CN110095092B - Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material - Google Patents
Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110095092B CN110095092B CN201910401226.5A CN201910401226A CN110095092B CN 110095092 B CN110095092 B CN 110095092B CN 201910401226 A CN201910401226 A CN 201910401226A CN 110095092 B CN110095092 B CN 110095092B
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- magnetostrictive material
- transverse plates
- inclinometer
- fiber bragg
- bragg grating
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 bolts Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in magnetic properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an inclinometer based on fiber bragg gratings and magnetostrictive materials, and belongs to the technical field of construction engineering. The inclinometer comprises a permanent magnet, magnetostrictive materials, bolts, fiber gratings, optical fibers, a fiber grating demodulator, a transverse plate, a guide groove and an inclinometer pipe. The two groups of transverse plates are connected through bolts, and the permanent magnet is fixed between the groups of transverse plates; the middle part of the bolt for connecting the two groups of transverse plates is fixedly connected with a magnetostriction material; the fiber bragg grating is stuck on the surface of the magnetostrictive material; one end of the optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber grating, and the other end of the optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber grating demodulator; the fiber bragg grating demodulator is used for measuring the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material; the magnetostrictive material generates initial strain, the transverse plate rotates along with the initial strain, the magnetostrictive material rotates at the same inclination angle, and the rotation angle of the inclinometer is determined by the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material. The inclinometer has the advantages of high measurement precision, strong data transmission capability, visual data, simplicity and convenience in operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction engineering, relates to an inclinometer applied to engineering monitoring, and in particular relates to an inclinometer based on fiber bragg gratings and magnetostrictive materials.
Background
The inclinometer is an in-situ measuring instrument for measuring in-situ inclination angle and azimuth angle, and has wide application in the field of geotechnical engineering. The traditional inclinometer is usually of a resistance strain type, an accelerometer type, an electronic meter type and the like, can measure the internal inclination angle and displacement of a rock-soil body within a certain error range, and has been widely applied to engineering practice. However, the traditional inclinometer has a plurality of defects; on one hand, the traditional inclinometer has low measurement precision, small measuring range, short service life and complex operation; on the other hand, the traditional inclinometer uses a cable for signal transmission, and the cable bandwidth is limited, so that the data transmission capacity is severely limited. As a novel measurement technology, the fiber bragg grating can utilize the sensitivity of the wavelength of an optical signal to strain and temperature to realize accurate measurement of the strain and the temperature; meanwhile, the fiber bragg grating has the characteristics of electromagnetic interference resistance, good durability, long transmission distance and the like. Magnetostrictive materials can expand and contract under the action of a magnetic field, and are widely applied to the field of sensors. The inclination angle and displacement of the inclinometer in the rock-soil body are converted into the strain of the measurable magnetostrictive material through reasonable arrangement, so that the accuracy is higher, and the defects of the traditional inclinometer in accuracy and measuring range are overcome. Therefore, the fiber bragg grating technology and the magnetostrictive material are used for improving the traditional inclinometer, and the fiber bragg grating inclinometer has important significance in the aspects of improving measurement accuracy, measuring range, simplifying operation steps, enhancing data transmission capacity and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the traditional inclinometer by using the fiber bragg grating technology and the magnetostrictive material, provides an inclinometer based on the fiber bragg grating and the magnetostrictive material, and overcomes the defects of low measurement precision, complex operation, weak data transmission capacity and the like of the traditional inclinometer.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an inclinometer based on fiber bragg gratings and magnetostrictive materials comprises a permanent magnet 1, magnetostrictive materials 2, bolts 3, fiber bragg gratings 4, optical fibers 5, a fiber bragg grating demodulator 6, a transverse plate 7, pulleys 8, guide grooves 9 and an inclinometer pipe 10;
the two transverse plates 7 are in a group, and the distance between the two transverse plates is controlled through the bolts 3; the first group of transverse plates 7 and the second group of transverse plates 7 are connected into a whole through bolts 3, and the two transverse plates 7 of the second group of transverse plates 7 are respectively positioned outside the two transverse plates of the first group of transverse plates 7; the permanent magnets 1 are fixed between a first group of transverse plates 7; the middle part of the bolt 3 for connecting the two groups of transverse plates 7 is fixedly connected with the magnetostrictive material 2 to generate a constant magnetic field; the surface of the magnetostrictive material 2 is stuck with a fiber grating 4 for measuring the axial strain of the magnetostrictive material 2; one end of the optical fiber 5 is connected to the optical fiber grating 4, and the other end is connected to the optical fiber grating demodulator 6; the fiber bragg grating demodulator 6 is used for measuring the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material 2; a pair of pulleys 8 are fixed below the first group of transverse plates 7 in a matched manner through bolts 3 and connecting rods and are positioned at the outer sides of the permanent magnets 1; the other pair of pulleys 8 is fixed below the second group of transverse plates 7 through bolts 3 and connecting rods; the inclinometer 10 is of an annular structure, two guide grooves 9 are oppositely formed in the inner pipe wall of the inclinometer, two groups of transverse plates 7 are axially inserted into the inclinometer 10, and two groups of pulleys 8 are respectively embedded into the two guide grooves 9 of the inclinometer 10 to realize sliding in the inclinometer 10;
when the magnetostrictive material 2 generates initial strain, the magnetostrictive material 2 rotates along with the transverse plate 7 at the same inclination angle, and the rotation angle of the inclinometer is determined by measuring the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material 2 through the fiber grating demodulator 6.
Further, the cross plate 7 is an aluminum alloy plate.
Further, the fiber bragg grating 4 is adhered to the surface of the magnetostrictive material 2 by epoxy resin.
Working principle:
when the inclinometer deforms in the soil, the magnetostrictive material rotates to generate a certain inclination angle, the initial magnetic field generates orthogonal decomposition along the axial direction and the radial direction of the magnetostrictive material, the axial strain of the magnetostrictive material changes along with the initial magnetic field, the axial magnetic field intensity of the magnetostrictive material is calculated through a magnetostriction coefficient and magnetic field intensity relation curve of the magnetostrictive material, the rotating angle of the magnetostrictive material is calculated according to the trigonometric function relation of the axial magnetic field of the magnetostrictive material and the initial magnetic field, and finally the rotating angle of the inclinometer is determined.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the advantages of the fiber bragg grating technology and the magnetostrictive material are fully utilized, so that the inclinometer has the advantages of high measurement precision, strong data transmission capability and the like; meanwhile, a plurality of fiber gratings can be connected in series to form a monitoring network, so that real-time monitoring of the internal displacement of the rock-soil body is realized; the displacement value of each monitoring point is calculated by measuring the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material by using the fiber grating demodulator, and the method is simple and convenient to operate and visual in data.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the internal structure of the inclinometer provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the internal structure of the inclinometer provided by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating and magnetostrictive material according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an inclinometer provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of displacement measurement according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 permanent magnets; 2 magnetostrictive material; 3, a bolt; 4, an optical fiber grating; 5 optical fibers; 6, a fiber grating demodulator; 7, a transverse plate; 8 pulleys; 9, guiding grooves; 10 inclinometer.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the technical scheme and the accompanying drawings.
An inclinometer based on fiber bragg gratings and magnetostrictive materials comprises a permanent magnet 1, magnetostrictive materials 2, bolts 3, fiber bragg gratings 4, optical fibers 5, a fiber bragg grating demodulator 6, a transverse plate 7, pulleys 8, guide grooves 9 and an inclinometer pipe 10;
the two transverse plates 7 are in a group, and the distance between the two transverse plates is controlled through the bolts 3; the first group of transverse plates 7 and the second group of transverse plates 7 are connected into a whole through bolts 3, and the two transverse plates 7 of the second group of transverse plates 7 are respectively positioned outside the two transverse plates of the first group of transverse plates 7; the permanent magnets 1 are fixed between a first group of transverse plates 7; the middle part of the bolt 3 for connecting the two groups of transverse plates 7 is fixedly connected with the magnetostrictive material 2 to generate a constant magnetic field; the surface of the magnetostrictive material 2 is stuck with an optical fiber grating 4 by epoxy resin and is used for measuring the axial strain of the magnetostrictive material 2; one end of the optical fiber 5 is connected to the optical fiber grating 4, and the other end is connected to the optical fiber grating demodulator 6; the fiber bragg grating demodulator 6 is used for measuring the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material 2; a pair of pulleys 8 are fixed below the first group of transverse plates 7 in a matched manner through bolts 3 and connecting rods and are positioned at the outer sides of the permanent magnets 1; the other pair of pulleys 8 is fixed below the second group of transverse plates 7 through bolts 3 and connecting rods; the inclinometer 10 is of an annular structure, two guide grooves 9 are oppositely formed in the inner pipe wall of the inclinometer, two groups of transverse plates 7 are axially inserted into the inclinometer 10, and two groups of pulleys 8 are respectively embedded into the two guide grooves 9 of the inclinometer 10 to realize sliding in the inclinometer 10; the transverse plate 7 is an aluminum alloy plate.
The magnetostrictive material 2 refers to a material, the size of which changes due to the change of an externally applied magnetic field, and the magnetostrictive coefficient of which is that:
wherein L is H The length of the magnetostrictive material after the magnetic field strength is changed; l (L) 0 Is the original length of magnetostrictive material.
The magnetostrictive material 2 generates an initial strain delta due to the action of a magnetic field 0 When the inclinometer deforms in the soil, the transverse plates 7 rotate, the magnetostrictive material 2 rotates at the same inclination angle, so that an initial magnetic field is orthogonally decomposed along the axial direction and the radial direction of the magnetostrictive material 2, the strain of the magnetostrictive material 2 is only related to the axial magnetic field, the strain of the surface is changed, the surface strain is measured by the fiber bragg grating demodulator 6, the axial magnetic field intensity of the magnetostrictive material is calculated through a magnetostriction coefficient and magnetic field intensity relation curve of the magnetostrictive material 2, and then the rotation angle of the magnetostrictive material 2 is reversely calculated according to a trigonometric function relation of the axial magnetic field of the magnetostrictive material 2 and the initial magnetic field; therefore, the rotation angle and displacement of the inclinometer can be determined by only measuring the strain of the magnetostrictive material 2.
When the inclinometer is installed on site, drilling is carried out by adopting drilling equipment, the drilling is kept vertical as much as possible, the inclinometer is drilled to the elevation required by design, firstly, the inclinometer 10 is placed in the drilling, then the other parts of the inclinometer are placed in the inclinometer 10 (shown in figure 4) according to the direction of the guide groove 9, and the rotation direction of the inclinometer is consistent with the moving direction of a rock-soil body.
After the installation is completed, when the rock-soil body is deformed, the soil body can squeeze the inclinometer pipe 10, so that the inclinometer pipe 10 and the soil body deform together, and the deformation of the inside of the rock-soil body is considered to be consistent with the deformation of the inclinometer pipe 10. Thereby causing a slight deformation of the optical fiber 5 disposed on the magnetostrictive material 2, causing a change in the reflected wavelength of the fiber grating 4. And then the fiber bragg grating demodulator 6 is used for measuring the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material 2, and the displacement value of each monitoring point, namely the horizontal deformation of the inside of the rock-soil body, is calculated according to the relation between the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material 2 and the rotation angle of the magnetostrictive material (as shown in figure 5).
Claims (3)
1. The inclinometer based on the fiber bragg grating and the magnetostrictive material is characterized by comprising a permanent magnet (1), the magnetostrictive material (2), a bolt (3), a fiber bragg grating (4), an optical fiber (5), a fiber bragg grating demodulator (6), a transverse plate (7), a pulley (8), a guide groove (9) and an inclinometer pipe (10);
the two transverse plates (7) are a group, and the distance between the two transverse plates is controlled by the bolts (3); the first group of transverse plates (7) and the second group of transverse plates (7) are connected into a whole through bolts (3), and the two transverse plates (7) of the second group of transverse plates (7) are respectively positioned outside the two transverse plates of the first group of transverse plates (7); the permanent magnets (1) are fixed between the first group of transverse plates (7); the middle part of the bolt (3) used for connecting the two groups of transverse plates (7) is fixedly connected with the magnetostriction material (2) so as to generate a constant magnetic field; the surface of the magnetostrictive material (2) is stuck with a fiber grating (4) for measuring the axial strain of the magnetostrictive material (2); one end of the optical fiber (5) is connected to the optical fiber grating (4), and the other end of the optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber grating demodulator (6); the fiber bragg grating demodulator (6) is used for measuring the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material (2); a pair of pulleys (8) are fixed below the first group of transverse plates (7) in a matched manner through bolts (3) and connecting rods and are positioned at the outer sides of the permanent magnets (1); the other pair of pulleys (8) is fixed below the second group of transverse plates (7) through bolts (3) and connecting rods; the inclined tube (10) is of an annular structure, two guide grooves (9) are oppositely formed in the inner tube wall of the inclined tube, two groups of transverse plates (7) are axially inserted into the inclined tube (10), and two pairs of pulleys (8) are respectively embedded into the two guide grooves (9) of the inclined tube (10) to realize sliding in the inclined tube (10);
when the magnetostrictive material (2) generates initial strain, the magnetostrictive material (2) rotates along with the transverse plate (7) at the same inclination angle, and the rotation angle of the inclinometer is determined by measuring the surface strain value of the magnetostrictive material (2) through the fiber grating demodulator (6).
2. Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse plate (7) is an aluminium alloy plate.
3. Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fiber bragg grating (4) is glued on the surface of magnetostrictive material (2) by means of epoxy resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910401226.5A CN110095092B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910401226.5A CN110095092B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110095092A CN110095092A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
| CN110095092B true CN110095092B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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| CN201910401226.5A Active CN110095092B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111044198A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-21 | 大连理工大学 | Magneto-elastic cable force sensor of fiber grating |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103256894A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-21 | 西安科技大学 | Fiber grating two-dimensional displacement monitor and method to monitor displacement |
| CN104279986A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-01-14 | 昆明理工大学 | Piston type hydrargyrum optical fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor and using method thereof |
| CN108180841A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-19 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of landslide internal displacement monitoring method based on fiber grating |
| CN207515737U (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-19 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of fiber bragg grating inclinometer |
| CN209745240U (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-12-06 | 大连理工大学 | Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8180185B2 (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2012-05-15 | General Electric Company | Fiber optic sensor for detecting multiple parameters in a harsh environment |
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- 2019-05-15 CN CN201910401226.5A patent/CN110095092B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103256894A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-21 | 西安科技大学 | Fiber grating two-dimensional displacement monitor and method to monitor displacement |
| CN104279986A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-01-14 | 昆明理工大学 | Piston type hydrargyrum optical fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor and using method thereof |
| CN207515737U (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-19 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of fiber bragg grating inclinometer |
| CN108180841A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-19 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of landslide internal displacement monitoring method based on fiber grating |
| CN209745240U (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-12-06 | 大连理工大学 | Inclinometer based on fiber bragg grating and magnetostrictive material |
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