CN110084535A - The overall evaluation method of building material product and building materials combination product health hazard - Google Patents
The overall evaluation method of building material product and building materials combination product health hazard Download PDFInfo
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- G06Q10/0635—Risk analysis of enterprise or organisation activities
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Abstract
The invention discloses the overall evaluation methods of building material product and building materials combination product health hazard, comprising the following steps: S1, summarizes to the type and rating information of health hazard, generates chemicals health hazard classification and classification aggregation table；S2, classify according to chemicals health hazard and be classified aggregation table, and referring to Chemicals Database and/or Chemical Safety Data Sheet by the way of color identifier, work out chemicals health hazard label scaling criterion；S3, the composition information for obtaining building material product obtain health hazard classification and the rating information of building material product by the health hazard classification and classification computation rule of mixture；S4, according to Chemical Safety Data Sheet, obtain health hazard classification and the rating information of building material product；S5, when the health hazard classification of building material product in step S3 and step S4 is consistent with rating information, then according to the health hazard label scaling criterion of chemicals, determine the health hazard label of building material product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection of the harmful substance of building material product or the technical fields of characterization, and in particular to a kind of building material product
With the overall evaluation method of building materials combination product health hazard.
Background technique
Currently, China's real estate rapidly develops, the evaluation of indoor air quality is just becoming focal issue concerned by people
One of.
Since the last century 70's, as organic synthesis material is widely used in interior decoration, directly result in
In house, volatile organic compounds (VOC) especially in New Dwelling is largely distributed in architecture indoor space, this is greatly
It is degrading architecture indoor air quality.In addition, needing in energy conservation, modern architecture airtightness is more and more stronger, this gives indoor outer space
Gas exchange circulation causes great obstruction.
Wherein, VOC is the english abbreviation of volatile organic compounds (volatile organic compounds), herein
Using boiling point as judgment basis, organic compound of all boiling points not higher than 280 DEG C belongs to VOC scope.
The prior art is often detected using by experiment, the concentration or burst size of test target hazardous substance, with detection
The size of result value characterizes the superiority and inferiority of building material product environmental-protecting performance, and such method can bring following disadvantage:
(1) the harm ingredient of careless mistake is limited, only focuses on hazardous substance related with national standard or professional standard, limitation
Target hazardous substance in detection means；
(2) existing method is that the poisonous and harmful substance data of product are obtained by the means of detection, for a production
Product, harmful substance size can be according to determination method, experimenter, rules of origin (batch, production technology), experimental situation
Etc. factors and change；
(3) harmful substance and its content size can only be informed, consumer can not directly obtain the danger of health possessed by product
Evil type and the size respectively endangered.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the overall evaluation methods of a kind of building material product and building materials combination product health hazard, specifically relate to
And a kind of method for going the evaluation building material product feature of environmental protection from health hazard angle, the method for the present invention can solve the above problems, and from
The angle of health hazard provides selection to consumer and supports.
Overall evaluation method regards building material product as a certain compounding substances, chemically the angle of product goes evaluation is whole to be good for
Health endangers size, and this method is suitable for all building material products, is particularly suitable for chemically reacting in production or use process
Product.
Technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
The overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard, comprising the following steps:
S1, it is contacted from the angle contacted with air according to chemicals classification and risk publicity general rule to from air
There are the harm types and rating information of risk to summarize to human health for approach, generate chemicals health hazard classification with
It is classified aggregation table；
S2, classify according to the health hazard of the chemicals and be classified aggregation table, referring concurrently to Chemicals Database and/or
Chemical Safety Data Sheet works out the health hazard label scaling criterion of chemicals by the way of color identifier；
S3, the component information for obtaining building material product, and the building material product is regarded as by raw material and/or by reaction product
The mixture of composition is obtained by health hazard classification and the classification computation rule and/or the Chemicals Database of mixture
The health hazard classification of building material product and rating information；
S4, the Chemical Safety Data Sheet according to building material product obtain the health hazard classification of building material product and divide
Grade information；
S5, when the health hazard classification of building material product in step S3 and step S4 is consistent with rating information, then according to institute
The health hazard label scaling criterion for stating chemicals, determines the health hazard label of building material product；
S6, when the health hazard classification of building material product in step S3 and step S4 and inconsistent rating information, need to confirm
The accuracy of the Chemical Safety Data Sheet of the component information and building material product of building material product carries out again after the completion of confirmation
Step is stated, determines the health hazard label of the building material product.
Preferably, in the step S1:
It is described from air route of exposure to human health there are the harm type of risk be carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction
Cell mutagenicity, acute toxicity, serious eye injury/Eye irritation, skin corrosion/stimulation, breathing/skin allergy, primary contact
Specific target organ toxicity, the specific target organ toxicity that contacts repeatedly.
Further, it is preferable that in the step S1:
S111, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction cell mutagenicity are classified as group 1, and according to health hazard degree pair
Health hazard in group 1 is successively labeled with red, two kinds of colors of yellow；
S112, by acute toxicity, serious eye injury/Eye irritation, skin corrosion/stimulation and breathing/skin allergy, once connect
The specific target organ toxicity of touching, the specific target organ toxicity contacted repeatedly are classified as group 2, and according to health hazard degree pair
Health hazard in group 2 is successively labeled with yellow, green two kinds of colors.
Preferably, the health hazard label scaling criterion of the chemicals are as follows:
S21, when chemicals has the health hazard of group 1 and/or group 2, need to be selected according to " harm is tended towards superiority " principle
Hazard rating is clear and the highest compromise data of grade is as judgment basis；
S22, when navigating to the chemicals in the Chemicals Database and the Chemical Safety Data Sheet
Harm classification be group 1, but when can not navigate to the hazard rating of the chemicals, then to the health hazard of the chemicals
Grade is labeled as shortage of data, and indicates that it endangers risk with red, i.e. red-shortage of data；
Or,
When the danger for navigating to the chemicals in the Chemicals Database and the Chemical Safety Data Sheet
When doing harm to classification for group 2, but the hazard rating of the chemicals can not be navigated to, then to the health hazard grade of the chemicals
It is labeled as shortage of data, and indicates that it endangers risk with yellow, is i.e. yellow-shortage of data；
S23, it is positioned less than describedization when in the Chemicals Database and the Chemical Safety Data Sheet
When product, and health hazard information is unknown, is marked at this time to the health hazard of the chemicals using blank.
S24, when the chemicals have group 1 health hazard when, need to be according to the health hazard label of the chemicals
Scaling criterion identifies the health hazard of the chemicals；
Or,
It, need to be according to the health hazard label mark of the chemicals when the chemicals only has the health hazard of group 2
It fixes, to identify the health hazard of the chemicals.
Preferably, in the step S21:
The red expression health hazard is relatively high, should be avoided in formula and the substance occurs；
The yellow indicates health hazard rather moderate, allows to occur in formula, but should find safer substitute
Matter；
The green indicates that health hazard is relatively low, is the safe substance of comparison；
The blank mark indicates that health hazard is unknown, can not determine that it endangers size.
Preferably, in the step S3, health hazard classification and the classification computation rule of the mixture are as follows:
If S31, described mixture itself have been determined the test of its toxicity, according to obtained experimental data and chemistry
The health hazard grade scale of product is classified and is classified；
If S32, the mixture are without the whole test data that can use its determining toxicity, according to bridge formation principle to mixed
The health hazard for closing object is classified and is classified；
S33, when the bridge formation principle is not applicable, then need to be classified according to the health hazard of component each in mixture with
Ranked data to carry out harm classification and classification to the mixture.
Preferably, the Chemicals Database, comprising:
Hazardous chemical catalogue and/or international cancer research institution, World Health Organization carcinogenic substance inventory and/or California 65
Number motion chemical substance inventory and/or label and Package Ordinances-attachment VI.
Preferably, the representation method of the building material product health hazard label are as follows:
The health hazard of building material product is marked with default label color.
The present invention also provides the Health hazard assessments methods of building materials combination product, include the following steps:
S7, the composition inventory according to combination product, determine objective appraisal substance；
S8, for paint or coating, putty, adhesive, ink, according to the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard
Determine the color of its health hazard label；
S9, for additive, the face of its health hazard label is determined according to the health hazard label scaling criterion of chemicals
Color.
Preferably, the representation method of the building materials combination product health hazard label are as follows:
The health hazard degree of objective appraisal substance described in building materials combination product is marked with default label color.
In conclusion the present invention provides a kind of overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard, may be implemented following beneficial
Effect:
1, method range of value provided by the invention is more extensive, the institute that can be introduced to additions all in building material product or indirectly
There is component to be evaluated, the target hazardous substance being not limited in detection means.
2, method provided by the invention can embody specific health hazard, endanger component or substance for any, can be from it
It the health hazard type that has and endangers size and identifies, can be truly realized hazardous substance is corresponding with human health.
3, the present invention is in order to allow ordinary consumer to better understand the feature of environmental protection of bought product, using three kinds of red, yellow, and green
Hazard rating mark is simple, intuitive, eye-catching, quickly can identify and be perceived.
4, method evaluation result provided by the invention is reproducible, more preferably reliably, is produced except non-product changes raw material
Product upgrade (can re-start hazard assessment at this time), and evaluation result will not change because of batch, production technology, environmental factor etc.
Become, more reliability.
5, method provided by the invention can integrally establish a health hazard label, bigger meaning to building material product
It is the health hazard size for knowing bought product that can will be apparent that for ordinary consumer.
Specific embodiment
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, table explanation will be compareed below
A specific embodiment of the invention.It should be evident that the embodiment in being described below is only some embodiments of the present invention, it is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also obtain according to these embodiments
Other embodiments.
Overall evaluation method regards building material product as a certain compounding substances, chemically the angle of product goes evaluation is whole to be good for
Health endangers size, and this method is suitable for all building material products, is particularly suitable for chemically reacting in production or use process
Product.
Embodiment 1
The overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard, comprising the following steps:
S1, it selects from the angle contacted with air according to " chemicals classification and risk publicity general rule " from air
There are the harm types of certain risk to human health for route of exposure；And according to the grade scale (GB of different health hazards
30000.18-2013~GB 30000.26-2013), generate health hazard classification and the classification aggregation table of chemicals；
S2, according to the health hazard degree of chemicals and classification and classification aggregation table, referring concurrently to Chemicals Database and/
Or Chemical Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), by the way of color identifier, the health hazard label calibration for working out chemicals is quasi-
Then；
S3, the component information for obtaining building material product, and the building material product is regarded as by raw material and/or by reaction product
The compounding substances (including reaction product and raw material residual, the substance for content lower than 0.1% can not be considered) of composition,
The health of building material product is obtained with classification computation rule and/or the Chemicals Database by the health hazard classification of mixture
Harm classification and rating information；
S4, the Chemical Safety Data Sheet according to building material product obtain the health hazard classification of building material product and divide
Grade information；
S5, when the health hazard classification of building material product in step S3 and step S4 is consistent with rating information, then according to institute
The health hazard label scaling criterion for stating chemicals, determines the health hazard label of building material product；
S6, when the health hazard classification of building material product in step S3 and step S4 and inconsistent rating information, need to confirm
The accuracy of the Chemical Safety Data Sheet of the component information and building material product of building material product carries out again after the completion of confirmation
Step is stated, determines the health hazard label of the building material product.
In the present embodiment, method provided by the invention can integrally establish a health hazard label to building material product,
Bigger meaning is the health hazard size for knowing bought product that can will be apparent that for ordinary consumer；And the present invention
The method of offer carries out product up-gradation (can re-start hazard assessment at this time) except non-product changes raw material, and evaluation result is not
It can change because of batch, production technology, environmental factor etc., more reliability.
Embodiment 2
This specific embodiment discloses the class categories of chemicals health hazard in embodiment 1.
It is carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction cell there are the harm type of risk to human health from air route of exposure
Mutagenicity, acute toxicity, serious eye injury/Eye irritation, skin corrosion/stimulation, breathing/skin allergy, specific target organ
Toxicity (primary contact), specific target organ toxicity (contacting repeatedly).
In the present embodiment, according to GB13690-2009 " chemicals classification and risk publicity general rule ", the health of chemicals
Danger is divided into 10 classifications, be respectively as follows: carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction cell mutagenicity, acute toxicity, serious eye injury/
Eye irritation, skin corrosion/stimulation, breathing/skin allergy, specific target organ toxicity (primary contact), specific target organ poison
Property (repeatedly contact), sucking risk.
Wherein, according to definition, suck risk be liquid or solid chemical be directly entered by oral cavity or nasal cavity or because
Vomiting enters tracheae and lower respiratory system indirectly, causes death etc. after chemical pneumonia, different degrees of injury of lungs or sucking tight
Weight acute effect.From the angle contacted with air, it is not belonging to the harm classification for needing to be concerned, therefore do not examine herein
Amount.
Specifically, in step S1:
S111, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction cell mutagenicity are classified as group 1, and according to health hazard degree pair
Health hazard in group 1 is successively labeled with two kinds of red (Red), yellow (Yellow) colors；
S112, by acute toxicity, serious eye injury/Eye irritation, skin corrosion/stimulation and breathing/skin allergy, once connect
The specific target organ toxicity of touching, the specific target organ toxicity contacted repeatedly are classified as group 2, and according to health hazard degree pair
Health hazard in group 2 is successively labeled with yellow (Yellow), green (Green) two kinds of colors.
In the present embodiment, from the angle contacted with air, referring concurrently to GB13690-2009, " chemicals is classified and danger
Dangerous publicity general rule ", the health hazard of chemicals is classified and is divided into 2 classes according to its degree of danger, wherein group 1 represents most healthy
Harm influence is maximum, and group 2, which represents health hazard, to be influenced generally.
It is made according to the grade scale (GB 30000.18-2013~GB 30000.26-2013) of different health hazards
" health hazard of chemicals classification and classification aggregation table " such as table 1 show:
Table 1
Specifically, Chemicals Database includes:
" hazardous chemical catalogue ", " international cancer research institution, World Health Organization carcinogenic substance inventory ", " California 65 mentions
Case chemical substance inventory ", " the newest highest attention surrounding material of REACH " and " REACH regulation limit list of substances-REACH it is attached
Part Ⅹ VII ", " EU chemicals classification, label and Package Ordinances-attachment VI " or other are related with chemicals health hazard
Database.Database Lists are as shown in table 2:
Table 2
Specifically, the health hazard label scaling criterion of chemicals are as follows:
S21, when chemicals has the health hazard of group 1 and/or group 2, need to be selected according to " harm is tended towards superiority " principle
Hazard rating is clear and the highest compromise data of grade is as judgment basis；
S22, when the harm for navigating to chemicals in Chemicals Database and Chemical Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Classification is group 1, but when can not navigate to the hazard rating of chemicals, is then labeled as data to the health hazard grade of chemicals
It lacks (Data Gap, DG), and indicates that it endangers risk with red, is i.e. red-shortage of data (Red-DG)；
And/or
When the harm classification for navigating to chemicals in Chemicals Database and chemical producting safety specification (MSDS) is group
Other 2, but when can not navigate to the hazard rating of chemicals, then shortage of data is labeled as to the health hazard grade of chemicals
(Data Gap, DG), and indicate that it endangers risk with yellow, i.e. yellow-shortage of data (Yellow-DG).
S23, when in the physical security technical specification (MSDS) in Chemicals Database and chemicals positioning less than this
When chemicals, and health hazard information is unknown, is marked at this time to the health hazard of chemicals using blank.
S24, when the chemicals have group 1 health hazard when, need to be according to the health hazard label of the chemicals
Scaling criterion identifies the health hazard of the chemicals；
Or,
It, need to be according to the health hazard label mark of the chemicals when the chemicals only has the health hazard of group 2
It fixes, to identify the health hazard of the chemicals.
The health hazard label scaling criterion of group 1 is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
The health hazard label scaling criterion of group 2 is as shown in table 4:
Table 4
Wherein: red indicates that health hazard is relatively high, should be avoided in formula and the substance occurs；Yellow indicates health danger
Rather moderate is done harm to, allows to occur in formula, but safer substitute materials should be found；Green indicates health hazard relatively
It is low, it is the safe substance of comparison；Blank mark indicates that health hazard is unknown, can not determine that it endangers size.
In the present embodiment, in the health hazard assessment rules of chemicals, it is necessary to follow two principles:
It endangers type to tend towards superiority principle: when there are in group 1 (carcinogenicity, genotoxicity or cell mutagenicity) for chemicals
When any compromise data, then the label that endangers of the chemicals endangers harm label decision rule pointed by type according to group 1.
Hazard rating is tended towards superiority principle: for any health hazard, selecting the highest data of hazard rating as the chemicals
Health hazard label judgment basis.
When chemicals has the harm in group 1 (carcinogenicity, genotoxicity or reproduction cell mutagenicity):
It (1) must be with reference to the carcinogenicity in all databases and MSDS that table 2 is listed, genotoxicity, reproduction cell
Mutagenicity information；
(2) it when indefinite to carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, the classification of reproduction cell mutagenicity in a certain database, then uses
" DG " identifies the hazard rating (DG=Data Gap) in the database；
(3) principle of " harm is tended towards superiority " is followed, it may be assumed that
As long as A, having any database to identify the chemicals has carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction cell mutagenicity,
Assert the chemicals, there are corresponding health hazard risks；
B, when multiple Database Identifications chemicals has carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction cell mutagenicity risk,
It selects hazard rating clearly and the highest data of grade is as the carcinogenicity of the chemicals, genotoxicity, reproduction cell mutagenesis
Property data.
The revision of DG:
When a certain health hazard in group 1 can not be classified, hazard rating, the entirety of the chemicals are marked with DG at this time
Label is Red-DG.
When chemicals has the health hazard of group 2:
It (1) must be with reference to hazardous chemical catalogue, EU CLP-Annex VI CMRs inventory and the MSDS that table 2 is listed
In compromise data；
Remarks: the hazard rating in these three types of databases is identical, therefore can not have to basis when carrying out and endangering label calibration
Database distinguishes.
(2) when indefinite to hazard rating in a certain database, then the hazard rating in the database is identified with " DG "
(DG=Data Gap)；
(3) principle of " harm is tended towards superiority " is followed, it may be assumed that
As long as A, there is any database to identify the chemicals with health hazard, assert that the chemicals has corresponding health
Endanger risk；
B, when multiple Database Identifications chemicals has a certain health hazard, select hazard rating clear and grade most
Data information of the high data as the health hazard.
The revision of DG:
When a certain health hazard in group 2 can not be classified, hazard rating, the entirety of the chemicals are marked with DG at this time
Label is Yellow-DG.
Red-DG indicates that health hazard label may be biased to Yellow or Green on the basis of Red, but currently without definite
Data determined；Yellow-DG indicates that health hazard label may be biased to Green on the basis of Yellow, but does not have at present
There are exact data to be determined.
When health hazard is not present in chemicals:
(1) it if the chemicals can be found in the database and MSDS of table 2, only (is for example good for there is no health hazard
Health harm is not classified, temporarily without health hazard data etc.), the harm label of the chemicals is green (Green) at this time；
(2) if the chemicals can not find in the database and MSDS of table 2, need to follow following principle at this time:
A, rule of thumb judge, which is not belonging to health hazard product, and for example water itself is not belonging to the object to health hazard
Matter, therefore can directly be determined as green (Green), for another example titanium dioxide, no longer exist after in conjunction with coating with powder,
It is negligible by air route of exposure healthhazard at this time, i.e., health hazard label is green (Green)；
B, in addition, when can not rule of thumb judge some chemicals, then the chemicals itself is labeled as blank, table at this time
Show that its health hazard is uncertain, it is understood that there may be control unknown risks.
In the present embodiment, it, which is not one determining as a result, can be according to follow-up data, is indicated to chemicals mark DG
It supplements and perfect, returns in table 3 or 4.
Embodiment 3
This specific embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1 defined the health hazard classification of mixture, mixture
Health hazard classification with classification computation rule:
If S411, mixture itself have been determined the test of its toxicity, according to obtained experimental data and chemicals
Health hazard grade scale classified and be classified；
If S412, mixture are without the whole test data that can use its determining toxicity, according to bridge formation principle to mixing
The health hazard of object is classified and is classified；
S413, when bridge formation principle is not applicable, then need to be classified according to the health hazard of component each in mixture and point
Grade data to carry out harm classification and classification to mixture.
In the present embodiment, bridge formation principle is if do not tested mixture itself, but to single group of mixture
Divide or the data of proof similar mixtures have sufficiently been grasped, it is sufficient to the hazard property of the mixture is suitably determined,
So these data will be used according to following agreed bridge formation principle.This can ensure that assorting process uses available data as much as possible
The hazard property of mixture is determined, without carrying out appended experimental to animal.Bridge formation principle includes:
(1) it dilutes
If the mixture for doing overtesting is diluted with diluent, the toxicity category and original components Poisoning of diluent
Minimum is equal or lower than it, and the diluent will not influence corrosivity/irritation of other components, then diluted new
Mixture can divide into and the original rank that do the mixture of overtesting equal.
(2) product batches
Mixture had made a production batch of toxicity test, it is believed that actually with same manufacturer production or
The toxicity of another untested product batches of the same commercial product produced at the control is identical, unless having reason to recognize
For the toxicity of not test (N.T.) product batches has significant change.If latter situation occurs, need to carry out new classification.
(3) concentration of high toxicity mixture
The mixture for having made overtesting is divided into classification 1, if the concentration of component for belonging to classification 1 in the mixture increases,
Then obtained untested mixture still divides classification 1 into, without being separately tested.
(4) same toxicity classification interpolation
Three kinds of identical mixtures of component (A, B and C), mixture A and mixture B belong to same toxicity by test
Classification, and mixture C is not after tested, but contains the active component of toxicology identical as mixture A and mixture B, and its activity
The concentration of component and the concentration in mixture A and mixture B are very close, then mixture C should belong to same rank with A and B.
(5) substantially like mixture
It is assumed that following situations:
A. two kinds of mixtures: 1. A+B；②C+B
B. the concentration of component B is essentially identical in two kinds of mixtures；
C. mixture 1. in component A concentration be equal to mixture 2. in component C concentration；
D. the toxicity data of known A and C, and these data are substantially the same, i.e., and they belong to the identical class of risk,
And the toxicity of B may not be influenced.
If 1. or 2. mixture has been classified according to test data, another mixture can turn to identical danger
Rank.
(6) aerosol
Toxicity when if the propellant being added has no effect on mixture by spraying, the mixing of this aerosol form
Object oral and the class of risk identical with the mixture of the tested non-aerosol state of industry can be divided into through dermal toxicity.Wherein
The toxicity on inhalation classification of aerosol class should individually consider.As shown in table 5 below: table 5 is applicable in for the different bridge formation principles for endangering type
Property aggregation table.
Table 5
When bridge formation principle is not applicable, then the health hazard classification and ranked data according to component each in mixture are needed
(GB 30000.18-2013~GB 30000.26-2013) to carry out harm classification and classification to mixture, and difference endangers classification
Computation rule it is different, it is specific as follows.
1, acute toxicity
(1) all components have data available in mixture
To ensure that mixture classification is accurate, and ensure that all systems, department and classification only need to be calculated once, it should be by
The acute toxicity estimated value (ATE) of component is calculated according to following factor:
A. there is the component for the known acute toxicity for belonging to any acute toxicity classification of homogeneous classification method, which should receive
Enter to calculate；
B. the not no component (such as water, sugar) of acute toxicity, which should not be included in calculating；
C. if the factor should not be included in meter when the data grasped are tested from threshold dose and do not show acute toxicity
It calculates.
Belong to the component of this segment limit, it is believed that be component known to acute toxicity estimated value (ATE).How following etc.
1. or 2. given data is correctly applied in formula, the annotation b and following formula for being shown in Table 1.
1. according to following formula, by calculating the ATE value of all related components, come determine mixture it is oral, through skin
Or the ATEmix of toxicity on inhalation,
(2) one or more components of mixture do not have data available
A, the individual components of mixture do not have ATE, but obtained following message can be used for exporting scaled value, then can apply
Formula is 1..Specifically include following situations:
A. oral, through the extrapolation between skin and sucking acute toxicity estimated value.Such assessment may need appropriate
Pharmacodynamic Data and pharmacokinetic data；
B. human contact's evidence is marked with poisonous effect, but without providing lethal dose data；
C. the evidence obtained in other toxicity test/analyses shows that substance has acute poison effect, but not necessarily mentions
For lethal dose data evidence；
D. pass through structure-activity relation from the extremely similar resulting data of substance.
This method usually requires a large amount of complementary technology information, it is also desirable to have one to do some training very often, is veteran special
Family, could reliably estimate acute toxicity.If needing to be assessed according to following without such information.
It, can if B, there is the information that concentration is useful without any pair of hazard rating not less than 1% component in mixture
Infer the lopsided estimated value that the mixture does not determine.In this case, it should only mixture be carried out according to main constituent
Classification, and in addition illustrate, the x% of mixture is grouped as by the unknown group of toxicity.
It, should be using formula 1. if C, the unknown component total concentration of acute toxicity is not more than 10%.If toxicity is not
When the component total concentration known is greater than 10%, then should 2. be calculated according to formula:
2, skin corrosion/irritation
Skin corrosion/irritation harm classification of mixture is other than application bridge formation principle, mainly with critical value/concentration
The application of limit value, the whole harm classification using the harm classification of its ingredient as mixture are specific as shown in table 6: table 6 is mixing
Skin corrosion/irritating critical value/concentration limit principle of object.
Table 6
The chemical component of partial skin harmfulness, including acid, alkali, inorganic salts, aldehydes, phenol and interfacial activity
Agent will judge the whole harm of its mixture then with concentration limit or pH value, and specific rules are as shown in table 7: table 7 is mixture
Skin corrosion/other irritating determination methods.
Table 7
3, serious eye injury/Eye irritation
Serious eye injury/Eye irritation harm classification of mixture is other than application bridge formation principle, mainly with critical value/dense
The application for spending limit value, the whole harm classification using the harm classification of its ingredient as mixture, specific as shown in table 8: table 8 is mixed
Close critical value/concentration limit principle of the serious eye injury/eye irritation of object.
Table 8
The chemical component of partial skin harmfulness, including acid, alkali, inorganic salts, aldehydes, phenol and interfacial activity
Agent will judge the whole harm of its mixture then with concentration limit or pH value, and specific rules are as shown in table 9: table 9 is mixture
Other determination methods of serious eye injury/eye irritation.
Table 9
4, skin allergy/respiratory tract anaphylaxis
The skin allergy of mixture/respiratory tract anaphylaxis harm classification in addition to application bridge formation principle other than, mainly with critical value/
The application of concentration limit, the whole harm classification using the harm classification of its ingredient as mixture are specific as shown in table 10: table 10
For mixture skin allergy/respiratory tract anaphylaxis critical value/concentration limit principle.
Table 10
5, reproduction cell mutagenicity
The reproduction cell mutagenicity harm classification of mixture is other than application bridge formation principle, mainly with control value/dense
The application for spending limit value, the whole harm classification using the harm classification of its ingredient as mixture, specific as shown in table 11: table 11 is
The critical value of mixture reproduction cell mutagenicity/concentration limit principle.
Table 11
6, carcinogenicity
The carcinogenicity harm classification of mixture is mainly answered other than application bridge formation principle with control value/concentration limit
With the whole harm classification using the harm classification of its ingredient as mixture is specific as shown in table 12: table 12 is that mixture is carcinogenic
Critical value/concentration limit principle of property.
Table 12
7, genotoxicity
The genotoxicity harm classification of mixture in addition to application bridge formation principle other than, mainly with control value/concentration limit it
Using the whole harm classification using the harm classification of its ingredient as mixture is specific as shown in table 13: table 13 is that mixture is raw
Grow critical value/concentration limit principle of toxicity.
Table 13
8, specific target organ toxicity (primary contact)
Specific target organ toxicity (primary contact) harm classification of mixture other than application bridge formation principle, mainly with
The application of control value/concentration limit, the whole harm classification using the harm classification of its ingredient as mixture, as shown in table 14:
Table 14 is critical value/concentration limit principle of mixture specific target organ toxicity (primary contact).
Table 14
9, specific target organ toxicity (contacting repeatedly)
Specific target organ toxicity (repeatedly contact) harm classification of mixture other than application bridge formation principle, mainly with
The application of control value/concentration limit, the whole harm classification using the harm classification of its ingredient as mixture, specifically such as 15 institute of table
Show: table 15 is critical value/concentration limit principle of mixture specific target organ toxicity (contacting repeatedly).
Table 15
Embodiment 4
This specific embodiment further defines objective appraisal substance on the basis of embodiment 1, including, building materials health danger
The representation method of evil label are as follows:
The health hazard of building material product is marked with default label color, as shown in table 16:
| Name of product | Health hazard label |
| XXX | Green |
Table 16
Embodiment 5
This specific embodiment is disclosed according to the evaluation method in embodiment 1-4, by taking silicone sealant product as an example, according to
Overall evaluation method, Health hazard assessments result are as shown in table 17:
Table 17
Basic evaluation thinking:
(1) the sealing neutral silicone resin product forms information because belonging to chemical seasoning in use, therefore after obtaining reaction
As the constituent component of product, as shown in table 18:
| Ingredient names | Content |
| Calcium carbonate | 30-50% |
| Silica | 1-8% |
| Carbon black | 0.2-2% |
| Plasticizer: dimethicone | > 0.1% |
| Catalyst: dibutyl tin dilaurate | < 0.1% |
| Diacetylmonoxime | 0.1-1% |
| Organosilicon three-dimensional network macromolecular | 33-55% |
Table 18
(2) the health hazard data of each component, as shown in table 19:
Table 19
(3) in the health hazard calculated result of finished product, hypersensitive is H (High), is mainly derived from diacetylmonoxime-skin
Skin sensitization (classification 1).It particularly points out, for the mixture containing 0.1%-1% skin sensitizer, according to Health hazard assessments
Rule must identify the hypersensitive of mixture.
(4) in addition, indicating " may cause cutaneous anaphylaxis " in the MSDS file of the sealing neutral silicone resin, but do not have
Further data indicates therefore the degree size of hypersensitive is identified with DG；
(5) in conclusion according to chemicals health hazard label scaling criterion, the sealing neutral silicone resin health danger
Evil label is Yellow.
Embodiment 6
This specific embodiment discloses the Health hazard assessments method of building materials combination product, includes the following steps:
S7, the composition inventory according to combination product, determine objective appraisal substance；
S8, for paint or coating, putty, adhesive, ink, according to the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard
Determine the color of its health hazard label；
S9, for additive, the face of its health hazard label is determined according to the health hazard label scaling criterion of chemicals
Color.
The representation method of building materials combination product health hazard label are as follows:
The health hazard degree of objective appraisal substance described in building materials combination product is marked with default label color.
In the present embodiment, combination product refers to the product being made of two or more different kind of material, for decoration
Finishing material, generally include wood-based plate, floor, impregnated paper, scientific and technological wood skin, the wooden facing, door, cabinet, skirting, wallpaper, carpet,
Office furniture etc..
By taking solid wooden compound floor as an example, health hazard indicates as shown in table 20:
Table 20
Basic evaluation thinking:
1, the solid wooden compound floor raw material inventory provided according to manufacturer, determines that objective appraisal substance is respectively as follows: UV woodenware
Paint and melamine modified urea-formaldehyde glue, as shown in table 21；
Table 21
2, the health hazard label evaluation result of each objective appraisal substance
(1) UV woodcare paint
1. the UV woodcare paint obtains group of the composition information as evaluation after reaction because belonging to chemical seasoning in use
Point, as shown in table 22:
Table 22
2. the health hazard data of each component, as shown in table 23:
Table 23
3. according to mixture health hazard computation rule, the final health hazard data of the UV woodcare paint product are as follows: health
Harm temporarily without classification data,
4. therefore, according to the health hazard label scaling criterion of chemicals, the final health hazard label of the UV woodcare paint
For Green.
(2) melamine modified urea-formaldehyde glue
1. the melamine modified urea-formaldehyde glue obtains composition information work after reaction because belonging to chemical seasoning in use
It is as shown in table 24 for the component of evaluation:
| Ingredient names | Content |
| Melamine urea formaldehyde condensate | 53%-58% |
| Formaldehyde | < 0.3% |
| Water | 42%-47% |
Table 24
2. the health hazard data of each component, as shown in Table 25:
Table 25
3. according to mixture health hazard computation rule, the final health hazard data of the melamine modified urea-formaldehyde glue
Are as follows: carcinogenicity-classification 1A, skin sensitizer-classification 1；Also, it is described, is deposited according to the MSDS of the melamine modified urea-formaldehyde glue
Health hazard have: may cause skin allergy, carcinogenicity-classification 1 is consistent with mixture calculated result；
4. therefore, according to " the Health hazard assessments rule of chemicals ", the health hazard of the melamine modified urea-formaldehyde glue
Label is Red.
Reference
(1) " GB 30000.18-2013: chemicals classification and the 18th part of Label specifications: acute toxicity "
(2) " GB 30000.19-2013: chemicals classification and the 19th part of Label specifications: skin corrosion/stimulation "
(3) " GB 30000.20-2013: chemicals classification and the 20th part of Label specifications: serious eye injury/Eye irritation "
(4) " GB 30000.21-2013: chemicals classification and the 21st part of Label specifications: skin/respiratory tract sensitization "
(5) " GB 30000.22-2013: chemicals classification and the 22nd part of Label specifications: reproduction cell mutagenicity "
(6) " GB 30000.23-2013: chemicals classification and the 23rd part of Label specifications: carcinogenicity "
(7) " GB 30000.24-2013: chemicals classification and the 24th part of Label specifications: genotoxicity "
(8) " GB 30000.25-2013: chemicals classification and the 25th part of Label specifications: specific target organ toxicity one
Secondary contact "
(9) " GB 30000.26-2013: chemicals classification and the 26th part of Label specifications: specific target organ toxicity is anti-
Multiple connection touching "
(10) " classification of GB 13690-2009 chemicals and risk publicity general rule "
(11) " GB/T 16483-2008 Chemical Safety Data Sheet content and project order "
(12) " GB/T 17519-2013 Chemical Safety Data Sheet writes guide "
(13) " hazardous chemical catalogue (2015 editions) "
(14) " international cancer research institution, World Health Organization carcinogenic substance inventory "
(15) " the motion chemical substance inventory of California 65 "
(16) " the newest highest attention surrounding material of REACH "
(17) " REACH regulation limits list of substances-REACH attachment Ⅹ VII "
(18) " EU chemicals classification, label and Package Ordinances-attachment VI "
(19) " GB 30000.20-2013: chemicals classification and Label specifications "
It should be noted that above-described embodiment can be freely combined as needed.The above is only of the invention preferred
Embodiment, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, in the premise for not departing from the principle of the invention
Under, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard, which comprises the following steps:
S1, from the angle contacted with air, according to chemicals classification and risk publicity general rule, to from air route of exposure
To human health, there are the harm types and rating information of risk to summarize, and generates the health hazard classification and classification of chemicals
Aggregation table；
S2, classify according to the health hazard of the chemicals and be classified aggregation table, referring concurrently to Chemicals Database and/or chemistry
Product safe practice specification works out the health hazard label scaling criterion of chemicals by the way of color identifier；
S3, the component information for obtaining building material product, and the building material product is regarded as by raw material and/or is made of reaction product
Mixture, building materials are obtained with classification computation rule and/or the Chemicals Database by the health hazard of mixture classification
The health hazard classification of product and rating information；
S4, the Chemical Safety Data Sheet according to building material product, the health hazard classification for obtaining building material product are believed with classification
Breath；
S5, when the health hazard classification of building material product in step S3 and step S4 is consistent with rating information, then according to describedization
The health hazard label scaling criterion of product, determines the health hazard label of building material product；
S6, when the health hazard classification of building material product in step S3 and step S4 and inconsistent rating information, need to confirm building materials
The accuracy of the Chemical Safety Data Sheet of the component information and building material product of product carries out above-mentioned step again after the completion of confirmation
Suddenly, the health hazard label of the building material product is determined.
2. the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1:
It is described from air route of exposure to human health there are the harm type of risk be carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction cell
Mutagenicity, acute toxicity, serious eye injury/Eye irritation, skin corrosion/stimulation, breathing/skin allergy, the spy once contacted
Anisotropic target organ toxicity, the specific target organ toxicity contacted repeatedly.
3. the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step S1:
S111, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, reproduction cell mutagenicity are classified as group 1, and according to health hazard degree to group
Health hazard in 1 is successively labeled with red, two kinds of colors of yellow；
S112, it by acute toxicity, serious eye injury/Eye irritation, skin corrosion/stimulation and breathing/skin allergy, once contacts
Specific target organ toxicity, the specific target organ toxicity contacted repeatedly are classified as group 2, and according to health hazard degree to group
Health hazard in 2 is successively labeled with yellow, green two kinds of colors.
4. the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the chemicals is good for
Health endangers label scaling criterion are as follows:
S21, when chemicals has the health hazard of group 1 and/or group 2, harm need to be selected according to " harm is tended towards superiority " principle
Classification is clear and the highest compromise data of grade is as judgment basis；
S22, when the danger for navigating to the chemicals in the Chemicals Database and the Chemical Safety Data Sheet
When doing harm to classification for group 1, but the hazard rating of the chemicals can not be navigated to, then to the health hazard grade of the chemicals
It is labeled as shortage of data, and indicates that it endangers risk with red, is i.e. red-shortage of data；
Or,
When the harm class for navigating to the chemicals in the Chemicals Database and the Chemical Safety Data Sheet
Not Wei group 2, but when can not navigate to the hazard rating of the chemicals, then the health hazard grade of the chemicals is marked
For shortage of data, and indicate that it endangers risk with yellow, i.e. yellow-shortage of data；
S23, it is positioned less than the chemicals when in the Chemicals Database and the Chemical Safety Data Sheet
When, and health hazard information is unknown, is marked at this time to the health hazard of the chemicals using blank.
S24, when the chemicals have group 1 health hazard when, need to be demarcated according to the health hazard label of the chemicals
Criterion identifies the health hazard of the chemicals；
Or,
When the chemicals only has the health hazard of group 2, need to be demarcated according to the health hazard label of the chemicals quasi-
Then identify the health hazard of the chemicals.
5. the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that in the step S21:
The red expression health hazard is relatively high, should be avoided in formula and the substance occurs；
The yellow indicates health hazard rather moderate, allows to occur in formula, but should find safer substitute materials；
The green indicates that health hazard is relatively low, is the safe substance of comparison；
The blank mark indicates that health hazard is unknown, can not determine that it endangers size.
6. the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S3,
The health hazard classification of the mixture and classification computation rule:
If S31, described mixture itself have been determined the test of its toxicity, according to obtained experimental data and chemicals
Health hazard grade scale is classified and is classified；
If S32, the mixture are without the whole test data that can use its determining toxicity, according to bridge formation principle to mixture
Health hazard classified and be classified；
S33, when the bridge formation principle is not applicable, then need to be classified according to the health hazard of component each in mixture and be classified
Data to carry out harm classification and classification to the mixture.
7. the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the chemicals data
Library, comprising:
Hazardous chemical catalogue and/or international cancer research institution, World Health Organization carcinogenic substance inventory and/or California 65 mention
Case chemical substance inventory and/or label and Package Ordinances-attachment VI.
8. the overall evaluation method of building material product health hazard as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the building material product is strong
Health endangers the representation method of label are as follows:
The health hazard degree of building material product is marked with default label color.
9. the Health hazard assessments method of building materials combination product, including the building material product as described in any one of claim 1~8
The overall evaluation method of health hazard, which comprises the steps of:
S7, the composition inventory according to combination product, determine objective appraisal substance；
S8, for paint or coating, putty, adhesive, ink, according to building material product health hazard overall evaluation method determine
The color of its health hazard label；
S9, for additive, the color of its health hazard label is determined according to the health hazard label scaling criterion of chemicals.
10. the overall evaluation method of building materials combination product as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the building materials combination product is strong
Health endangers the representation method of label are as follows:
The health hazard degree of objective appraisal substance described in building materials combination product is marked with default label color.
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