CN110091248B - Automatic grinding and polishing device and environment-friendly grinding method for multifunctional metallographic experimental part - Google Patents
Automatic grinding and polishing device and environment-friendly grinding method for multifunctional metallographic experimental part Download PDFInfo
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- CN110091248B CN110091248B CN201910362009.XA CN201910362009A CN110091248B CN 110091248 B CN110091248 B CN 110091248B CN 201910362009 A CN201910362009 A CN 201910362009A CN 110091248 B CN110091248 B CN 110091248B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/07—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool
- B24B37/10—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool for single side lapping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/27—Work carriers
- B24B37/30—Work carriers for single side lapping of plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
- B24B37/345—Feeding, loading or unloading work specially adapted to lapping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/06—Dust extraction equipment on grinding or polishing machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic grinding and polishing device for a multifunctional metallographic experimental part and an environment-friendly grinding method. The device comprises a clamp A, a bottom plate, a slide bar, a screw rod, a clamp B, an installation flat plate and a stepping motor. The automatic grinding device can effectively ensure the grinding quality of metallographic experimental pieces, can meet the requirements of grinding test pieces with different sizes and thicknesses or grinding various test pieces simultaneously, improves the working efficiency, reduces the working strength and reduces the influence of human factors on the grinding quality. The device has the characteristics of no need of embedding and water spraying devices, and has the characteristics of green and environment-friendly property when grinding samples.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical devices, and relates to an automatic grinding device for metallographic experimental parts, an assembly process and a use method.
Background
In the production, microscopic information such as a metallographic structure evolution rule, a grain size and the like of the material has important significance for grasping the quality and the reliability of the material. And researching the number, size, distribution and morphology of metallographic structures of the material, and grinding a plurality of groups of metallographic experimental parts. Currently, metallographic grinding mainly comprises two modes of manual grinding and machine grinding. The manual grinding has the advantages that as the operation workload is large, only one test piece can be ground at a time, the efficiency is low, the grinding quality depends on human factors, and the uniform grinding quality of each metallographic experimental piece cannot be ensured, so that the observation effect of metallographic structures is influenced; the purchase cost of the existing machine grinding equipment is high, complete auxiliary equipment such as an embedding machine and a cutting machine are also needed for grinding the sheet sample, embedding powder is also needed to be used in the preparation of the test piece, consumable consumption exists, the environment is not protected enough, the test piece is slightly large in size, embedding is difficult to be carried out, and the application range is limited. Therefore, development of an automatic metallographic experimental part grinding device which is good in adaptability, high in efficiency, strong in stability, free of inlaying and environment-friendly is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic grinding and polishing device for a metallographic experimental part, which is characterized by comprising a clamp A, a bottom plate, a slide bar, a screw rod, a clamp B, a mounting flat plate and a stepping motor.
The stepping motor, the two bearing seats and the four vertical plates are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The four vertical plates support two sliding rods which are parallel to each other. A screw rod is arranged between the two slide bars. Bearings supported by bearing seats are arranged at two ends of the screw rod. One end of the screw rod penetrates through the inner ring of the bearing and then is connected with the motor. And (5) paving sand paper on the upper surface of the bottom plate.
The mounting plate is supported above the bottom plate by two sliding rods. The screw nut of the screw is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate. The lower surface of the mounting flat plate is also provided with two sliding blocks matched with the sliding rods.
The mounting plate has a mounting hole penetrating the upper and lower surfaces thereof. The mounting holes are used for mounting the clamp A.
The clamp A comprises an internal thread shaft sleeve, an external thread shaft sleeve, a hollow optical axis, a spiral spring and a movable chuck. The external thread shaft sleeve and the internal thread shaft sleeve are hollow cylinders with upper and lower openings. The lower end of the internal thread shaft sleeve is opened and screwed into the upper end of the external thread shaft sleeve through threads. The external thread shaft sleeve is fixed with the mounting flat plate. The hollow optical axis is a hollow cylinder with upper and lower openings. The upper end of the hollow optical axis extends into the hollow optical axis from the lower end opening of the external thread shaft sleeve and is connected with a round upper cover plate. The spiral spring is sleeved on the hollow optical axis, the lower end of the spiral spring is contacted with the upper end of the external thread shaft sleeve, and the upper end of the spiral spring is contacted with the upper cover plate. The upper cover plate is limited in the inner thread shaft sleeve. The upper end of the movable chuck is connected with the lower end of the hollow optical axis. The lower end of the movable clamping head is provided with a strip-shaped groove, and two sides of the strip-shaped groove are groove walls. The side wall of the movable chuck is provided with a threaded hole I penetrating to one groove wall of the strip-shaped groove. The clamping screw is screwed into the threaded hole I.
And one side of the mounting plate is provided with the clamp B.
The clamp B comprises a movable clamp plate I, a clamping screw, a movable clamp plate II and a supporting base. The support base is an L-shaped plate with an inverted L-shaped section, one plate surface of the support base is connected to the upper surface of the installation plate, and the other plate surface of the support base is connected with the movable clamping plate II. The movable clamp plate I is connected to a side plate surface of the movable clamp plate II, which is opposite to the mounting plate, through a clamping screw.
Further, the upper cover plate is connected with the upper end of the hollow optical axis through a screw I.
The upper end of the internal thread shaft sleeve is connected with a plurality of limiting blocks through bolts II. The limiting block is blocked above the upper cover plate.
Further, the upper end of the movable clamp is a boss embedded into the lower end of the hollow optical axis. The side wall of the boss is uniformly provided with four hemispherical grooves. The side wall of the hollow optical axis is provided with a threaded through hole. And a ball plunger is inserted into the threaded through hole. One end of the ball plunger enters the hemispherical groove, so that the movable chuck is connected with the hollow optical axis.
Further, the outer side wall of the hollow optical axis is provided with a strip-shaped guide groove perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The lower end of the bottom plate is connected with a guide rod. One end of the guide rod is arranged in the strip-shaped guide groove.
Further, the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with at least two sand paper clamps.
Further, a horizontal plate of the supporting base is provided with a strip-shaped groove I. After penetrating through the through hole and the strip-shaped groove I of the mounting flat plate, the locking bolt is screwed into the nut to lock the supporting base and the mounting flat plate.
The vertical plate of the supporting base is provided with a strip-shaped groove II. After the locking screw is inserted into the bar-shaped groove II, the locking screw is screwed into the threaded hole on the movable clamping plate II so as to lock the movable clamping plate II and the supporting base.
Further, the water spraying device is fixed on the installation flat plate. Two spray pipes of the water spraying device are respectively positioned on the side surfaces of the clamp A and the clamp B.
The invention also discloses an automatic grinding and polishing method for the metallographic experimental part based on the device, which is characterized in that:
preparing a metallographic experimental part A and/or a metallographic experimental part B
The metallographic experimental part A is a sheet sample or a square sample.
The metallographic experimental part B is a sheet sample.
And (2) firstly, fixing the sand paper on the upper surface of the base.
And 3, installing a metallographic experimental part.
And placing the metallographic experimental part A, changing the expansion and contraction amount of the metallographic experimental part A by rotating the clamping screw, realizing the clamping process of the metallographic experimental part A, and rotating the internal thread shaft sleeve to enable the metallographic experimental part A to be tightly attached to the abrasive paper.
And placing the metallographic experimental part B, changing the expansion and contraction amount of the metallographic experimental part B by rotating the clamping screw, realizing the clamping process of the metallographic experimental part B, and adjusting the movable clamping plate II to enable the metallographic experimental part B to be tightly attached to the abrasive paper.
And 4, pressing a start button, and realizing forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor through control of the driver, wherein the stepping motor drives the screw rod to rotate so as to realize reciprocating motion of the upper plate.
The movable chuck can rotate along the inner wall of the optical axis, and hemispherical grooves are formed in the outer surface of the movable chuck at intervals of 90 degrees, so that the indexing and positioning effects can be realized rapidly.
And (6) unloading the fixture to observe the grinding surface, and sequentially replacing different sand papers, and repeating the steps 4 and 5 until the grinding requirement is met.
And 7, after the grinding reaches the requirement, replacing the polishing cloth according to the method of 6, repeating the processes of 4 and 5 until the end face of the test piece reaches the metallographic polishing requirement, and detaching the test piece for subsequent metallographic corrosion and observation.
Further, two fixed travel switches are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The two travel switches are respectively positioned at two sides of the screw nut. In step 4, each time the spindle nut touches the travel switch, a signal is given to the stepper motor in the opposite direction.
The technical effects of the invention are undoubted:
1. the automatic grinding device can effectively ensure the grinding quality of metallographic experimental pieces, can meet the requirements of grinding test pieces with different sizes and thicknesses or grinding various test pieces simultaneously, improves the working efficiency, reduces the working strength and reduces the influence of human factors on the grinding quality;
2. all parts of the assembly structure design of the grinding device are based on modularized design, parts in all the devices have good interchangeability, adjustability and low cost, and the whole grinding device is made of high-strength stainless steel materials, so that the strength, the rigidity and the stability of the grinding device can be ensured, and the service life of the device is greatly prolonged;
3. the grinding device is provided with the water spraying device, can effectively reduce PM2.5 dust in the grinding or polishing process, has environment-friendly working environment, and is beneficial to improving the utilization efficiency of the water sand paper;
4. in the aspect of the grinding process, the device changes the traditional single-direction grinding thought, can index and adjust the circumferential position of a metallographic experimental part, and can realize the grinding process of textures in different directions by one-time clamping;
5. for grinding small-size or thin plate test pieces, the embedded powder material and the processing time are saved without embedding and reprocessing, and the environment-friendly effect of green material saving is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the clamp A of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the clamping of the metallographic experimental part in the clamp A;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the clamp B.
In the figure: clamp a (1), clamping screw (101), hollow optical axis (102), bar guide groove (1021), through hole (1022), external thread sleeve (103), upper cover plate (104), screw I (1041), coil spring (105), internal thread sleeve (106), ball plunger (107), moving chuck (108), hemispherical groove (1081), bar groove (1082), threaded hole I (1083), boss (1084), stopper (109), screw II (1091), bottom plate (2), sandpaper clamp (201), vertical plate (202), bearing seat (203), slide bar (3), screw rod (4), screw rod (401), screw nut (402), clamp B (5), moving clamp plate I (501), clamping screw (502), moving clamp plate II (503), threaded hole II (5031), support base (504), bar groove I (5041), locking bolt (505), locking screw (506), slot II (5061), water spray device (6), mounting plate (7), slide block (1083), mounting hole (702), travel switch (8), coupler (9), stepper motor (10), metallographic experiment piece a (13), metallographic test piece B (14).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations are made according to the ordinary skill and familiar means of the art without departing from the technical spirit of the invention, and all such substitutions and alterations are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the automatic grinding and polishing device for the metallographic experimental part is characterized by comprising a clamp A1, a bottom plate 2, a slide rod 3, a screw 4, a clamp B5, a mounting flat plate 7 and a stepping motor 10.
The stepping motor 10, two bearing seats 203 and four vertical plates 202 are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 2. The four risers 202 support two slide bars 3 parallel to each other. A screw rod 4 is arranged between the two slide bars 3. Bearings supported by the bearing seats 203 are mounted at both ends of the screw 4. One end of the screw rod 4 passes through the inner ring of the bearing and is connected with the rotating shaft of the stepping motor 10 through a coupler. The upper surface of the bottom plate 2 is paved with sand paper.
The mounting plate 7 is supported above the base plate 2 by two slide bars 3. The screw nut 402 of the screw 4 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate 7. The lower surface of the mounting plate 7 is also provided with two sliding blocks 701 which are matched with the sliding rods 3.
The mounting plate 7 has a mounting hole 702 penetrating its upper and lower surfaces. The mounting hole 702 is used for mounting the fixture A1.
The clamp A1 includes an internally threaded sleeve 106, an externally threaded sleeve 103, a hollow optical axis 102, a coil spring 105, and a movable chuck 108. The external thread bushing 103 and the internal thread bushing 106 are hollow cylinders with upper and lower openings. The lower end of the internal thread shaft sleeve 106 is opened and screwed into the upper end of the external thread shaft sleeve 103. The externally threaded shaft sleeve 103 is fixed with the mounting plate 7 by bolts. The hollow optical axis 102 is a hollow cylinder that is open up and down. The upper end of the hollow optical axis 102 extends into the lower end of the external thread shaft sleeve 103 from the opening, and is connected with a round upper cover plate 104 through bolts. The coil spring 105 is sleeved on the hollow optical axis 102, the lower end of the coil spring is contacted with the upper end of the external thread shaft sleeve 103, and the upper end of the coil spring is contacted with the upper cover plate 104. The upper cover plate 104 is retained within an internally threaded sleeve 106. The upper end of the movable chuck 108 is connected to the lower end of the hollow optical axis 102. The lower end of the movable clamp 108 is provided with a bar-shaped groove 1082, and two sides of the bar-shaped groove 1082 are groove walls. The side wall of the movable clamp 108 has a threaded bore I1083 extending through to one of the slot walls of the slot 1082. The clamping screw 101 is screwed into the threaded hole I1083. In use, after the clamping screw 101 is screwed into the bar-shaped groove 1082, the clamping screw is abutted against the block-shaped or sheet-shaped metallographic experimental part A13 on the other groove wall of the bar-shaped groove 1082.
The clamp B5 is mounted on one side of the mounting plate 7.
The clamp B5 includes a movable clamp plate I501, a clamping screw 502, a movable clamp plate II503, and a support base 504. The supporting base 504 is an L-shaped plate with an inverted L-shaped section, one plate surface of the L-shaped plate is connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate 7, and the other plate surface of the L-shaped plate is connected to the movable clamping plate II503. The movable clamp plate I501 is connected to a side plate surface of the movable clamp plate II503, which is opposite to the mounting plate 7, through a clamping screw 502. When the clamping device is used, the metallographic experimental part B14 is clamped between the movable clamping plate I501 and the movable clamping plate II503.
Example 2:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and further, the upper cover plate 104 is connected to the upper end of the hollow optical axis 102 by a screw I1041.
The upper end of the internal thread shaft sleeve 106 is connected with two limiting blocks 109 through a screw II 1091. The limiting block 109 is blocked above the upper cover plate 104.
The upper end of the movable clamp 108 is a boss 1084 embedded in the lower end of the hollow optical axis 102. Four hemispherical grooves 1081 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the boss 1084. The side wall of the hollow optical axis 102 has a threaded through hole 1022. The threaded through hole 1022 is inserted with the ball plunger 107. One end of the ball plunger 107 enters the hemispherical recess 1081, thereby connecting the movable clamp 108 and the hollow optical axis 102 together.
The outer side wall of the hollow optical axis 102 is provided with a strip-shaped guide groove 1021 perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The installation hole of the installation flat plate 7 is internally provided with a guide key. When the hollow optical axis 102 moves up and down, the guide key slides in the strip-shaped guide groove 1021 to realize the guide.
The upper surface of the base plate 2 is provided with two sand paper clips 201.
The horizontal plate of the support base 504 has a bar-shaped groove I5041 thereon. After the locking bolt 505 is inserted into the through hole of the mounting plate 7 and the bar-shaped groove I5041, a nut is screwed in to lock the support base 504 and the mounting plate 7.
The vertical plate of the support base 504 has a bar-shaped groove II5061 thereon. After the locking screw 506 is inserted into the bar-shaped groove II5061, it is screwed into the threaded hole of the movable clamp plate II503 to lock the movable clamp plate II503 and the support base 504.
The water spraying device 6 is fixed on the mounting flat plate 7. Two spray pipes of the water spraying device 6 are respectively positioned on the side surfaces of the clamp A1 and the clamp B5.
Example 3:
the embodiment discloses an environment-friendly grinding method for metallographic experiment pieces based on the device described in the embodiment 2, which is characterized in that:
preparing a metallographic experimental part A13 and/or a metallographic experimental part B14
The metallographic experimental part A13 is a sheet sample or a square sample.
The metallographic experimental part B14 is a sheet sample.
First, 300# sand paper is fixed on the upper surface of the base 2, and the flatness of the sand paper is ensured, and no wrinkles are generated.
And 3, installing a metallographic experimental part.
The metallographic experimental part A is placed, the stretching amount of the metallographic experimental part A is changed by rotating the clamping screw 101, the clamping process of the metallographic experimental part A is realized, and the external thread shaft sleeve is rotated, so that the metallographic experimental part A is tightly attached to sand paper.
And the metallographic experimental part B is placed, the expansion and contraction amount of the metallographic experimental part B is changed by rotating the clamping screw 502, the clamping process of the metallographic experimental part B is realized, the movable clamping plate II is adjusted, and the metallographic experimental part B is tightly attached to sand paper.
And 4, pressing a start button, and controlling the stepping motor to rotate forward and backward by a driver, wherein the motor drives the screw rod to enable the upper plate to reciprocate.
The movable chuck can rotate along the inner wall of the optical axis, and hemispherical grooves are formed in the outer surface of the movable chuck at intervals of 90 degrees, so that the indexing and positioning effects can be realized rapidly.
Observing the grinding surface, sequentially replacing different sand paper (No. 600, no. 800, no. 1000, no. 1300, no. 1600 and No. 2000), and repeating the steps 4 and 5 until the grinding requirement is met. When the sand paper is replaced, the machine is stopped, and the limiting block 109 above the internal thread shaft sleeve 106 is rotated, so that the movable clamping head 108 is lifted by the spring 105 to a certain height.
And 7, after the grinding reaches the requirement, replacing the polishing cloth according to the method of 6, repeating the processes of 4 and 5 until the end face of the test piece reaches the metallographic polishing requirement, and detaching the test piece for subsequent metallographic corrosion and observation.
Example 4:
the main steps of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 3, and two fixed travel switches 8 are further disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 2. Two travel switches 8 are respectively located on both sides of the screw nut 402.
In step 4, each time the spindle nut 402 touches the travel switch 8, a signal is given to the stepper motor in the opposite direction.
And in the grinding process, the water spraying device automatically sprays water onto the test piece through the pinhole slot of the conveying pipe under the action of gravity.
Claims (7)
1. The automatic grinding and polishing device for the metallographic experimental part is characterized by comprising a clamp A (1), a bottom plate (2), a slide bar (3), a screw rod (4), a clamp B (5), an installation flat plate (7) and a stepping motor (10);
the stepping motor (10), two bearing seats (203) and four vertical plates (202) are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate (2); the four vertical plates (202) support two sliding rods (3) which are parallel to each other; a screw rod (4) is arranged between the two slide bars (3); bearings supported by bearing seats (203) are arranged at two ends of the screw rod (4); one end of the screw rod (4) penetrates through the inner ring of the bearing and then is connected with a stepping motor (10); the upper surface of the bottom plate (2) is paved with sand paper;
the mounting flat plate (7) is supported above the bottom plate (2) by two sliding rods (3); the screw nut (402) of the screw (4) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate (7); the lower surface of the mounting flat plate (7) is also provided with two sliding blocks (701) matched with the sliding rod (3);
the mounting plate (7) is provided with a mounting hole (702) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the mounting plate; the mounting hole (702) is used for mounting the clamp A (1);
the clamp A (1) comprises an inner threaded shaft sleeve (106), an outer threaded shaft sleeve (103), a hollow optical axis (102), a spiral spring (105) and a movable chuck (108); the external thread shaft sleeve (103) and the internal thread shaft sleeve (106) are hollow cylinders with upper and lower openings; the lower end opening of the internal thread shaft sleeve (106) is screwed into the upper end of the external thread shaft sleeve (103) through threads; the external thread shaft sleeve (103) is fixed with the mounting flat plate (7); the hollow optical axis (102) is a hollow cylinder with an upper opening and a lower opening; the upper end of the hollow optical axis (102) extends into the hollow optical axis from the lower end opening of the external thread shaft sleeve (103) and is connected with a round upper cover plate (104), and the upper cover plate (104) is connected with the upper end of the hollow optical axis (102) through a screw I (1041); the spiral spring (105) is sleeved on the hollow optical axis (102), the lower end of the spiral spring is contacted with the upper end of the external thread shaft sleeve (103), and the upper end of the spiral spring is contacted with the upper cover plate (104); the upper cover plate (104) is limited in the internal thread shaft sleeve (106); the upper end of the internal thread shaft sleeve (106) is connected with a plurality of limiting blocks (109) through bolts II (1091); the limiting block (109) is blocked above the upper cover plate (104);
the upper end of the movable clamp head (108) is connected to the lower end of the hollow optical axis (102); the upper end of the movable clamp head (108) is a boss (1084) embedded into the lower end of the hollow optical axis (102); four hemispherical grooves (1081) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the boss (1084); the side wall of the hollow optical axis (102) is provided with a threaded through hole (1022); the threaded through hole (1022) is inserted with a ball plunger (107); the lower end of the movable clamp head (108) is provided with a strip-shaped groove (1082), and groove walls are arranged on two sides of the strip-shaped groove (1082); a threaded hole I (1083) penetrating through the side wall of one side of the movable clamp head (108); rotating a clamping screw (101) into the threaded hole I (1083);
one side of the mounting plate (7) is provided with the clamp B (5);
the clamp B (5) comprises a movable clamping plate I (501), a clamping screw (502), a movable clamping plate II (503) and a supporting base (504); the supporting base (504) is an L-shaped plate with an inverted L-shaped section, one plate surface of the L-shaped plate is connected to the upper surface of the mounting flat plate (7), and the other plate surface of the L-shaped plate is connected with the movable clamping plate II (503); the movable clamp plate I (501) is connected to a side plate surface of the movable clamp plate II (503) opposite to the mounting plate (7) through a clamping screw (502); when in use, the metallographic experimental part B (14) is clamped between the movable clamping plate I (501) and the movable clamping plate II (503).
2. The automatic grinding and polishing device for metallographic test pieces according to claim 1, wherein: the outer side wall of the hollow optical axis (102) is provided with a strip-shaped guide groove (1021) perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the lower end of the bottom plate (2) is connected with a guide rod; one end of the guide rod is arranged in the strip-shaped guide groove (1021).
3. The automatic grinding and polishing device for metallographic test pieces according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the base plate (2) is provided with at least two sand paper clamps (201).
4. The automatic grinding and polishing device for metallographic test pieces according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal plate of the supporting base (504) is provided with a strip-shaped groove I (5041);
the vertical plate of the supporting base (504) is provided with a strip-shaped groove II (5061); after the locking screw (506) is inserted into the strip-shaped groove II (5061), the locking screw is screwed into the threaded hole on the movable clamping plate II (503) to lock the movable clamping plate II (503) and the supporting base (504).
5. The automatic grinding and polishing device for metallographic test pieces according to claim 1, wherein: the water spraying device (6) is fixed on the mounting flat plate (7); two spray pipes of the water spraying device (6) are respectively positioned on the side surfaces of the clamp A (1) and the clamp B (5).
6. An environmental protection grinding method for metallographic experimental parts based on the device of any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that:
1) Preparing a metallographic experimental part A (13) and/or a metallographic experimental part B (14)
The metallographic experimental part A (13) is a sheet sample or a square sample;
the metallographic experimental part B (14) is a sheet sample;
2) Firstly, sand paper is fixed on the upper surface of a bottom plate (2);
3) Installing a metallographic experimental part;
placing a metallographic experimental part A, changing the expansion and contraction amount by rotating a clamping screw (101), realizing the clamping process, and rotating an internal thread shaft sleeve to enable the metallographic experimental part A to be tightly attached to sand paper;
placing a metallographic experimental part B, changing the expansion and contraction amount of the metallographic experimental part B by rotating a clamping screw (502), realizing the clamping process of the metallographic experimental part B, and adjusting a movable clamping plate II to enable the metallographic experimental part B to be tightly attached to sand paper;
4) The starting button is pressed down, forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor can be realized through the control of the driver, and the stepping motor drives the screw rod to rotate so as to realize the reciprocating motion of the upper plate;
5) The movable chuck can rotate along the inner wall of the optical axis to change the polishing direction;
6) Unloading the clamp to observe the grinding surface, sequentially replacing different sand paper, and repeating the steps 4) and 5) until the grinding requirement is met; when sand paper is replaced, the machine is stopped, a limiting block (109) above the internal thread shaft sleeve (106) is rotated, and the movable clamping head (108) is lifted by a spiral spring (105) to a certain height;
7) And (3) after the grinding is up to the requirement, replacing the polishing cloth according to the method of 6), repeating the processes of 4) and 5) until the end face of the test piece reaches the metallographic polishing requirement, and detaching the test piece for subsequent metallographic corrosion and observation.
7. The environmental protection grinding method for metallographic experimental parts according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: two fixed travel switches (8) are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate (2); the two travel switches (8) are respectively positioned at two sides of the screw nut (402);
in step 4, each time the spindle nut (402) touches the travel switch (8), a signal is given to the stepper motor in the opposite direction.
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| CN112454035A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-09 | 深圳市安能石油化工有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted air conditioner connecting piece surface treatment system |
| CN112440158A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-05 | 深圳市安能石油化工有限公司 | Surface treatment method for metal connecting piece of vehicle-mounted air conditioner |
| CN112658835A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-16 | 保定向阳航空精密机械有限公司 | Portable interior taper hole grinding device of high accuracy |
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