high-resolution doppler imagers HRDI (High-Resolution Doppler Imager), point Interferometer
The wind speed and temperature of upper atmosphere are not detected with wide-angle Michelson interferometer and FPI.The Nagoya Shiokawa religion of Japan
Award etc. successively based on triple channel airglow (wavelength 557.7nm, 630.0nm and 839.9nm) and two channel airglows (557.7nm with
630.0nm) airglow carries out the detection of Middle and upper atmosphere temperature.
In recent years, researcher has been no longer limited to the data analysis of single observation station, but will be distributed in all over the world
Observation station constitutes jointly observational network and timely sharing observation data, can study the large scale even high level of Global Scale in this way
Atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamic characteristics.International PSMOS (Planetary scale mesopause observing
System) each website is equipped with all passive optical remote sensing instruments, wherein there is gravity to be filtered by total sky imager, inclination
Mating plate photometer, ground MORTI (Mesopause oxygen rotational temperature imager) and ground
SATI (Spectral airglow temperature imager) is used to observe the temperature of Middle and upper atmosphere, airglow transmitting by force
Phenomena such as degree and gravitational wave.
Using 15 observation stations near 30 ° of latitude lines of 120 ° of meridians of east longitude and north latitude, support is meridian engineered for the country,
Middle Beijing, Wuhan, Hainan and Antarctic Zhongshan Station are provided with total sky imager or FPI: space center, the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Hebei
Province builds a set of FPI within the border, for parameters such as the temperature and the gravitational waves that detect Middle and upper atmosphere；Wuhan University is also dedicated to F-P
The development of interferometer all conducts in-depth research inversion algorithm and control software.
But currently, do not occur the instrument for parameter measurements such as the temperature of upper atmosphere temporarily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity airglow imaging interferometer,
Solve the problems, such as that existing upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity parameter are unable to measure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the airglow imaging of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity
Interferometer, including tubulose lens barrel, lens barrel inner wall are disposed with incident diaphragm, convex lens, optical filter and CCD detection from top to bottom
The imaging len of device, ccd detector by data line be sequentially connected raspberry pie I O Interface and computer.
It is of the invention to be further characterized in that,
Optical filter is narrowband FPI optical filter.
Raspberry pie specific location raspberry pie 3 generation B+ type.
The imaging len of ccd detector penetrates the transmitance τ of spectral linef(λ, θ) should meet the following conditions:
In formula (1), λ0It is the central wavelength of filter plate, DFWAMIt is the halfwidth of optical filter, neIt is effective folding of filter plate
Penetrate rate, τcIt is the peak transmittance of filter plate, λ is the line wavelength that penetrates of filter plate, and θ is the detective field of view angle through spectral line.
Filter plate should also meet the following conditions:
In formula (2), λ is the line wavelength that penetrates of filter plate, and θ is the detective field of view angle through spectral line.
Ccd detector specific location APogee F6 CDD detector.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the airglow imaged interference of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity
Instrument, by the diatomic or polyatom airglow of upper atmosphere as probe source, using FPI optical filter for different incidence angles
Airglow spectral line will form different interference circles, by raspberry pie three generations B+ type to obtaining interference circle automatically on ccd detector
Control transmission is carried out, realizes (80-300km) atmospheric temperature and body transmitting at measurement automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere airglow place
Rate is not required to outer heating/cooling device using ccd detector, not only saves into conjunction with FPI principle and rotation spectrum collimation method thermometry
This, improves measurement accuracy, has filled up the blank of upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity measuring device, there is good practical value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.
In figure, 1. incident rays, 2. incident diaphragms, 3. convex lenses, 4. optical filters, 5. imaging lens, 6.CCD detector,
7. raspberry pie, 8. computers, 9. lens barrels.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, packet
Tubulose lens barrel 9 is included, 9 inner wall of lens barrel is disposed with incident diaphragm 2, convex lens 3, optical filter 4 and ccd detector 6 from top to bottom
Imaging len 5, ccd detector 6 by data line be sequentially connected raspberry pie 7 I O Interface and computer 8.
Convex lens 3 and filter plate 4 play filtering and screen the light of fixed airglow wave band, obtain target light using ccd detector 6
The image in source is connected to raspberry pie 7 for obtained image and reaches computer 8, and computer 8 is analyzed data and is shown in set
On port interface, the O at upper atmosphere can be obtained2The atmospheric temperature and volume emissivity VER of (0-1) nightglow.
Optical filter 4 is narrowband FPI optical filter.Since narrowband FPI optical filter has highly sensitive, high-throughput and spatial discrimination
The advantages of rate, is used for always the important device of atmospheric temperature detecting.It can by diatomic molecule or ion, polyatomic molecule or from
The a plurality of spectral line of son distinguishes, for example, occurring the oxygen O of peak value at the 94km of earth overhead2(0-1) airglow, spectral line exist
867.7nm nearby has 6 groups of 12 airglow spectral lines, wavelength be respectively 865.2nm, 865.4nm, 865.7nm, 865.8nm,
866.2nm,866.3nm,866.6nm,866.8nm,867.2nm,867.3nm,867.7nm,867.8nm；Earth overhead 94km
There is the O of peak value in place2(0-1) airglow, spectral line have near 763.842nm 764.280nm, 764.168nm, 763.842nm,
6 airglow spectral lines of 763.729nm, 763.426nm, 763.311nm；Occurs the OH Meinel gas of peak value at the 87km of earth overhead
Brightness, wherein a length of 892.0nm of cardiac wave etc..
Using narrowband FPI optical filter, device can obtain a plurality of interference circle through the invention, in the imaging of ccd detector 6
On lens 5, a plurality of interference circle penetrates the transmitance τ of spectral linef(λ, θ) should meet the following conditions:
In formula (1), λ0It is the central wavelength of filter plate 4, DFWAMIt is the halfwidth of optical filter 4, neIt is having for filter plate 4
Imitate refractive index, τcIt is the peak transmittance of filter plate 4, λ is the line wavelength that penetrates of filter plate 4, and θ is the detection view through spectral line
Rink corner；
Filter plate 4 should also meet simultaneously the following conditions:
In formula (2), λ is the line wavelength that penetrates of filter plate 4, and θ is the detective field of view angle through spectral line.
Raspberry pie 7 specific location raspberry pie, 3 generation B+ type.By raspberry pie 7 be connected to ccd detector 6 I on O Interface, beat
It opens raspberry pie 7 and is run, issue instruction, data are simultaneously passed to computer 8 by the shooting and transmission of one group of picture of progress, later
Data are extracted on computer 8 to be analyzed.Raspberry pie 7 inputs the data of ccd detector 6, handles the data of acquisition
And correction, it by all Data Summaries and draws curve graph and is compared with standard curve, calculate error and be mutually worse than 1-2K or so, and
Final result is shown.
6 specific location APogee F6 CDD detector of ccd detector.
The course of work of the airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity of the present invention is such as
Under: firstly, setting incident ray 1, incident diaphragm 2, convex lens 3, optical filter 4, imaging len 5, ccd detector 6, raspberry pie 7,
Computer 8 and lens barrel 9, diaphragm 2, convex lens 3, optical filter 4, imaging len 5 load in lens barrel 9.Incident ray 1 will successively according to
Secondary to be converged on the light-sensitive element imaging len 4 of ccd detector 5 by incident diaphragm 2, convex lens 3 and filter plate 4, CCD is visited
It surveys after device 5 obtains data and is passed to raspberry pie 6, data obtained are packaged and are passed to computer 7 by raspberry pie 6.Specifically:
(1) after the light of incident ray planoconvex lens 3 and the filtering of filter plate 4 and the fixed airglow wave band of screening, light is reached
At the imaging len 5 of ccd detector 6, as shown in formula (1)-(2), the transmitance of different wave length airglow is obtained；
(2) then, upper atmosphere temperature is detected using rotational line.Specifically: due in atmosphere diatomic molecule and
Ion (such as O2、N2, OH+, NO airglow) or polyatomic molecule (vapor H2O), at the same temperature due to atomic vibration and turn
Dynamic energy level transition will generate the lesser vibration of difference and turn spectral line.After atom reaches thermal balance, these rotational line intensity are indicated
Are as follows:
I(l1)=CS (l1)λ-3exp[-F(l1)hc/kTr] (3)
I(l2)=CS (l2)λ-3exp[-F(l2)hc/kTr] (4)
In formula (3)-(4), C is proportionality coefficient, and S (l) is the factor related with rotational quantum number and Einstein coefficient,
F (l) is rotational term, l1And l2For different rotation angular-momentum quantum numbers, h is Planck's constant, and c is the light velocity, and k is Boltzmann constant,
TrThe temperature of atom when for thermal equilibrium state, detection atmospheric temperature I (l1) and I (l2) it is to be obtained by ccd detector 6.
Then pass through different luminous intensity I (l1) and I (l2) ratio export atmospheric temperature:
Tr=(hc/k) [F (l2)-F(l1)]/lnA (5)
In formula (5), parameter A is constant and unrelated with rotational quantum number and wavelength.
(3) volume emissivity VER is the number of photons that atmospheric particles discharge in unit time unit volume, and unit is
photos.cm-3.s-1.By the dynamic equilibrium of photochemical reaction equation and atmospheric particles concentration, VER can be derived by establishing equation.O2
The volume emissivity of (0-1) nightglow may be expressed as:
In formula (6), parameter k1=4.7 × 10-33 (300/T)2cm3/ s (T is atmospheric temperature),CO=33,Parameter A1=0.079s-1, A2=0.083s-1, [O], [O2] and [N2] respectively
Indicate corresponding concentration.VER will be become the value that ground is capable of measuring according to field angle and observation time by the present invention.
Airglow imaging interferometer of the invention, based on FPI interferometric filter and " rotational line thermometry " principle, using filter
4 pairs of different diatomics of wave plate and polyatom airglow target light source are screened, and are done using ccd detector 6 to airglow formation
It relates to striped and carries out Image Acquisition, while ccd detector 6 is remotely controlled and realized using microcomputer raspberry pie 7 generation B+ type
Information transmission carries out data analysis in computer 8 and shows result；Airglow imaging interferometer of the invention does not have moving component,
There is higher reliability, the detection accuracy of atmospheric temperature can reach 1-2K, and the detection accuracy of VER can reach 8%.
Claims (6)
1. the airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity, which is characterized in that including tubulose
Lens barrel (9), lens barrel (9) inner wall are disposed with incident diaphragm (2), convex lens (3), optical filter (4) and CCD detection from top to bottom
The imaging len (5) of device (6), the ccd detector (6) by data line be sequentially connected raspberry pie (7) I O Interface and calculating
Machine (8).
2. the airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the optical filter (4) is narrowband FPI optical filter.
3. the airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, raspberry pie (7) the specific location raspberry pie 3 generation B+ type.
4. the airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the imaging len (5) of the ccd detector (6) penetrates the transmitance τ of spectral linef(λ, θ) should meet following item
Part:
In formula (1), λ0It is the central wavelength of filter plate (4), DFWAMIt is the halfwidth of optical filter (4), neIt is filter plate (4)
Effective refractive index, τcIt is the peak transmittance of filter plate (4), λ is the line wavelength that penetrates of filter plate (4), and θ is through spectral line
Detective field of view angle.
5. the airglow imaged interference of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity according to claim 2 or 4
Instrument, which is characterized in that the filter plate (4) should also meet the following conditions:
In formula (2), λ is the line wavelength that penetrates of filter plate (4), and θ is the detective field of view angle through spectral line.
6. the airglow imaging interferometer of automatic remote sensing detection upper atmosphere temperature and volume emissivity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the ccd detector (6) is specially APogee F6 CDD detector.
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| CN113176228A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-27 | 西安理工大学 | SO based on Internet of things2Concentration passive remote sensing monitor and monitoring method |
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