CN110083100A - A kind of SCM Based electronic timer - Google Patents
A kind of SCM Based electronic timer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110083100A CN110083100A CN201910371597.3A CN201910371597A CN110083100A CN 110083100 A CN110083100 A CN 110083100A CN 201910371597 A CN201910371597 A CN 201910371597A CN 110083100 A CN110083100 A CN 110083100A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F10/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by electric means
- G04F10/02—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by electric means using oscillators with passive electric resonator, e.g. lumped LC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
- G06F15/76—Architectures of general purpose stored program computers
- G06F15/78—Architectures of general purpose stored program computers comprising a single central processing unit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/21—Pc I-O input output
- G05B2219/21014—Interface, module with relays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25039—Clock
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25252—Microprocessor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25257—Microcontroller
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of SCM Based electronic timers, comprising: governor circuit, display circuit restart circuit, control relay circuit, I/O mouthful circuit, key switch circuit；Display circuit, restart circuit, control relay circuit, I/O mouthful circuit, key switch circuit is connect with governor circuit；Governor circuit includes single-chip microcontroller；Single-chip microcontroller includes clock circuit；Clock circuit includes oscillator and frequency divider；Oscillator includes amplifier and crystal resonator；Amplifier is connect with crystal resonator；Amplifier is set to inside single-chip microcontroller, the external connection of crystal resonator and single-chip microcontroller.Adjustable accuracy of the present invention and range, can frequently use, basic function is complete, small in size, light-weight, using flexible easy to operate, price is low, low in energy consumption, the service life is long, solve the problems, such as that traditional timer function based on analogue technique is simple and the large scale equipment system complex of application digital technology, using inflexible, there is better adaptability and marketability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of electric power, specifically, in particular to a kind of SCM Based electronic timer.
Background technique
Electronic timer is commonly used on the living conditions, such as stopwatch, clock and watch class, electric appliance of various timings etc.；In industry
It is generally embedded into control in large scale equipment as timing automatic control module；Also have in the field of medicine and is applied, timer
It is designed into medical instrument.Fixed point prompting or automatic control function generally are realized by the way that timer module is added, and are greatly reduced
The cost manually monitored, while also timing is more accurate.
Traditional timer is to realize that function is simple based on analogue technique, with the rise of a large amount of digital technology, tradition
Timer be not able to satisfy the demand of people gradually；In addition the large scale equipment of digital technology is applied, although multiple functional, system is multiple
It is miscellaneous, but use is inflexible, and applicability is little.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of SCM Based electronic timers.
The technical solution is as follows:
On the one hand, a kind of SCM Based electronic timer is provided, comprising: governor circuit, restarts electricity at display circuit
Road, control relay circuit, I/O mouthfuls of circuits, key switch circuits；
The display circuit, restart circuit, control relay circuit, I/O mouthful circuit, key switch circuit with the master
Control circuit connection；
The governor circuit includes single-chip microcontroller；The single-chip microcontroller includes clock circuit；The clock circuit includes oscillator
With frequency divider；
The oscillator, for generating basic oscillator signal；The frequency divider, for being divided the oscillator signal
Frequently, corresponding clock is obtained；
The oscillator includes amplifier and crystal resonator；The amplifier is connect with the crystal resonator；It is described
Amplifier is set to inside the single-chip microcontroller, the external connection of the crystal resonator and the single-chip microcontroller.
Optionally, the single-chip microcontroller includes central processing unit, data storage, program storage, Timer/Counter, string
Line interface, interrupts system, three big buses at parallel interface；The three big bus includes control bus, address bus and line number according to total
Line；The single-chip microcontroller uses STC89C52RC chip.
Optionally, the display circuit uses liquid crystal display, and the LCD types are LCD1602.
Optionally, described to restart circuit for hand-reset.
Optionally, the control relay circuit is controlled using electromagnetic relay.
Optionally, the key switch circuit uses independent connection formula.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention has the benefit that
A kind of SCM Based electronic timer provided by the invention has the function of clocking capability, timing, control power supply
The basic functions such as cutting function, liquid crystal display.Adjustable accuracy and range, can frequently use, basic function it is complete, solve and be based on
Traditional timer function simple question of analogue technique；
Using the large scale equipment of digital technology, although multiple functional, system complex, use is inflexible, and applicability is not
Greatly.A kind of SCM Based electronic timer provided by the invention, using flexible small in size, light-weight, easy to operate, price
Low, low in energy consumption, the service life is long, has better adaptability and marketability.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of SCM Based electronic timer of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the crystal oscillating circuit module map of the clock circuit of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the single-chip microcontroller internal structure chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the single-chip microcontroller pinouts of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the display circuit module figure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the present invention restarts circuit module figure；
Fig. 7 is the control relay circuit module map of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the key switch circuit module map of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
The present invention provides a kind of SCM Based electronic timers, referring to Fig. 1, comprising: governor circuit 100, display
Circuit 200 restarts circuit 300, control relay circuit 500, I/O mouthfuls of circuits 400, key switch circuit 600；The display electricity
Road 200, restart circuit 300, control relay circuit 500, I/O mouthfuls of circuits 400, key switch circuit 600 with the master control
Circuit 100 connects；
The governor circuit 100 includes single-chip microcontroller；The single-chip microcontroller includes clock circuit；The clock circuit includes oscillation
Device and frequency divider；
The oscillator, for generating basic oscillator signal；The frequency divider, for being divided the oscillator signal
Frequently, corresponding clock is obtained；
The oscillator includes amplifier and crystal resonator；The amplifier is connect with the crystal resonator；It is described
Amplifier is set to inside the single-chip microcontroller, the external connection of the crystal resonator and the single-chip microcontroller.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the clock circuit design of system is the internal type used, that is, utilizes the vibration of chip interior
Swing circuit, STC89C52 chip interior have one for constituting the high gain inverting amplifier of oscillator, XTAL1 pin with
The input terminal and output end of XTAL2 pin amplifier thus respectively, this amplifier then with crystal outside the piece as feedback element
Resonator forms a self-excited oscillator, external crystal resonator and capacitor C1 (20PF) together and capacitor C2 (20PF) is constituted
Antiresonant circuit, capacitor take 30PF or so, access in the feedback loop of amplifier.Value to external capacitor is although without stringent
Requirement, but the size of capacitor generally can all influence the stabilization of the height of oscillator frequency, the rapidity of starting of oscillation, oscillator
Property, temperature stability, therefore, the value of the crystal oscillator of this circuit system is 11.0592MHz, and capacitor should select as far as possible
Ceramic condenser is selected, capacitance is about 20PF, and when welding printed circuit board, crystal oscillator and capacitor should be mounted so as to and list as far as possible
Piece machine core piece is close, to reduce parasitic capacitance, better ensures that oscillator stabilization and reliably works.
Optionally, referring to Fig. 3, the single-chip microcontroller includes central processing unit, data storage, program storage, timing/meter
Number device, parallel interface, interrupts system, three big buses at serial line interface；The three big bus include control bus, address bus and
Line data/address bus；The single-chip microcontroller uses STC89C52RC chip.
Specifically, STC89C52RC chip is the product of STC Corporation's high density and nonvolatile storage technologies production, is
COMS8 8-digit microcontroller, inside chip are 51 serial core chips, and FlashE2PROM reservoir is contained in inside, and program storage is empty
Between size be 8K byte.There are three the timer/counter of sixteen bit, six interrupt sources, wherein respectively by outside for inside tool
Disconnected 0, external interrupt 1, timer/counter 0, timer/counter 1, timer/counter 2 form, and two-stage is interrupted preferential
Grade.
Characteristic with high-performance low-power-consumption: having very wide working power voltage (2.7V~6V), when work is in 3V electricity
In the case of pressure, electric current is equivalent to 1/4 when 6V operating voltage.Dynamic current is 5.5 milliamperes, and idle state is 1 milliampere, when power down
For 20 Naans, therefore it is suitable for battery power supply type system.
Meanwhile STC89C52RC chip can be configured to 0HZ by software realization battery saving mode-frequency of oscillation, (two kinds
Battery saving mode be<1>idle mode in the case of, processor stops working, RAM, serial ports, interruption, timer, counter keep after
Continuous work.<2>in the case of power down protection working method, processor stops working, and the content of random access memory (RAM) is saved down
Coming, oscillator operation is frozen, wholly off work inside single-chip microcontroller, until next interruption is activated or hardware reset,
Single-chip microcontroller is reworked.
Other than the above characteristic also:
1, encryption is strong.
2, superpower anti-interference ability: antistatic effect is strong, light to cross the interference of 2KV/4KV fast-pulse, wide-voltage range, no
Be afraid of power jitter, wide temperature range (- 40~85).
3, it reduces the interference of external electromagnetic radiation: can such as select 6 clocks, machine cycle by carrying out that ALE is forbidden to export,
External clock drop half waits measures to reduce interference of the electromagnetic radiation to single-chip microcontroller internal clocking.
4, high-efficient high with performance.
In order to improve execution efficiency and improve performance, single chip application multiple technologies, including microprocessing, number
Word signal processing technology, pipelining etc..Microprocessing accelerates the place of processor by the way that instruction set is independent
Speed is managed, working efficiency is improved；Pipelining divides fetching instruction, decoding, access, executes four modules execution, subtracts significantly
The execution time of few each instruction；Received analog signal is converted to digital signal by Digital Signal Processing, to number
After signal carries out a series of processing, finally output is analog signal, greatly increases the processing capacity of signal, improves
The performance of single-chip microcontroller.Other than the raising of technical aspect, be also embodied by: the memory capacity of single-chip microcontroller increases, addressability mentions
High, clock frequency raising etc..In addition microcomputer development language is typically chosen C language, so that the difficulty of exploitation lowers.
5, low price
The price of single-chip microcontroller is low to be mainly manifested in two aspects: first is that the cost of single-chip microcontroller itself is low, second is that singlechip chip
Usage amount is more, and the businessman of production is also more, and competitiveness is big, and businessman is more willing to get a profit in the form of catchpenny.
6, operating power consumption is low, can directly download when work and program in system, the function comprising wanting programmable device and emulator
The central processing unit (CPU) is the central control unit of single-chip microcontroller, with memory, input-output equipment composition three
Instruction (i.e. fetching) is mainly taken out in the work of big core component, central processing unit from cache register, is put into instruction
It in register and is decoded and (is decoded), last executed instruction (executes).Central processing unit is capable of handling data width
Eight binary data or codes.
The data storage (RAM) also known as can random access memory, program operation during, might have
Data be written data storage in, while also can read data memory content, therefore also known as can random access memory, number
It is mainly used as the preservation in program operation process to some intermediate processing datas according to memory, will not be lost because of power down.
Application program and some data constant of the described program memory (ROM) for storage system work, it is therein interior
Hold and be once written and cannot change, and power-down conditions occurs not influence the content of program storage.
Plus 1 counter there are three 16 programmable Timer/counters for the single-chip microcontroller, i.e.,.Counts mould can be achieved
Formula and timing mode generate interruption.The single-chip microcontroller has more perfect interrupt function, and there are six interrupt sources altogether.There are 2
External interrupt, 3 Timer/Counters are interrupted and 1 serial interruption, can meet different control requirements.And it is preferential with 2 grades
Rank selects that second-level interrupt nesting can be achieved.
The parallel interface includes parallel input port, parallel output mouth, and parallel port refers to sending or receiving data
When can multidigit simultaneously send either multidigit simultaneously receive data, be generally used for the data transmission of relatively short distance, transmission speed is fast.
The serial line interface uses full duplex serial port, and the advantages of serial communication is capable of reaching away from maximum for transmittable data
Several kms, serial port are generally used for transmitting data by turn, and full duplex serial port refers to while sending or receiving by turn data, pass
Defeated speed is slow compared with parallel port.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, referring to table 1, the pin function of the single-chip microcontroller is as follows:
1, power supply: a. power input meets+5V power supply-VCC
B. ground terminal-VSS
2, external crystal oscillator pin: oscillating circuit input terminal-XTAL1 in a. piece
B. output end of oscillating circuit-XTAL2 in piece
3, pin: a.RST/VPP: reset pin is controlled, when powering on by key reset, presses RST key, power supply passes through
After the electric resistance partial pressure of additional reset circuit, the end RST generates a reset high level, and high level can continue continuous two machines
In the case where period, SCM system enters reset operation.
B.ALE/PROG: address latch allows signal
C.PSEN: external memory read strobe signal
D.EA/VPP: two functions, EA is the operative position of program storage selection, and as EA=1, system executes single-chip microcontroller
Internal storage is partially extending into external memory portion beyond internal storage, EA=0 can only system only select to execute outside
Portion's program storage.Programming pulse is provided when VPP internal program memory is erasable and is written.
4, I/O mouthfuls: STC89C52 single chip has 4 groups 8 programmable inputs, output pins, respectively P0, P1, P2, P3
Mouthful, each serial ports has 8 (8 pins), and totally 32)
A.P0 mouthfuls: 8 two-way I/O mouth lines, respectively P0.0~P0.7
P0 mouthfuls can not only be used for common I/O mouthfuls of use, but also as address, data/address bus mouth, when address, data/address bus,
It is a veritably bidirectional interface；It is open-drain output, only a quasi-bidirectional interface, should connect pull-up when making general purpose I/O output
Resistance.P0 mouthfuls can again can byte addressing, by bit addressing.Make input terminal in use, needing first set.P0 mouthfuls can drive 8
Transistor-transistor logic circuit TTL load (English is Transistor-TransistorLogic).
B.P1 mouthfuls: quasi- two-way I/O mouthfuls, eight, pin is respectively P1.0~P1.7 (1 pin to 8 pins)
P1 mouthfuls are usually only made I/O mouthfuls, are a quasi-bidirectional interfaces, and output driving is connected to pull-up resistor, are not drain electrode output, no
With external pull-up resistor.Can byte addressing, can also be by bit addressing.4 TTL loads can be driven.As input terminal in use, needing
Want first set.
C.P2 mouthfuls: the 8 two-way I/O mouth lines of standard, respectively P2.0~P2.7 (21 pins to 28 pins)
P2 mouthfuls be also quasi-bidirectional interface, it and the P1 mouthful differences in structure be more than a multipath conversion open the light and reverse phase
Device, so having the function of that general purpose I/O Interface or high eight-bit address bus export two kinds.When from P2 mouthfuls of input datas, first Xiang Suocun
Device one writing.P2 mouthfuls can byte addressing, can also be by bit addressing.When the high eight-bit address bus as external extended menory makes
Used time exports the information of high eight-bit address A8-A15.4 TTL loads can be driven.
D.P3 mouthfuls: the 8 two-way I/O mouth lines of standard, respectively P3.0~P3.7 (10 pins to 17 pins
P3 mouthfuls are a Multifunctional mouths, are a quasi-bidirectional interfaces when as universaling I/O port.When from P3 mouthfuls of input datas,
First to latch one writing.Can be by bit addressing, it can also byte addressing.4 TTL loads can be driven.
1 single-chip microcontroller pin function of table
Optionally, the display circuit 200 uses liquid crystal display, and the cardinal principle of liquid crystal display is stimulated with electric current
Liquid crystal molecule to generate point, line, surface and back side fluorescent tube is cooperated to constitute picture.Because being needed using charactron as when display
The enough serial ports of single-chip microcontroller are occupied, while numeral method content is single, liquid crystalline phase is for charactron compared with horn of plenty (liquid crystal
Typically seven sections of 8 words or 16 sections of intermediate rice font, and liquid crystal can show various ASCLL codes)；Charactron is
It is self luminous, and liquid crystal is by backlighting environment (liquid crystal is hatching effect caused by being deflected by molecule)；In addition charactron is more than liquid crystal
Consume electricity.In the embodiment, LCD types LCD1602, the every row of liquid crystal can show 16 characters, in total two rows.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 5, there are some characters, each character inside the character generation read only memory of the liquid crystal display
Corresponding corresponding address needs to read the address of this character then according to address reading data when showing some character
Content, the pronunciation of character address are first to read the address of left side file as the hexadecimal number of low level, then read the address of row
As high-order hexadecimal number, the merging of a low level high position is exactly the address of the character.Assuming that the display of character " R ", tabling look-up can
The address for knowing the character is 01010010B, i.e. 52H, this address is inputted when as long as writing code, liquid crystal will show character
"R".Character in memory includes common Arabic numerals, there are also some uncommon symbols, such as Japanese for English alphabet
Assumed name etc..The liquid crystal display can only identify ASCLL code, therefore generally pass through two ways: 1, indirect assignment word when assignment
Symbol or variable assignments；2, using ASCLL code assignment, character is then read according to appropriate address.
Operating voltage that there are two types of the liquid crystal displays, respectively 3.3 volts and 5 volts, wherein contrast is adjustable.Liquid crystal
Show include inside device reset circuit, the display data memory (display data memory DDRAM) containing 80 bytes,
192 5 × 7 points of CGROM (character generator), 8 can be by the CGRAM-Custom of user (user) customized 5X7
Glyph RAM (character generator or image custom feature).The liquid crystal display can realize various control order, comprising:
Clear screen, character blinking, cursor is shown, cursor flashes, cursor is mobile, whole screen moves to left, whole screen moves to right etc., belongs to low-power consumption, body
Product is less than normal, shape is ultra-thin light and handy, and display is abundant in content, suitable for low-power consumption application system either pocket meter.
Specifically, the pin of liquid crystal display is as follows:
1, the 1st pin: power ground-VSS
2, the 2nd pin: power end meets 5V positive pole-VCC
3, the 3rd pin: V0 is the setting contrast end of display, and contrast refers to same point in most bright and most dark ratio
Value, by adjusting the clarity of setting contrast vision.
4, the 4th pin: register select command end-RS
5, the 5th pin: read-write selection end-RW
6, the 6th pin: enable signal end (enable) -- E (or EN)
7, the 7th~14 pin: 8 bidirectional data ports.
8, the 15th~16 pin: empty foot or back light power end.Wherein 15 pin BLA are backlight positive terminal, and 16 pin BLK are
Backlight negative pole end.
Optionally, described to restart circuit 300 for hand-reset.The reset of single-chip microcontroller is generally realized by peripheral circuit, multiple
Position pin RST realizes the connection with reset circuit by connection Schmitt trigger, can achieve suppression using Schmitt trigger
The effect of noise processed, in each S5P2- machine cycle, reset circuit samples the output level of a Schmitt trigger, obtains
Obtain signal required for internal reset operates.Referring to Fig. 6, in circuit diagram, the size of capacitor is 10uf, and the size of resistance is
1k.So calculated according to formula, can calculating capacitor charging, (power supply of single-chip microcontroller is 5V, so filling to 0.7 times of supply voltage
Electricity is 3.5V to 0.7 times), the time needed is 1K × 10UF=0.01S.That is in the 0.01S of launch computer, electricity
Increase when holding the voltage at both ends in 0~3.5V.The voltage at this when of 10K resistance both ends is to reduce (series circuit from 5~1.5V
The sum of voltage is total voltage everywhere).So voltage received by RST pin is 5V~1.5V in 0.01S.It is normal in 5V
Voltage signal in 51 single-chip microcontrollers of work less than 1.5V is low level signal, and the voltage signal greater than 1.5V is high level letter
Number.So SCM system automatically resets, and (the high level signal time that RST pin receives is 0.01S in booting 0.01S
Left and right).
Optionally, the control relay circuit 500 is controlled using electromagnetic relay.Relay is output quantity with input
There is the electronic automatic controller part of another result in output quantity when amount reaches a definite value, and wherein input quantity is mainly manifested in
Electricity, light, magnetic, heat etc..Relay has the operation is stable, using easy, service life is longer, structure is simple, has safety can
By property the characteristics of.Relay is generally divided into two kinds: first is that taking the form of the electric information of electric current, voltage, power, frequency etc.
Relay, second is that taking the form of the non-electrical class relay of temperature, speed, pressure etc..Be widely used in electric power protection,
In the devices such as remote control, automation, movement and communication.Relay itself has control and controlled two kinds of systems (or to input back
Road and output loop), generally all it is applied in automatic control circuit, it is substantially one " opening the light automatically ", with lesser electricity
Flow away a kind of automatic switch of control larger current.So be normally applied relay guarantees that automatic adjustment, safety are protected in circuit
The effects of shield, conversion circuit.
Specifically, Fig. 7 is participated in, electromagnetic relay is mainly made of several parts, it is to provide coil, the iron core of suction first,
When energized, iron core can be due to galvanomagnetic-effect and with attractive；Followed by armature, when energized, iron core band is magnetic, and can inhale
Draw armature, so that the both ends of armature are separately connected " normally-closed contact " and " normally opened contact ", makes to be connected by control circuit, on the contrary phase
Instead；It is finally contact reed, contact reed is so that when coil voltage is zero, and armature can be because the elastic force of contact reed be automatic
Armature is flicked, makes to be not turned on by control circuit.
Specifically, the basic parameter of relay is as follows:
(1) rated operational voltage: electronic product can all have a voltage rating, and voltage rating is being also known as electronic product just
Normal operating voltage.When being lower than voltage rating, work can be unstable or cannot work, and when being higher than voltage rating, easily causes electricity
Road is burned.
(2) D.C. resistance: ordinary circumstance is to guarantee relay service life, adds resistance on a while DC coil, because
Very high backward voltage can be generated in breakpoint for coil, frequently, accessing a resistance later can for the work of relay on-off electricity
The backward voltage of this part is sponged, protection circuit function is played.
(3) operating current: the adhesive action for completing relay needs certain electric current to drive, it is contemplated that not being ideal
When state, the resistance in coil is possible to bigger than normal, thus connect needed in relay both end voltage it is more slightly larger than pick-up voltage, but
It is the safety factor in order to avoid there is burning out failure, under normal circumstances, one point five of service voltage no more than pick-up voltage
Times.
(4) release current: the adhesive action and release movement of relay are completed, in addition to needing operating current, it is also necessary to release
Discharge stream.Release current refers to when relay is from the maximum current value being conducting under not on-state, this when current value one
As be less than operating current.
(5) contact change-over voltage and current: for guarantee relay controlled terminal contact be not damaged, the voltage at both ends with
Flowing through electric current must in a certain range, and the maximum value of electric current and voltage range is exactly contact change-over voltage and current.
Specifically, the selection of relay is as follows:
A. according to the supply voltage value of circuit system, the relay of suitable voltage is chosen.
B. the Current Voltage of control circuit and the maximum current voltage by control circuit.Control circuit will guarantee relay line
The stabling current that the adhesive action of circle is completed
C. controlled circuit needs the pin of cut-in relay to have several groups, relay contact quantity.
D. the problems such as relay model and inspection information being chosen according to circuit, understanding relevant information and food size.
Specifically, several effects of relay: (1) expanding control range, and the number of contacts of relay different model is different, has
The relay of multiple groups contact can by connect multiple groups control circuit, can manipulate simultaneously multiple groups circuit conducting, disconnect or
It is changing-over multiplex circuit.
(2) enlarging function, for example, intermediate relay, sensitive-type relay etc., with when it is previous it is micro (low current or
Other non-electrical classes it is micro) can also play control rear end high-power circuit.
(3) integrated signal, control circuit can input simultaneously, while the process of an integrated signal is had after inputting,
Last integrated signal manipulation is by the operating condition of control circuit.
(4) automation control may be implemented for example, the relay on automatic device accesses circuit in automatic, remote control, monitoring
Circuit operating condition forms process control route.
Specifically, 5,6 ends are normal open foot, and 1,3 be control foot, and 2,4 be electromagnetism foot.In order to find out effect in circuit,
LED (D2) lamp is accessed in circuit, triode Q1 is equivalent to a switch, when the end P3.0 input signal is high level,
Using the amplification of triode, (i.e. when basis set gives a low current, so that it may in collector to a biggish electric current)
The collector of triode Q1 and emitter both ends are powered, so that relay Inside coil iron core electromagnetism effect band is magnetic, iron plate
Suction is got off, so that pin 3 and pin 5 are connected, LED (D2) is lighted in relay work.
Optionally, the key switch circuit 600 uses independent connection formula.Keyboard can be divided into independent connection formula and determinant
(matrix form) two class.It is similar to LED static status display and Dynamically Announce.Independent connection formula refers to that each key independently connects one
Input data line, relatively easy convenience, the disadvantage is that needing to occupy more hardware resource.And determinant is slightly complicated, but can save
Hardware resource reduces cost, preferential to select independent connection formula in the case where number of keys is fewer, but when key is more,
It is typically chosen determinant, key also mostly can also highlight the advantages of determinant.In the present embodiment, number of keys is few, using independence
Linking.Referring to Fig. 8, keys of single chip microcomputer testing principle is: the I/O of single-chip microcontroller, which can be inputted also, can be used as output interface use,
What keys of single chip microcomputer detection utilized is the input function of the I/O of single-chip microcontroller, and one end of key is grounded one end when key circuit connects
The I/O mouth for connecing single-chip microcontroller, first single-chip processor i/o one high level of mouth before key detection starts, when single-chip microcontroller constantly detects,
When whether becoming low level for I/O mouthfuls.Ground terminal when key closure due to key other end down for low level, when
Single-chip microcontroller, which is constantly detected and detected, indicates that key is pressed when low level, then execute corresponding program.
Specifically, it on key circuit, presses the button S1 expression and subtracts one, key S2 expression, which is pressed, adds one, presses the button S3
Timing mode is indicated entry into, S4 is pressed the button and enters timing mode, pressing the button S5 indicates the power supply of block system relay.
Key jitter: key jitter is a fundamental characteristics of mechanical elasticity switch, and unavoidably, so-called key jitter is just
Be when pressing the button inside connection can cause the fluctuation up and down of electric signal with disconnecting, if when with the telecommunications of a certain moment key
Number it is easy to appear misjudgment come the connection and disconnection that judge key, therefore when writing program, delay can be passed through and repeatedly examined
Key electrical signal status is surveyed to judge pressing and disconnecting for key.The delay for eliminating the signal-wobble time, this was generally in 5ms to 10ms range
One critically important parameter, will use in many occasions.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention has the benefit that
A kind of SCM Based electronic timer provided by the invention has the function of clocking capability, timing, control power supply
The basic functions such as cutting function, liquid crystal display.Adjustable accuracy and range, can frequently use, basic function it is complete, solve and be based on
Traditional timer function simple question of analogue technique；
Using the large scale equipment of digital technology, although multiple functional, system complex, use is inflexible, and applicability is not
Greatly.A kind of SCM Based electronic timer provided by the invention, using flexible small in size, light-weight, easy to operate, price
Low, low in energy consumption, the service life is long, has better adaptability and marketability.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, wherein unit can be as illustrated by the separation member
Or may not be and be physically separated, component shown as a unit may or may not be physical unit, i.e.,
It can be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can select according to the actual needs therein
Some or all of the modules achieves the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creative labor
In the case where dynamic, it can understand and implement.
The foregoing is merely a prefered embodiment of the invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in the spirit and principles in the present invention
Within, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of SCM Based electronic timer characterized by comprising governor circuit, display circuit, restart circuit,
Control relay circuit, I/O mouthful circuit, key switch circuit；
The display circuit, restart circuit, control relay circuit, I/O mouthful circuit, key switch circuit with master control electricity
Road connection；
The governor circuit includes single-chip microcontroller；The single-chip microcontroller includes clock circuit；The clock circuit includes oscillator and divides
Frequency device；
The oscillator, for generating basic oscillator signal；The frequency divider, for the oscillator signal to be divided,
Obtain corresponding clock；
The oscillator includes amplifier and crystal resonator；The amplifier is connect with the crystal resonator；The amplification
Device is set to inside the single-chip microcontroller, the external connection of the crystal resonator and the single-chip microcontroller.
2. SCM Based electronic timer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the single-chip microcontroller includes centre
It manages device, data storage, program storage, Timer/Counter, serial line interface, parallel interface, interrupt system, three big buses；
The three big bus includes control bus, address bus and line data/address bus；The single-chip microcontroller uses STC89C52RC core
Piece.
3. SCM Based electronic timer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the display circuit uses liquid crystal
Display, the LCD types are LCD1602.
4. SCM Based electronic timer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to restart circuit to answer manually
Position.
5. SCM Based electronic timer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the control relay circuit is adopted
It is controlled with electromagnetic relay.
6. SCM Based electronic timer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the key switch circuit uses
Independent connection formula.
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| CN201910371597.3A CN110083100A (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | A kind of SCM Based electronic timer |
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| CN201910371597.3A CN110083100A (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | A kind of SCM Based electronic timer |
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| CN110083100A true CN110083100A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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ID=67418822
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111290318A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-16 | 陕西科技大学 | Energy-saving type garbage classification box door control device and method based on artificial intelligence |
| CN114721246A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-08 | 山西新华防化装备研究院有限公司 | Software-free low-temperature-resistant timing timer |
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