CN110086547A - The adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of threshold value - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation methods of n particle of threshold value.A kind of adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of threshold value of the present invention, it is characterized in that, include: that center service node prepares corresponding Entangled State, and by tangling particle is distributed to communicating pair Alice and Bob and three control group C by quantum channel accordingly1、C2、C3Any one member；Three control group C1、C2、C3The particle sent with center service node of other members be control quantum bit, using | 0 > as target quantum bit execute C-NOT operation and generate and control particle.Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1, the adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of a kind of threshold value of the invention is realized the safety and flexibility of information transmission by the adjustable optimal controlled method of threshold value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to quantum regimes, and in particular to a kind of adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum of n particle of threshold value
Teleportation method.
Background technique
Quantum information and quantum calculation are built upon principle of quantum mechanics, classical information science and traditional counting scientific basic
On emerging cross discipline.Since quantum state has the characteristics such as additivity, nonclonability and indeterminacy, so that quantum communications have
There is the unique advantage that message capacity is big, highly-safe etc., it can be with widespread adoption to the neck such as military, national defence and information security
Domain.Wherein, have benefited from Quantum Secure Direct Communication, quantum is talked with, quantum key distribution Deng Ge branch agreement has been continuously updated
Kind, the quantum communications product with practical value is gradually applied.
From Bennett et al. since 1993 proposition quantum teleportation [1], which is considered as realizing quantum communications
One of important foundation.Classical information, quantum teleportation are transmitted with quantum channel using shared tangle different from ultra dense coding
Be using it is shared tangle, local operations and classical communication are by the receiving end of a unknown quantum state teleportation a to distant place.It is measuring
In sub- Teleportation, Alice and Bob share a bell state | and ψ >ABAs quantum channel, Alice first is by particle to be sent
The measurement of bell state is carried out with one's own particle A, and measurement result is sent to Bob by classical channel.Bob is obtained
After the measurement result of Alice, the particle B possessed oneself executes corresponding Unitary transformation, can recover original to be passed
Send the state of particle.The transmitting of the information between communicating pair and information processing can be completed using quantum teleportation principle
The repeater of journey, quantum communication network will be constructed by quantum teleportation principle.
There are following technical problems for traditional technology:
It is very active to the research of quantum teleportation in recent years.2015, Pirandola [2] et al. amount of summarizing
The progress of sub- Teleportation, they have looked back the basic theories thought and its different agreements of quantum teleportation.Pass through concentration
The advantage and disadvantage that the technology of main experiment and various technologies is discussed, finally discussing open problem, challenge and future may
Realization.2017, Ren [3] et al. carried out quantum teleportation experiment with ground by Mo-tse number and shows from surface-based observing station
To the Quantum Teleportation transmission of the separate single photonic quantum state of low earth-orbit satellite, by uplink path, apart from reachable
1400 kilometers.Due to the presence of photonic losses, quantum teleportation is carried out using fiber channel or ground free space channel
Distance be about 100 kilometers.
Meanwhile for multiple level quantized system [4], more bit quantum teleportation systems [5-9] and controllable Quantum Teleportation
The research for passing state system [8-12] also produces a large amount of outstanding achievements.2015, Zhang, B. et al. proposed one and are based on
Three bit quantum state teleportation schemes of four bit Entangled States, the program are pointed out to can use four bit Entangled States, be drawn simultaneously
Enter an overhead bit and a c-Not operation to realize three bit Quantum operators [7].2016, Verma [11]
Et al. clearly propose standard quantum Teleportation and control quantum teleportation agreement, and using general quantum channel and
Measurement base analyzes the situation of complete Teleportation.Meanwhile Xu [12] et al. proposes a kind of controlled quantum teleportation agreement,
In the protocol, the quantum information of unknown state tangles particle credibly from hair by GHZ under the control of controlling party Charlie
The side of sending (Alice) is transmitted to long-range receiving end (Bob).Fixed number has been usually directed to the research of controlled quantum teleportation
Controlling party, which limit the availability of agreement and flexibilities, if certain controlling parties cannot provide service sometimes, entirely
Agreement just cannot achieve.
[1]C.H.Bennett,G.Brassard,et al.Teleporting an unknown quantum state
via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels.Phys.Rev.Lett.,1993,
70(13)
[2]Pirandola S.,Eisert J.,Weedbrook C.,et al.Advances in quantum
teleportation.Nature Photonics,2015,9(10):5439-5439.
[3]Ren J.G.,Xu P.,Yong H.L.,et al.Ground-to-satellite quantum
teleportation.Nature,2017,549(7670):70-73
[4]S.K.Goyal,P.E.Boukama-Dzoussi,S.Ghosh,etal.,“Qudit-Teleportation
for photons with linear optics”,Nature Scientific Reports,2014,4(13):4543
[5]Li,YH.,Li,XL.,Nie,LP.,et al.,“Quantum Teleportation of Three and
Four-Qubit State Using Multi-qubit Cluster States”,International Journal of
Theoretical Physics,2016,55(3):1820-1823
[6]Li,Z.,Long,LR.,Zhou,P.,et al.,“Probabilistic multiparty-controlled
teleportation of an arbitrary m-qubit state with a pure entangled quantum
channel against collective noise”,Science China Physics Mechanics&Astronomy,
2012,55(12):2445-2451
[7]Zhang,B.,Liu,X.,Wang,J.,et al.,“Quantum Teleportation of a Three-
qubit State using a Four-qubit Entangled State”,International Conference on
Computer,2015,53(12):4079-4082
[8]Wang,JW.,Shu,L.,Mo,ZW.,et al.,“Controlled Teleportation of a Qudit
State by Partially Entangled GHZ States”,International Journal of Theoretical
Physics,2014,53(8):2867-2873
[9]Zhou,P.,Li,XH.,Deng,FG.,et al.,“Multiparty-controlled
teleportation of an arbitrary m-qudit state with pure entangled quantum
channel”,Journal of Physics A Mathematical&Theoretical,2012,40(43):13121-
13130
[10]Cao H.J.,Yu Y.F.,Song Q.,et al.A Quantum Proxy Weak Blind
Signature Scheme Based on Controlled Quantum Teleportation.International
Journal of Theoretical Physics,2015,54(4):1325-1333
[11]Verma V.,PrakashH.,Standard Quantum Teleportation and Controlled
Quantum Teleportation of an Arbitrary N-Qubit Information State.International
Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2016,55 (4): 2061-2070
[12] Xu X., Wang X., Controlled Quantum Teleportation via the
GHZEntangled lons in the lon-Trapped System.International Journal of
Theoretical Physics, 2016,55 (8): 3551-3554.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum of n particle of threshold value
Teleportation method, we construct a kind of adjustable any unknown n of threshold value using quantum teleportation principle in this agreement
Particle optimal controlled quantum teleportation constructing plan transmits a unknown quantum state between Alice and BobIn order to
Realize the safety and flexibility of communication, we introduce three control groups, and every group there can be any number of members.In quantum channel
Determination during, every group can arbitrarily choose member and carry out single-particle measurement, and announce measurement result.Control member it is more more more
It can satisfy the requirement of flexibility, because not interfering with still the case where can not providing service entirely occurs in individual member at this time
Communication process.Involved technology has a large amount of theoretical and experiment basis in scheme, so being practicable.In addition, association
The designed bell state measurement of view and single-particle measurement and four kinds of tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches operations all have practicability and feasibility, so
Our scheme is simple and easy.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of adjustable any unknown n particle of threshold value it is optimal by
Control quantum teleportation method, comprising:
Center service node prepares corresponding Entangled State, and corresponding particle is distributed to communicating pair Alice and Bob,
And three control group C1、C2、C3Any one member；
The center service node prepares corresponding Entangled State, including Entangled State needed for two kinds of bell states and controlling party
GHZ state and W state.Two of them bell state, GHZ state and W state have following form:
Then the integrality of system can be expressed as form:
Bell state is formed from particle A, B known to above formula | ψi>AB(i=0,1).
Assuming that particle to be sent is single-particle: | ψn>=α | 0 >+β | 1 >, wherein α, β meet to be plural | α |2+|β|2
=1.Then whole system state can be write as:
It can be summarized from above formula, the positive behaviour that controlling party measurement result, the measurement result of Alice and Bob are needed to be implemented
It is as follows: between work
Three control groups C1、C2、C3Number of members can be according to practical business demand dynamic change, and each control
The state for the particle that all members are held in processed group is identical.The particle distribution of center service node is believed by quantum
What road was completed.
Three control group C1、C2、C3The particle sent with center service node of other members be control quantum bit, with |
0 > as target quantum bit execution C-NOT operation generation control particle；Wherein C-NOT operation has such characteristic: working as control
Quantum bit is | 0 > when, target quantum bit status remain unchanged；When control quantum bit status is | 1 > when, target quantum ratio
Special state overturning.This ensure that all members in each group possess the control particle of same state.
Three control groups C1、C2、C3It can be made of arbitrary number of members and it is necessary to indicate the reliability of system
It can be improved with the increase of number of members, because of the control group of multiple member compositions, can permit what going offline occurred in few members
Situation.So every group is at least picked out a member, the control particle which possesses it out of its group in three control groups
Execute single-bit measurement.
Three control groups pick out any one member out of its group respectively, and the control particle which possesses it carries out
Single-bit measurement, while particle n to be transmitted and particle A is carried out bell measurement by Alice, and announces them respectively by classical channel
From measurement result；If measurement result is identical, prove that their state of a control is GHZ state, if not exactly the same,
It is proved to be W state.
Particle n to be transmitted and particle A is carried out bell measurement, gained measurement result by the Alice
|ψ>nAFor the form of four kinds of bell states: | ψi>nA(i=0,1,2,3).Wherein,
Bob executes corresponding unitary transformation according to the measurement result of controlling party and the measurement result of Alice, to particle B, thus
Restore the state of particle n to be transmitted.Wherein unitary transformation has following form:
By establishing a plurality of channel, the quantum state that Alice can be made of one n Anomalous particleIt is stealthy
It is transmitted to Bob.
In one of the embodiments,
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of a kind of threshold value of the invention, by door
The adjustable optimal controlled method of limit value come realize information transmission safety and flexibility, so in unknown state to be sentIn transmission process, three control groups are introduced, every group there can be any number of members.In determining for quantum channel
Cheng Zhong, every group can arbitrarily choose member and execute single-particle measurement, and announce measurement result.The control member the more more can satisfy
The requirement of flexibility entirely communicated because individual member's appearance at this time does not interfere with still the case where can not providing service
Journey.
2, the adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of a kind of threshold value of the invention, due to
What is finally established between source node Alice and destination node Bob is bell state quantum channel, single-particle required by whole process
What measurement, the measurement of bell base, classical communication and four kinds of local operations were possible to, and agreement itself is easy to use.
3, the adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of a kind of threshold value of the invention, control
The number of group is that dynamic is adjustable, so either applying in the high or low scene of security requirement, the program can
Generate optimal control result.It is simultaneously participated in wherein secondly, control process does not need all control members, avoiding problems a
In the case that other member can not provide service, the case where causing entire communication process to be unable to complete, and then improve scheme implementation
Flexibility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of threshold value of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the center in the adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of threshold value of the present invention
Service node carries out the schematic diagram of particle distribution to source node Alice, destination node Bob and three control groups.
Fig. 3 is the middle source section of the adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of threshold value of the present invention
After setting up Bell channel between point Alice and destination node Bob, the transmission of source node Alice teleportation particle n is illustrated
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, so that those skilled in the art can be with
It more fully understands the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
Main realization thought of the invention is: in being based on quantum communication system, source node Alice and destination node Bob
Under the assistance of control group, the form of quantum channel between the two is determined, to complete unknown quantum stateTeleportation
Pass process.The particle that few members possess oneself in two control groups carries out single-particle measurement, and public to Alice and Bob
Cloth measurement result.Alice and Bob can parse the form of specific quantum channel between the two, to promote the height of information
Effect, safe transmission.
See Fig. 2, a kind of adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of threshold value of the present invention should
Method specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1, center service node prepare corresponding Entangled State, and corresponding particle is distributed to communicating pair Alice
And Bob and three control group C1、C2、C3Any one member；
The center service node prepares corresponding Entangled State, including Entangled State needed for two kinds of bell states and controlling party
GHZ state and W state.Two of them bell state has following form:
Then the integrality of system can be expressed as form:
Bell state is formed from particle A, B known to above formula | ψi>AB(i=0,1).
Assuming that particle to be sent is single-particle: | ψn>=α | 0 >+β | 1 >, wherein α, β meet to be plural | α |2+|β|2
=1.Then whole system state can be write as:
It can be summarized from above formula, the positive behaviour that controlling party measurement result, the measurement result of Alice and Bob are needed to be implemented
It is as follows: between work
Three control groups C1、C2、C3Number of members can be according to practical business demand dynamic change, and each control
The state for the particle that all members are held in processed group is identical.The particle distribution of center service node is believed by quantum
What road was completed.
Step 2, three control group C1、C2、C3The particle sent with center service node of other members be control quantum ratio
Spy, using | 0 > as target quantum bit execute C-NOT operation generate control particle；
Three control groups C1、C2、C3The particle sent with center service node of other members be control quantum ratio
Spy, using | 0 > as target quantum bit execute C-NOT operation generate control particle；Wherein C-NOT operation has such characteristic:
When the state of control quantum bit is | 0 > when, target quantum bit status remain unchanged；When control quantum bit status is | 1 >
When, the overturning of target quantum bit status.This ensure that all members in each group possess the control particle of same state.
Three control groups C1、C2、C3It can be made of arbitrary number of members and it is necessary to indicate the reliability of system
It can be improved with the increase of number of members, because of the control group of multiple member compositions, can permit what going offline occurred in few members
Situation.So every group is at least picked out a member, the control particle which possesses it out of its group in three control groups
Execute single-bit measurement.
Step 3, three control groups pick out any one member out of its group respectively, the control grain which possesses it
Son executes single-bit measurement, while particle n to be transmitted and particle A is carried out bell measurement by Alice, and is announced by classical channel
Their own measurement result；
Three control groups pick out any one member out of its group respectively, the control particle which possesses it
Single-bit measurement is executed, if measurement result is identical, proves that their state of a control is GHZ state, if not exactly the same,
Then it is proved to be W state.
Particle n to be transmitted and particle A is carried out bell measurement by the Alice, gained measurement result | and ψ >nAFor four kinds of bell
The form of state: | ψi>nA(i=0,1,2,3).Wherein,
Step 4, Bob execute corresponding tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches change to particle B according to the measurement result of controlling party and the measurement result of Alice
It changes, to restore the state of particle n to be transmitted.By establishing a plurality of channel, Alice can be by one by n Anomalous particle structure
At quantum stateTeleportation is to Bob.
The Bob executes corresponding unitary transformation according to the measurement result of controlling party and the measurement result of Alice, to particle B,
Wherein unitary transformation has following form:
The particle n to be transmitted is quantum stateAny one particle, by the teleportation of n paths,
Alice can be by unknown quantum stateTeleportation is to Bob.
A concrete application scene of the invention is described below:
We are with quantum stateTransmission for example, wherein α, β are plural number, and are met |
α|2+|β|2=1.
Step 1, center service node prepare corresponding Entangled State, and corresponding particle is distributed to communicating pair Alice
And Bob and three control group C1、C2、C3Any one member；
The center service node prepares corresponding Entangled State, including Entangled State needed for two kinds of bell states and controlling party
GHZ state and W state.Two of them bell state, GHZ state and W state have following form:
Then the whole Entangled State of system can be expressed as form:
Bell state is formed from particle A, B known to above formula | ψi>AB(i=0,1).
Assuming that particle to be sent is single-particle: | ψn>=α | 0 >+β | 1 >, then whole system state can be write as:
It can be summarized from above formula, the positive behaviour that controlling party measurement result, the measurement result of Alice and Bob are needed to be implemented
It is as follows: between work
Assuming that the measurement result of controlling party is identical, it can speculate that the shared Quantum Entangled States between them are
|GHZ>c1c2c3, then Bob is in the measurement state for learning Alice | ψ1>nAIn the case where, he only need to oneself
Particle B executes positive operation U2Can by the state of particle B from
Revert to the reset condition of particle n to be transmitted:
If a n particle quantum state, it is only necessary to which establishing n transmitting path can be completed entire teleportation process.
A kind of adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of threshold value of the present invention passes through threshold value
Under the implementation of adjustable optimal controlled scheme, the unknown Quantum operators between two terminal nodes are completed, should be referred to
Out, three control groups of introducing, every group can have any number of members.During the determination of quantum channel, every group can appoint
Meaning chooses member and executes single-particle measurement, and announces measurement result.The control member the more more can satisfy the requirement of flexibility, because
Occur not interfering with entire communication process still the case where service can not be provided for individual member at this time.
Embodiment described above is only to absolutely prove preferred embodiment that is of the invention and being lifted, protection model of the invention
It encloses without being limited thereto.Those skilled in the art's made equivalent substitute or transformation on the basis of the present invention, in the present invention
Protection scope within.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of adjustable any unknown optimal controlled quantum teleportation method of n particle of threshold value characterized by comprising
Center service node prepares corresponding Entangled State, and corresponding particle is distributed to communicating pair Alice and Bob, and
Three control group C1、C2、C3Any one member；
The center service node prepares corresponding Entangled State, including Entangled State GHZ state needed for two kinds of bell states and controlling party
With W state.Two of them bell state has following form:
Then the integrality of system can be expressed as form:
Bell state is constituted from particle A, B known to above formula | ψi>AB(i=0,1).
Assuming that particle to be sent is single-particle: | ψn>=α | 0 >+β | 1 >, wherein α, β meet to be plural | α |2+|β|2
=1.Then whole system can be write as:
Three control groups C1、C2、C3Number of members can be according to practical business demand dynamic change, and each control group
In the quantum state of particle held of all member be identical.The particle distribution of center service node is by quantum channel
It completes.
Three control group C1、C2、C3The particle sent with center service node of other members be control quantum bit, with | 0 > make
C-NOT operation, which is executed, for target quantum bit generates control particle；Wherein C-NOT operation has such characteristic: when control quantum
Bit is | 0 > when, target quantum bit status remain unchanged；When control quantum bit is | 1 > when, target quantum bit status turn over
Turn.This ensure that all members in each group possess the control particle of same state.
Three control groups C1、C2、C3It can be made of arbitrary number of members and it is necessary to indicate that the reliability of system can be with
The increase of number of members and improve, because of the control group of multiple member compositions, can permit the case where few members go offline.
So every group is at least picked out a member out of its group in three control groups, the control particle which possesses it is carried out
Single-bit measurement.
Three control groups pick out any one member out of its group respectively, and the control particle which possesses it executes digital ratio
Spy's measurement.If the measurement result of three groups is all identical, prove that their state of a control is GHZ state, if incomplete phase
Together, then it is proved to be W state.Particle n to be transmitted and particle A is executed bell measurement by Alice simultaneously, and announces it by classical channel
Respective measurement result；The measurement result of Alice | ψ >nAFor the form of four kinds of bell states: | ψi>nA(i=0,1,2,3).Its
In,
Bob executes corresponding unitary transformation according to the measurement result of three control groups and the measurement result of Alice, to particle B, thus
Restore the state of particle n to be transmitted.Wherein unitary transformation has following form:
By establishing a plurality of channel, the quantum state that Alice can be made of one n Anomalous particleTeleportation
To Bob.
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