CN110080267B - A composite gravity anchorage foundation suitable for marine floating structures - Google Patents
A composite gravity anchorage foundation suitable for marine floating structures Download PDFInfo
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- CN110080267B CN110080267B CN201910353820.1A CN201910353820A CN110080267B CN 110080267 B CN110080267 B CN 110080267B CN 201910353820 A CN201910353820 A CN 201910353820A CN 110080267 B CN110080267 B CN 110080267B
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/20—Caisson foundations combined with pile foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/50—Anchored foundations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于海洋漂浮式结构的复合重力式锚固基础，包括箱体和钢管桩，所述的箱体放置于海床上，箱体内装填有堆积料，顶部连接有锚链，四周连接有衬板，所述的衬板包括宽下衬板和窄下衬板，所述的宽下衬板顶部设有宽上衬板，窄下衬板顶部设有窄上衬板，所述的宽上衬板、窄上衬板能够分别在宽下衬板、窄下衬板表面滑动，所述的箱体底部设有底锥，所述的底锥插入海床；所述的钢管桩穿过箱体底部预留的桩孔进入海床深处。本发明充分利用了装有重物的箱体的竖向抗拔性能，以及钢管桩的水平向抗拉性能，有效的提升了本发明锚固基础在锚链系泊角度变化的适应性，减少了应对竖向或水平锚固承载性能要求而造成的材料过度浪费。
The invention discloses a composite gravity anchorage foundation suitable for marine floating structures, comprising a box body and a steel pipe pile. A lining plate is connected, the lining plate includes a wide lower lining plate and a narrow lower lining plate, the top of the wide lower lining plate is provided with a wide upper lining plate, and the top of the narrow lower lining plate is provided with a narrow upper lining plate, the The wide upper lining plate and the narrow upper lining plate can slide on the surfaces of the wide lower lining plate and the narrow lower lining plate respectively, the bottom of the box is provided with a bottom cone, and the bottom cone is inserted into the seabed; the steel pipe The pile enters the deep seabed through the pile hole reserved at the bottom of the box. The invention makes full use of the vertical pullout resistance of the box with heavy objects and the horizontal pullout resistance of the steel pipe pile, effectively improving the adaptability of the anchoring foundation of the present invention to the mooring angle change of the anchor chain, reducing the Excessive waste of material due to vertical or horizontal anchor bearing performance requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of construction of ocean engineering infrastructures, in particular to a composite gravity type anchoring foundation suitable for an ocean floating type structure.
Background
With the continuous and deep development of industrialization, the energy demand is increasing, the energy stored in the ocean is gradually paid attention, and with the development of scientific technology, the sites for energy exploitation have been gradually shifted from offshore to medium-depth sea areas. No matter the oil gas exploitation and storage facility or the new energy power generation device, if the construction and implementation are carried out in the sea area with medium depth, a floating structure is required to be adopted. The open sea hydrological meteorological conditions are complex and variable, good bearing stability is a necessary condition for safe operation of the floating structure, and the key part is the anchoring system for providing the limit function of the floating structure. A typical mooring system consists of a chain and an anchor base that ultimately bears the superstructure loads transmitted from the chain.
Depending on the mooring angle of the anchor chain, the anchor chain load acting on the anchoring foundation may vary between a horizontal pull-out load and a vertical pull-out load. The conventional anchor foundation comprises a box-type caisson foundation, a suction bucket foundation, a pile foundation and the like. The box caisson foundation sets up on the seabed surface, relies on the gravity of self to provide anchor power, but its level often is little than vertical wanting to the bearing capacity, can't effectively use in bearing the operating mode that horizontal load is leading. The suction bucket foundation has higher requirements on the soil quality of the seabed, and the seabed with good bearing capacity may have the situation of being difficult to sink. The pile foundation can be suitable for seabed of different types of soil texture, but existing research shows that the vertical bearing capacity of the anchor pile is generally far smaller than the horizontal bearing capacity, so that the anchor pile is difficult to be suitable for the working condition of vertical upward pulling. Obviously, the existing anchoring foundation technology in the field is difficult to effectively cope with the influence caused by the change of the anchor chain load angle, and huge waste is caused no matter what kind of foundation is needed to safely cover all load working conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a composite gravity type anchoring foundation suitable for an ocean floating type structure, which combines vertical uplift resistance and horizontal drawing through effective combination of a caisson and a pile foundation, effectively solves engineering potential safety hazards caused by anchor chain angle change in actual engineering, and improves engineering applicability of a single foundation form.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention comprises a box body and a steel pipe pile, wherein the box body is placed on a seabed, piled materials are filled in the box body, the top of the box body is connected with an anchor chain, the periphery of the box body is connected with lining plates, each lining plate comprises a wide lower lining plate and a narrow lower lining plate, a wide upper lining plate is arranged at the top of the wide lower lining plate, a narrow upper lining plate is arranged at the top of the narrow lower lining plate, the wide upper lining plate and the narrow upper lining plate can respectively slide on the surfaces of the wide lower lining plate and the narrow lower lining plate, a bottom cone is arranged at the bottom of the box body, and the bottom cone; and the steel pipe pile penetrates through a pile hole reserved at the bottom of the box body to enter the deep part of the seabed.
The box inside be equipped with long baffle and short baffle, long baffle and short baffle cross arrangement, long baffle and short baffle are inside from horizontal, the vertical direction support box to divide into four regions with the box inside.
The anchor chain is fixed on the top of the long partition plate through the anchor chain buckle, and the anchor chain is broken when the anchor chain bears tension.
The inside region of box all is provided with the support arm, and the bight in the box outside all is fixed with strengthens the angle.
The wide lower lining plate and the narrow lower lining plate are connected with the box body through hinged supports on the periphery of the box body.
The hinge seat below correspond and be provided with wide lower liner plate and support, narrow lower liner plate and support, wherein, narrow lower liner plate supports and is located narrow lower liner plate bottom, wide lower liner plate supports and is located wide lower liner plate bottom, one side welding that wide lower liner plate supported and narrow lower liner plate supported is in the bottom of the box lateral wall, the opposite side welds corresponding welt bottom down.
The two sides of the wide lower liner plate and the narrow lower liner plate are both provided with grooves, the bottoms of the wide lower liner plate and the narrow lower liner plate are respectively provided with a wide lower liner plate buckle and a narrow lower liner plate buckle, and the wide lower liner plate and the narrow lower liner plate can be tightened outside the box body in the process of sinking the box body through the arrangement of the binding bands penetrating through the wide lower liner plate buckle and the narrow lower liner plate buckle.
The top of the steel pipe pile is provided with a pile top buckle, and the bottom of the pile top buckle is pressed and buckled on the box body bottom plate.
And a pile top reinforcing block is arranged at the upper part of the steel pipe pile.
The top of the box body is provided with a lifting hook.
The working principle is as follows: before the box body is sunk, an anchor chain is fixed to the top of the long partition plate through an anchor chain locking belt, the wide lower lining plate and the narrow lower lining plate are tightened outside the box body through binding bands, the box body is sunk to a preset position through a box body lifting hook, steel pipe piles in different areas are sequentially driven into the box body until the bottom surface of a pile top buckle is buckled on the bottom plate of the box body, iron ore and other heavy materials are filled in the box body, the binding bands penetrating through the wide lower lining plate buckle and the narrow lower lining plate buckle are removed, the wide upper lining plate, the narrow upper lining plate, the wide lower lining plate and the narrow lower lining plate are sequentially lowered to the seabed around the box body, the anti-scouring function of the seabed around the box body is realized, then the anchor chain is pulled and moored to a floating structure, and finally the bearing optimization effect that the vertical load transmitted by the anchor chain is mainly born by.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable progress:
(1) the anchor pile foundation is provided with the box-shaped space capable of being filled with heavy objects such as ores and the like, utilizes the self-large dead weight, and has obvious, controllable and adjustable vertical uplift bearing capacity compared with the traditional anchor pile foundation with weak vertical uplift bearing capacity, and the limit safety and stability of the upper floating structure of vertical or inclined-to-vertical anchor chain mooring are ensured;
(2) compared with the traditional gravity type anchoring foundation with poorer horizontal bearing performance, the lower part of the box type structure is provided with the plurality of steel pipe piles, and the horizontal load resistance of the steel pipe piles is utilized, so that the limit safety and stability of the upper floating type structure of the horizontal or deviated horizontal anchor chain mooring can be effectively ensured;
(3) the foldable lining plates are arranged on the periphery of the box body, so that compared with the traditional gravity type anchoring foundation, the problem of seabed scouring around the box body can be effectively inhibited in the environment that water flows in the seabed, the construction and installation are simple and convenient, and no additional construction process is needed;
(4) the bottom of the box body is provided with a plurality of bottom cones, so that the scratching damage surface can be controlled in the seabed soil body when the device bears and slides, and compared with the condition that the sliding damage surface of a common foundation is generated on the contact surface of the structure and the soil body, the device bears and bears a more reasonable stress mechanism, and the obtained bearing is higher;
(5) the main components of the invention are prefabricated parts, the on-site preparation and construction are simple, the on-site pouring operation is not needed, the time required for realizing the anchoring function is short, the box body has better stability, a subsequent pile foundation construction platform can be provided, and the reserved pile position is also beneficial to the accurate positioning of the pile foundation construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion i of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention includes an anchor chain 1, an anchor chain locking band 2, an anchor chain hook 3, a box 4, a reinforcement angle 5, a bottom cone 6, a steel pipe pile 7, a hook 8, an upper support arm 9, a narrow lower liner plate 10, a narrow upper liner plate 11, a wide lower liner plate 12, a wide upper liner plate 13, a pile top buckle 14, an anchor chain locking band buckle 15, a short partition plate 16, a long partition plate 17, a wide lower liner plate buckle 18, a narrow lower liner plate buckle 19, a narrow lower liner plate support 20, a wide lower liner plate support 21, a pile top reinforcement block 22, a lower support arm 23, and a hinge base 24. As shown in fig. 1, the box body 4 is placed on the mud surface of the seabed, the box body 4 is a square structure with an opening on the top surface and is formed by welding steel plates, four pile holes for the steel pipe piles 7 to pass through are reserved on the bottom plate of the box body 4, and the steel pipe piles 7 pass through the pile holes reserved on the bottom plate of the box body 4 and enter the deep part of the seabed. The box 4 is filled with relatively heavy heaps such as iron ore.
As shown in fig. 2, the inside of the box 4 is provided with a long partition 17 and a short partition 16 which are crossed, wherein the long partition 17 is arranged along the length direction of the box 4, and the short partition 16 is arranged along the width direction of the box 4. The short partition plates 16 and the long partition plates 17 are rectangular steel plates, support the inside of the box body 4 from the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, and evenly divide the inside of the box body 4 into four same areas. Four areas inside the box body 4 are provided with supporting arms, wherein four upper supporting arms 9 are respectively arranged in two areas above the box body 4; four lower supporting arms 23 are respectively arranged in two areas below the box body 4. The supporting arms in the four areas are distributed in a diamond shape, each supporting arm is in a steel column shape with the same length, and two ends of each supporting arm are flat, so that bolts can conveniently penetrate through the supporting arms. The two ends of the four upper supporting arms 9 and the two ends of the lower supporting arms 23 are respectively fixed between the inner wall of the box body, the inner wall of the box body and the short partition plate 16, the inner wall of the box body and the long partition plate 17, and the short partition plate 16 and the long partition plate 17 through bolts.
As shown in FIG. 2, the left and right sides of the box 4 are respectively provided with two narrow lower liner plates 10, the upper and lower sides are respectively provided with a whole wide lower liner plate 12, and the two narrow lower liner plates 10 are symmetrically distributed along the long partition plate 17. The wide lower liner plate 12 and the narrow lower liner plate 10 are made of hard composite plates and are connected with the box body 4 through hinged supports 24 designed on the periphery of the box body 4, the hinged supports 24 are positioned on the periphery of the box body close to the bottom, and all the hinged supports 24 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, as shown in fig. 5. Two wide lower lining board buckles 18 are arranged at the bottom of each wide lower lining board 12, one narrow lower lining board buckle 19 is arranged at the bottom of each narrow lower lining board 10, as shown in fig. 3, the wide lower lining board buckles 18 and the narrow lower lining board buckles 19 are hollow, and the wide lower lining boards 12 and the narrow lower lining boards 10 can be tightened outside the box body 4 in the sinking process of the box body 4 by arranging binding bands penetrating through the wide lower lining board buckles 18 and the narrow lower lining board buckles 19. The upper parts of the wide lower liner plate 12 and the narrow lower liner plate 10 are respectively provided with a wide upper liner plate 13 and a narrow upper liner plate 11, the wide upper liner plate 13 and the narrow upper liner plate 11 are hard composite plates, a little hole is formed in the wide upper liner plate 13, and two ends of the wide upper liner plate and the narrow upper liner plate 11 are provided with bumps, as shown in fig. 5. The wide lower lining plate 12 and the narrow lower lining plate 10 are provided with grooves on two sides for the wide upper lining plate 13 and the narrow upper lining plate 11 to slide down freely. A wide lower liner plate support 21 and a narrow lower liner plate support 20 are correspondingly arranged below the hinged support 24, wherein the narrow lower liner plate support 20 is positioned at the bottom of the narrow lower liner plate 10, the wide lower liner plate support 21 is positioned at the bottom of the wide lower liner plate 12, the wide lower liner plate support 21 and the narrow lower liner plate support 20 are triangular steel plates, one side of each triangular steel plate is welded at the bottom of the side wall of the box body 4, and the other side of each triangular steel plate is welded at the bottom of the corresponding lower liner plate, as shown in. After the box body 4 is completely sunk, the wide lower lining plate 12 and the narrow lower lining plate 10 are unfolded and placed at the top of the lower lining plate support, and the wide upper lining plate 13 and the narrow upper lining plate 11 slide out to cover the periphery of the box body 4. The four corners of the outer side of the box body 4 are also provided with L-shaped reinforcing angles 5, and two ends of each reinforcing angle 5 are respectively fixed with a wide lower lining plate 12 and a narrow lower lining plate 10. A wide lower lining plate support 21 is arranged between the position, close to the side wall of the box body, at the bottom of the wide lower lining plate 12 and the side wall of the box body 4, and a narrow lower lining plate support 20 is arranged between the position, close to the side wall of the box body, at the bottom of the narrow lower lining plate 10 and the side wall of the box body 4.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a chain hook 3 for mooring the anchor chain 1 is provided at a central position of the top of the long bulkhead 17, and the anchor chain 1 is connected to the center of the long bulkhead 17 of the box body 4, thereby providing an anchoring force for the upper floating structure. The anchor chain hook 3 is in a steel annular shape, the anchor chain lock belt buckle 15 is arranged between the anchor chain hook 3 and the side wall of the box body 4, the anchor chain lock belt buckle 15 is hollow and welded on two sides of the long partition plate 17, the anchor chain 1 is fixed on the top of the long partition plate 17 through the anchor chain lock belt 2 by the anchor chain lock belt buckle 15 in the installation process of the invention, and the anchor chain lock belt 2 is disconnected when the anchor chain 1 bears tension. The top of the box body 4 is provided with a lifting hook 8, the bottom surface of the box body 4 is provided with a plurality of rows of cross-shaped bottom cones 6, as shown in fig. 3, the cross sections of the bottom cones 6 are gradually increased from bottom to top, the bottom cones 6 are of steel structures, the larger side end faces are welded to the bottom surface of the box body 4, and the bottom cones 6 are pressed into the seabed along with the box body 4 so as to improve the anti-sliding capacity of the box body 4.
The external diameter of steel-pipe pile 7 is unanimous with the external diameter that box 4 reserved pile hole, and distributes in four inside regions of box 4, and the pile top of steel-pipe pile 7 is provided with pile top and detains 14, and pile top is detained 14 and is left the round hole for steel disc and centre, and 14 bottoms are detained in box 4 bottom plate top surface to pile top pressure. As shown in fig. 4, a pile top reinforcing block 22 is further provided between the upper portion of the steel pipe pile 7 and the pile top buckle 14.
Before the box body 4 is sunk, an anchor chain 1 is fixed to the top of a long partition plate 17 through an anchor chain locking belt 2, a wide lower lining plate 12 and a narrow lower lining plate 10 are tightened on the outer side of the box body 4 through binding belts, the box body 4 is sunk to a preset position through a lifting hook 8, steel pipe piles 7 in different areas are sequentially driven until the bottom surface of a pile top buckle 14 is buckled on the bottom plate of the box body 4, iron ore and other heavy blocks are filled in the box body 4, a binding belt 19 penetrating through the wide lower lining plate buckle 18 and the narrow lower lining plate buckle is removed, the wide upper lining plate 13, the narrow upper lining plate 11, the wide lower lining plate 12 and the narrow lower lining plate 10 are sequentially lowered to the seabed around the box body 4, the scour prevention function of the seabed around the box body 4 is realized, then the anchor chain 1 is pulled and moored to a floating structure, and finally the bearing optimization effect that the vertical load transmitted by the anchor chain 1 is mainly carried out.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910353820.1A CN110080267B (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-04-29 | A composite gravity anchorage foundation suitable for marine floating structures |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910353820.1A CN110080267B (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-04-29 | A composite gravity anchorage foundation suitable for marine floating structures |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110080267A CN110080267A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
| CN110080267B true CN110080267B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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| CN201910353820.1A Expired - Fee Related CN110080267B (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-04-29 | A composite gravity anchorage foundation suitable for marine floating structures |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3496900A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1970-02-24 | Texaco Inc | Method for installing a deep water anchor |
| CN201457708U (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2010-05-12 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Seat bottom offshore platform with anti-erosion and anti-burble functions |
| CN101985838A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-03-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for preventing and controlling pile foundation washout of offshore oil platform |
| CN204803913U (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏海上龙源风力发电有限公司 | Take raft board combined type marine wind power fan single pile basis |
| CN106381881A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Gravity-type single-pile foundation |
| CN207244554U (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-04-17 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of hollow caisson and winged sheet pile base resistance to plucking composite construction |
| CN208219598U (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-12-11 | 王世加 | A kind of assembled offshore pile scour protection device |
-
2019
- 2019-04-29 CN CN201910353820.1A patent/CN110080267B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3496900A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1970-02-24 | Texaco Inc | Method for installing a deep water anchor |
| CN201457708U (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2010-05-12 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Seat bottom offshore platform with anti-erosion and anti-burble functions |
| CN101985838A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-03-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for preventing and controlling pile foundation washout of offshore oil platform |
| CN204803913U (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏海上龙源风力发电有限公司 | Take raft board combined type marine wind power fan single pile basis |
| CN106381881A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Gravity-type single-pile foundation |
| CN207244554U (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-04-17 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of hollow caisson and winged sheet pile base resistance to plucking composite construction |
| CN208219598U (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-12-11 | 王世加 | A kind of assembled offshore pile scour protection device |
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| CN110080267A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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