CN110088541A

CN110088541A - Method for adjusting heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop

Info

Publication number: CN110088541A
Application number: CN201780075543.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R.博维斯; L.德拉福格; J.比诺亚利; P.加迭
Original assignee: Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Current assignee: Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Priority date: 2016-10-12
Filing date: 2017-10-04
Publication date: 2019-08-02
Also published as: FR3057211B1; EP3526525A1; FR3057211A1; WO2018069606A1

Abstract

Subject of the present invention is that a kind of adjust will enter the method in the circuit of the air stream of vehicle interior for heating, refrigerant fluid is circulated by the circuit, the circuit includes at least compressor and condenser, the first closed circuit path including compressor and condenser according to the loop configuration operates in the heat pump mode, the loop configuration is circulated along the second closed circuit path at making fluid, the step of the method includes referred to as pumping steps, in the pumping step loop configuration at make along the first closed circuit path circulate refrigerant fluid from the first closed circuit path enter the second closed circuit path.

Description

Method for adjusting heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of for adjusting the heating for being intended for motor vehicle passenger compartment, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop Method.

Background technique

Vehicle especially electric or hybrid vehicle is commonly equipped with heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning system, is seeped with changing Thoroughly to the gas thermal parameter of the air stream in vehicle's passenger compartment inside.For this purpose, the system includes heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning device, It is defined by shell and is suitable for controlling air stream before air introduces interior passenger compartment according to the requirement of user.In order to Air changes the temperature of air stream before introducing passenger compartment, the system especially include refrigerant fluid the heating wherein circulated, Ventilation and/or air conditioner loop.

This circuit can usually work under " air conditioning mode ", " drying mode " or " heat pump mode ".

When circuit is worked under " heat pump mode " (also referred to as " heating mode "), the air of outside vehicle is had been found that Temperature is low, and such as less than -10 DEG C, then available heating power is insufficient for the requirement of user.

For example, when external air temperature is -18 DEG C, using R134a or R1234yf refrigerant fluid, available heating Power is about 2700W, and the heating power met needed for user requires is estimated as 5000W.

The purpose of the present invention is to propose to it is a kind of allow to make up disadvantages mentioned above for adjusting heating, ventilation and/or empty The method for recalling to road.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, subject of the present invention is a kind of method for adjusting heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop, which uses In the air stream that will enter motor vehicle passenger compartment, refrigerant fluid circulates in the circuit, and the circuit includes at least compression Machine and condenser, loop configuration operate in the heat pump mode in the first closed circuit for including compressor and condenser, return Road is configured to that fluid is made to circulate in the second closed circuit, in the second closed circuit fluid at least continually by compressor and Then it by condenser, partly bypasses the first closed circuit and is expanded before again by compressor,

The adjusting method includes the steps that referred to as pumping step, and wherein loop configuration is at making in the first closed circuit The refrigerant fluid of circulation is directed in the second closed circuit from the first closed circuit.

When refrigerant fluid circulates in the second loop, due to the energy input from compressor, high heating can get Power.The present invention is directed to utilize to refill compressor without the expansion of the fluid pre-cooled.It is additionally useful for by utilizing The component in the circuit of standard feature, and therefore not will increase its cost, especially with the fringe cost phase of additional heating device Than this allows to have hotter refrigerant fluid in the exit of compressor, therefore can get at the level of condenser Higher heating power.

For example, using R134a or R1234yf refrigerant fluid, when external temperature is -18 DEG C, in second servo loop can It may be up to 4000 to 5000W with heating power.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the step of present invention is included in after pumping step, referred to as starting (priming) Step, wherein the first closed circuit and the second closed circuit are disconnected from each other.

According to another characteristic of the invention, during set up procedure, the water pump of the second closed circuit is deactivated.

According to another characteristic of the invention, it during set up procedure, deactivates for driving the air for being intended for passenger compartment The fan of stream.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the step of this method is included in after set up procedure, referred to as power rise step, During this period, heating circuit is arranged so that the water that the air stream for supplying passenger compartment is heated radiators heat, is driven by water pump Stream supplies the heating radiator.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the step of this method is included in after power rise step, referred to as power stability Step, during this period, by the flow velocity and/or the second closed circuit of the air stream of the heating radiators heat of the second closed circuit The water flow velocity of water pump increases.

According to another characteristic of the invention, when the pressure of the refrigerant fluid in the heat exchanger of the first closed circuit declines When to pressure threshold, set up procedure is triggered.

According to another characteristic of the invention, when the exit of the compressor of the second closed circuit refrigerant fluid pressure When rising above pressure threshold, power rise step is triggered.

According to another characteristic of the invention, when the exit of the compressor of the second closed circuit refrigerant fluid pressure When rising above pressure threshold, power stability step is triggered.

According to another characteristic of the invention, when the temperature of the water to circulate in the water pump in the second closed circuit is higher than temperature threshold When value, power stability step is triggered.

According to another characteristic of the invention, when external temperature the first temperature and second temperature and its between when, triggering pump Send step.

According to another characteristic of the invention, during pumping step, refrigerant fluid circulates from heat exchanger via first The expansion member and evaporator of closed circuit enter the compressor of the second closed circuit, subsequently into the condensation of the second closed circuit Device and expansion member.

According to another characteristic of the invention, during set up procedure, refrigerant fluid is passed to the second closure from compressor In the condenser in circuit, it is described at least one be connected and disconnected from valve configuration and disconnected by the first closed circuit and the second closed circuit Position.

Another theme of the invention is a kind of heat for including the motor vehicle passenger compartment of adjusting method as described above Pre-adjusted method.

Detailed description of the invention

By reading the description that hereinafter provides by example, with reference, other features of the invention, details and excellent Point will become clearer, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning system；

Fig. 2 is the view of the system of Fig. 1 under first operator scheme；

Fig. 3 is the view of the system of Fig. 1 under second operator scheme；

Fig. 4 is the view of the system of Fig. 1 under third operation mode；

Fig. 5 is the view of the system of Fig. 1 under the 4th operation mode；

Fig. 6 is according to the present invention for adjusting the timing diagram of the method for the system of Fig. 1；

Fig. 7 is the view of the system of Fig. 1 during the pumping step of the method for Fig. 6；

Fig. 8 be the starting in the method for Fig. 6, during power rise or power stability step the system of Figure 11 view；

Fig. 9 is the view of the system of Fig. 1, equipped with the pressure and temperature sensor of the method for executing Fig. 6；And

Figure 10 shows the variation of the various parameters in the adjusting method of Fig. 6.

Specific embodiment

Loop structure

Fig. 1 shows heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning system 1, is suitable for changing for penetrating into the passenger compartment of vehicle The gas thermal parameter of air stream F, the vehicle especially electric or hybrid vehicle.Heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning device 1 are wrapped Heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning equipment 2 are included, is suitable for controlling air stream F before air stream F introduces vehicle's passenger compartment.

Equipment 2 is defined by shell 3, and shell 3 is made of such as polymer material, and including being located at the wind inside shell 3 Fan 4, the fan 4 are suitable for generating the air stream from least one ingate 5 being formed in shell 3 at least one outlet opening 6 F, the air stream F from outlet opening 6 enter vehicle's passenger compartment.

According to first embodiment shown in figure, in order to change the temperature of air stream F before air stream F enters passenger compartment Degree, heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning system 1 include:

Heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop 7, refrigerant fluid circulates wherein, for example, entitled R134a or The refrigerant fluid of R1234yf；

Heating circuit 8, heat-exchange fluid circulates wherein.

Heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop 7 include condenser 9, the heat exchanger for suitably forming condenser or evaporator 10, evaporator 11, the first expansion member D1, the second expansion member D2, third expansion member D3, compressor 12, fluid storage bottle R, the first stop valve V1, the second stop valve V2, third stop valve V3, the 4th stop valve V4 and the 5th stop valve V5.

According to first embodiment, condenser 9 is configured to carry out between refrigerant fluid and the heat-exchange fluid of heating circuit 8 Heat exchange.

More precisely, condenser 9 includes two independent paths, i.e. main path and time path.Main path is by refrigerant Fluid is transported to primary outlet 14 from main-inlet 13.Heat-exchange fluid is transported to time outlet 16 from secondary entrance 15 by secondary path.

Heat exchanger 10 (more commonly referred to as evaporator-condenser) can be placed on the front of vehicle, so as to outside vehicle The air E in portion carries out heat exchange.

The circulating direction of air stream F of the evaporator 11 in shell 3 is located at 4 downstream of fan in the shell 3 of system 1, with Just be intended to penetrate into air stream F in vehicle's passenger compartment and carry out heat exchange.

First, second, and third expansion member D1, D2, D3 enables refrigerant fluid to be expanded into low pressure from high pressure.

Each expansion member D1, D2, D3 can be moved between open and closed positions, in open position, fluid Can by it and the expansion when leaving it, in closed position, fluid cannot by it, in other words, expansion member D1, D2, D3 are Fluid Sealings, regardless of the circulating direction of fluid how.

Each expansion member D1, D2, D3 can be electric control expansion valve or calibration hole.

Compressor 12 is suitable for refrigerant fluid being forced into high pressure.

Furthermore and advantageously, bottle R makes it possible to achieve liquid/gas and mutually separates, to prevent the refrigerant fluid of liquid from entering pressure Contracting machine 12.

Each stop valve V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 can cannot be passed through in fluid by its open position and fluid It is moved between its closed position, in other words, valve V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 are Fluid Sealings, regardless of the circulation side of fluid To how.

If stop valve V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 are only complete on a circulating direction of fluid when in the closed position Fluid Sealing, then valve can be associated with check-valves to be fully sealed, regardless of the circulating direction of fluid how.

As shown in Figure 1, heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop 7 further include:

Bottle R is connected to the first part P1 of the entrance of compressor 12,

The outlet of compressor 12 is connected to the second part P2 of the first branch E1,

First branch E1 is connected to the Part III P3 of the main-inlet 13 of condenser 9,

First branch E1 is connected to the Part IV P4 of the first valve V1,

First valve V1 is connected to the Part V P5 of the second branch E2,

The primary outlet 14 of condenser 9 is connected to the Part VI P6 of the second valve V2,

Second valve V2 is connected to the Part VII P7 of the second branch E2,

Second branch E2 is connected to the Part VIII P8 of third branch E3,

Third branch E3 is connected to the Part IX P9 of the 4th branch E4,

4th branch E4 is connected to the Part X P10 of third expansion member D3,

Third expansion member D3 is connected to the tenth a part of P11 of quintafurcation E5,

4th branch E4 is connected to the 12nd part P12 of the 5th valve V5,

5th valve V5 is connected to the tenth three parts P13 of quintafurcation E5,

Quintafurcation E5 is connected to the 14th part P14 of the entrance of heat exchanger 10,

The outlet of heat exchanger 10 is connected to the 15th part P15 of the 6th branch E6,

6th branch E6 is connected to the 16th part P16 of the second expansion member D2,

Second expansion member D2 is connected to the 17th part P17 of the entrance of evaporator 11,

The outlet of evaporator 11 is connected to the 18th part P18 of the 4th valve V4,

4th valve V4 is connected to the 19th part P19 of the 7th branch E7,

6th branch E6 is connected to the 20th part P20 of third valve V3,

Third valve V3 is connected to the 20th a part of P21 of the 7th branch E7,

7th branch E7 is connected to the 22nd part P22 of bottle R,

Part III E3 is connected to the 20th three parts P23 of the first expansion member D1,

First expansion member D1 is connected to the 24th part P24 of the 7th branch E7.

Note that part is to refer to establish any device fluidly connected, such as conduit, pipeline or pipe.

It is furthermore noted that one or more of these parts can consider alone or in combination.In addition, the volume of these parts Number purely illustrative.

In the sense of the present invention, the part between third branch E3 and the 7th branch E7 in circuit 7, is in other words wrapped The component of the 20th three parts P23, the first expansion member D1 and the 24th part P24 are included, indicates that short circuit branch is (also referred to as other Road branch).

In this application, " short circuit branch " is to refer to make refrigerant fluid around heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop 7 Some components branch.

Heating circuit 8 includes pump 17 and heating radiator 18.Heat-exchange fluid is carried out via condenser 9 and refrigerant fluid Heat exchange.

Pump 17 is suitable for that heat-exchange fluid is made to circulate in circuit 8.

The circulating direction for heating air stream F of the radiator 18 in shell 3 is located at 11 downstream of evaporator in the housing, so as to With the air stream F progress heat exchange for being intended to penetrate into vehicle's passenger compartment.

Equipment 2 includes the various steerable limb (not shown) in shell 3, these limbs allow to control sky Air-flow F passes through evaporator 11 before it enters vehicle's passenger compartment and/or heats the channel of radiator 18.

As shown in Figure 1, heating circuit 8 further include:

The outlet for pumping 17 is connected to the 25th part P25 of the secondary entrance 15 of condenser 9,

The secondary outlet 16 of condenser 9 is connected to the 26th part P26 of the entrance of heating radiator 18,

The outlet for heating radiator 18 is connected to the 27th part P27 of the entrance of pump 17.

Note that refrigerant fluid or the heat-exchange fluid unacceptable element under related operating mode are used in Fig. 2 to 5 Dotted line indicates that other elements are indicated by the solid line.

Operation mode

Fig. 2 shows the first operator schemes of system 1, also referred to as " heat pump mode " or " heating mode ", wherein in circuit 7 Refrigerant fluid circulate in the first closed circuit.Under the first operator scheme, 17 starting of pump, compressor 12 starts, the One valve V1 is closed, and the second valve V2 is opened, and third valve V3 is opened, and the 4th valve V4 is closed, and the 5th valve V5 is closed, the first expansion member D1 It closes, the second expansion member D2 is closed, and third expansion member D3 is opened, and heat exchanger 10 forms evaporator.

Under the first operator scheme, refrigerant fluid is continually by compressor 12, condenser 9, the second valve V2, third Expansion member D3, heat exchanger 10, third valve V3 followed by the bottle R for forming evaporator, later again by compressor 12.

Under the first operator scheme, heat exchanger 10 recycles heat from outside.It is intended to penetrate into the air in passenger compartment It flows F and heating radiator 18 carries out heat exchange, more precisely, air stream F is heated when through heating radiator 18.

Fig. 3 shows the second operator scheme of system 1, also referred to as " hot gas mode ", wherein the refrigerant fluid in circuit 7 It circulates in the second closed circuit.In this second operation mode, 17 starting of pump, compressor 12 start, and the first valve V1 is closed, the Two valve V2 are opened, and third valve V3 is closed, and the 4th valve V4 is closed, and the 5th valve V5 is closed, and the first expansion member D1 is opened, the second expansion Component D2 is closed, and third expansion member D3 is closed.

In this second operation mode, refrigerant fluid is continually by compressor 12, condenser 9, the second valve V2, expansion Component D1 followed by bottle R, later again by compressor 12.

In this second operation mode, it is intended to which the air stream F and heating radiator 18 penetrated into passenger compartment carries out hot friendship It changes, and more precisely, air stream F is at it by being heated when heating radiator 18.

According to the present invention, compared with first operator scheme, fluid be reinjected into after expansion thereof compressor 12 without The fact that pre-cooled enables refrigerant fluid the exit of compressor 12 is hotter, heat-exchange fluid is warmmer and therefore There is higher heating power according to general rule.

According to second operator scheme, for example, using R134a or R1234yf refrigerant fluid, and work as external air temperature When being -18 DEG C, available heating power is 5000W.

According to second operator scheme, second servo loop has minimum volume advantageously to ensure most effective energy transmission.For This, second servo loop advantageously comprises buffer, can use the form, such as the reservoir of bottle R of extension etc. in circuit.

Fig. 4 shows the third operation mode of system 1, also referred to as " air conditioning mode ", wherein the refrigerant fluid in circuit 7 It circulates in third closed circuit.Under the third operation mode, pump 17 stops, and compressor 12 starts, and the first valve V1 is opened, the Two valve V2 are closed, and third valve V3 is closed, and the 4th valve V4 is opened, and the 5th valve V5 is opened, and the first expansion member D1 is closed, the second expansion Component D2 is opened, and third expansion member D3 is closed, and heat exchanger 10 forms condenser.

In the 3rd embodiment, refrigerant fluid is continually by compressor 12, the first valve V1, the 5th valve V5, formation The heat exchanger 10 of condenser, the second expansion member D2, evaporator 11, the 4th valve V4 and followed by bottle R, later again by pressure Contracting machine 12.

Under the third operation mode, heat exchanger 10 rejects heat to outside.For penetrating into the sky in passenger compartment Air-flow F and evaporator 11 carry out heat exchange, and more precisely, air stream F is cooled when it passes through evaporator 11.Refrigerant stream The fact that body bypasses condenser 9 via the first valve V1 allows to prevent that heat-exchange fluid boils.

Fig. 5 shows the 5th operation mode of device 1, also referred to as " drying mode ", and wherein the refrigerant fluid in circuit 7 exists It circulates in 4th closed circuit.Under the 4th operation mode, 17 starting of pump, compressor 12 starts, and the first valve V1 is closed, and second Valve V2 is opened, and third valve V3 is closed, and the 4th valve V4 is opened, and the 5th valve V5 is opened, and the first expansion member D1 is closed, the second expansion structure Part D2 is opened, and third expansion member D3 is closed, and heat exchanger 10 forms condenser.

Under the 4th operation mode, refrigerant fluid is continually by compressor 12, condenser 9, the second valve V2, the 5th Valve V5, formed the heat exchanger 10 of condenser, the second expansion member D2, evaporator 11, the 4th valve V4 and followed by bottle R, later Again by compressor 12.

Under the 4th operation mode, heat exchanger 10 rejects heat to outside.For penetrating into the sky in passenger compartment Air-flow F and evaporator 11 carry out heat exchange, followed by carry out heat exchange with heating radiator 18, and more precisely, air stream F exists It is cooled first when passing through evaporator 11, then at it by being heated when heating radiator 18, to keep air stream F dry It is dry.

In second embodiment not shown in the figure, in order to change the temperature of air stream before air stream enters passenger compartment Degree, heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning system only include refrigerant fluid in the heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop 7 wherein circulated.

In a second embodiment, the circulating direction of air stream of the condenser 9 in shell 3 is located at evaporator in shell 3 11 downstreams, so as to be intended to penetrate into air stream F in vehicle's passenger compartment and carry out heat exchange.

In a second embodiment, the various steerable limb (not shown) in shell 3 allow to control air Flow the access that F passes through evaporator 11 and/or condenser 9 before it enters vehicle's passenger compartment.

In a second embodiment, according to operation mode, it is intended to which the fluid penetrated into passenger compartment is therefore warm with following progress Exchange:

Condenser 9, in the first mode of operation,

Condenser 9, in the second mode of operation,

Evaporator 11, in a third operating mode,

Evaporator 11, followed by condenser 9, in a fourth operating mode.

Depending on refrigerant fluid, select the interior diameter of each valve V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 to obtain refrigerant in operation Good compromise between the amount of refrigerant fluid present in the pressure of fluid and circuit 7.

For the refrigerant fluid of entitled R134a or R1234yf, the interior diameter of each valve V1, V2, V3, V4 therefore and Advantageously select in the following manner:

The interior diameter of first valve V1 between 4mm and 8mm (including end value), for example, 6mm,

The interior diameter of second valve V2 between 4mm and 8mm (including end value), for example, 6mm,

The interior diameter of third valve V3 between 14mm and 18mm (including end value), for example, 16mm,

The interior diameter of 4th valve V4 (including end value), for example, 16mm between 14mm and 18mm.

In the modification of unshowned first or second embodiments, first and second stop valve V1, V2 can be by triple valve Instead of.

In the second modification of unshowned first or second embodiments, it can be combined with the first modification, the 5th stop valve V5 It can be replaced by the particular valve that can occupy following position with third expansion member D3:

First open position, wherein fluid can expand (first operator scheme) by it and in its exit；

Second open position, wherein fluid can not expand (the third and fourth operation mould by it and in its exit Formula)；

Closed position, wherein fluid cannot be by it, and valve is Fluid Sealing, regardless of the circulating direction of fluid how (second operator scheme).

Second operator scheme adjusting method

Subject of the present invention is a kind of method for adjusting above-mentioned second operator scheme or " hot gas mode ".

From fig. 6 it can be seen that adjusting method 60 advantageously comprises a series of four steps, i.e. first step 61 (referred to as Pumping step), followed by second step 62 (referred to as set up procedure), third step 63 (referred to as power rise step) and the 4th Step 64 (referred to as power stability step).

The step of describing adjusting method with reference next to various parameters.

The state of valve and expansion member

As shown in fig. 7, during pumping step 61:

Stop valve V1 and V5 are closed,

Stop valve V2, V3 and V4 are opened, and

- the first and second expansion member D1 and D2 are open.

In pumping step 61, refrigerant fluid flows to pressure from heat exchanger 10 via stop valve V3 and via evaporator 11 Contracting machine 12.

Therefore, refrigerant fluid is discharged into the second closed circuit 101 by the first closed circuit 100.

It can be seen from the figure that the first closed circuit 100 includes heat exchanger 10, expansion member D2, evaporator 11, cutting Valve V3, V4 and V5.

Second closed circuit 101 includes bottle R, compressor 12, stop valve V1 and V2, condenser 9 and expansion member D1.

Stop valve V3, V4 and V5 enable the first closed circuit 100 and the second closed circuit 101 to connect or disconnect.

Between pumping step and subsequent step, stop valve V3 and V4 change state, are transformed into opening from closed state State.

As can be seen from Figure 8, during set up procedure 62, power rise step 63 and power stability step 64:

Stop valve V1 and V5 are closed,

- the second stop valve V2 is opened,

- the third and fourth stop valve V3 and V4 is closed, and

- the first and second expansion member D1 and D2 are opened.

In set up procedure 62, power rise step 63 and the power stability step 64, circuit by reference to Fig. 3 to describe The operation of " hot gas " mode.

Water flow velocity

In pumping step 61, pump 17 works, so that water circulates in condenser 9 and heating radiator 18.

Pump 17 is preferably worked with nominal mode.

For example, under nominal mode, water flow velocity between 100 and 250 ls/h (including end value).

In set up procedure 62, pump 17 stops；There is no water flow in condenser 9 or heating radiator 18.

In power rise step 63, pump 17 works, so that water circulates in condenser 9 and heating radiator 18.

Pump 17 preferably works under nominal mode.

In power stability step 64, pump 17 works, so that water circulates in condenser 9 and heating radiator 18.

Pump 17 is preferably run with maximum speed.

For example, the speed of pump will correspond to the water flow velocity between 300 to 750 ls/h (including end value).

Fan speed

In pumping step 61, the speed of fan 4 is preferably minimum speed.For example, the speed of fan will correspond to 100 To 150 kgs/hr (including end value) of passenger cabin air stream.

In set up procedure 62, fan 4 stops, so that passenger compartment is not supplied to air.

In power rise step 63, the speed of fan 4 is preferably higher than its speed in pumping step.

Advantageously risen according to the temperature of water to adjust the speed of fan 4.

In power stability step 64, the speed of fan 4 is equal to its speed in power rise step.

Compressor speed

In a modification, the speed of compressor 12 is in pumping step 61, set up procedure 62, power rise step 63 and function Maximum speed in each of rate stabilizing step 64.

The speed of compressor is advantageously below acoustics comfort limit speed.

In another modification, the speed of compressor 12 depends on step, as described in detail.

Sensor

It as shown in Figure 9, include multiple sensors using the system 1 in circuit 7.

System 1 includes the first pressure sensor 91 for refrigerant fluid.The setting of first pressure sensor 91 is by bottle It is connected to the inlet of the compressor in the branch P1 of compressor 12.

System 1 includes the second pressure sensor 92 (PRCO) for refrigerant fluid.

The outlet of the compressor 12 in the branch Pi of connect compressor 12 and condenser 9 is arranged in second pressure sensor 92 Place.

System 1 further includes the third pressure sensor 93 for the refrigerant fluid in the exit of heat exchanger 10 (PRECO)。

System 1 further includes temperature sensor 94 (TAMB), is configured to the temperature that measurement enters the air stream of heat exchanger 10 Degree.

System 7 further includes temperature sensor 95 (TWCDO), is configured to the water temperature in the exit of measurement condenser 9.

In a variant which is not illustrated, pressure sensor 91 and/or pressure sensor 93 respectively by temperature sensor TRCI and Temperature sensor TRECO is replaced.

In this case, each temperature sensor is configured to the temperature of measurement refrigerant fluid and/or the temperature of wall, institute It states wall and is respectively formed the branch P15 that bottle R is connected to the branch P1 of compressor 12 and heat exchanger 10 is connected to branch E6.

In unshowned another modification, second temperature sensor 91 is not installed.

In this case, the entrance of outlet and compressor 12 based on measured value and exchanger 10 from sensor 93 Between low pressure model calculate pressure, while in view of circuit branch in head loss.

As shown in Figure 9, which includes the control unit 96 that each sensor is connected to.

" hot gas " and " heat pump " mode trigger temperature

When external air temperature is between two temperature for being expressed as T0 and T1, " hot gas " mode is triggered, wherein T0 is low In T1.

For example, temperature T0 is about -25 DEG C, and temperature T1 is about -10 DEG C.

When external air temperature is between temperature T1 and the third temperature T2 higher than T0, " heat pump " mode is triggered.

For example, temperature T2 is about 5 DEG C.

Other conditions must be such as described in detail below preferably in combination with triggering " hot gas " mode.

Consecutive steps trigger parameter

Following parameter is used for continuous trigger " hot gas " pumping step 61, set up procedure 62, power rise step 63 and power Stabilizing step 64:

It is expressed as the speed (indicating with revolutions per minute or rpm) of the compressor 12 of Ncpr；

Voltage Upomp (being indicated with V) at the terminal of pump 12；

Voltage Uhvac (being indicated with V) at the terminal of fan 4；

Mix the voltage Umixflap (indicating with V) at the terminal of limb 181；

Voltage (being indicated with V) at the terminal of stop valve V1 to V5；And

Voltage Ufrontend (being indicated with V) at the terminal of the fan 182 in the exit of heat exchanger 10 is set.

When meeting temperature condition, if combination the following conditions, advantageously trigger " hot gas " mode:

The pressure (being measured if applicable by first pressure sensor 91) of the inlet of compressor, which is higher than, to be expressed as The threshold pressure value of PRCImin,

The pressure (being measured if applicable by first pressure sensor 92) in the exit of compressor, which is lower than, to be expressed as The threshold pressure value of PRCOmaxHP,

The water temperature (being measured if applicable by temperature sensor 95) in the exit of condenser 9, which is lower than, to be expressed as The threshold temperature value of TWCDOmax,

Also the external temperature measured by temperature sensor 94 is between lower threshold T0 and higher thresholds T1.

For example, threshold pressure value PRCImin between 0.7 bar and 1.2 bars (including end value).

For example, threshold pressure value PRCOmaxHP between 16 bars and 24 bars (including end value).

For example, threshold temperature value TWCDOmax is about 95 DEG C.

For example, threshold temperature value T0 is about -25 DEG C, temperature threshold T1 is about -10 DEG C.

Once " hot gas " mode of triggering, pumping step 61 starts, and is subjected to the following state of parameter:

As previously mentioned, valve V1 and V5 are closed, and valve V3 and V4 are opened,

The voltage Upomp at 17 terminal will be pumped to adjust to the value UpompHG1 for being advantageously dependent on external temperature,

Voltage Uhvac at the terminal of fan 4 is adjusted to value Ublower1,

Voltage Umixflap at the terminal for mixing limb is adjusted to the position passed through to maximum hot-air；

The speed Ncpr of compressor 12 is adjusted to value NcprHG1, (the packet preferably between 5000rpm and 7000rpm Include end value).

Reduce as long as the pressure (being measured if applicable by pressure sensor 93) in the exit of heat exchanger 10 is higher than The threshold pressure value PRCImin of given value DP, such as between 0.1 bar and 0.3 bar (including end value), above-mentioned parameter is maintained for In state described above.

When the pressure in the exit of heat exchanger 10 subtracts given value DP less than or equal to threshold pressure value PRCImin, Set up procedure 92 is triggered advantageously according to the following state of parameter:

As previously mentioned, valve V3 and V4 are closed,

Voltage Upomp at the terminal of pump 12 is set as value UpompHG2, is advantageously zero,

Voltage Uhvac at the terminal of fan 4 is set as value Ublower0, preferably zero,

The speed Ncpr of compressor 12 is set as maximum value Ncprmax, preferably depend on vehicle speed and/or The requirement of user.

As long as the pressure (being measured if applicable by pressure sensor 92) in the exit of compressor 12 is lower than threshold pressure Force value PRCOmaxHG, such as between 16 bars and 24 bars (including end value), above-mentioned parameter remain in state described above.

When the pressure in the exit of compressor 12 rises above or is equal to threshold pressure value PRCOmaxHG, preferably According to the following state of parameter, power rise step 63 is triggered:

As previously mentioned, valve holding and identical state in set up procedure 62,

Voltage Upomp at the terminal of pump 17 is set as value UpompHG3, so that water flow velocity is advantageously at 100 ls/h And between 250 ls/h (including end value),

Voltage Uhvac at the terminal of fan 4 is set as value UblowerHG, and

The speed Ncpr of compressor 12 is set as maximum value Ncprmax.

As long as the water temperature (being measured if applicable by temperature sensor 95) in the exit of condenser 9 is lower than threshold temperature Value (being expressed as TWCDOtarget) as long as and the exit of compressor 12 pressure be lower than threshold value PRCOmaxHG, above-mentioned parameter Remain in state described above.

When the water temperature in the exit of condenser 9 rises above threshold temperature value TWCDOtarget and/or compressor 12 When the pressure in exit rises above threshold pressure value PRCOmaxHG, advantageously according to the following state of parameter, power stability Step 64 is triggered:

The voltage Upomp at 17 terminal will be pumped to adjust to value UpompHG4 so that water flow velocity advantageously 300 liters/it is small When and 750 ls/h between (including end value),

Voltage Uhvac at the terminal of fan 4 is adjusted to value UblowerHG, and

The speed Ncpr of compressor 12 is adjusted to maximum value Ncprmax.

In power stability step 64, the speed of compressor is adjusted, so that water temperature T WCDO reaches its target TWCDOtarget, while meeting the limit of the maximum compression machine outlet pressure threshold value equal to PRCOmaxHG.

Empirical curve

As in fig. 10 it can be seen that the pressure that curve 10-1 shows the exit of compressor 12 changes with time.

It can be seen from fig. 10 that the pressure of the refrigerant fluid in the exit of compressor 12 during pumping step 61 by Gradually rise, the then decline rapidly during set up procedure 62.

At the end of set up procedure 62, pressure decline, then during power rise step 63 and power stability step 64 It is gradually increasing again.

Curve 10-2, which is shown, to be blown into the temperature of the air of passenger compartment and changes with time.

It can be seen from fig. 10 that air themperature is gradually increasing during pumping step 61, then since fan 4 stops, Decline during set up procedure 62.

Hereafter, it is gradually increasing again in power rise step 63 and power stability step 64 period temperature.

The flow velocity that curve 10-3 is shown in pump changes with time.

It can be seen from fig. 10 that water flow velocity is being gradually risen during pumping step 61 then since pump stops, rising Decline during dynamic step 62, until it reaches zero.

Hereafter, during power rise step 63 and power stability step 64, water flow velocity is gradually increasing again.

Curve 10-1 to 10-3 is obtained using following experiment parameter:

In pumping step 61, the speed of compressor 12 between 5000rpm and 7000rpm (including end value) pumps 17 Flow velocity is about 130 ls/h, and the air velocity for entering passenger compartment is set as minimum value；

In set up procedure 62, the speed of compressor is about 8500rpm, and the air velocity into passenger compartment is set as most Small value；

In power rise step 63, the speed of compressor 12 is about 8500rpm, and the flow velocity for pumping 17 is about 150 liters/and it is small When, until the pressure in the exit of compressor is about 20 bars, and the air velocity in passenger compartment is set as maximum value；And

During stabilizing step 64, the speed of compressor 12 is about 8500rpm, and the flow velocity for pumping 17 is about 600 ls/h, The pressure in the exit of compressor is maintained at 20 bars, and the air velocity for entering passenger compartment is set as maximum value.

It can be seen from fig. 10 that obtaining the power of 4650W after 17 minutes.

Equally it can be seen from fig. 10 that pumping step continues 3 minutes, set up procedure continues 2 minutes, power rise step Continue 10 minutes.

Hot preconditioning process

The present invention is additionally advantageously directed to its theme and provides a kind of motor vehicle passenger compartment for including adjusting method 60 The pre-adjusted method of heat.

Hot preconditioning approach makes it possible to carry out hot preparation to vehicle before the use.

Therefore, method 60 preferably executes before user is using its motor vehicles.

Claims

1. one kind is for adjusting the adjusting method of heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop (7), the heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning Circuit will be for that will enter the air stream of motor vehicle passenger compartment, and refrigerant fluid is in institute's heating, ventilation and/or air conditioner loop Middle circulation, the circuit include at least compressor (12) and condenser (9), and the circuit (7) is configured to including the compression It is operated in first closed circuit of machine (12) and the condenser (9) with heat pump mode, the circuit (7) is configured to that fluid is made to exist It circulates in second closed circuit, fluid is at least continually by the compressor (12) and then in second closed circuit By the condenser (9), simultaneously partially bypass first closed circuit, and again by the compressor (12) it Preceding expansion,

The adjusting method includes the steps that referred to as pumping step (61), and in the pumping step, the circuit (7) is configured to So that the refrigerant fluid to circulate in the first closed circuit is directed to second closed circuit from first closed circuit In.

2. it is as described in claim 1 for adjusting for heating, divulging information and/or the method for air conditioner loop, it is included in pumping and walks After rapid the step of being known as set up procedure (62), in the set up procedure, first closed circuit and described second is closed Circuit is closed to be disconnected from each other.

3. method according to claim 2, wherein during the set up procedure (62), deactivate second closed circuit Water pump (17).

4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein during the set up procedure, passenger compartment will be entered for driving by deactivating Air stream fan (4).

It include to be known as on power after the set up procedure (62) 5. the method as described in any one of claim 3 or 4 The step of rising step (63), during the power rise step, heating circuit is arranged so that air stream supplies passenger compartment, and And it is heated radiator (18) heating, the heating radiator is supplied by the water flow that water pump (17) is driven.

6. method as claimed in claim 5 includes the referred to as power stability step after the power rise step (63) (64) the step of, during the power stability step, by the sky of heating radiator (18) heating of second closed circuit The water flow velocity of the water pump (17) of the flow velocity of air-flow and/or second closed circuit increases.

7. method as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein when the heat exchanger (10) of first closed circuit In the pressure of refrigerant fluid when dropping to pressure threshold, trigger the set up procedure (62).

8. the method as described in any one of claim 5 to 7, wherein when the compressor (12) of second closed circuit When the pressure of the refrigerant fluid in exit rises above pressure threshold, the power rise step (63) is triggered.

9. method according to claim 8, wherein when the refrigeration in the exit of the compressor (12) of second closed circuit When the pressure of agent fluid rises above pressure threshold, the power stability step (63) is triggered.

10. the method as described in any one of claim 6 to 9, wherein when in the water pump (17) in second closed circuit When the temperature of the water of circulation is higher than temperature threshold, the power stability step (64) is triggered.

11. method as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein when external temperature the first temperature and second temperature with And when between the first temperature and second temperature, the pumping step (61) are triggered.