CN105397597A - Full-automatic multi-stage integrated metallographical grinding and polishing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-level integrated full-automatic metallographic grinding and polishing machine, wherein a grinding and polishing supporting base is installed on the bottom plate mounting seat, and a pair of grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheels are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate mounting seat outside the guide column. A plurality of abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts are installed on the polishing synchronous transmission wheel, and the plurality of abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts are arranged in sequence from thick to fine to form a multi-stage grinding and polishing belt; a slide bar is installed on the fixture mounting seat And the screw rod driven by the motor, the fixture is installed on the slide rod and the screw rod and can reciprocate along the slide rod under the drive of the screw rod. It realizes multi-level fully automatic operation, integrates metallographic grinding and polishing, and can automatically grind and/or polish continuously from coarse to fine on abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts of different sizes, throughout the grinding and polishing process There is no need to manually change abrasive and/or polishing fabric belts.

Description

A multi-level integrated automatic metallographic grinding and polishing machine

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of metallographic grinding and polishing, and relates to a metallographic grinding and polishing machine, in particular to a multi-level integrated full-automatic metallographic grinding and polishing machine.

Background technique

The identification and observation of metallographic microstructure is one of the very important methods in the field of material science. The preparation of the metallographic sample has a great influence on the quality of the final metallographic sample. At present, the preparation of metallographic samples includes a series of processes such as rough grinding, fine grinding, polishing and corrosion of samples. The grinding of samples is generally done by manual grinding or mechanical grinding. Finished by hand on a polishing machine. During the preparation of metallographic samples, the grinding and polishing surface of the sample is prone to common problems such as uneven grinding and polishing, uneven scratches, and inclined grinding surface. Moreover, during the grinding and polishing process, it needs to be replaced manually after a certain period of grinding and polishing. Sandpaper and polishing fabrics of different sizes, and high-speed rotating grinding and polishing machines pose a certain threat to the safety of workers.

At present, most metallographic preparation equipment adopts the structure of motor and polishing disc. The equipment of this structure requires manually holding the sample on the grinding and polishing disc. On the one hand, the efficiency of grinding and polishing is low. On the other hand, the quality of sample grinding and polishing Unstable, the sample is prone to problems such as uneven grinding and polishing surface and uneven scratches during the grinding and polishing process; and in the few related patents published on metallographic preparation, although the grinding and polishing efficiency has been improved to a certain extent, the degree of automation Not high, many steps still need manual setting. A metallographic sample grinding and polishing machine disclosed in the prior art adopts an abrasive belt type grinding structure, but the metallographic sample can only be ground on an abrasive belt of one particle size, and after the grinding is completed, it is necessary to manually replace different particle sizes Abrasive belt, continue to grind, the efficiency of sample preparation is low. An automatic grinding and polishing machine for metallographic samples is also disclosed in the prior art. Although it can be ground and polished without manual replacement of sandpaper and polishing fabrics, it is necessary to manually adjust each level of sandpaper during the grinding and polishing process. Grinding position, and when polishing on the polishing fabric, it can only be polished on one type of polishing fabric, and the grinding and polishing quality of the sample grinding and polishing surface cannot be guaranteed.

Contents of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-level integrated fully automatic metallographic grinding and polishing machine to solve the problem of low cutting efficiency and poor cutting uniformity caused by the difficulty of realizing full automation of existing metallographic grinding and polishing machines. technical issues.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A multi-level integrated full-automatic metallographic grinding and polishing machine, including a frame, on which a guide column is installed, from bottom to top, a bottom plate mounting seat and a fixture installation that can move up and down along the guide column are sequentially installed seat;

A grinding and polishing support base plate is installed on the bottom plate mounting seat, and a pair of grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheels are arranged symmetrically on the bottom plate mounting seat outside the guide column. Abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts are arranged in sequence from coarse to fine to form multi-stage grinding and polishing belts; the upper surface of the grinding and polishing support base is in contact with the inner surface of the abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts to support the abrasive belts and/or Or polishing fabric belt and ground test piece;

A slide rod and a motor-driven screw rod are installed on the fixture mounting base. The fixture is installed on the slide rod and the screw rod and can reciprocate along the slide rod under the drive of the screw rod. The fixture clamps the specimen to be ground and the ground specimen Driven by the screw rod, the grinding and polishing is carried out on the grinding and polishing belt from coarse to fine.

The present invention also has the following distinguishing technical features:

The clamp includes a lower base, the bottom surface of the lower base is equipped with a clamping head through a rotating shaft, and a rotating motor is installed on the top surface of the lower base, and the output shaft of the rotating motor is linked with the rotating shaft so that the rotating motor controls the movement of the clamping head. turn.

The upper guide seat is also installed on the lower base, and the upper guide seat is provided with a slide bar guide hole and a screw mandrel feed hole, the slide bar guide hole is installed on the slide bar, and the screw mandrel feed hole is installed on the screw mandrel.

The output shaft of the rotating motor and the rotating shaft realize linkage through the gear set installed between the lower base and the upper guide seat.

The bottom surface of the lower base is provided with an annular protruding water inlet pipe centered on the rotating shaft, and a water outlet is evenly arranged on the annular protruding water inlet pipe. The ring-shaped groove matched with the water inlet pipe. When the clamping head rotates, the ring-shaped groove rotates with the ring-shaped raised water inlet pipe as the track. through hole.

A water collecting tank is arranged on the base plate mounting seat around the grinding and polishing support base plate, and the water collecting tank is connected with the drain pipe.

The abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt are also tightened by tension wheels installed on the frame.

The grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel is driven by a motor, and the grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel realizes synchronous transmission through a pulley and a belt.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

The grinding and polishing machine of the present invention realizes multi-stage fully automatic operation, integrates metallographic grinding and polishing, and can automatically grind and/or polish continuously from coarse to fine on abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts of different particle sizes , there is no need to manually change the abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt during the entire grinding and polishing process.

The jig of the present invention can automatically deflect the grinding and polishing direction at an angle of 90 degrees during the grinding and polishing process. Polishing efficiency and polishing quality. None of the prior art can automatically switch the grinding and polishing direction at an angle of 90 degrees.

The fixture of the present invention also realizes in-situ water supply to the sample and saves cooling water.

The jig of the invention realizes the integration of grinding and polishing steering and in-situ water supply, reduces space occupation, and improves grinding and polishing efficiency.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grinding and polishing machine.

Fig. 2 is a top view structural diagram of the grinding and polishing machine.

Fig. 3 is a side view structural schematic diagram of a polishing machine (with an abrasive belt and/or a polishing fabric belt).

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamp.

Fig. 5 is a front structural schematic view of the clamp.

Fig. 6 is a front perspective structural schematic diagram of the clamp.

Fig. 7 is a schematic bottom view of the jig without the clamping head.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the end surface structure of the clamping head.

The meanings of each label in the figure are: 1-frame, 2-guide column, 3-base plate mounting seat, 4-fixture mounting seat, 5-grinding and polishing support base plate, 6-grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel, 7-abrasive belt and /or polishing fabric belt, 8-test piece to be ground, 9-sliding rod, 10-screw rod, 11-motor, 12-fixture, 13-sink, 14-drainage pipe, 15-tensioner wheel, 16-motor , 17-pulley, 18-belt;

(12-1)-lower base, (12-2)-rotating shaft, (12-3)-holding head, (12-4)-rotating motor, (12-5)-upper guide seat, (12- 6)-slider guide hole, (12-7)-screw feed hole, (12-8)-gear set, (12-9)-ring-shaped raised water inlet pipe, (12-10)-water outlet , (12-11)-annular groove, (12-12)-water supply through hole.

The specific content of the present invention will be further explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

detailed description

Specific embodiments of the present invention are provided below, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent transformations done on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example:

According to the above technical scheme, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 8, this embodiment provides a multi-level integrated automatic metallographic grinding and polishing machine, including a frame 1, and a guide column 2 is arranged on the frame 1, and its characteristic That is: the bottom plate mounting seat 3 and the fixture mounting seat 4 that can move up and down along the guide column 2 are sequentially installed on the guide column 2 from bottom to top;

A grinding and polishing support base plate 5 is installed on the bottom plate mounting seat 3, and a pair of grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheels 6 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate mounting seat 3 outside the guide column 2, and a plurality of abrasive belts and/or Polishing fabric belt 7, a plurality of abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts 7 are arranged in order from thick to fine to form multi-stage grinding and polishing belts; Surface contact is used to support the abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt 7 and the specimen to be ground 8;

A slide bar 9 and a screw rod 10 driven by a motor 11 are installed on the fixture mounting seat 4, and the clamp 12 is installed on the slide bar 9 and the screw mandrel 10 and can reciprocate along the slide bar 9 under the drive of the screw mandrel 10, and the clamp 12 clamps Holding the ground test piece 8, the ground test piece 8 is ground and polished on the grinding and polishing belt from coarse to fine under the drive of the screw rod 10.

Fixture 12 comprises lower base 12-1, on the bottom surface of lower base 12-1 clamping head 12-3 is installed by rotating shaft 12-2, and rotating motor 12-4 is installed on the top surface of lower base 12-1, rotates The output shaft of the motor 12-4 is linked with the rotating shaft 12-2 so that the rotating motor 12-4 controls the rotation of the clamping head 12-3. The jig 12 can automatically deflect the grinding and polishing direction at an angle of 90 degrees during the grinding and polishing process. During the grinding and polishing process, the grinding and polishing direction is perpendicular to the scratches, which improves the cutting efficiency and cutting uniformity of the abrasive on the grinding and polishing surface.

On the lower base 12-1, an upper guide seat 12-5 is also installed, and the upper guide seat 12-5 is provided with a slide bar guide hole 12-6 and a screw feed hole 12-7, and the slide bar guide hole 12-6 is installed On the slide bar 9 , the screw feed hole 12 - 6 is mounted on the screw 10 .

The output shaft of the rotating motor 12-4 and the rotating shaft 12-2 realize linkage through the gear set 12-8 installed between the lower base 12-1 and the upper guide seat 12-5.

The bottom surface of the lower base 12-1 is centered on the rotating shaft 12-2 to be provided with an annular protruding water inlet pipe 12-9, and the annular protruding water inlet pipe 12-9 is evenly provided with a water outlet 12-10, and the clamping head The end surface of 12-3 close to the lower base 12-1 is provided with an annular groove 12-11 matched with the annular raised water inlet pipe 12-9. When the clamping head 12-3 rotates, the annular groove 12-11 The ring-shaped protruding water inlet pipe 12-9 rotates on a track, and the clamping head 12-3 is provided with a water supply through hole 12-12 vertically connected with the annular groove 12-11 and passing through the clamping head 12-3. The fixture 12 realizes in-situ water supply to the sample, saving cooling water.

A water collecting tank 13 is arranged on the base plate mounting seat 3 around the grinding and polishing support base plate 5 , and the water collecting tank 13 communicates with a drain pipe 14 .

The abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt 7 is also tightened by the tensioning wheel 15 installed on the frame 1 .

Grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel 6 is driven by motor 16, and grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel 6 realizes synchronous transmission by pulley 17 and belt 18.

Working process of the present invention is as follows:

Before the grinding and polishing of the test piece 8, a plurality of abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts 7 of different grain sizes are installed on the symmetrically arranged grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheels 6, and the tension wheel installed on the frame 1 is used to 15 Tighten it. First adjust the bottom plate mounting seat 3 to an appropriate position along the guide column 2; then adjust the position of the fixture mounting seat 4 upward along the guide column 2, and stop the adjustment when the fixture 12 has enough space relative to the grinding and polishing support base plate 5 during the adjustment process. The test piece 8 to be ground is installed in the holding head 12 - 3 of the jig 13 . Start the motor 11, and the motor 11 drives the screw rod 10 to drive the fixture 12 to reciprocate on the slide bar 9 to move the ground test piece 8 to a position of a certain abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt 7; at this time, adjust the fixture mounting seat 4 downward The position is such that the grinding and polishing surface of the specimen to be ground 8 is in close contact with the abrasive belt and/or the polishing fabric belt 7 . Close the motor 11, start the motor 16, the grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel 6 drives the abrasive belt and/or the polishing fabric belt 7 to rotate, and the machine enters the grinding and polishing state.

In order to cool and wet the test piece 8 to be ground, the annular protruding water inlet pipe 12-9 provided on the bottom surface of the lower base 12-1 is connected during grinding and polishing, and the cooling water enters the clamping head through the water outlet 12-10 12-3 In the ring-shaped groove 12-11 where the end face matches the ring-shaped raised water inlet pipe 12-9, the cooling water in the ring-shaped groove 12-11 passes through the water supply through hole 12-12 to cool the test piece to be ground. In-situ water supply; excess cooling water flows into the sump 13 on the bottom plate mounting seat 3 and is discharged through the drain pipe 14 .

During the grinding and polishing process of the ground test piece 8, the rotating motor 12-4 can be started, and the gear set 12-8 drives the rotating shaft 12-2 to rotate to realize the 90-degree angle of the grinding and polishing direction of the ground test piece 8 in the chuck 12-3. Automatic deflection, grinding and polishing direction and scratch verticality improve the cutting efficiency and cutting uniformity of the abrasive on the grinding and polishing surface.

After grinding and polishing the test piece 8 on an abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt 7 for a certain period of time, slightly adjust the position of the fixture mounting seat 4 upward along the guide column 2, start the motor 11, and the screw rod 10 drives the fixture 12 to move to The test piece 8 to be ground is moved to a finer abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt 7, the motor 11 is turned off, and the fixture mounting seat 4 is adjusted downward to ensure that the grinding surface of the test piece 8 and the abrasive belt and/or polishing The fabric belt 7 keeps in close contact, and the ground test piece 8 will continue grinding and polishing on the finer abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt 7 .

After the grinding and polishing of the test piece 8 is completed, turn off the motor 16, adjust the fixture mounting seat 4 upwards along the guide column 2, and take out the test piece 8.

Claims (8)

1. A multi-stage integrated full-automatic metallographic grinding and polishing machine, comprising a frame (1), the frame (1) is provided with a guide column (2), and is characterized in that: the guide column (2) goes from bottom to A bottom plate mounting seat (3) and a clamp mounting seat (4) capable of moving up and down along the guide column (2) are sequentially installed on the top; Grinding and polishing support base plate (5) is installed on the base plate mounting seat (3), and a pair of grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheels (6) are symmetrically arranged on the base plate mounting base (3) outside the guide column (2), and the grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel ( 6) A plurality of abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts (7) are installed on the top, and the plurality of abrasive belts and/or polishing fabric belts (7) are arranged in order from thick to fine to form a multi-stage grinding and polishing belt; the grinding and polishing support base plate The upper surface of (5) is in contact with the inner surface of the abrasive belt and/or the polishing fabric belt (7) for supporting the abrasive belt and/or the polishing fabric belt (7) and the specimen to be ground (8); A slide bar (9) and a screw mandrel (10) driven by a motor (11) are installed on the clamp mount (4), and the clamp (12) is installed on the slide bar (9) and the screw mandrel (10) to be able to move along the slide bar (9) Driven by the screw rod (10) to reciprocate, the fixture (12) clamps the ground test piece (8), and the ground test piece (8) is driven by the screw rod (10) from thick to fine Grinding and polishing on a grinding and polishing belt. 2. The grinding and polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamp (12) includes a lower base (12-1), and the bottom surface of the lower base (12-1) passes through the rotating shaft (12-2 ) is equipped with a clamping head (12-3), and a rotating motor (12-4) is installed on the top surface of the lower base (12-1), and the output shaft of the rotating motor (12-4) and the rotating shaft (12-2 ) linkage makes the rotating motor (12-4) control the rotation of the clamping head (12-3). 3. The grinding and polishing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: an upper guide seat (12-5) is also installed on the lower base (12-1), and a slide bar is arranged on the upper guide seat (12-5) Guide hole (12-6) and screw mandrel feed hole (12-7), slide bar guide hole (12-6) is installed on the slide bar (9), screw mandrel feed hole (12-6) is installed on the wire on the rod (10). 4. The grinding and polishing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the output shaft of the rotating motor (12-4) and the rotating shaft (12-2) are installed between the lower base (12-1) and the rotating shaft (12-2). The gear set (12-8) between the upper guide seat (12-5) realizes linkage. 5. The grinding and polishing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: an annular protruding water inlet pipe (12 -9), the annular protruding water inlet pipe (12-9) is evenly provided with a water outlet (12-10), and the end surface of the clamping head (12-3) close to the lower base (12-1) is provided with a ring The ring-shaped groove (12-11) that matches the water inlet pipe (12-9) of the shape protrusion (12-9), and the ring groove (12-11) protrudes the water inlet pipe ( 12-9) is orbital rotation, and the clamping head (12-3) is provided with the water supply through-hole (12-12) that vertically communicates with the annular groove (12-11) and runs through the clamping head (12-3). 6. The grinding and polishing machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom plate mounting seat (3) around the described grinding and polishing support base plate (5) is provided with a sump (13), and the sump (13) and Drainage pipe (14) is connected. 7. The grinding and polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the abrasive belt and/or polishing fabric belt (7) is also tightened by a tension wheel (15) installed on the frame (1) Sanding belt and/or polishing fabric belt (7). 8. The grinding and polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel (6) is driven by a motor (16), and the grinding and polishing synchronous transmission wheel (6) is driven by a pulley (17) and a belt (18) Realize synchronous transmission.