Heating furnace
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of petrochemical industry, more particularly to heating furnace.
Background technique
Tubular heater is heating equipment important in petrochemical plant, and design and operation level often directly affect
The treating capacity of device, operating flexibility and the cycle of operation.
Currently, the tubular heater of petrochemical industry can be divided into single side radiation by radiation mode and double-side radiation heats
Furnace.Wherein, single side radiation heating furnace abuts the arrangement of furnace wall using boiler tube, and burner is located at burner hearth bottom middle position,
Boiler tube is only by single side flame and gas radiation, and the boiler tube calorific intensity that is averaged is lower, about 20~30kW/m2, and the circumferential heat of boiler tube
Uniform intensity distribution is poor, and nonuniformity coefficient is about 1.8, causes furnace tube heat transfer area utilization low, usually larger in treating capacity
Heating furnace in seldom use.
In comparison, equiflux heater can effectively improve furnace tube heat transfer area utilization, and boiler tube is averaged calorific intensity
About 25~35kW/m2.As shown in fig. 1, the boiler tube of existing equiflux heater 1 is located in heating furnace radiation chamber 12
Between, the two sides of boiler tube are provided with burner for heating furnace 14.Although the two sides of boiler tube are provided with burner for heating furnace 14,
Installation site is respectively positioned on furnace bottom, leads to the thermo parameters method on furnace height direction and uneven, is embodied in burner hearth difference
The calorific intensity difference in distribution of boiler tube in short transverse is larger, therefore limits boiler tube and be averaged the further increasing of calorific intensity.
Currently, single increase heat transfer area is only leaned in the enlargement of heating furnace, increases the mode of burner hearth quantity, necessarily causes
Equipment investment and operating cost are significantly increased, and really improve utilization rate of equipment and installations.Therefore, heating furnace enlargement needs to solve
Critical issue be improve boiler tube average calorific intensity, increase the operating flexibility of heating furnace, could effectively save equipment investment and
Operating cost is reduced, unit scale benefit is embodied.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome existing equiflux heater boiler tube to be averaged, calorific intensity raising is limited, burner hearth is high
The problems such as direction thermo parameters method is uneven, heating furnace operation flexibility is small is spent, a kind of double staged heating furnaces of district heating are provided.
The radiation chamber of the heating furnace has the side wall and multiple chambers of step structure, is provided with burner element in each chamber, thus
So that the calorific intensity distribution of the boiler tube on radiation chamber height direction is more uniform.
To achieve the goals above, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of heating furnace, and the heating furnace includes:
The side wall of radiation chamber, the radiation chamber has step structure, and the step structure will be in the radiation chamber
Portion space is divided at least two to be interconnected each other and along the chamber of the short transverse of radiation chamber arrangement, wherein
Chamber positioned at the radiation chamber bottommost is first chamber, and it is the second chamber that remaining, which is located at the chamber above the first chamber,
Room;
Multiple boiler tubes, multiple boiler tubes are set in the radiation chamber, and multiple boiler tubes are along the radiation chamber
Short transverse arrangement;And
Combustion mechanism, the combustion mechanism include the main combustion that can heat the boiler tube being installed in the first chamber
Burner and the auxiliary burner that can heat the boiler tube being installed in the second chamber.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, by setting the side wall of radiation chamber to have and can divide the inner space of radiation chamber
Be cut at least two each other be interconnected and along the short transverse of radiation chamber arrangement chambers step structure and
The burner of furnace tubing is capable of in setting in each chamber, main burner is arranged such as in first chamber and in second chamber
Interior setting auxiliary burner significantly improves so that the thermo parameters method on radiation chamber different height direction is more uniform
The average calorific intensity of boiler tube, improves the treating capacity of heating furnace.
Preferably, it is on the direction of roof of each chamber with the bottom wall in the radiation chamber to the radiation chamber
The side wall of gradually-reducing shape;And/or
The radiation chamber is divided into along perpendicular to the symmetrical structure in the radiation chamber short transverse by multiple boiler tubes.
Preferably, the side wall of the radiation chamber includes the first annular wall for being connected to the bottom wall of the radiation chamber, and described
One annular wall is in gradually-reducing shape on the bottom wall to the direction of the roof of the radiation chamber of the radiation chamber, and the first chamber is by institute
First annular wall is stated to be enclosed.
Preferably, the side wall of the radiation chamber includes being arranged between the bottom wall of the radiation chamber and the first annular wall
First annular connection wall, the first annular connection wall along the radiation chamber short transverse extend;
The first chamber is enclosed jointly by the first annular connection wall and the first annular wall.
Preferably, the height of the first annular connection wall is no more than 5 meters;And/or
The first annular wall includes inclined-plane, and the angle between the inclined-plane and horizontal plane is 45-90 °.
Preferably, the second chamber by be connected to the neighbouring chamber the annular wall being in gradually-reducing shape platform part and
It is connected to second be in gradually-reducing shape on the direction of the platform part and the roof in the bottom wall of the radiation chamber to the radiation chamber
Annular wall is enclosed jointly.
Preferably, second annular wall includes inclined-plane, and the angle between the inclined-plane and the platform part is 45-90 °.
Preferably, the boiler tube is along horizontally disposed perpendicular to radiation chamber stepped profile direction;
The pairs of main burner that the multipair length direction along the boiler tube is arranged is provided in the first chamber, it is described
Pairs of main burner opposite two sides that the boiler tube is set respectively;
The pairs of auxiliary burner that the multipair length direction along the boiler tube is arranged, institute are provided in the second chamber
State pairs of auxiliary burner opposite two sides that the boiler tube is set respectively.
Preferably, the main burner is installed on the bottom wall of the first chamber, and the auxiliary burner is installed on phase
Answer the platform part in chamber;Wherein:
Spacing between the adjacent main burner ipsilateral positioned at the boiler tube is 800-1500mm, is located at the furnace
Managing the spacing between the ipsilateral adjacent auxiliary burner is 800-3000mm;And/or
The distance between the main burner and the side wall of the first chamber be 10-600mm, the auxiliary burner and
The distance between side wall of the second chamber is 10-600mm.
Preferably, the spacing between the adjacent boiler tube is 1.5-3.0 times of the outer diameter of the boiler tube.
Preferably, the heating furnace includes convection cell and multiple radiation chambers for being connected respectively with the convection cell,
Multiple radiation chambers are arranged side by side.
The positive effect of the present invention is that: the present invention radiates cell structure using double stageds, and wall-attached is respectively set
Main burner and auxiliary burner can significantly increase Mean heat strength of radiant tube, improve heating furnace treating capacity, and can effectively prevent
Only flame licks pipe;Major-minor burner cooperation is adjusted, and is remarkably improved heating furnace operation flexibility.In addition, when the type of furnace is for radiating
When the vacuum furnace or coking furnace of boiler tube steam injection, due to reducing boiler tube number of tube passes, steam injection total amount can be reduced, save operation at
This.The type of furnace is widely applicable to the high throughput heating furnace in enlarged petrochemical plant, can substantially save equipment investment and
Operating cost embodies unit scale benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the partial profile structure of equiflux heater in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the partial profile structure of the heating furnace of the preferred embodiment for the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the partial profile structure of the heating furnace of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of symbols
1- equiflux heater;12- heating furnace radiation chamber;14- burner for heating furnace;2- heating furnace;20- radiation chamber;
21a- first chamber;The first annular connection wall of 210a-;The first annular wall of 212a-;21b- second chamber;210b- platform part;
The second annular wall of 212b-;22- boiler tube;24a- main burner;24b- auxiliary burner;26- convection cell;28- convection coil.
Specific embodiment
In the present invention, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, the noun of locality used such as " upper and lower, left and right " typically refers to
Understand that " inside and outside " is the inside and outside of the profile of finger in conjunction with the orientation in orientation shown in the drawings and practical application.
The present invention provides a kind of heating furnace, heating furnace 2 includes radiation chamber 20, the multiple boiler tubes being set in radiation chamber 20
22 and combustion mechanism.Wherein, the side wall of radiation chamber 20 has step structure, and the step structure is by the inside of radiation chamber 20
Space is divided at least two to be interconnected each other and along the chamber of the short transverse of radiation chamber 20 arrangement, wherein is located at
The chamber of 20 bottommost of radiation chamber is first chamber 21a, and it is second chamber 21b that remaining, which is located at the chamber above first chamber 21a,;
Multiple boiler tubes 22 are arranged along the short transverse of radiation chamber 20;The combustion mechanism include be installed in first chamber 21a can
The main burner 24a of the furnace tubing 22 and auxiliary burner 24b for capableing of furnace tubing 22 being installed in second chamber 21b.
By setting the side wall of radiation chamber 20 to have and the inner space of radiation chamber 20 can be divided between at least two
It is interconnected and is arranged along the step structure of the chamber of the short transverse of radiation chamber 20 arrangement and in each chamber
It is capable of the burner of furnace tubing 22, main burner 24a is set such as in first chamber 21a and is arranged in second chamber 21b
Auxiliary burner 24b significantly improves furnace so that the thermo parameters method on 20 different height direction of radiation chamber is more uniform
The average calorific intensity of pipe 22, improves the treating capacity of heating furnace 2.In addition, major-minor burner cooperation is adjusted, it is remarkably improved heating
Furnace operating flexibility.
Under the premise of heat transfer area is constant, the average calorific intensity for improving boiler tube can reduce the tube side of boiler tube, thus can drop
The amount such as quantity of steam of medium in low injection boiler tube 22, can reduce steam injection total amount 50%, greatly reduce use cost in this way, lift
For example, with every tube side steam injection amount 500kg/h calculating, and by the cost of 3.5MPa steam based on 300 yuan/ton, reduce by a tube side
1,260,000 yuan can be saved every year.
In addition, compared with existing equiflux heater 1, in the identical situation of heat transfer area of boiler tube, boiler tube 22
Average calorific intensity can be improved 1.3 times, and the temperature of the flue gas in the exit of radiation chamber 20 is basically unchanged.It is understood that
The structure of above-mentioned heating furnace 2 can be applied to vacuum furnace or coking furnace that steam is marked in boiler tube 22.Wherein, boiler tube 22 can be used more
The mode of grade variable diameter is arranged, and when variable diameter, large-diameter pipe can be used and small diameter tube is coaxially connected, and boiler tube 22 can be by being arranged in radiation chamber 20
Interior furnace tube support support;In addition, the spacing between adjacent boiler tube 22 can be furnace when selecting normal straight tube as boiler tube 22
1.5-3 times of the outer diameter of pipe 22.As shown in Figure 2, heating furnace 2 may also include the convection cell 26 being connected with radiation chamber 20,
It may be provided with multiple convection coils in convection cell 26 and along the settable multiple rows of convection coil of the short transverse of convection cell 26, every row
28, wherein the type of convection coil 28, such as common heat exchanger tube or finned tube etc. can be selected according to actual needs.
As shown in Figure 2, each chamber has on the direction of the roof in the bottom wall of radiation chamber 20 to radiation chamber 20
The side wall being in gradually-reducing shape, in this way, can further improve the average calorific intensity of boiler tube.
In addition, radiation chamber 20 can be divided into along perpendicular to the symmetrical structure in 20 short transverse of radiation chamber by multiple boiler tubes 22,
In this way, may make the more uniform of the Temperature Distribution in 20 short transverse of radiation chamber, the average calorific intensity of boiler tube can be improved.From figure
Orientation shown in 2 sees that radiation chamber 20 can be divided into bilateral symmetry by multiple boiler tubes 22.
The chamber for being located at 20 bottommost of radiation chamber can be set to first chamber 21a;The side wall of radiation chamber 20 may include connection
In the first annular wall 212a of the bottom wall of radiation chamber 20, first annular wall 212a can radiation chamber 20 bottom wall to radiation chamber 20
It is in gradually-reducing shape on the direction of roof, first chamber 21a can be enclosed by first annular wall 212a.
In addition, the side wall of radiation chamber 20 may include be arranged between the bottom wall of radiation chamber 20 and first annular wall 212a
One ring-shaped connecting wall 210a, first annular connection wall 210a can extend along the short transverse of radiation chamber 20;First chamber 21a can be by
First annular connection wall 210a and first annular wall 212a are enclosed jointly, in this way, can further improve the evenly heat of boiler tube
Intensity.
It should be noted that the height H1 of first annular connection wall 210a is preferably no more than 5 meters, in addition, the first ring
The height H2 of shape wall 212a is preferably 0.5-5 meters.
In order to further increase the average calorific intensity of boiler tube, first annular wall 212a may include inclined-plane, may make described oblique
Angle α between face and horizontal plane1Preferably 45-90 °.It should be noted that first annular wall 212a may include an inclined-plane,
Alternatively, first annular wall 212a is in prism-frustum-shaped, terrace with edge side surface has multiple inclined-planes, it is preferable that inclines on each inclined-plane of terrace with edge
Rake angle is identical.It is further preferred that the two sides positioned at boiler tube 22 of first chamber 21a are seen as furnace from orientation shown in Fig. 2
The tilt angle of the wall of the left and right sides of pipe 22 can be identical.
In addition, can be second chamber 21b by remaining Chamber;Second chamber 21b can be by being connected to the neighbouring chamber
The platform part 210b of for example first annular wall 212a of the annular wall of room being in gradually-reducing shape and it is connected to platform part 210b and in radiation chamber
The second annular wall 212b being in gradually-reducing shape on 20 bottom wall to the direction of the roof of radiation chamber 20 is enclosed jointly.It needs to illustrate
, the height H3 of the second annular wall 212b is preferably 0.5-5 meters.
In order to further increase the average calorific intensity of boiler tube, the second annular wall 212b may include inclined-plane, may make described oblique
Angle α between face and platform part 210b2Preferably 45-90 °.It should be noted that the second annular wall 212b may include one
Inclined-plane, alternatively, the second annular wall 212b is in prism-frustum-shaped, terrace with edge side surface has multiple inclined-planes, it is preferable that each inclined-plane of terrace with edge
Tilt angle it is identical.It is further preferred that the two sides positioned at boiler tube 22 of second chamber 21b are i.e. in terms of orientation shown in Fig. 2
Tilt angle for the wall of the left and right sides of boiler tube 22 can be identical.
It is understood that boiler tube 22 is preferably along the horizontally disposed of the stepped profile perpendicular to radiation chamber 20;It can be
The pairs of main burner 24a that the multipair length direction along boiler tube 22 is arranged, pairs of main burner are provided in one chamber 21a
Opposite two sides that boiler tube 22 is arranged in are seen as the left and right sides of boiler tube 22 to 24a from orientation shown in Fig. 2 respectively;Second chamber
It may be provided with the pairs of auxiliary burner 24b that the multipair length direction along boiler tube 22 is arranged, pairs of auxiliary burner in 21b
Opposite two sides that boiler tube 22 is arranged in are seen as the left and right sides of boiler tube 22 to 24b from orientation shown in Fig. 2 respectively.By in phase
Setting multipair pairs of main burner 24a and auxiliary burner 24b, may make radiation chamber 20 in height side in the chamber answered
Upward thermo parameters method it is more uniform, substantially increase the average calorific intensity of boiler tube.
In addition, main burner 24a is mountable on the bottom wall of first chamber 21a, auxiliary burner 24b is mountable to accordingly
Platform part 210b in chamber;Wherein: the spacing between the adjacent main burner 24a ipsilateral positioned at boiler tube 22 is 800-
Spacing between 1500mm, the adjacent auxiliary burner 24b ipsilateral positioned at boiler tube 22 is 800-3000mm.
Lick pipe in order to prevent, burner can attached wall setting, wherein between main burner 24a and the side wall of first chamber 21a
Distance be the distance between the side wall of 10-600mm, auxiliary burner 24b and second chamber 21b be 10-600mm.
In addition, as shown in Figure 3, heating furnace 2 may include multiple radiation chambers 20, and multiple radiation chambers 20 can be arranged side by side.Its
In, multiple radiation chambers 20 are connected with convection cell 26 respectively.In order to avoid interference, each radiation chamber 20 can be independent
Operation.
It is described the prefered embodiments of the present invention in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited thereto.At this
, can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made in the range of the technology design of invention, including each particular technique
Feature is combined in any suitable manner.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention is to various combinations of possible ways
No further explanation will be given.But it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, belongs to the present invention
Protection scope.