CN110078726B - 一种全取代2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物的合成方法 - Google Patents
一种全取代2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110078726B CN110078726B CN201910530356.9A CN201910530356A CN110078726B CN 110078726 B CN110078726 B CN 110078726B CN 201910530356 A CN201910530356 A CN 201910530356A CN 110078726 B CN110078726 B CN 110078726B
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- ZFFYPGZDXUPKNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine Chemical class C1=CN=C2NCCC2=C1 ZFFYPGZDXUPKNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 title description 17
- -1 aryl propionate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- BNHGNFYPZNDLAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyanoaminopropene Chemical compound N#CCC(N)=C(C#N)C#N BNHGNFYPZNDLAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005809 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003762 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005935 nucleophilic addition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006462 rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- JKWQHCSGMTWRIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=C2NCCC2=N1 JKWQHCSGMTWRIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 14
- VQIKBWOHBUZHBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-bromo-2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]-3-phenylpropanoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(Br)C(C(=O)OCC)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 VQIKBWOHBUZHBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- UHNIBJQIFHKMOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(C(C(C(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)=C2N)C2=CC=CC=C2)N1S(C1=CC=C(C)C=C1)(=O)=O)=O Chemical compound CCOC(C(C(C(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)=C2N)C2=CC=CC=C2)N1S(C1=CC=C(C)C=C1)(=O)=O)=O UHNIBJQIFHKMOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HKPHHIRLRDMCJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC1=C(CCN2)C2=NC(N)=C1C#N Chemical class NC1=C(CCN2)C2=NC(N)=C1C#N HKPHHIRLRDMCJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 150000005255 pyrrolopyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRYJJKRFTRPZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(C(C(C(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)=C2N)C2=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C2)N1S(C1=CC=C(C)C=C1)(=O)=O)=O Chemical compound CCOC(C(C(C(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)=C2N)C2=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C2)N1S(C1=CC=C(C)C=C1)(=O)=O)=O WRYJJKRFTRPZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBQLETQEFKPHRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(C(C(C(C=C1)=CC(OC)=C1OC)N(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)S(C3=CC=C(C)C=C3)(=O)=O)C1=C2N)=O Chemical compound CCOC(C(C(C(C=C1)=CC(OC)=C1OC)N(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)S(C3=CC=C(C)C=C3)(=O)=O)C1=C2N)=O XBQLETQEFKPHRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZANZQMXVBBSLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(C(C(C(C=C1)=CC=C1OC)N(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)S(C3=CC=C(C)C=C3)(=O)=O)C1=C2N)=O Chemical compound CCOC(C(C(C(C=C1)=CC=C1OC)N(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)S(C3=CC=C(C)C=C3)(=O)=O)C1=C2N)=O ZANZQMXVBBSLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWBLNMNYQRDUNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(C(C(C(C=C1OC)=CC(OC)=C1OC)N(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)S(C3=CC=C(C)C=C3)(=O)=O)C1=C2N)=O Chemical compound CCOC(C(C(C(C=C1OC)=CC(OC)=C1OC)N(C1=NC(N)=C2C#N)S(C3=CC=C(C)C=C3)(=O)=O)C1=C2N)=O TWBLNMNYQRDUNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940124524 integrase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002850 integrase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004585 polycyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZRNODLBNNUXAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrol-2-amine Chemical compound NC1CC=CN1 ZRNODLBNNUXAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XARVANDLQOZMMJ-CHHVJCJISA-N 2-[(z)-[1-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-oxo-2-(2-oxoethylamino)ethylidene]amino]oxy-2-methylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)(C)O\N=C(/C(=O)NCC=O)C1=CSC(N)=N1 XARVANDLQOZMMJ-CHHVJCJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical class [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108700020129 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 p31 integrase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041181 antineoplastic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002153 concerted effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDSGHYHRLSWSLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;propan-2-one Chemical compound ClCCl.CC(C)=O FDSGHYHRLSWSLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLQQWVOEKOZQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromo-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]propanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C(C1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC)NS(=O)(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)C)Br JLQQWVOEKOZQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMJWFZBMNLWXBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromo-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]propanoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC)C=CC=1C(C(Br)C(=O)OCC)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 MMJWFZBMNLWXBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLEHOIPXTPCFTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromo-3-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=1C(C(Br)C(=O)OCC)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 MLEHOIPXTPCFTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- CUONGYYJJVDODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N malononitrile Chemical compound N#CCC#N CUONGYYJJVDODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene chloride Substances ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012434 nucleophilic reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005556 structure-activity relationship Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029812 viral genome replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种全取代2,3‑二氢‑1H‑吡咯并[2,3‑b]吡啶衍生物的合成方法,该方法在极性较大的有机介质中,将邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯与丙二腈二聚体在碱的促进下依次发生分子间的亲核取代反应和分子内的2次亲核加成(关环)反应及2次重排反应,最终一步得到目标化合物。本发明实现了一锅法中依次发生5个反应,极大的提高了反应效率;同时采用价格低廉的普通碱作催化剂,有效降低了成本,且不论是α‑氨基‑β‑卤或α‑卤‑β‑氨基的芳基丙酸酯都能顺利的与丙二腈二聚体合成目标化合物,具有高度的区域选择性,特别是在构建2,3‑二氢吡咯并吡啶衍生物中,取代基的选择有较大的灵活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于全取代2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物的合成技术领域,具体涉及一种具有邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯与丙二腈二聚体一步反应合成5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物的方法。
背景技术
吡咯并吡啶类化合物是一种重要的含氮稠杂环化合物,其特殊的结构特征均显示出潜在的生物活性。一方面在医药领域占据重要作用,如HIV-1整合酶抑制剂,它具有选择性高、毒性低,能够很好阻断病毒复制等特点(J.Int.Pharm.Res.,2016,43(5),940-946)。另一方面,在有机合成领域可作为一种金属-有机协同催化的催化剂,已成功应用于烯烃与醛的直接C(sp2)-H官能化氢酰化反应(J.Am.Chem.Soc.2015,137,6279-6291)。除此以外,它还可以作为重要的中间体而成为药物合成中的重要原料。随着研究的深入,通过对其构效关系的探索,发现灵活构建多取代基的吡咯并吡啶衍生物是一项十分重要的研究领域。到目前为止,虽然已有关于吡咯并吡啶衍生物的合成方法,但关于灵活构建全取代的吡咯并吡啶衍生物的合成方法未见报道。较早的文献报道了由对甲苯磺酰基保护的氮丙啶与丙二腈合成四取代的吡咯并吡啶类化合物A(CHem.Ber.,1985,118(11),4473-4485),但收率只有27%,见反应方程式(1);最新的研究表明,用N-丙炔-β-烯胺酮与亚胺在强碱作用下,在DMF溶剂中,氮气保护下,100℃反应可一锅法得到相应的四取代吡咯并吡啶衍生物B(Chem.Commun.,2017,53,7497-7500),但最高收率只有67%,见反应方程式(2)。以上方法代表了多取代2,3-二氢吡咯并吡啶的研究进展,但存在一定的缺点,如有的反应条件苛刻,需要高温、强碱,收率不高;有的反应原料合成复杂,反应条件苛刻,收率较低。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有多取代2,3-二氢吡咯并吡啶衍生物合成中存在的缺点,提供一种在温和条件下,在极性较大的有机介质中,在普通弱碱的促进下,由容易得到的具有邻位氨基卤结构的芳基丙酸酯与丙二腈二聚体一步(自发发生5个反应)高收率地合成全取代2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物的方法。
解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是:在极性较大的有机溶剂中,将式I或式II所示的邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯、丙二腈二聚体、碱混合均匀,在20~80℃下搅拌反应1~24小时,分离纯化产物,得到式I'或式II'所示的全取代2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物,其具体为5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物;反应方程式如下所示:
式中,R1代表苯基、C1~C4烷基取代苯基、C1~C2烷氧基取代苯基、卤代苯基、萘中的任意一种,具体如苯基、4-甲基苯基、3,4-二甲基苯基、4-叔丁基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、3,4-二甲氧基苯基、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、4-氟苯基、2-萘基等;R2代表C1~C4烷基、苄基等;Ts代表对甲基苯磺酰基。
上述合成方法中,所述的邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯与丙二腈二聚体、碱的摩尔比为0.75~1.5:1:1~2。
上述的碱为甲醇钠、NaOH、KOH、Na2CO3、K2CO3、乙酸钠、K3PO4、乙二胺、三乙胺中的任意一种,优选K3PO4。
上述极性较大的有机溶剂为CH3OH、C2H5OH、DMF、DMSO、CH3CN、THF、CH2Cl2、丙酮、甲苯中的任意一种,优选CH3OH。
上述合成方法中,优选在40~60℃下搅拌1~24小时。
本发明合成方法中,丙二腈二聚体在碱的作用下,形成一个碳负离子,该碳负离子作为亲核试剂与邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯中的卤素发生分子间的亲核取代反应,形成邻位二氨基中间体。接下来自发的发生分子内的氨基对氰基的亲核加成反应,形成一个五元含氮杂环亚胺中间体,该中间体自发发生重排反应,形成2-氨基-2,3-二氢-1H吡咯结构单元。新生成的2-位氨基自发的再与分子内的另一个氰基发生亲核加成反应,形成一个六元含氮杂环亚胺结构,该亚胺自发重排,最后形成5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物。该方法在温和条件下依次可自发的发生1次分子间的亲核取代、分子内的2次亲核加成和2次重排反应,解决了多步反应多次分离造成的总收率降低的问题。
本发明合成方法中,不论邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯中芳环上带有何种取代基及取代基在芳环的何种位置,不论反应物为α-氨基-β-卤型还是α-卤-β-氨基型,其合成的目标产物均具有高度的区域选择性,且结构中的NH2和CN是典型的电子给体和受体,可进一步发生亲核加成反应从而成环,可用于杂多环化学、天然抗生素、抗癌药物的合成及天然产物结构改造研究领域。
本发明的有益效果如下:
1、本发明提供了一种在多种溶剂中均能合成全取代5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物的方法,如CH3OH、C2H5OH、DMF、CH3CN、THF、CH2Cl2、丙酮、甲苯等,其中首选的溶剂是CH3OH。
2、本发明使用了普通的碱如NaOH、KOH、Na2CO3、K2CO3、乙酸钠、K3PO4、NaOCH3、乙二胺、三乙胺作为促进剂,其中首选K3PO4。该促进剂廉价易得,有效降低了合成成本,且绿色环保。
3、本发明的合成步骤简单。在碱的促进下,邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯中卤素与丙二腈二聚体的亲核取代反应、分子内氨基对氰基的2次亲核加成反应及2次重排反应均在一锅法中依次完成,高效地合成了全取代的5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物,最高收率可达到94%。
4、本发明的方法具有高度的区域选择性,不论邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯中芳环上带有给电子基还是吸电子基,或者是稠环化合物,不论是α-氨基-β-卤型还是α-卤-β-氨基型,其产物中的-NH2和-CN始终处于邻位(即4,6-位为-NH2,5-位为-CN),同时2,3-位始终为芳基和烃氧甲酰基,具有高度的区域选择性。
5、本发明合成的5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物中具有多个化学活性官能团,如氨基、氰基、不同的芳基取代基及烃氧甲酰基,这些取代基在很多药物分子中都是有效的活性官能团;特别是氨基和氰基均处在了吡啶环的4,5,6-位,这种特殊位置的氨基和氰基可组成两组1,4-偶极的特殊结构,进而可发生4+2关环反应。这样一个有效的合成子的发明,可为合成其它复杂的稠环或杂多环化合物提供新的路线。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围不限于这些实施例。
实施例1
以合成结构式如下的3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
向10mL封管中依次加入0.3188g(0.75mmol)3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯、0.0660g(0.5mmol)丙二腈二聚体、0.1060g(0.5mmol)K3PO4、5mL甲醇,在50℃下搅拌反应2小时,然后加入25mL乙酸乙酯,用饱和食盐水洗涤三次(每次25mL),再用水洗涤三次(每次25mL),有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤除去干燥剂,减压浓缩,粗产物经硅胶柱色谱分离(以石油醚和乙酸乙酯体积比为3:1的混合液为洗脱剂)、无水乙醇重结晶,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率92%,熔点为257-258℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.23(s,3H),6.97(s,2H),6.57(s,2H),5.81(s,2H),5.28(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.80(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.62-3.54(m,1H),3.50-3.42(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),0.80(t,J=6.4Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.3,162.4,157.8,153.6,144.6,136.9,135.7,129.7,129.5,128.2,128.0,117.2,94.43,69.41,66.59,60.87,44.28,21.55,13.87.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C24H23N5O4S[M+H]+478.1546,实测值478.1534.
实施例2
以合成结构式如下的3-(4-溴苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至3小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-(4-溴苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率90%,熔点为260-261℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.02(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.45(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.92(s,2H),6.57(s,2H),5.93(s,2H),5.28(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.79(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.69-3.61(m,1H),3.58-3.50(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),0.85(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.8,162.0,157.4,153.1,144.2,136.0,135.1,130.6,129.2,129.0,120.7,120.1,116.6,93.56,68.98,65.87,60.55,43.20,21.08,13.39.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C24H22BrN5O4S[M+Na]+578.0468,实测值578.0462.
实施例3
以合成结构式如下的2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-3-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-3-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-2-溴丙酸乙酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至24小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-3-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率69%,熔点为273-274℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.02(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.90-6.80(m,4H),6.53(s,2H),5.75(s,2H),5.22(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.75(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.69(s,3H),3.65-3.59(m,1H),3.54-3.46(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),0.84(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.9,161.9,158.8,157.2,153.0,144.2,135.3,129.1,129.0,128.1,116.7,113.2,94.24,68.99,66.16,60.45,55.07,43.14,21.09,13.47.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C25H25N5O5S[M+H]+508.1649,实测值508.1642。
实施例4
以合成结构式如下的2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-3-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-2-溴丙酸乙酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至5小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-3-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率82%,熔点为259-260℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.82(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.55(s,4H),5.71(s,2H),5.24(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.74(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.70-3.67(m,7H),3.56-3.50(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),0.83(t,J=6.9Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.9,161.8,157.1,153.0,148.3,147.9,144.1,135.3,129.1,129.0,128.4,116.7,111.3,94.10,68.92,66.05,60.38,55.45,43.64,21.04,13.42.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C26H27N5O6S[M+Na]+560.1574,实测值560.1566.
实施例5
以合成结构式如下的2-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-3-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-3-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-2-溴丙酸乙酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至12小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体2-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-3-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率79%,熔点为243-245℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.04(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.36(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.57-6.28(m,4H),5.71(s,2H),5.28(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.76(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.75-3.56(m,11H),2.38(s,3H),0.81(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.0,161.9,157.2,153.1,152.3,144.1,137.2,135.4,131.7,129.1,129.0,116.7,93.71,68.95,65.97,60.48,59.89,55.85,44.44,21.04,13.38.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C27H29N5O7S[M+Na]+590.1679,实测值590.1668.
实施例6
以合成结构式如下的3-(4-甲基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-(4-甲基苯基)-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至6小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-(4-甲基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率83%,熔点为256-257℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.05(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),6.87(s,2H),6.54(s,2H),5.75(s,2H),5.24(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.76(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.65-3.57(m,1H),3.50-3.44(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),2.24(s,3H),0.82(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.8,161.8,157.3,153.0,144.1,136.7,135.2,133.3,129.1,129.0,128.2,116.6,94.12,68.95,66.11,60.36,43.45,21.05,20.62,13.36.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C25H25N5O4S[M+H]+492.1700,实测值492.1695。
实施例7
以合成结构式如下的3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至5小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率84%,熔点为159-160℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.02(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),6.99(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),6.81-6.55(m,4H),5.70(s,2H),5.22(d,J=10Hz,1H),4.72(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.66-3.57(m,1H),3.52-3.44(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),2.15(s,6H),0.81(t,J=6.6Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.8,161.8,157.3,153.0,144.1,135.4,135.2,133.6,129.1,129.0,128.8,116.6,94.03,68.92,66.11,60.32,43.48,21.04,19.36,18.96,13.27.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C26H27N5O4S[M+Na]+528.1675,实测值528.1676。
实施例8
以合成结构式如下的3-(4-叔丁基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-(4-叔丁基苯基)-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至5小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-(4-叔丁基苯基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率83%,熔点为154-155℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.26(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.91(s,2H),6.55(s,2H),5.79(s,2H),5.25(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.78(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.58-3.50(m,1H),3.48-3.40(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),1.23(s,9H),0.71(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.9,161.8,157.3,153.0,150.0,144.1,135.3,133.3,129.1,129.0,124.4,116.7,93.91,68.90,66.17,60.37,43.41,34.13,31.02,21.05,13.24.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C28H31N5O4S[M+Na]+556.1988,实测值556.1987。
实施例9
以合成结构式如下的3-(2-萘基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-(2-萘基)-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至5小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-(2-萘基)-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率81%,熔点为219-221℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.05(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.84-7.77(m,4H),7.47(s,2H),7.38-7.27(m,3H),6.60(s,2H),5.83(s,2H),5.36(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.99(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.48-3.42(m,1H),3.37(s,1H),2.39(s,3H),0.60(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.8,162.0,157.4,153.2,144.2,135.2,134.0,132.5,132.4,129.2,129.0,127.7,127.4,127.1,126.1,126.0,116.7,93.85,69.04,66.15,60.32,44.01,21.08,13.19.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C28H25N5O4S[M+Na]+550.1519,实测值550.1526。
实施例10
以合成结构式如下的3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-叔丁氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸叔丁酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至6小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-叔丁氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率86%,熔点为208-209℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.04(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.24(s,3H),7.03(s,2H),6.53(s,2H),5.73(s,2H),5.11(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.75(d,J=11Hz,1H),2.39(s,3H),0.99(s,9H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.6,161.9,157.3,152.9,144.1,136.7,135.4,129.2,129.0,127.8,127.5,116.7,94.63,80.78,68.95,66.49,43.72,26.99,21.09.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C26H27N5O4S[M+Na]+528.1675,实测值528.1665。
实施例11
以合成结构式如下的3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-丁氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸正丁酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至7小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-丁氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率90%,熔点为121-122℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.23(s,3H),6.97(s,2H),6.56(s,2H),5.81(s,2H),5.27(d,J=11Hz,1H),4.79(d,J=11Hz,1H),3.53-3.47(m,1H),3.40-3.36(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),1.21-1.12(m,4H),0.79(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.9,161.9,157.3,153.1,144.1,136.5,135.2,129.1,129.0,127.7,127.5,116.7,93.95,68.92,66.23,64.08,43.80,29.60,21.07,18.42,13.48.
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C26H27N5O4S[M+Na]+528.1675,实测值528.1664。
实施例12
以合成结构式如下的3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-苄氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶为例,具体合成方法如下:
本实施例中,用等摩尔的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸苄醇酯替换实施例1中所用的3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯,反应时间延长至5小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-苄氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率70%,熔点为129-130℃,结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.00(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.29-7.24(m,10H),7.04(s,2H),5.39(d,J=11Hz,1H),5.07(s,2H),4.76-4.69(m,2H),4.28(d,J=12Hz,1H),4.15(s,2H),2.40(s,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ167.9,161.4,158.2,152.0,144.5,135.9,134.6,134.6,129.1,128.9,128.8,128.4,128.4,128.3,116.1,95.10,71.16,67.22,66.33,45.40,21.65.]
高分辨率质谱HRMS:计算值C29H25N5O4S[M+Na]+562.1519,实测值562.1530.
实施例13
本实施例中,3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯的用量为0.5mmol,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率82%。其物理常数、波谱数据和高分辨率质谱数据与实施例1相同。
实施例14
本实施例中,3-苯基-2-(4-甲基苯磺酰氨基)-3-溴丙酸乙酯的用量为0.60mmol,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率88%。其物理常数、波谱数据和高分辨率质谱数据与实施例1相同。
实施例15
本实施例中,丙二腈二聚体的用量为1.0mmol,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率90%。其物理常数、波谱数据和高分辨率质谱数据与实施例1相同。
实施例16
本实施例中,用等体积乙醇替换实施例1中的甲醇,反应时间延长至14小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率80%。其物理常数、波谱数据和高分辨率质谱数据与实施例1相同。
实施例17
本实施例中,用等体积DMF替换实施例1中的甲醇,反应时间延长至16小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率83%。其物理常数、波谱数据和高分辨率质谱数据与实施例1相同。
实施例18
本实施例中,用等摩尔碳酸钾替换实施例1中的磷酸钾,反应时间延长至14小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率83%。其物理常数、波谱数据和高分辨率质谱数据与实施例1相同。
实施例19
本实施例中,在40℃下反应12小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率80%。其物理常数、波谱数据和高分辨率质谱数据与实施例1相同。
实施例20
本实施例中,在70℃下反应1小时,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到白色固体3-苯基-5-氰基-4,6-二氨基-2-乙氧甲酰基-1-对甲苯磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶,收率88%。其物理常数、波谱数据和高分辨率质谱数据与实施例1相同。
Claims (2)
1.一种全取代2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于:在极性较大的有机介质中,将式I或式II所示的邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯、丙二腈二聚体、碱混合均匀,在40~60℃下搅拌反应1~24小时,分离纯化产物,得到式I'或式II'所示的全取代2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物;
式中,所述的R1代表4-甲基苯基、3,4-二甲基苯基、4-叔丁基苯基、3,4-二甲氧基苯基、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、4-氟苯基、2-萘基中任意一种,R2代表乙基、丙基、正丁基、叔丁基中任意一种;Ts代表对甲基苯磺酰基;
所述的碱为K3PO4;
极性较大的有机溶剂为CH3OH。
2.根据权利要求1所述的全取代2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的邻位氨基卤的芳基丙酸酯与丙二腈二聚体、碱的摩尔比为0.75~1.5:1:1~2。
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