CN110082650A - A kind of devices and methods therefor suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of devices and methods therefor suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to electrical earth device technical fields, and in particular to a kind of devices and methods therefor suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency.Impulse current generator is connect by weaving copper strips with the Current injection points for the analogue ground device being embedded in test flume in device, core-theaded type current sensor is sleeved on the braiding copper strips or at the axial current tested point of analogue ground device, the signal output end of core-theaded type current sensor and a wherein input channel for digital oscilloscope connect, another output of core-theaded type current sensor terminates to the input terminal of PLC programmable controller, the output end of PLC programmable controller is connect with X-ray production apparatus, X-ray production apparatus is issued after X-ray passes through test flume and is received by digital imagery plate.It the composite can be widely applied to the evaluation work that dash current acts on lower resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency, suitable for studying the impact diffusing rule through earthing or grounding means resistance-lowering material modified soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Grounding Technology of Modern Power System fields, in particular to hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency
The devices and methods therefor of assessment has intuitive measurement results accurate, has the characteristics that specific physical significance.
Background technique
High soil resistivity powerline pole tower ground resistance is higher, drop resistance difficulty is that influence power system security can
By the protrusion problem of operation, existing drop resistance measure also fails to properly settle the problem.Under existence conditions, environment friend is selected
Grounding resistance-reducing material good, corrosivity is low, water suction moisture retention is good, the service life is long can be the fortune steady in a long-term of entire electric system
Row provides safeguard.Ydroscopic high-molecular resin material has good water suction, water-retaining property, leads in agriculture and forestry, urban landscaping etc.
Domain is widely used as water-loss reducer of soil.Therefore, it may be considered that be used for hydroscopic high-molecular resin as excellent grounding resistance-reducing material
High soil resistivity, but need accurately to assess its resistance-reducing efficiency.
It is right due to lacking the visual assessment method to ground connection resistance-lowering material impact resistance reducing effect from the point of view of existing research
The assessment of grounding resistance-reducing material resistance-reducing efficiency is usually to analyze its physicochemical property and power frequency electric property.However, in Practical Project
In, when grounding resistance-reducing material is applied to electric power line pole tower earthing or grounding means, what is really worked in transmission line of electricity lightning protection is to connect
The impact diffusing performance of ground device.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the status of the assessment inaccuracy of lower resistance-reducing efficiency, design are acted on for current dash current
A kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency.The device has measurement result physical significance
Clearly, the characteristics of measurement accuracy is high, measurement is convenient and quick, strong antijamming capability.
Mechanism of the invention is: it is observed using x-ray imaging technology and improves soil internal discharge region through resistance-lowering material,
The three-view diagram of impulsive discharge region practical structures in the simulation soil under ydroscopic high-molecular resin material difference water absorption is obtained,
The volume size that region of discharge is obtained by three-dimensionalreconstruction undertakes vent discharge flow valuve as assessment resistance-lowering material using unit volume
The method of target efficiency.
Impulsive discharge region in the simulation soil improved through ydroscopic high-molecular resin material is obtained by x-ray imaging device
Practical structures three-view diagram.When dash current injects earthing pole, when field intensity value is more than critical breakdown strength in soil, soil generation is put
Electricity.According to soil puncture mechanism, soil is internal in ionization process to will form discharge channel, and changes the internal structure of soil.X
Ray have penetrates property, when its pass through square test slot when, it is absorbed and meanwhile again can pass through trough reach detector.X
The ray amount of being absorbed follows langbobier law, it is assumed that incident ray concentration is I0, emergent ray concentration is I, and pedotheque is thick
Degree is x, and pedotheque is μ to x-ray attenuation coefficient, then according to langbobier law:
Specific measuring principle are as follows: assuming that discharge channel is μ 1, decaying system of the soil to X-ray to the attenuation coefficient of X-ray
Number is μ 2.Attenuation coefficient itself is only related with the properties such as the density of substance, and the value of μ 1 and μ 2 are obviously unequal.Material density is got over
Greatly, stronger to X-ray absorption ability.The density of soil is significantly larger than the density of discharge channel.Therefore, for electrode, simulation
For pedotheque and region of discharge, when X-ray is uniformly incident, they are different the absorbability of X-ray, cause
Roentgen dose X across sample is distinct on its corresponding position.Last digital imagery plate (FPD) receives difference
The X ray of dosage, to show the image of different gray values.Discharge channel absorption quantity of X-rays X is few, and the FPD of corresponding position is received
For the quantity of X-rays X arrived with regard to more, imaging results are more black (gray value is smaller)；On the contrary, soil absorption quantity of X-rays X is more, corresponding position
FPD reception quantity of X-rays X is less, and imaging results are whiter (gray value is bigger), may finally obtain the different imaging knot of gray value
Fruit.
The two-dimensional image data on a direction of illumination that x-ray imaging device obtains is calculated by three-dimensionalreconstruction and is unearthed
The volume V of earth discharge channel.Concrete principle is as follows:
Firstly, following relationship can be used in a frequency domain by carrying out smothing filtering to original image using gauss low frequency filter
Formula indicates smoothing process:
G (u, v)=H (u, v) F (u, v)
In formula, F (u, v) is the Fourier transform of original image f (x, y)；H (u, v) is smooth function, utilizes this letter
Number can make the high fdrequency component of F (u, v) decay；G (u, v) is smoothed out image.(x, y) and (u, v) respectively indicates space and frequency
Pixel on domain.Gauss low frequency filter is selected, that is, is had:
In formula, σ is Gaussian Distribution Parameters, and (u, v) is the coordinate of any one pixel of image on frequency domain.
The boundary of object is discontinuous by gray scale in the picture or mutability is reflected, first extracts part when extracting boundary
Then these combination of pixels are become complete, accurate boundary again by edge pixel point.If f (x, y) indicates image in spatial point
The gray scale of the position (x, y), wherein x represents column, and y represents row.Because gradient is the two dimensional equivalent formula of first derivative, f (x, y) exists
Gradient at (x, y) point is defined as:
G in formulaxFor gradient abscissa, G at (x, y)yFor gradient ordinate at (x, y).
Gradient magnitude and direction:
Gray value changes gently along boundary, and violent in the direction change perpendicular to edge.Finally, for same
Three views of region of discharge, the edge of main view, top view and side view are pressed on X/Y plane, XZ plane and YZ plane respectively
Stretched according to the direction of-k ,-j and-i, the distance of stretching is the length, width and height of Projection Body, generate three stretching entity Se (F-k),
Se (T-j) and Se (S-i).Entity is stretched to these three and carries out intersection operation, obtains primary entity S3v (FTS).Finally, putting
On the basis of electric area three-dimensional reconstruct image, region of discharge is split into multiple same volume positive tetrahedrons, then again to these four
The volume of face body is summed, and when single tetrahedron is sufficiently small, the body for accurately calculating soil discharge channel can be obtained
Product V.According to the volume V of soil discharge channel, the dash current amplitude Ip of test electrode, definition i undertakes for unit volume and releases
Current value, calculation formula are as follows:
Realize the object of the invention device the technical solution adopted is that: one kind be suitable for hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material
The device of resistance-reducing efficiency assessment, including impulse current generator, coaxial shielding line, core-theaded type current sensor, PLC programmable control
Device, test flume, analogue ground device, X-ray production apparatus, digital imagery plate, image processing system and digital oscilloscope processed；It is wherein described
Impulse current generator is connect by weaving copper strips with the Current injection points for the analogue ground device being embedded in test flume, punching
Formula current sensor is sleeved on the braiding copper strips or at the axial current tested point of analogue ground device, and core-theaded type electric current passes
The signal output end of sensor and a wherein input channel for digital oscilloscope connect, another output end of core-theaded type current sensor
It is connected to the input terminal of PLC programmable controller, the output end of PLC programmable controller is connect with X-ray production apparatus, X X-ray machine X hair
X-ray is received after passing through test flume by digital imagery plate out, and digital imagery plate is connect with the PC machine for being equipped with image processing system.
X-ray production apparatus, digital imagery plate and the image processing system is commercially available module, X-ray production apparatus rated output voltage
120kV, output-current rating 400mA, maximum output voltage 150kV, maximum output current 500mA.
It is that 8~200kA is adjustable, wave front time is 1.2~20 μ s that the impulse current generator, which can instantaneously generate amplitude,
Variable, the wave rear time is the two fingers number current wave that 20~1000 μ s can be changed.Impulse current generator specifically includes that pressure regulator T1、
Step-up transformer T2, silicon stack rectifier D, wave regulating resistor R, harmonic inductance L, impulse capacitor group C, pulse ignition device A, parallel connection
Ball gap G and charging resistor r1.The pressure regulator T1End of incoming cables connect with 220V or 380V power frequency supply by conducting wire, pressure regulator
T1Leading-out terminal and step-up transformer T2Primary side pass through conducting wire connect；Step-up transformer T2Secondary side and silicon stack rectifier D with leading
Line connection；The extraction wire of silicon stack rectifier D successively with charging resistor r1, parallel connection ball gap G is connected；The extraction of ball gap in parallel is led
Line is connect with the anode of impulse capacitor group；Impulse capacitor group by 4~20 10~100 μ F impulse capacitor parallel connection group
At, wherein every 2~3 impulse capacitors compose in parallel 1 group, each group is uniformly arranged, and formed one with its
The ball gap in parallel of connection is the not silent annulus in the center of circle, and each group impulse capacitor anode passes through braiding copper strips and ball gap in parallel
The connection of upper half copper ball pedestal, when impulse capacitor electric discharge, circular ring type arrangement can make from each impulse capacitor to analogue ground
The electric current that device is gone same can reach in a flash, so that the amplitude of dash current is improved, the cathode and cube of impulse capacitor group
The outer wall of shape test flume passes through band steel connect and ground；Ball gap in parallel is by upper half copper ball, lower half copper ball and cylindrical aeration cylinder group
At the position of upper half copper ball is fixed and is connected with the anode of impulse capacitor group, and lower half copper ball is by weaving copper strips and being embedded in
The Current injection points of analogue ground device in cube shaped test flume connect, to the impact for exporting impulse current generator
Electric current is applied on analogue ground device, and the pedestal of upper and lower half copper ball is cylindrical body.Pulse ignition device A and PLC is programmable
Controller connection, pulse ignition device applies firing pulse to ball gap in parallel and realizes disruptive discharge, so that complete circuit is formed,
Wherein two copper balls up and down of ball gap in parallel realize air-gap breakdown when being connected to trigger command.
The test flume is the wooden slot such as volume 500mm*500mm*20mm, 500mm*500mm*15mm, in bracket groove
Side and bottom are equipped with conductive copper sheet, are grounded test flume using conducting wire by bottom copper sheet.It is installed in the test flume
Having partial size is the aqueous sand of 0.05~1mm, after sand weighing, by hydroscopic high-molecular resin quality by sand weight
0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1% 5 kind of ratio is prepared respectively, changes soil by changing the water content of sand
Resistivity.Analogue ground device is embedded in aqueous sand.
The material of the analogue ground device is identical as the tested material of practical earthing or grounding means, the analogue ground dress
The geometric dimension (i.e. length and sectional area) of the geometric dimension (i.e. length and sectional area) and tested practical earthing or grounding means set
Ratio is n (n is simulation ratio, value 5~100 in the present invention).The analogue ground device is embedded in afore-mentioned test slot
In, inbuilt depth is determined according to the depth of burying and simulation ratio n of practical earthing or grounding means, and requires analogue ground device
Center is equidistant to aforementioned cube shaped each vertex of test flume outer wall, to guarantee the accuracy of simulation test.Institute
Pass through the pneumatic ignition ball gap of braiding copper strips and aforementioned impact current feedback circuit at the Current injection points for the analogue ground device stated
The pedestal connection of lower half copper ball it is special that impact is carried out to analogue ground device to inject dash current to analogue ground device
Property simulation test.
The core-theaded type current sensor is inserted by non-magnetic skeleton, copper coil, integrating circuit, bayonet nut connector
Seat and polymer insulation shell composition.The non-magnetic skeleton be internal diameter be 2~10cm, outer diameter is 2.5~12cm, section is straight
The annulus that diameter is 1~4cm, material is non-magnetic polymer, effect is fixed copper coil, while avoiding sensor iron core
It is saturated when measuring heavy impulse current.The copper coil is uniformly wound on by the copper enameled wire that line footpath is 0.44~1.67mm
On the non-magnetic skeleton of circular ring shape, the number of turns of coiling is 50~1000 circles, the lead-out wire at copper coil both ends and integrating circuit
Input terminal connection, to be integrated to induced electromotive force E, to obtain the size that electric current i (t) is changed over time.Integral electricity
The output end on road is connect by bayonet nut connector socket with the bayonet nut connector plug of coaxial shielded cable one end, together
The other end of axis shielded cable is connected by the second input channel CH2 of bayonet nut connector plug and wide band digital oscillograph
It connects, being exported the output signal of core-theaded type current sensor by coaxial shielded cable to the second of wide band digital oscillograph
Input channel CH2.It is cast with the polymer insulation shell with a thickness of 0.8~2cm on the core-theaded type current sensor surface,
Measuring device is damaged to the measurement circuit where preventing high current from scurrying into core-theaded type current sensor.It is passed in core-theaded type electric current
When polymer insulation shell described in sensor surfaces casting, bayonet nut connector socket should be arranged in polymer insulation shell
Outside, the signal output end of core-theaded type current sensor is facilitated to be connected with coaxial shielded cable.The measurement of core-theaded type current sensor
Bandwidth is 160Hz~4MHz, not only has good response characteristic, can accurately measure heavy impulse current, and due to
With circuit-under-test contacting for direct electricity does not occur for core-theaded type current sensor.When measurement injection analogue ground device total current
When waveform and its amplitude, the core-theaded type current sensor is sleeved on the braiding copper strips to analogue ground device Injection Current
On；When measuring the axial current waveform and its amplitude of each tested point of analogue ground device, the core-theaded type electric current is passed
Sensor is sleeved on the axial current tested point of analogue ground device.The core-theaded type current sensor is used to export one simultaneously
On pulse signal to PLC programmable logic controller (PLC), to trigger the work of PLC.
Core-theaded type current sensor is identical as the working principle of Rogowsky (Rogowski) coil, that is, utilizes tested electricity
Voltage that raw magnetic field is answered in coil inner sense miscarry to measure electric current.According to electromagnetic induction principle, core-theaded type current sense is passed through
Pass through electric current i in the conductor of device coil1(t) when, the induced electromotive force u that is generated in Rogowski coil1(t) and i1(t) relationship
It is shown below.
M value is related with the geometry of coil.
The coaxial shielded cable is commercially available SYV-75-5 type radio-frequency cable, and at the both ends of coaxial shielded cable point
Not Jia Zhuan bayonet nut connector plug, facilitate connection.The effect of coaxial shielded cable be respectively by impulse voltage divider and
The measuring signal of core-theaded type current sensor is transmitted to the first input channel CH1 and the second input channel of wide band digital oscillograph
CH2, the interference level that the shielded layer of coaxial shielded cable can guarantee that signal is subject in transmission process is lower, thus guarantee compared with
High measurement accuracy.
It advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that:
After the invention adopts the above technical scheme, mainly there is following technical effect:
(1) it is that 8~200kA is adjustable, wave front time is that the impulse current generator of apparatus of the present invention, which can instantaneously generate amplitude,
1.2~20 μ s are variable, the wave rear time is the variable two fingers number current wave of 20~1000 μ s, so as to the practical thunder and lightning of accurate simulation
Complicated soil discharge process, makes mould when the soil diffusing that stream is modified by earthing or grounding means to ydroscopic high-molecular resin material around
The reliability of quasi- test result greatly improves.
(2) the core-theaded type current sensor of apparatus of the present invention can accurately measure total Injection Current and the ground connection of earthing or grounding means
The axial current of each axial current tested point of device, and input signal can be provided for the triggering of PLC, while not influencing tested electricity again
Road not only ensure that the precision of the dash current measured in simulation test, also achieve impulse current generator and X-ray production apparatus
Synchronous averaging.
(3) the PLC programmable logic device delay rate of apparatus of the present invention is low, is millisecond rank, ensure that in current loop
X-ray production apparatus can be started while conducting, overcome because the extremely short bring imaging technique of spark discharge process is difficult.
(4) the practical warp of aqueous sand simulation of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material is added in apparatus of the present invention test flume
Script is needed to become indoor progress in the test of outdoor progress, has not only saved examination by the modified soil of hydroscopic high-molecular resin
Cost is tested, and substantially reduces test by weather and environment effect.
(5) the wide band digital oscillograph of apparatus of the present invention is combined or offline ups power using self-contained storage battery with inverter
Power supply, when effectively can prevent impulse current generator from discharging, laboratory earth mat current potential sharply increases and damages wide band digital and show
The generation of the measuring devices phenomenons such as wave device, core-theaded type current sensor.
(6) the impact resistance-reducing efficiency analysis method based on the observation of soil impulsive discharge image can more intuitively reflect soil
Inside is to the relief situation of dash current, and the unit volume vent discharge flow valuve proposed has specific physical significance, therefore, liquidate
The analytical calculation for hitting resistance-reducing efficiency is also more accurate.
(7) the method for the present invention has simple, easy to operate, can easily adjustment test parameter the advantages that.In addition, simulation examination
Test that safety is good, the accuracy and high reliablity of analog reslt.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention block diagram；
Fig. 2 is measuring device overall appearance figure of the invention；
Measuring device main component in Fig. 2 is respectively: 1- impulse current generator, 2- coaxial shielding line, 3- core-theaded type
Current sensor, maximum current capacity 20kA, 4-PLC programmable controller, 5- test flume, 6- analogue ground device, 7-X
X-ray machine X, 8- digital imagery plate, 9- image processing system, 10- digital oscilloscope, sample rate are 1.0G samples/s, bandwidth
For 100MHz, 11- impulse voltage divider, intrinsic standoff ratio K=691；
Fig. 3 is estimation flow figure of the invention；
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency, including
Impulse current generator 1, coaxial shielding line 2, core-theaded type current sensor 3, PLC programmable controller 4, test flume 5, simulation connect
Ground device 6, X-ray production apparatus 7, digital imagery plate 8, image processing system 9, digital oscilloscope 10 and impulse voltage divider 11；Its
Described in impulse current generator 1 pass through braiding copper strips and the Current injection points of analogue ground device 6 that are embedded in test flume 5
Connection, core-theaded type current sensor 3 are sleeved on the braiding copper strips or at the axial current tested point of analogue ground device 6,
The signal output end of core-theaded type current sensor 3 is connect with a wherein input channel for digital oscilloscope 10, and core-theaded type electric current passes
Another output of sensor 3 terminates to the input terminal of PLC programmable controller 4, the output end and X-ray of PLC programmable controller 4
Machine 7 connects, and X-ray production apparatus 7 is issued after X-ray passes through test flume 5 and received by digital imagery plate 8, digital imagery plate 8 and is equipped with figure
As the PC machine connection of processing system 9, one end of impulse voltage divider 11 is connect with the Current injection points of analogue ground device 6,
Other end ground connection.
The impulse current generator 1 includes pressure regulator T1, step-up transformer T2, silicon stack rectifier D, wave regulating resistor R, adjust
Wave inductance L, impulse capacitor group C, pulse ignition device A, parallel connection ball gap G and charging resistor r1；The pressure regulator T1End of incoming cables
It is connect by conducting wire with 220V or 380V power frequency supply, pressure regulator T1Leading-out terminal and step-up transformer T2Primary side pass through conducting wire
Connection；Step-up transformer T2Secondary side connect with silicon stack rectifier D with conducting wire；The extraction wire of silicon stack rectifier D successively with fill
Resistance r1, parallel connection ball gap G is connected；Ball gap G in parallel includes upper half copper ball and lower half copper ball, and the position of upper half copper ball is fixed,
Its extraction wire is connect with the anode of impulse capacitor group C, the cathode ground connection of impulse capacitor group C；The extraction of lower half copper ball is led
Line series connection harmonic inductance L and wave regulating resistor R, is then connect by weaving copper strips with the Current injection points of analogue ground device 6；Arteries and veins
It rushes igniter A to connect with PLC programmable controller 4, pulse ignition device A applies firing pulse to ball gap G in parallel.
Referring to Fig. 3, one kind being suitable for hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency appraisal procedure, is filled using the present invention
It sets, is determined simulation test condition, joint test circuit, the impact for carrying out hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material improvement soil is put
Electric test and the shooting test for carrying out discharge channel simultaneously, data calculation processing and etc., carry out soil spark discharge channel
Shooting test, the specific steps of which are as follows:
1) experimental condition is determined
Experimental condition is determined first, that is, determines the output voltage and output electric current, irradiation time, dash current of X-ray machine
Wave head time and wave rear time, amplitude, the resistivity of soil, the Current injection points position of analogue ground device, mould in test flume
Size, the depth of burying etc. of quasi- earthing or grounding means, specific determination are as follows:
1. the output voltage of X-ray machine and output electric current, irradiation time are determined with the thickness of practical sand bed, by being not pressurized examination
Adjustment is tested to obtain most suitable output voltage and export the value of electric current, irradiation time.
2. the determination of the wave head time and wave rear time of dash current, when according to the wave head time of practical lightning current and wave rear
Between, and simulate ratio n and determine.I.e. first respectively by the wave head time of practical lightning current, wave rear time divided by simulation ratio n, meter
Wave head time, the wave rear time of the dash current of simulation test are calculated, then by changing the tune in impulse current generator circuit
Wave resistance R, harmonic inductance L size reach the wave head time of dash current calculated, wave rear time.
3. the determination of the amplitude of dash current is determined according to the amplitude of practical lightning current and simulation ratio n.It i.e. first will be practical
The amplitude of lightning current calculates the dash current amplitude of simulation test divided by n, then by adjusting pulse in impulse current generator
The charging voltage preset value of capacitor group come adjust test in dash current amplitude.
4. the resistivity of soil is determined according to the soil resistivity at the embedded place of practical earthing or grounding means in the test flume, to soil
Earth weighing after, by hydroscopic high-molecular resin quality by soil weight 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1% 5 kind ratio
Example is prepared respectively, changes the resistivity of soil by changing the water content of sand.Add by sunning sand or in sand
Water adjusts the resistivity of sand, until sand resistivity with the soil resistivity at the embedded place of practical earthing or grounding means identical or phase
Closely until (difference of the resistivity and practical soil resistivity that make sand is controlled 1%~2%).
5. the determination of the Current injection points position of the analogue ground device, according to practical earthing or grounding means and down conductor
Pad determine.Rushing for analogue ground device is adjusted by adjusting the tie point position of braiding copper strips and analogue ground device
Hit Current injection points position.
6. the size and the depth of burying of the analogue ground device according to the size of practical earthing or grounding means, the depth of burying and
Simulation ratio n determines that the method for the size and the depth of burying that determine analogue ground device is: (1) according to earthing or grounding means in engineering
Actual conditions, determine the geometric dimension and its depth of burying of practical earthing or grounding means；(2) by the dimensioning of practical earthing or grounding means
The very little and its depth of burying divided by simulation ratio n, obtains the geometric dimension and its depth of burying of analogue ground device, geometry respectively
Size includes the length of conductor and the sectional area of conductor.
2) joint test circuit
The 1) after the completion of step, carries out wiring to test loop according to apparatus of the present invention.That is: make connecting line point with braiding copper strips
Not by the cathode of the impulse capacitor group and test flume bottom copper sheet connect and ground；Make connecting line for institute with braiding copper strips
The pedestal of the lower half copper ball for the impulse current generator stated is connected with the Current injection points of analogue ground device；With coaxial shielding electricity
The signal output end of impulse voltage divider is connected by cable with the first input channel CH1 of wide band digital oscillograph, to by mould
High Voltage Impulse Waveform on quasi- earthing or grounding means is exported to wide band digital oscilloscope display；Core-theaded type current sensor is sleeved on use
On the braiding copper strips for analogue ground device injection dash current or at the axial current tested point of analogue ground device, to
Total Injection Current of analogue ground device or the axial current of each axial current tested point are measured, by core-theaded type current sensor
Signal output end be connected with the second input channel CH2 of wide band digital oscillograph, to by core-theaded type current sensor measurement
The waveform of the axial current of total Injection Current or tested point of the analogue ground device of acquisition exports aobvious to wide band digital oscillograph
Show；One grade of starter of X-ray production apparatus high pressure generator is opened after being operated with manual switches input signal to PLC, while by core-theaded type
The output of current sensor terminates to the input terminal of PLC, and to trigger PLC work, the output of PLC terminates the high pressure of X-ray production apparatus
Two grades of both ends of starter of raw device finally check whether wiring is correct, and whether connection is good, after whole wiring connection is good,
It just can be carried out in next step.
3) impulsive discharge, shooting soil spark discharge Channel Test are carried out
The 2) after the completion of step, and inrush current generator, setting charging voltage value is equal to the charging determined in (1) step
Voltage preset value, and the charging time is arranged according to the size of charging voltage, when charging voltage is greater than 50kV, the charging time is set
It is set to 90s, on the contrary then will be set as 60s in the charging time, this is in order to avoid charging too fast and to accelerate impulse capacitor group old
Change or phenomena such as uneven of charging occurs." starting to charge " key after being provided with, is pressed, reaches pre- to the charging of impulse capacitor group
If when voltage value, opening manual switch in (2), so that X-ray production apparatus bulb is in rotation status, press " triggering " key, dash current
The lower half copper ball of the pneumatic ignition ball gap of generator ball gap during moving upwards is breakdown, dash current icAct on test
On analogue ground device in slot, to complete one-shot discharge test, the signal of current sensor is input at the same time
PLC triggers two grades of X-ray production apparatus, synchronizes shooting.Impulsive discharge test successively is carried out to analogue ground device, tests process
In it should be noted that voltage and current under same experimental condition carries out 6 measurements, 4 test datas for taking size placed in the middle are averaged
It is worth effective measured value as grounded screen dash current under this condition, copes with entire charge and discharge circuit electric discharge after test every time, often
Test soil pattern will be carried out after Secondary Shocks test to re-mix the electrical characteristic for uniformly guaranteeing soil and shape is restored just
Often, to guarantee the accuracy of measurement result.
4) data calculation processing
3) after the completion of step, when the Transient grounding resistance of calculating simulation earthing or grounding means, according to 3) step wide band digital show
What is shown on wave device acts on the impulse current waveform on analogue ground device, reads dash current icAmplitude Ip, according to soil
Discharge channel three-view diagram carries out three-dimensionalreconstruction, calculates discharge channel volume V, and calculate through macromolecule water uptake using following expression
The unit impact vent discharge flow valuve i of resin resistance-lowering material improvement soil.
I=Ip/V
The spark discharge through hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material improvement soil that shooting under various experiment conditions is obtained
Channel image utilizes image processing techniques, obtains impact diffusing rule of the analogue ground device under the effect of this dash current, is
The research of soil discharge mechanism provides experiment basis and verification method.
The above embodiment is interpreted as being merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention.?
After the content for having read record of the invention, technical staff can be made various changes or modifications the present invention, these equivalent changes
Change and modification equally falls into the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency, it is characterised in that: including impact
Current feedback circuit (1), coaxial shielding line (2), core-theaded type current sensor (3), PLC programmable controller (4), test flume (5),
Analogue ground device (6), X-ray production apparatus (7), digital imagery plate (8), image processing system (9) and digital oscilloscope (10)；Wherein
The impulse current generator (1) is infused by braiding copper strips and the electric current for the analogue ground device (6) being embedded in test flume (5)
Access point connection, core-theaded type current sensor (3) is sleeved on the braiding copper strips or the axial current of analogue ground device (6) waits for
At measuring point, the signal output end of core-theaded type current sensor (3) is connect with a wherein input channel for digital oscilloscope (10), is worn
Another output of core type current sensor (3) terminates to the input terminal of PLC programmable controller (4), PLC programmable controller
(4) output end is connect with X-ray production apparatus (7), and X-ray production apparatus (7) issues X-ray after test flume (5) by digital imagery plate (8)
It receives, digital imagery plate (8) is connect with the PC machine for being equipped with image processing system (9).
2. a kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the impulse current generator (1) includes pressure regulator T1, step-up transformer T2, silicon stack rectifier D, wave regulating resistor R,
Harmonic inductance L, impulse capacitor group C, pulse ignition device A, parallel connection ball gap G and charging resistor r1；The pressure regulator T1Inlet wire
End is connect by conducting wire with 220V or 380V power frequency supply, pressure regulator T1Leading-out terminal and step-up transformer T2Primary side by leading
Line connection；Step-up transformer T2Secondary side connect with silicon stack rectifier D with conducting wire；The extraction wire of silicon stack rectifier D successively with
Charging resistor r1, parallel connection ball gap G is connected；Ball gap G in parallel includes upper half copper ball and lower half copper ball, and the position of upper half copper ball is solid
Fixed, extraction wire is connect with the anode of impulse capacitor group C, the cathode ground connection of impulse capacitor group C；The extraction of lower half copper ball
Conducting wire series connection harmonic inductance L and wave regulating resistor R, is then connected by braiding copper strips and the Current injection points of analogue ground device (6)
It connects；Pulse ignition device A is connect with PLC programmable controller (4), and pulse ignition device A applies igniting arteries and veins to ball gap G in parallel
Punching.
3. a kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency according to claim 2,
Be characterized in that: the impulse capacitor group C is composed in parallel by the impulse capacitor of 4~20 10~100 μ F, wherein every 2~3
Impulse capacitor composes in parallel 1 group, and each group uniformly arranges, and forming one with ball gap in parallel connected to it is circle
The not silent annulus of the heart, each group impulse capacitor anode pass through braiding copper strips and connect with the upper half copper ball pedestal of ball gap in parallel.
4. a kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency according to claim 3,
Be characterized in that: the upper half copper ball of the parallel connection ball gap G and the pedestal of lower half copper ball are cylindrical body.
5. any one of -4 described a kind of suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency according to claim 1
Device, it is characterised in that: the test flume (5) is wooden slot, and the medial surface of test flume (5) and bottom are equipped with conductive copper sheet, lead to
Test flume (5) are grounded by the conductive copper sheet for crossing bottom using conducting wire.
6. a kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency according to claim 5,
Be characterized in that: equipped with soil and hydroscopic high-molecular resin in the test flume (5), hydroscopic high-molecular resin weight presses soil weight
0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% or 1% mixed with soil.
7. a kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency according to claim 6,
Be characterized in that: the material of the analogue ground device (6) is identical as the tested material of practical earthing or grounding means, the analogue ground
Device (6) is embedded in test flume (5) in the mixture of soil and hydroscopic high-molecular resin, and inbuilt depth is according to practical ground connection
The depth of burying and simulation ratio n of device determine, and the center of analogue ground device (6) is each to test flume (5) outer wall
Vertex is equidistant.
8. a kind of device suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the core-theaded type current sensor (3) includes non-magnetic skeleton, copper coil, bayonet nut connector socket, product
Parallel circuit and insulation crust；The non-magnetic skeleton is annular shape, and copper coil is uniformly wound on the non-magnetic skeleton of circular ring shape
On, the lead-out wire at copper coil both ends and the input terminal of integrating circuit connect, the output connection bayonet nut connection of integrating circuit
Device socket is cast with insulation crust on core-theaded type current sensor surface, and bayonet nut connector socket is arranged in insulation crust
Outside.
9. any one of -4 or 6-8 are described a kind of suitable for hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency according to claim 1
The device of assessment, it is characterised in that: further include impulse voltage divider (11), one end of impulse voltage divider (11) and simulation
The Current injection points of earthing or grounding means (6) connect, other end ground connection.
10. utilize any one of claim 1-9 described device carry out resistance-reducing efficiency assessment method, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
1) experimental condition is determined
Experimental condition is determined first, that is, determines the output voltage of X-ray machine and exports the wave head of electric current, irradiation time, dash current
Time and wave rear time, amplitude, the resistivity of soil, the Current injection points position of analogue ground device, simulation connect in test flume
The size and the depth of burying of ground device；
2) joint test circuit
After the completion of step 1), wiring is carried out to test loop according to described device；
3) after the completion of step 2), impulsive discharge is carried out, X-ray production apparatus shoots soil spark discharge channel；
4) data calculation processing
When the Transient grounding resistance of calculating simulation earthing or grounding means, simulation is acted on according to what is shown on step 3) digital oscilloscope
Impulse current waveform on earthing or grounding means reads dash current icAmplitude Ip；The irradiation side that x-ray imaging device obtains
Upward two-dimensional image data is calculated the volume V of soil discharge channel by three-dimensionalreconstruction, and is calculated using following formula through high score
Unit impact vent discharge the flow valuve i, i=I of sub- water-absorbing resin resistance-lowering material improvement soilp/V。
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| CN201910207713.8A CN110082650A (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | A kind of devices and methods therefor suitable for the assessment of hydroscopic high-molecular resin resistance-lowering material resistance-reducing efficiency |
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| CN111722006A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Voltage and current acquisition device for epoxy resin composite material under action of lightning current |
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