CN110093601A - A kind of method and device of the real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating and feedback - Google Patents
A kind of method and device of the real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating and feedback Download PDFInfo
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- CN110093601A CN110093601A CN201910470166.2A CN201910470166A CN110093601A CN 110093601 A CN110093601 A CN 110093601A CN 201910470166 A CN201910470166 A CN 201910470166A CN 110093601 A CN110093601 A CN 110093601A
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- laser
- cladding
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- displacement sensor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The present invention relates to laser melting and coating technique field, a kind of real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating and feedback method and device are particularly disclosed.The method of the real-time thickness measuring of the laser melting coating and feedback, it is characterized by: installing laser displacement sensor near laser Machining head, and it is allowed to servo-actuated with laser Machining head, the measurement laser of laser displacement sensor is vertical with the laser cladding layer of workpiece, and lap-joint on same circular arc and close to two laser cladding layers is arranged in molten bath in the measurement point for measuring laser；Laser displacement sensor measures the height of cladding layer, and measured value is fed back to controller, and controller completes calculating, display and the feedback of numerical value, and then controls the cladding parameter of laser Machining head, meets the requirements final size.The present invention adjusts laser processing parameter by closed-loop control, accurate to control cladding layer thickness, reduces manual measurement error, reduces powder waste, effectively promotes cladding efficiency and processing product qualified rate.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to laser melting and coating technique field, in particular to the real-time thickness measuring of a kind of laser melting coating and feedback method and device.
(2) background technique
Laser melting coating (Laser Cladding) is also known as laser cladding or laser cladding, is a kind of new process for modifying surface.It
By adding cladding material in substrate surface, and the consolidation together with substrate surface thin layer is allowed to using the laser beam of high-energy-density
Method forms the cladding layer with it for metallurgical bonding in substrate surface.The laser melting coating process for treating surface novel as one kind,
It has been widely used in construction machinery production and has remanufactured field.
About the application of laser cladding coating thickness measurement technique, application No. is 201810766782.8, patent name is
" a kind of laser melting coating closed loop control method based on stereoscopic vision ", the opposite sides disclosed in laser installs one respectively
The CCD of control system connection and synchronizing moving, demarcates two CCD, when obtaining laser cladding in real time by two CCD
Molten bath modified-image, then compared using control system and preset standard molten bath shaping layer shape, and according to error
Laser power or defocusing amount are adjusted, realizes the control to cladding layer size and quality.
Above-mentioned control technology measuring accuracy is higher, but laser melting coating, which is one, is excited optical power, powder, matrix characteristics
The process of equal multifactor impacts, in actual complex industrial production environment, capturing crater image will receive factors
Interference, is easily blocked, and molten bath ambient temperature is higher and there are more dust, runs to the long-time high-temperature stable of CCD
It also has higher requirements with lens cleaning；In addition, CCD camera higher cost, increases equipment cost, and calibration process is complex,
There is also certain limitations in large-scale industrial application.
Currently, mostly use manual measurement greatly in axis class laser melting coating actual production, that is, use clamp card workpiece outer diameter,
The mode measured size on ruler again, this mode is easy to operate, almost without equipment cost, but be affected by human factors compared with
Greatly, Different Individual differs greatly because being accustomed to measurement results different with feel, and accuracy to size is low.In addition, some large-scale workpieces
Local cladding manual measurement difficulty is big, and some shaped faces are even unable to measure, experience can only be leaned on to estimate coating layer thickness.
(3) summary of the invention
In order to compensate for the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of laser simple and easy, at low cost, that measurement accuracy is high is molten
Cover the method and device of real-time thickness measuring and feedback.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The method of a kind of real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating and feedback, it is characterised in that: laser displacement is installed near laser Machining head
Sensor, and it is allowed to servo-actuated with laser Machining head, the measurement laser of laser displacement sensor is vertical with the laser cladding layer of workpiece,
The lap-joint with molten bath on same circular arc and close to two laser cladding layers is arranged in the measurement point of measurement laser；Laser displacement
The height of sensor measurement cladding layer, and measured value is fed back to controller, controller complete the calculating of numerical value, display and anti-
Feedback, and then laser melting coating parameter is controlled, meet the requirements final size.
Present invention is mainly applied in laser melting coating process and processing after coating thickness measurement, and with lathe, powder feeding
Device, laser etc. are integrated, real-time monitoring laser processing parameter, it is ensured that coating layer thickness reaches processing dimension requirement, promotes cladding effect
Rate and processing product qualified rate, solve the problems, such as that thickness measure is inaccurate in laser melting coating process or is unable to measure.
More excellent technical solution of the invention are as follows:
The laser measurement point of the laser displacement sensor at 2-10mm, realizes laser melting coating Large area coatings size behind molten bath
Accurate control.
The controller acquires measurement data by control unit, calculates cladding thickness by linguistic algorithms such as Labview
Degree, and actual (real) thickness data are compared with preset thickness, corresponding adjustment instruction is fed back to the powder feeding of laser cladding equipment
Device or laser show cladding layer thickness data over the display.
The laser displacement sensor is diffusion reflection pattern digital display laser displacement sensor；Laser displacement sensor measurement essence
Degree is high, and fast response time, measurement is cladding layer, can accurate reactive cladding thickness degree, compared with the means such as CCD, by dry
The factor disturbed is few, measures more stable, efficient.
The THICKNESS CALCULATION method of described control unit is that determining default cladding layer is having a size of a, laser position when measuring non-cladding
Displacement sensor reading is b, then under the premise of meeting pre-set dimension, registration c=b-a of laser displacement sensor, using c as standard
Numerical value is demarcated, laser displacement sensor measurement cladding layer when numerical value show as d, then practical cladding layer thickness with preset
Difference e=c-d of thickness, by linguistic algorithms such as Labview, real-time computed altitude difference e, the error range that setting difference in height e allows
≤ 0.3mm, control unit completes the display and feedback of numerical value e, and then controls cladding parameter.
The cladding parameter includes the powder sending quantity of powder feeder, laser melting coating speed, laser power.
Realize the device of the method for the real-time thickness measuring of above-mentioned laser melting coating and feedback, the laser processing including laser cladding apparatus
Head and corresponding workpiece, the laser Machining head are nearby equipped with laser displacement sensor servo-actuated therewith, laser position
Displacement sensor connects the powder feeder of laser cladding apparatus and laser cladding apparatus by wire connection controller, controller；Laser
The laser of displacement sensor is vertical with the cladding layer on workpiece.
The controller includes control unit and display.
Manual measurement means precision is low, error is big, sometimes in order to guarantee following process surplus, conscious can be promoted molten
Coating thickness virtually increases powder dosage, causes the waste of powder, real-time thickness measuring of the invention and feedback device, shape
At a whole set of closed-loop system, guarantees that cladding layer thickness is consistent with pre-set dimension, powder is avoided to waste and because machining allowance deficiency causes
Secondary operation.
Can have through the invention for laser cladding coating thickness still without accurate online nondestructive measurement means at present
Effect control cladding layer thickness, guarantees parametric stability, and then guarantee product quality.
Present device is at low cost, is suitable for industrial production, and measurement is difference in height, low to workpiece shapes requirement, can answer
The measurement of the different shape workpiece cladding layer size big for various manual measurement difficulty.
Package unit of the present invention can split utilization, and in some interim applications, it is aobvious to carry numerical value using sensor
Show, computed altitude is poor after artificial reading numerical values, as the reference of machined parameters adjustment, is applicable in cladding, otherness product on site
Processing etc..
The present invention adjusts laser processing parameter by closed-loop control, accurate to control cladding layer thickness, reduces manual measurement and misses
Difference, reduces powder waste, effectively promotes cladding efficiency and processing product qualified rate.
(4) Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the method for the present invention.
In figure, 1 laser Machining head, 2 laser displacement sensors, 3 workpiece, 4 laser cladding layers, 5 controllers, 6 powder feeders, 7
Control unit, 8 displays.
(5) specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below.
As shown in Fig. 1, apparatus of the present invention include a laser displacement sensor 2 and controller 5, laser displacement sensor
2 are mounted near laser Machining head 1, and are servo-actuated therewith, and the measurement laser of laser displacement sensor 2 is vertical with laser cladding layer 4, are
Guarantee that measurement position is the low spot of laser cladding layer 4, measurement point setting is on a same circular arc and two close with molten bath
The lap-joint of laser cladding layer 4.
Laser displacement sensor 2 is diffusion reflection pattern digital display laser displacement sensor, and main function is measurement height, is based on
Principle of triangulation can radiate on a laser line segment to object, receive diffusing reflection projection by CMOS photosensitive element, obtain
Measured value is fed back to controller 5 by the height of all the points on line segment；
Controller 5 contains control unit 7 and display 8.
The effect of control unit 7 is acquisition measurement data, and control unit 7 can be PLC, be also possible to embedded micro process
Device etc. calculates cladding layer thickness by Labview language scheduling algorithm, and actual (real) thickness data is compared with preset thickness,
Corresponding adjustment instruction is fed back to the powder feeder 6 of laser cladding equipment, powder sending quantity is changed with this, and then change laser cladding layer 4
Thickness.Be not limited to powder feeder 6 herein, the machined parameters of remaining changeable 4 thickness of laser cladding layer can also, such as pass through feedback
To lathe, perhaps cladding speed is accelerated or reduced to the motion control units such as manipulator.
The THICKNESS CALCULATION thought of control unit 7: determining default laser cladding layer 4 is having a size of a, laser position when measuring non-cladding
The reading of displacement sensor 2 is b, then under the premise of meeting pre-set dimension, registration c=b-a of laser displacement sensor 2, using c as mark
Quasi- numerical value is demarcated, and numerical value when laser displacement sensor 2 measures laser cladding layer 4, which is shown, is denoted as d, then practical laser cladding
Difference e=c-d of layer 4 thickness and preset thickness, by Labview language scheduling algorithm, difference in height e is arranged in real-time computed altitude difference e
The error range of permission is≤0.3mm, and control unit 7 completes the display and feedback of numerical value e, and then controls powder sending quantity, cladding speed
The claddings parameter such as degree, laser power, meets the requirements final size.
Display 8 is exactly to show 4 thickness data of laser cladding layer, convenient for observation.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a kind of real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating and feedback, it is characterised in that: install laser position near laser Machining head
Displacement sensor, and it is allowed to servo-actuated with laser Machining head, the measurement laser of laser displacement sensor and the laser cladding layer of workpiece hang down
Directly, lap-joint on same circular arc and close to two laser cladding layers is arranged in molten bath in the measurement point for measuring laser；Laser
The height of displacement sensor cladding layer, and measured value is fed back into controller, controller complete the calculating of numerical value, display and
Feedback, and then laser melting coating parameter is controlled, meet the requirements final size.
2. the method for the real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating according to claim 1 and feedback, it is characterised in that: the laser displacement
The laser measurement point of sensor is behind molten bath at 2-10mm.
3. the method for the real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating according to claim 1 and feedback, it is characterised in that: the controller is logical
Control unit acquisition measurement data is crossed, cladding layer thickness is calculated by Labview linguistic algorithm, and by actual (real) thickness data and in advance
If thickness is compared, corresponding adjustment instruction is fed back to the powder feeder or laser of laser cladding equipment, by cladding thickness
Degree evidence is shown over the display.
4. the method for the real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating according to claim 1 and feedback, it is characterised in that: the laser displacement
Sensor is diffusion reflection pattern digital display laser displacement sensor.
5. the real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating according to claim 1 and feedback method, it is characterised in that: described control unit
THICKNESS CALCULATION method is to determine default cladding layer having a size of a, and laser displacement sensor reading is b when measuring non-cladding, then meets
Under the premise of pre-set dimension, registration c=b-a of laser displacement sensor is demarcated c as standard figures, and laser displacement passes
Numerical value when sensor measures cladding layer shows that then difference e=c-d of practical cladding layer thickness and preset thickness, passes through Ji Wei d
Labview linguistic algorithm, real-time computed altitude difference e, error range≤0.3mm that setting difference in height e allows, control unit are completed
The display and feedback of numerical value e, and then control cladding parameter.
6. the method for the real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating according to claim 1 and feedback, it is characterised in that: the cladding parameter
Powder sending quantity, laser melting coating speed, laser power including powder feeder.
7. realizing the device of the method for the real-time thickness measuring of laser melting coating described in claim 1 and feedback, including laser cladding apparatus
Laser Machining head (1) and corresponding workpiece (3), it is characterised in that: the laser Machining head (1) nearby be equipped with
Servo-actuated laser displacement sensor (2), laser displacement senses (2) device by wire connection controller (5), and controller (5) is even
Connect the powder feeder (6) of laser cladding apparatus and laser cladding apparatus；On the laser of laser displacement sensor (2) and workpiece (3)
Laser cladding layer (4) is vertical.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the controller (5) includes control unit (7) and display
(8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910470166.2A CN110093601B (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Method and device for laser cladding real-time thickness measurement and feedback |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910470166.2A CN110093601B (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Method and device for laser cladding real-time thickness measurement and feedback |
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| CN110093601A true CN110093601A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
| CN110093601B CN110093601B (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110408925A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-05 | 山东大学 | The highly dynamic adjusting method of laser melting coating lathe laser head, apparatus and system |
| CN111060026A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 天津镭明激光科技有限公司 | Method for detecting cladding quality based on laser displacement sensor coaxial powder feeding equipment |
| US11179805B2 (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2021-11-23 | Shandong University | Method for controlling overlapping of laser cladding, and method and system for dynamically adjusting height of laser head |
| CN113909501A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-11 | 沈阳精合数控科技开发有限公司 | Thickness monitoring device and adjusting method of laser deposition layer and laser deposition equipment |
| CN114192809A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-18 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for correcting flatness of cladding layer based on three-dimensional imaging laser radar |
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| CN114192809A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-18 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for correcting flatness of cladding layer based on three-dimensional imaging laser radar |
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