CN110079006B - Composite breakdown-resistant power cable - Google Patents
Composite breakdown-resistant power cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN110079006B CN110079006B CN201910364822.0A CN201910364822A CN110079006B CN 110079006 B CN110079006 B CN 110079006B CN 201910364822 A CN201910364822 A CN 201910364822A CN 110079006 B CN110079006 B CN 110079006B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0869—Acids or derivatives thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite breakdown-resistant power cable which comprises a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer. The composite breakdown-resistant power cable adopts double-layer conductor shielding materials, the raw materials of the conductor shielding are relatively easy to obtain, the volume resistivity can be reduced by adding the nano-scale lead metal compound, the lower the volume resistivity is, the better the shielding performance of the shielding material with good conductivity is, and the breakdown-resistant capability of the cable is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite breakdown-resistant power cable.
Background
The main reasons of the cable insulation breakdown include mechanical damage, insulation aging, insulation moisture, cable head failure, overvoltage and the like, and the cable insulation breakdown method specifically comprises the following aspects: (l) And (4) mechanical damage. In a cable insulation breakdown accident, the mechanical damage accounts for a large proportion, and the common reasons are as follows: l) directly damaged by external force, such as breaking a cable by dropping a heavy object from a high place, accidentally damaging the cable by digging earth, and the like. 2) When the cable is laid, the cable is bent too much, so that insulation is damaged, and when the cable is shipped, the cable is seriously extruded, so that the insulation and the protective layer are damaged. 3) The direct-buried cable bears excessive pressure due to stratum subsidence, so that the insulation is damaged, and even the cable is broken in severe cases. (2) And (5) insulating and aging. In the long-term operation process of the cable, poor heat dissipation causes the temperature of the cable to be too high, so that the electrical performance and the mechanical performance of the insulating material are deteriorated, and the insulation becomes brittle and breaks. (3) And (5) insulating and wetting. The main reasons for the insulation of the cable from moisture are: 1) due to poor construction of the cable head, moisture invades the inside of the cable. 2) Moisture ingress due to cable inner sheath breakage, such as direct mechanical damage to the inner sheath; the lead-clad cable is laid near a vibration source and generates fatigue cracks due to long-term vibration; the cable sheath is chemically corroded to generate holes. Due to poor manufacture, the lead ladle has small holes or cracks. (4) A cable head failure. The cable terminal and the intermediate joint are weak links of a cable line, and the cable terminal breaks down to cause insulation breakdown due to poor construction and poor quality of used materials. (5) Over-current) is long. Insulation breakdown is caused by atmospheric overvoltage or internal overvoltage, particularly internal overvoltage of the system often causes a plurality of cables to be broken down simultaneously.
The measures for preventing the insulation breakdown of the cable have the following aspects: (1) and operation and maintenance of the cable line are enhanced. Cable lines are required to be inspected regularly and hidden dangers are eliminated timely when being discovered; the cabling is not subject to long term overload operation and complies with operating regulations. (2) Preventing mechanical damage. Overhead cables, especially cables running along walls, should be covered. The in-plant soil-shifting project should handle the certificate of movement signed by the electric department; the inspection of the cable line outside the plant should be enhanced to prevent the operation of digging and taking earth near the cable line in time. (3) And the cable is prevented from being insulated and damped. The lead-coated cable is corroded to cause insulation damp and breakdown, so that the maintenance of the outer protective layer of the cable is enhanced, and a layer of asphalt is coated on the outer protective layer of the cable every 2-3 years. (4) The construction quality of the cable head is improved. Because the pressure resistance strength of the insulation of the cable head is greatly influenced by air bubbles and moisture, the insulation wrap is tight in the manufacturing and mounting processes of the cable head and the cable head, and no gap is formed. The epoxy resin and the quartz powder are strictly dried before use. The electric field near the cable termination is very unevenly distributed, and the electric field strength at the edge of the sheath is the greatest, where the insulation should be strengthened. (5) The carrying cable is careful, and when the cable is carried at the quality port by laying the cable, the cable is prevented from being extruded. When the cable is laid, the bending of the cable cannot be too large so as to avoid damaging the internal insulation. In the oil-impregnated paper-insulated cable, special attention must be paid to the installation that the difference in height between the two ends does not exceed a predetermined value.
Granted patent CN106960701B discloses a compound anti power cable that punctures, its characterized in that, including the conductor, the conductor outside first conductor shielding layer has, the first conductor shielding layer outside insulating layer has, the insulating layer outside second conductor shielding layer still has, second conductor shielding layer outside parcel have the protective layer, the conductor be the copper conductor, first conductor shielding layer and second conductor shielding layer be nanometer lead metal compound's shielding material. The power cable has strong breakdown resistance.
However, the nano-scale lead metal compound in the above patent has a problem of agglomeration after being fed back by market users, and the hot press forming effect is not good enough, so that the shielding effect of the cable is still insufficient, the breakdown resistance is still difficult to meet the requirements of special application environments, and the failure rate is still high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the following problems in the prior art: the nanometer lead metal compound has the problem of agglomeration, the hot-press forming effect is poor, the shielding effect of the cable is still insufficient, the breakdown resistance is still difficult to meet the requirement of a special application environment, and the failure rate is still high.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a composite breakdown-resistant power cable comprises a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer; the first conductor shielding layer and the second conductor shielding layer are both made of shielding materials of nano-scale lead metal compounds;
the preparation method of the shielding material of the nano-scale lead metal compound comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, 0.012 part of liquid paraffin is used for diluting a titanate coupling agent NDZ-102 according to the mass fraction of 1: 1;
step 2, soaking 0.6 part of carbon fiber in the solution, magnetically stirring the solution, and standing the solution;
step 3, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and then drying;
step 4, adding 0.09 part of liquid paraffin to 4.5 parts of lead powder according to the mass fraction of 1:1 by diluting titanate coupling agent TMC-TTS, and stirring and mixing;
step 5, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment and drying;
and 6, mixing the treated carbon fiber tube with lead powder, and carrying out thermokalite treatment: firstly, treating for 2 hours in hot air at 180 ℃, then adding a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 3 hours, and washing to be neutral after soaking to obtain a nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 7, adding a hyperdispersant into the nano-scale lead metal compound, and carrying out magnetic stirring to obtain the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound, wherein the usage amount of the hyperdispersant is 2 wt% of the nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 8, melting 250 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer on an open mill into a fluid state until the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is uniformly melted;
step 9, adding the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound into the uniformly melted ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer for mixing;
and step 10, carrying out microwave treatment, and then carrying out hot pressing on a flat vulcanizing machine at 200 ℃ and 30MPa to form a square flat plate to obtain the shielding material added with the nano-scale lead metal compound.
Preferably, the hyperdispersant is composed of sodium methylene dinaphthalenesulfonate and ethylenediamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
Preferably, the conductor is a copper conductor.
Preferably, the thickness of the first conductive shielding layer is twice the thickness of the second conductive shielding layer.
Preferably, the magnetic stirring time in the step 2 is 4-6 h.
Preferably, the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 3 is 2-4 hours, and the drying time is 10-14 hours.
Preferably, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time in the step 5 is 2-4 hours, and the drying time is 10-14 hours.
Preferably, the mixing time in the step 9 is 2-4 h.
Preferably, the square flat plate in step 10 has a thickness of 2.5mm and dimensions of 280mm × 280 mm.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) aiming at the technical problem that the shielding effect is poor due to the fact that a nanoscale lead metal compound is easy to agglomerate in the prior art, the invention introduces two dispersants for synergistic dispersion in the preparation process of the nanoscale lead metal compound to promote the nanoscale lead metal compound to be uniformly dispersed in an ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, so that the characteristic of nanoscale particle size is fully utilized, and the shielding effect and the breakdown resistance are improved;
(2) aiming at the technical problem of over-low forming pressure in the prior art, the invention discovers that the optimal forming pressure is 30MPa and is 10MPa higher than the prior art by optimizing the hot pressing pressure in the forming process. In addition, experiments show that the larger the pressure value is, the better the pressure value is, and when the pressure value reaches 35MPa, the excessive hot pressing causes the forming effect of the material to be poor, and the breakdown resistance begins to be reduced.
(3) The composite breakdown-resistant power cable adopts double-layer conductor shielding materials, the raw materials of the conductor shielding are relatively easy to obtain, the volume resistivity can be reduced by adding the nano-scale lead metal compound, the lower the volume resistivity is, the better the shielding performance of the shielding material with good conductivity is, and the breakdown-resistant capability of the cable is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
A composite breakdown-resistant power cable comprises a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer; the first conductor shielding layer and the second conductor shielding layer are both made of shielding materials of nano-scale lead metal compounds;
the preparation method of the shielding material of the nano-scale lead metal compound comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, 0.012 part of liquid paraffin is used for diluting a titanate coupling agent NDZ-102 according to the mass fraction of 1: 1;
step 2, soaking 0.6 part of carbon fiber in the solution, magnetically stirring the solution, and standing the solution;
step 3, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and then drying;
step 4, adding 0.09 part of liquid paraffin to 4.5 parts of lead powder according to the mass fraction of 1:1 by diluting titanate coupling agent TMC-TTS, and stirring and mixing;
step 5, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment and drying;
and 6, mixing the treated carbon fiber tube with lead powder, and carrying out thermokalite treatment: firstly, treating for 2 hours in hot air at 180 ℃, then adding a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 3 hours, and washing to be neutral after soaking to obtain a nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 7, adding a hyperdispersant into the nano-scale lead metal compound, and carrying out magnetic stirring to obtain the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound, wherein the usage amount of the hyperdispersant is 2 wt% of the nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 8, melting 250 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer on an open mill into a fluid state until the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is uniformly melted;
step 9, adding the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound into the uniformly melted ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer for mixing;
and step 10, carrying out microwave treatment, and then carrying out hot pressing on a flat vulcanizing machine at 200 ℃ and 30MPa to form a square flat plate to obtain the shielding material added with the nano-scale lead metal compound.
The hyperdispersant is composed of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate and ethylenediamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the conductor is a copper conductor, the thickness of the first conductor shielding layer is twice that of the second conductor shielding layer, the magnetic stirring time in the step 2 is 5 hours, the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 3 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time in the step 5 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the mixing time in the step 9 is 3 hours, the thickness of the square flat plate in the step 10 is 2.5mm, and the size is 280mm multiplied by 280 mm.
Comparative example 1
A composite breakdown-resistant power cable comprises a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer; the first conductor shielding layer and the second conductor shielding layer are both made of shielding materials of nano-scale lead metal compounds;
the preparation method of the shielding material of the nano-scale lead metal compound comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, 0.012 part of liquid paraffin is used for diluting a titanate coupling agent NDZ-102 according to the mass fraction of 1: 1;
step 2, soaking 0.6 part of carbon fiber in the solution, magnetically stirring the solution, and standing the solution;
step 3, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and then drying;
step 4, adding 0.09 part of liquid paraffin to 4.5 parts of lead powder according to the mass fraction of 1:1 by diluting titanate coupling agent TMC-TTS, and stirring and mixing;
step 5, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment and drying;
and 6, mixing the treated carbon fiber tube with lead powder, and carrying out thermokalite treatment: firstly, treating for 2 hours in hot air at 180 ℃, then adding a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 3 hours, and washing to be neutral after soaking to obtain a nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 7, adding a hyperdispersant into the nano-scale lead metal compound, and carrying out magnetic stirring to obtain the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound, wherein the usage amount of the hyperdispersant is 2 wt% of the nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 8, melting 250 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer on an open mill into a fluid state until the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is uniformly melted;
step 9, adding the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound into the uniformly melted ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer for mixing;
and step 10, carrying out microwave treatment, and then carrying out hot pressing on a flat vulcanizing machine at 200 ℃ and 30MPa to form a square flat plate to obtain the shielding material added with the nano-scale lead metal compound.
The hyperdispersant is only composed of sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate, the conductor is a copper conductor, the thickness of the first conductor shielding layer is twice that of the second conductor shielding layer, the magnetic stirring time in the step 2 is 5 hours, the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 3 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time in the step 5 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the mixing time in the step 9 is 3 hours, the thickness of the square flat plate in the step 10 is 2.5mm, and the size of the square flat plate is 280mm multiplied by 280 mm.
Comparative example 2
A composite breakdown-resistant power cable comprises a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer; the first conductor shielding layer and the second conductor shielding layer are both made of shielding materials of nano-scale lead metal compounds;
the preparation method of the shielding material of the nano-scale lead metal compound comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, 0.012 part of liquid paraffin is used for diluting a titanate coupling agent NDZ-102 according to the mass fraction of 1: 1;
step 2, soaking 0.6 part of carbon fiber in the solution, magnetically stirring the solution, and standing the solution;
step 3, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and then drying;
step 4, adding 0.09 part of liquid paraffin to 4.5 parts of lead powder according to the mass fraction of 1:1 by diluting titanate coupling agent TMC-TTS, and stirring and mixing;
step 5, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment and drying;
and 6, mixing the treated carbon fiber tube with lead powder, and carrying out thermokalite treatment: firstly, treating for 2 hours in hot air at 180 ℃, then adding a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 3 hours, and washing to be neutral after soaking to obtain a nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 7, adding a hyperdispersant into the nano-scale lead metal compound, and carrying out magnetic stirring to obtain the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound, wherein the usage amount of the hyperdispersant is 2 wt% of the nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 8, melting 250 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer on an open mill into a fluid state until the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is uniformly melted;
step 9, adding the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound into the uniformly melted ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer for mixing;
and step 10, carrying out microwave treatment, and then carrying out hot pressing on a flat vulcanizing machine at 200 ℃ and 30MPa to form a square flat plate to obtain the shielding material added with the nano-scale lead metal compound.
The ultra-dispersant is only composed of ethylenediamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, the conductor is a copper conductor, the thickness of the first conductor shielding layer is twice that of the second conductor shielding layer, the magnetic stirring time in the step 2 is 5 hours, the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 3 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time in the step 5 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the mixing time in the step 9 is 3 hours, the thickness of the square flat plate in the step 10 is 2.5mm, and the size of the square flat plate is 280mm multiplied by 280 mm.
Comparative example 3
A composite breakdown-resistant power cable comprises a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer; the first conductor shielding layer and the second conductor shielding layer are both made of shielding materials of nano-scale lead metal compounds;
the preparation method of the shielding material of the nano-scale lead metal compound comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, 0.012 part of liquid paraffin is used for diluting a titanate coupling agent NDZ-102 according to the mass fraction of 1: 1;
step 2, soaking 0.6 part of carbon fiber in the solution, magnetically stirring the solution, and standing the solution;
step 3, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and then drying;
step 4, adding 0.09 part of liquid paraffin to 4.5 parts of lead powder according to the mass fraction of 1:1 by diluting titanate coupling agent TMC-TTS, and stirring and mixing;
step 5, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment and drying;
and 6, mixing the treated carbon fiber tube with lead powder, and carrying out thermokalite treatment: firstly, treating for 2 hours in hot air at 180 ℃, then adding a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 3 hours, and washing to be neutral after soaking to obtain a nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 7, adding a hyperdispersant into the nano-scale lead metal compound, and carrying out magnetic stirring to obtain the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound, wherein the usage amount of the hyperdispersant is 2 wt% of the nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 8, melting 250 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer on an open mill into a fluid state until the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is uniformly melted;
step 9, adding the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound into the uniformly melted ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer for mixing;
and step 10, carrying out microwave treatment, and then carrying out hot pressing on a flat vulcanizing machine at 200 ℃ and 20MPa to form a square flat plate to obtain the shielding material added with the nano-scale lead metal compound.
The hyperdispersant is composed of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate and ethylenediamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the conductor is a copper conductor, the thickness of the first conductor shielding layer is twice that of the second conductor shielding layer, the magnetic stirring time in the step 2 is 5 hours, the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 3 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time in the step 5 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the mixing time in the step 9 is 3 hours, the thickness of the square flat plate in the step 10 is 2.5mm, and the size is 280mm multiplied by 280 mm.
Comparative example 4
A composite breakdown-resistant power cable comprises a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer; the first conductor shielding layer and the second conductor shielding layer are both made of shielding materials of nano-scale lead metal compounds;
the preparation method of the shielding material of the nano-scale lead metal compound comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, 0.012 part of liquid paraffin is used for diluting a titanate coupling agent NDZ-102 according to the mass fraction of 1: 1;
step 2, soaking 0.6 part of carbon fiber in the solution, magnetically stirring the solution, and standing the solution;
step 3, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and then drying;
step 4, adding 0.09 part of liquid paraffin to 4.5 parts of lead powder according to the mass fraction of 1:1 by diluting titanate coupling agent TMC-TTS, and stirring and mixing;
step 5, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment and drying;
and 6, mixing the treated carbon fiber tube with lead powder, and carrying out thermokalite treatment: firstly, treating for 2 hours in hot air at 180 ℃, then adding a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 3 hours, and washing to be neutral after soaking to obtain a nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 7, adding a hyperdispersant into the nano-scale lead metal compound, and carrying out magnetic stirring to obtain the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound, wherein the usage amount of the hyperdispersant is 2 wt% of the nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 8, melting 250 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer on an open mill into a fluid state until the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is uniformly melted;
step 9, adding the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound into the uniformly melted ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer for mixing;
and step 10, carrying out microwave treatment, and then carrying out hot pressing on a flat vulcanizing machine at 200 ℃ and 25MPa to form a square flat plate to obtain the shielding material added with the nano-scale lead metal compound.
The hyperdispersant is composed of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate and ethylenediamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the conductor is a copper conductor, the thickness of the first conductor shielding layer is twice that of the second conductor shielding layer, the magnetic stirring time in the step 2 is 5 hours, the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 3 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time in the step 5 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the mixing time in the step 9 is 3 hours, the thickness of the square flat plate in the step 10 is 2.5mm, and the size is 280mm multiplied by 280 mm.
Comparative example 5
A composite breakdown-resistant power cable comprises a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer; the first conductor shielding layer and the second conductor shielding layer are both made of shielding materials of nano-scale lead metal compounds;
the preparation method of the shielding material of the nano-scale lead metal compound comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, 0.012 part of liquid paraffin is used for diluting a titanate coupling agent NDZ-102 according to the mass fraction of 1: 1;
step 2, soaking 0.6 part of carbon fiber in the solution, magnetically stirring the solution, and standing the solution;
step 3, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and then drying;
step 4, adding 0.09 part of liquid paraffin to 4.5 parts of lead powder according to the mass fraction of 1:1 by diluting titanate coupling agent TMC-TTS, and stirring and mixing;
step 5, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment and drying;
and 6, mixing the treated carbon fiber tube with lead powder, and carrying out thermokalite treatment: firstly, treating for 2 hours in hot air at 180 ℃, then adding a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 3 hours, and washing to be neutral after soaking to obtain a nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 7, adding a hyperdispersant into the nano-scale lead metal compound, and carrying out magnetic stirring to obtain the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound, wherein the usage amount of the hyperdispersant is 2 wt% of the nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 8, melting 250 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer on an open mill into a fluid state until the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is uniformly melted;
step 9, adding the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound into the uniformly melted ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer for mixing;
and step 10, carrying out microwave treatment, and then carrying out hot pressing on a flat vulcanizing machine at 200 ℃ and 35MPa to form a square flat plate to obtain the shielding material added with the nano-scale lead metal compound.
The hyperdispersant is composed of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate and ethylenediamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the conductor is a copper conductor, the thickness of the first conductor shielding layer is twice that of the second conductor shielding layer, the magnetic stirring time in the step 2 is 5 hours, the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 3 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time in the step 5 is 3 hours, the drying time is 12 hours, the mixing time in the step 9 is 3 hours, the thickness of the square flat plate in the step 10 is 2.5mm, and the size is 280mm multiplied by 280 mm.
The following table details the dispersant composition and the hot press forming pressure of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 5.
In order to verify the breakdown-resistant effect of the embodiment 1 and the comparative examples 1 to 5, the samples of the embodiment 1 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 are subjected to power frequency progressive breakdown test detection, the power cables are subjected to 30d load cycle and then subjected to power frequency progressive breakdown test, and the power frequency progressive breakdown test result Eb/(kv·mm-1) The following were used:
the results show that (1) aiming at the technical problem of poor shielding effect caused by easy agglomeration of the nanoscale lead metal compound in the prior art, the invention introduces two dispersants for synergistic dispersion in the preparation process of the nanoscale lead metal compound to promote the nanoscale lead metal compound to realize uniform dispersion in the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, thereby fully utilizing the characteristic of nanoscale particle size and improving the shielding effect and the breakdown resistance; (2) aiming at the technical problem of over-low forming pressure in the prior art, the invention discovers that the optimal forming pressure is 30MPa and is 10MPa higher than the prior art by optimizing the hot pressing pressure in the forming process. In addition, experiments show that the larger the pressure value is, the better the pressure value is, and when the pressure value reaches 35MPa, the excessive hot pressing causes the forming effect of the material to be poor, and the breakdown resistance begins to be reduced.
Claims (8)
1. The composite breakdown-resistant power cable is characterized by comprising a conductor, wherein a first conductor shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the conductor, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the first conductor shielding layer, a second conductor shielding layer is further arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, and a protective layer is wrapped on the outer side of the second conductor shielding layer;
the first conductor shielding layer and the second conductor shielding layer are both made of shielding materials of nano-scale lead metal compounds;
the preparation method of the shielding material of the nano-scale lead metal compound comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, 0.012 part of liquid paraffin is used for diluting a titanate coupling agent NDZ-102 according to the mass fraction of 1: 1;
step 2, soaking 0.6 part of carbon fiber in the solution, magnetically stirring the solution, and standing the solution;
step 3, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and then drying;
step 4, adding 0.09 part of liquid paraffin to 4.5 parts of lead powder according to the mass fraction of 1:1 by diluting titanate coupling agent TMC-TTS, and stirring and mixing;
step 5, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment and drying;
and 6, mixing the treated carbon fiber tube with lead powder, and carrying out thermokalite treatment: firstly, treating for 2 hours in hot air at 180 ℃, then adding a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for soaking for 3 hours, and washing to be neutral after soaking to obtain a nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 7, adding a hyperdispersant into the nano-scale lead metal compound, and carrying out magnetic stirring to obtain the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound, wherein the usage amount of the hyperdispersant is 2 wt% of the nano-scale lead metal compound;
step 8, melting 250 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer on an open mill into a fluid state until the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is uniformly melted;
step 9, adding the dispersed nano-scale lead metal compound into the uniformly melted ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer for mixing;
step 10, carrying out microwave treatment, and then carrying out hot pressing on a flat vulcanizing machine at 200 ℃ and 30MPa to form a square flat plate to obtain a shielding material added with the nano-scale lead metal compound;
the hyperdispersant is composed of sodium methylene dinaphthalenesulfonate and ethylenediamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
2. The composite breakdown-resistant power cable of claim 1 wherein the conductor is a copper conductor.
3. The composite breakdown-resistant electrical cable of claim 1 wherein the first conductive shielding layer is twice as thick as the second conductive shielding layer.
4. The composite breakdown-resistant power cable according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic stirring time in the step 2 is 4-6 hours.
5. The composite breakdown-resistant power cable according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 3 is 2-4 hours, and the drying time is 10-14 hours.
6. The composite breakdown-resistant power cable according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time in the step 5 is 2-4 hours, and the drying time is 10-14 hours.
7. The composite breakdown-resistant power cable according to claim 1, wherein the mixing time in the step 9 is 2-4 hours.
8. The composite electrical breakdown-resistant cable of claim 1 wherein the square flat sheet in step 10 has a thickness of 2.5mm and dimensions of 280mm x 280 mm.
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