CN110082813A - One kind rock under uniaxial tension experiment discharges radon measurement device - Google Patents
One kind rock under uniaxial tension experiment discharges radon measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110082813A CN110082813A CN201910352151.6A CN201910352151A CN110082813A CN 110082813 A CN110082813 A CN 110082813A CN 201910352151 A CN201910352151 A CN 201910352151A CN 110082813 A CN110082813 A CN 110082813A
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- radon
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
- G01T1/366—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry with semi-conductor detectors
Abstract
A kind of rock under uniaxial tension experiment of the invention discharges radon measurement device, belongs to gas measurement technique field；Provide the rock release radon measurement device that environmental pollution is small, measurement accuracy is high；A kind of technical solution are as follows: rock release radon measurement device under uniaxial tension experiment, including press machine, press machine carries out compression release gas sample to the rock sample in pressure chamber by compression bar, pressure chamber is connected by pipeline with air inlet switch, the downside of pressure chamber is connected by pipeline with first switch, gas enters radon gas room after sequentially passing through first switch and silica dehydrator pipe, Au-Si surface barrier detector is equipped in radon gas room, the outlet of radon gas room is connected with second switch, side of the second switch far from radon gas room is connected with the entrance of filter, the outlet of filter is connected with gas bottle, wherein, silica dehydrator pipe is used to filter out the dust and vapor in gas sample, filter is used to remove the daughter of radon that may be present in gas sample.
Description
Technical field
A kind of rock under uniaxial tension experiment of the invention discharges radon measurement device, belongs to gas measurement technique field.
Background technique
Radon is unique natural radioactive gas element in nature, has radioactivity.Radon is soluble easily in water in nature,
The surface of solid, such as rubber, paraffin, plastics, metal and active carbon can be adsorbed on.Radon is ubiquitous, because radium can be continuous
It generates radon gas (emanating), is present in underground, part, which is emanated, to be entered in rock gap more.When the structure pine of rock
When dissipating, voidage is big, and temperature increases, and humidity reduces, and the effect of emanating of radon increases.Radon and its daughter are in natural alpha activity element
Main alpha emitter, alpha energy spectrum measurement be realize Rn concentration measurement technical way.It can be used to measure Alpha-ray
Detector includes ionization chamber detector, zinc sulfide scintillator etc..And in alpha energy spectrum measurement, since semiconductor detector has energy
High resolution, the feature that detection efficient is high, small in size, reverse leakage current is small and at low cost are measured, is widely used.
1975, American scientist for the first time the anomalous variation according to radon gas on shear-zone successfully to Western America
Fracture is monitored.Hereafter, the important means that radon gas forms (seismic precursor) as prediction buried faults has obtained earth object
The common concern of neo-confucian.Before 8.3 grades of earthquakes of southwest Japan, it is prominent that Hatuda etc. observes that this area's Soil-crop system has occurred
Become.The 1980s mid-term, Soviet scientists Suhl Tan Huojia Prokofiev proposes the precipitation new theory in relation to radon free in rock
I.e. after tectonic stress vibration of ultrasonic wave and pressure influence theory, the research work in the field is turned from simply observing to mechanism study direction
Become.Although proposing that abnormal reason is precipitated in radon gas in rock compression shattering process since seismologist's Luo Guangwei the 1980s is synchronous
After, Chinese earthquake Radon Anomaly related research result has been at international forward position.But in relation to the wink in rock pressurized process
When Radon eduction variation research achievement do not have related ends report also.
Since natural rock sample radioactivity intensity is not high, the enrichment radioactive mineral that is prepared manually when being tested
Model reaches higher measuring accuracy.Currently, domestic, there is no for the instantaneous Radon eduction variation in rock pressurized process
Measuring device.
Summary of the invention
The rock under uniaxial tension experiment of the invention a kind of discharges radon measurement device, overcome it is of the existing technology not
Foot provides the rock release radon measurement device that environmental pollution is small, measurement accuracy is high.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: rock under uniaxial tension experiment
Radon measurement device, including press machine are discharged, press machine carries out compression release gas sample to the rock sample in pressure chamber by compression bar,
Pressure chamber is connected by pipeline with air inlet switch, and the downside of pressure chamber is connected by pipeline with first switch, and gas sequentially passes through
Enter radon gas room after first switch and silica dehydrator pipe, is equipped with Au-Si surface barrier detector in radon gas room, radon gas room
Outlet is connected with second switch, and side of the second switch far from radon gas room is connected with the entrance of filter, the outlet of filter
It is connected with gas bottle, wherein silica dehydrator pipe is used to filter out the dust and vapor in gas sample, and filter is for removing gas
The daughter of radon that may be present in sample.
It further, further include measuring circuit and computer, measuring circuit includes preamplifier, main amplifier, peak value exhibition
Stretch circuit and A/D converter, the Au-Si surface barrier detector convert the alpha-particle energy that radon and its daughter radiate to
Electric signal, electric signal sequentially obtains after preamplifier, main amplifier, peak hold circuit and A/D converter can quilt
The digital signal of computer disposal.
Further, the rock sample is mixed by cement and coarse sand that mass ratio is 1:1 and is solidified, the rock sample
For cylindrical body.
Further, the pressure chamber is cylindrical space, and the making material of the shell of the pressure chamber is stainless steel.
Further, the inlet of the filter is equipped with into membrana oralis, and exit is equipped with export membrane.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art.
1, the present invention is better than the performance that other survey the spectral measurements of radon device using gold silicon surface barrier semiconductor detector, when effect
Between it is fast and small in size.
2, the present invention is equipped with radon gas processing equipment, will not cause secondary pollution to environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the rock provided by the invention under uniaxial tension experiment discharges radon measurement device.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of measuring circuit provided by the invention.
In figure, 1- air inlet switch, 2- compression bar, the pressure chamber 3-, 4- first switch, 5- silica dehydrator pipe, 6- radon gas room, 7- gold
Silicon junction semiconductor detector, 8- second switch, 9- filter, 10- gas bottle.
Specific embodiment
Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of rock under uniaxial tension experiment of the present invention discharges radon measurement device, including press machine, pressure
Power machine carries out compression release gas sample to the rock sample in pressure chamber 3 by compression bar 2, and pressure chamber 3 passes through pipeline and air inlet switch 1
It is connected, the downside of pressure chamber 3 is connected by pipeline with first switch 4, and gas sequentially passes through first switch 4 and silica dehydrator pipe 5
Enter radon gas room 6 afterwards, is equipped with Au-Si surface barrier detector 7, outlet and 8 phase of second switch of radon gas room 6 in radon gas room 6
Even, side of the second switch 8 far from radon gas room 6 is connected with the entrance of filter 9, outlet and 10 phase of gas bottle of filter 9
Connection, wherein silica dehydrator pipe 5 is used to filter out the dust and vapor in gas sample, and filter 9 may in gas sample for removing
The daughter of existing radon.
As shown in Fig. 2, this measuring device further includes measuring circuit and computer, measuring circuit includes preamplifier, master
Amplifier, peak hold circuit and A/D converter, the α particle that Au-Si surface barrier detector 7 radiates radon and its daughter
The electric signal that energy is converted into, electric signal sequentially pass through preamplifier, main amplifier, peak hold circuit and A/D converter
The digital signal that can be subsequently can by computer is obtained afterwards.
The working principle of Au-Si surface barrier detector 7 is exactly that ray is prevented and off-energy by detector, by energy
Amount generates signal.Au-Si surface barrier detector 7 generally uses n type single crystal silicon piece and gold is deposited on the silicon wafer and makes
At it being regarded as the P-N junction diode an of reverse bias, it is substantially a solid ionization chamber, when α particle bombardment
When the layer gold of surface, enter P-N junction area across layer gold, because α particle has dense ionization ability, is easy to generate in P-N junction area a large amount of
Electron-hole pair.Under the action of PN junction bias voltage, these electron-hole pairs accumulate rapidly to be amplified through low-noise charge
An electric impulse signal is exported after device amplification, circuit arrangement records this signal, obtains relevant α particle information.Because of radon energy
Generate many daughters, and the alpha-particle energy electron-holes that are also different, therefore ionizing out that different daughter disintegrations generates
It is also different to quantity, the amplified pulse signal for obtaining different amplitudes.Then, it is measured according to above-mentioned characteristic using alpha energy spectrum, energy
Obtain the nucleic information of different alpha emitters effectively enough to achieve the purpose that measurement.
The basic principle of Au-Si surface barrier detector be the energy of α particle is converted into corresponding electric signal, but
Itself does not have amplification.The electric signal exported from Au Si surface barrier detector is considerably less, it is therefore necessary to by it is undistorted,
It can just be passed in subsequent conditioning circuit after preliminary Linear Amplifer.And the noise of preamplifier influences very big, shadow to energy resolution
The key for ringing alpha energy spectrum energy resolution is to reduce the electronic noise of preamplifier.So preamplifier generally selects electricity
Lotus sense amplifier uses charge sensitive amplifier because its amplitude output signal is not influenced substantially by detector interelectrode capacity
Device is packaged together as preamplifier Shi Yingyu detector, guarantees that the signal output of detector is believed with charge amplifier
Number input is as short as possible, to inhibit electronic noise as far as possible.Preamplifier is followed by main amplifier, its main function is
Signal filtering forming is completed after preamplifier filters noise and electric impulse signal is further amplified.Peak hold circuit is then led
The peak value of pulse to export to main amplifier broadens, and makes peak value of pulse time extend as far as possible, reaches multichannel pulse scope
Analyze peak steady of the circuit in A/D conversion process.A/D converter is exactly to convert analog signals into digital signal, will be turned
Data connection after change carries out alpha energy spectrum measurement analysis to the end computer PC.
Rock sample is solidified by the cement that mass ratio is 1:1 and coarse sand mixing, and rock sample is cylindrical body.Pressure chamber
3 be cylindrical space, and the making material of the shell of pressure chamber 3 is stainless steel.The inlet of filter 9 is equipped with into membrana oralis, outlet
Place is equipped with export membrane.
When carrying out radon survey using this measuring device, follow the steps below:
Firstly, the cement and filler (coarse sand) that select 1:1 are as sample.At this moment, first accurately weigh up 15-30g grinds rock.So
It mixes with a certain number of cement, sand and water phase, is cast into cylinder shape metal container with resulting materials afterwards.Remove after theing cement solidifies
Shell, and sample is poured with water.Water is poured out after one week, makes sample drying so that sample at cylinder, have it is sufficiently large hard
Degree.In addition, the upper and lower surface of rock sample should be also made into strictly parallel surface, it is therefore an objective to which pressure is evenly distributed in sample
In product volume.
Then, sample is placed in special pressure chamber 3.Opening air inlet switch 1 makes air carefully blow pressure chamber (25-
30 minutes) to exclude free radon.Sample is placed in the cavity of pressure chamber 3, is pressurizeed downwards by press machine by compression bar 2.
A period of time is stood, then opens first switch 4, silica dehydrator pipe 5 is set at air inlet and is filtered out in gas sample
Dust, vapor.
First switch 4 is closed after a period of time, after radon gas body passes through silica dehydrator pipe 5, radon gas is accumulated in radon gas room 6.
Since analog sample radioactive intensity is big, measuring half an hour with Au-Si surface barrier detector 7 can.
Second switch 8 is opened, the filter 9 for being provided with double-layered filtration film thereafter removes the son of radon that may be present in gas sample
Body, to prevent radon gas permanent injury caused by human body.
Pressure chamber is carefully blown with cleaned air again later, is pressurizeed to sample, make radon accumulation (1 hour) again and is surveyed
Amount.These work are until sample broke.Recording rock radon gas under different pressures is worth variation.
Last pure radon gas will be collected by gas bottle 10.
Although being particularly shown and describing the present invention, those skilled in the art referring to its exemplary embodiment
It should be understood that in the case where not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by claim form can be carried out to it
With the various changes in details.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of rock under uniaxial tension experiment discharges radon measurement device, it is characterised in that: including press machine, press machine passes through
Compression bar (2) carries out compression release gas sample to the rock sample in pressure chamber (3), and pressure chamber (3) pass through pipeline and air inlet switch (1)
It is connected, the downside of pressure chamber (3) is connected by pipeline with first switch (4), and gas sequentially passes through first switch (4) and silica gel is dry
Dry pipe (5) enters radon gas room (6) afterwards, is equipped with Au-Si surface barrier detector (7) in radon gas room (6), and radon gas room (6) go out
Mouth is connected with second switch (8), and second switch (8) is connected far from the side of radon gas room (6) with the entrance of filter (9), mistake
The outlet of filter (9) is connected with gas bottle (10), wherein silica dehydrator pipe (5) is used to filter out the dust and water in gas sample
Steam, filter (9) are used to remove the daughter of radon that may be present in gas sample.
2. a kind of rock under uniaxial tension experiment according to claim 1 discharges radon measurement device, it is characterised in that: also
Including measuring circuit and computer, measuring circuit includes preamplifier, main amplifier, peak hold circuit and A/D converter,
The electric signal that the Au-Si surface barrier detector (7) converts the alpha-particle energy that radon and its daughter radiate to, electric signal
The number that can be subsequently can by computer sequentially is obtained after preamplifier, main amplifier, peak hold circuit and A/D converter
Signal.
3. a kind of rock under uniaxial tension experiment according to claim 1 discharges radon measurement device, it is characterised in that: institute
It states rock sample and is mixed by cement and coarse sand that mass ratio is 1:1 and solidified, the rock sample is cylindrical body.
4. a kind of rock under uniaxial tension experiment according to claim 1 discharges radon measurement device, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating pressure chamber (3) is cylindrical space, and the making material of the shell of the pressure chamber (3) is stainless steel.
5. a kind of rock under uniaxial tension experiment according to claim 1 to 4 discharges radon measurement device, feature
Be: the inlet of the filter (9) is equipped with into membrana oralis, and exit is equipped with export membrane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910352151.6A CN110082813A (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-04-29 | One kind rock under uniaxial tension experiment discharges radon measurement device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910352151.6A CN110082813A (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-04-29 | One kind rock under uniaxial tension experiment discharges radon measurement device |
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| CN110082813A true CN110082813A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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| CN201910352151.6A Pending CN110082813A (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-04-29 | One kind rock under uniaxial tension experiment discharges radon measurement device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110988231A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Device and method for researching gas in underwater wet welding hollow molten drop |
| CN113703031A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-26 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | Radon measuring device and method |
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