CN110077439B - Track circuit receiver and frequency shift track circuit receiver - Google Patents
Track circuit receiver and frequency shift track circuit receiver Download PDFInfo
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- CN110077439B CN110077439B CN201910262621.XA CN201910262621A CN110077439B CN 110077439 B CN110077439 B CN 110077439B CN 201910262621 A CN201910262621 A CN 201910262621A CN 110077439 B CN110077439 B CN 110077439B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
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Abstract
The application discloses a track circuit receiver and a frequency shift track circuit receiver, wherein the track circuit receiver comprises a signal processing unit, an isolation transformer, two acquisition channels and two detection channels, wherein the two acquisition channels form a two-out-of-two structure; each acquisition channel respectively acquires a differential signal and a common mode signal of two terminals of a secondary coil and outputs the signals to the signal processing unit; the signal processing unit sends detection signals to a center tap of the secondary coil of the transformer through each detection channel, compares the differential signals with preset frequency and/or preset amplitude values to detect the state of the signals to be detected, and compares the common-mode signals with the detection signals to detect whether the two acquisition channels and the isolation transformer work normally or not. This application can carry out the integrality inspection to the track circuit receiver through setting up the center tap and detecting channel, improves the security.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to, but is not limited to, the technical field of train operation control, and in particular, to a track circuit receiver and a frequency shift track circuit receiver.
Background
At present, ZPW-2000 frequency shift track circuit equipment is important equipment of train control systems of China railway ordinary speed lines and high-speed rails, and is a circuit system for realizing section vacancy and occupation inspection by using steel rails of the railway as conductors to transmit information. The receiver is a core safety component of the ZPW-2000 frequency shift track circuit, and is used for acquiring and demodulating steel rail signals to judge whether a section is free or occupied, wherein the acquired steel rail signals comprise main track signals and small track signals.
The receiver is a Safety component, which needs to meet the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Level of 4, and adopts 2-out-of-2 double-set electronic structure to ensure the Safety, and the acquisition circuit needs to be independent, and the following two schemes are currently implemented:
the first scheme is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the small track signal and the main track signal are respectively filtered, signal conditioned and Analog-to-Digital (a/D) converted, and then sent to two independent Central Processing Units (CPUs) for Processing and 2-out-of-2 comparison Processing.
The scheme is that signals after an A/D conversion circuit are distributed to two CPUs for independent processing and operation, for small track signals and main track signals, faults or errors generated when any signal passes through an isolation transformer, filtering, signal conditioning and A/D conversion belong to common causes relative to a 2-out-of-2 comparison mechanism, and cannot be identified only by the reliability of a device.
Scheme II:
as shown in fig. 2, the small track signal and the main track signal are divided into two parts by an isolation transformer, and are subjected to independent filtering, signal conditioning and a/D conversion, and then are distributed to two independent CPUs for 2-out-of-2 comparison processing.
And the second scheme is that the main track signal and the small track signal are divided into two groups from the isolation transformer, and are subjected to independent processing and operation by two CPUs after independent filtering and signal conditioning and A/D conversion circuits respectively, so that the detection of faults or errors generated when the signals are subjected to filtering and signal conditioning and A/D conversion in the first scheme is avoided, but the fault detection of the isolation transformer is still unsolved.
Therefore, the current ZPW-2000 frequency shift track circuit receiver has the problem of incomplete detection of a steel rail signal acquisition channel in design and can only be identified by depending on the reliability of the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a track circuit receiver and frequency shift track circuit receiver can carry out the integrality inspection to track circuit receiver, improves the security.
The application provides a track circuit receiver, including signal processing unit, isolation transformer, two collection passageways, two detection channel, two collection passageways constitute two and get two structures, wherein:
the isolation transformer comprises a primary coil for receiving a signal to be measured and two secondary coils which are respectively provided with a center tap;
each acquisition channel is respectively used for acquiring the differential signal and the common-mode signal of the two terminals of one secondary coil and outputting the signals to the signal processing unit; the signal processing unit sends detection signals to a center tap of a secondary coil of the transformer through each detection channel;
and the signal processing unit is used for comparing the differential signal with a preset frequency and/or a preset amplitude value so as to detect the state of a signal to be detected, and comparing the common-mode signal with the detection signal so as to detect whether the two acquisition channels and the isolation transformer work normally or not.
In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage transformation ratio of the one primary coil and the two secondary coils is 1:1: 1.
In an exemplary embodiment, the comparing, by the signal processing unit, the differential signal with a preset frequency and/or a preset amplitude to detect a state of a signal to be detected includes:
if the frequency of the differential signal is the same as the preset frequency and the amplitude of the differential signal is higher than the preset amplitude, inputting a signal to be tested on the primary coil side; and if the amplitude of the differential signal is lower than the preset amplitude, no signal to be detected is input at the primary coil side.
In an exemplary embodiment, the comparing the common-mode signal with the detection signal by the signal processing unit to detect whether the two acquisition channels and the isolation transformer work normally includes:
and if the frequency of the common-mode signal of the two terminals of the secondary coil is the same as that of the detection signal received by the center tap of the secondary coil, and the amplitude of the common-mode signal is twice of that of the detection signal, the acquisition channel and the isolation transformer connected with the secondary coil are normal.
In an exemplary embodiment, the frequencies of the detection signals received by the center taps of the two secondary coils are different.
In an exemplary embodiment, the detection channel includes a digital-to-analog conversion unit; the acquisition channel comprises a filtering and signal conditioning unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit which are connected with each other, the filtering and signal conditioning unit is connected with the isolation transformer, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the signal processing unit.
The present application further provides a frequency-shifted track circuit receiver comprising two track circuit receivers as described above, wherein:
a signal to be detected of a track circuit receiver is a main track signal; the signal to be measured of the other track circuit receiver is a small track signal.
In an exemplary embodiment, the signal processing units include two, and one signal processing unit is shared by one acquisition channel and one detection channel corresponding to the main track signal and one acquisition channel and one detection channel corresponding to the small track signal; and the other acquisition channel and the other detection channel corresponding to the main track signal and the other acquisition channel and the other detection channel corresponding to the small track signal share the other signal processing unit.
In an exemplary embodiment, the signal processing unit includes a field programmable gate array FPGA and a central processing unit CPU, which are connected to each other, the FPGA is respectively connected to the acquisition channel and the detection channel, and the FPGA is further connected to an external communication interface for interface processing and signal buffering; and the CPU is used for processing signals and controlling the output of the FPGA. Compared with the prior art, the track circuit receiver and the frequency shift track circuit receiver can carry out integrity check on the track circuit receiver by arranging the center tap and the detection channel, improve the safety of the track circuit receiver, reduce the unsafe probability caused by random failure of hardware, and improve the maintenance efficiency of products which are collected and returned to the factory for maintenance due to failure of the channel; meanwhile, the isolation transformer is checked, so that the production procedures are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification, claims, and drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the examples serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frequency-shift track circuit receiver in the related art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another frequency-shift track circuit receiver in the related art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a track circuit receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an isolation transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the isolation transformer when a signal to be measured is single;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the isolation transformer when a single detection signal is detected;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the isolation transformer during normal operation (signal to be detected + detection signal);
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a frequency-shift track circuit receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another frequency-shift track circuit receiver according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present application describes embodiments, but the description is illustrative rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of the embodiments described herein. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the drawings and discussed in the detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with or instead of any other feature or element in any other embodiment, unless expressly limited otherwise.
The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features and elements disclosed in this application may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique inventive concept as defined by the claims. Any feature or element of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other inventive aspects to form yet another unique inventive aspect, as defined by the claims. Thus, it should be understood that any of the features shown and/or discussed in this application may be implemented alone or in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the embodiments are not limited except as by the appended claims and their equivalents. Furthermore, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the appended claims.
Further, in describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and/or process as a particular sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the particular order of steps set forth herein, the method or process should not be limited to the particular sequence of steps described. Other orders of steps are possible as will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, the particular order of the steps set forth in the specification should not be construed as limitations on the claims. Further, the claims directed to the method and/or process should not be limited to the performance of their steps in the order written, and one skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the sequences may be varied and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.
Example A track Circuit receiver
As shown in fig. 3, a track circuit receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an isolation transformer, two acquisition channels connected to the isolation transformer, and two detection channels, where the two acquisition channels form a two-out-of-two structure; still include signal processing unit, signal processing unit respectively with gather passageway and detection channel and be connected, wherein:
the isolation transformer comprises a primary coil and two secondary coils, wherein the primary coil is used for receiving a signal to be detected, and each secondary coil is provided with a center tap;
each acquisition channel is respectively used for acquiring the differential signal and the common-mode signal of the two terminals of one secondary coil and outputting the differential signal and the common-mode signal to the signal processing unit; the signal processing unit sends detection signals to a center tap of a secondary coil of the transformer through each detection channel;
the signal processing unit is used for comparing the differential signal with a preset frequency and/or amplitude value so as to detect the state of a signal to be detected, and comparing the common-mode signal with the detection signal so as to detect whether the two acquisition channels and the isolation transformer work normally or not.
It should be noted that, the signal processing unit of the present application compares the differential signal with the preset frequency and/or amplitude, and can detect the state of the signal to be detected in real time, or can detect the state of the signal to be detected periodically at a preset time interval.
In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage transformation ratio of the one primary coil and the two secondary coils is 1:1: 1.
As shown in fig. 4, N (1-2) is a source coil for inputting a signal to be measured, and the secondary coils are N (3-5) and N (6-8) respectively for inputting two acquisition channels in the 2-out-of-2 structure.
Because the basic function of the isolation transformer of the present application is isolation, the transformation ratio of the isolation transformer is designed as:
N(1-2)：N(3-5)：N(6-8)＝1：1：1；
in order to realize the self-detection function, a center tap is added to a secondary coil of the isolation transformer, and the transformation ratio is realized as follows:
N(3-4)＝N(4-5)；
N(6-7)＝N(7-8)。
in an exemplary embodiment, the comparing, by the signal processing unit, the differential signal with a preset frequency and/or a preset amplitude to detect a state of a signal to be detected includes:
if the frequency of the differential signal is the same as the preset frequency and the amplitude of the differential signal is higher than the preset amplitude, inputting a signal to be tested on the primary coil side; and if the amplitude of the differential signal is lower than the preset amplitude, no signal to be detected is input at the primary coil side.
In an exemplary embodiment, the comparing the common-mode signal with the detection signal by the signal processing unit to detect whether the two acquisition channels and the isolation transformer work normally includes:
and if the frequency of the common-mode signal of the two terminals of the secondary coil is the same as that of the detection signal received by the center tap of the secondary coil, and the amplitude of the common-mode signal is twice of that of the detection signal, the acquisition channel and the isolation transformer connected with the secondary coil are normal.
As shown in fig. 5, when there is only the signal to be measured and no detection signal, the isolation transformer divides the signal to be measured into two paths of signals with the same amplitude and frequency, and sends the two paths of signals to the signal processing units (CPU1 and CPU2) for operation.
As shown in fig. 6, when there is no signal to be measured, only a detection signal, the signal processing unit sends the detection signal to the center tap (terminal 4 or 7) of the secondary coil of the isolation transformer, and voltage read-back detection is performed from terminals 3 and 5 or terminals 6 and 8 of the secondary coil of the isolation transformer.
To ensure complete independence of the detection of the two channels, the frequencies of the detection signals for detecting the two acquisition channels are set to be different, f2 and f 2'.
As shown in fig. 7, when the device is in normal operation (both the signal to be measured and the detection signal are present), the signal to be measured f1 is input from the source side (primary coil side) of the isolation transformer, meanwhile, the signal processing units (CPU1, CPU2) input the detection signal to the center tap of the secondary terminal of the corresponding isolation transformer, and the CPU1, CPU2 collect the voltage from the terminals 3 and 5(CPU1) or the terminals 6 and 8(CPU2) of the secondary coil of the isolation transformer to perform the signal to be measured and the detection signal processing.
The signal to be measured inputs the signal voltage difference from the source side of the isolation transformer:
V(1-2)＝U1-U2；
let the detection signals output by the CPU1, the CPU2 be M with respect to the ground potential, that is:
U4＝M；
U7＝M；
the CPU1 reads the earth potentials U3 and U5 after the secondary coils (terminals 3 and 5) of the isolation transformer are superposed; the CPU2 reads the earth potentials U6 and U8 after the secondary coils (terminals 6 and 8) of the isolation transformer are superposed;
the signal to be detected collected by the CPU1 is a differential signal, and the voltage is U3-U5 ═ V (1-2);
the detection signal recovered by the CPU1 is a common-mode signal, and the voltage is U3+ U5 — 2M;
in the same way, the method for preparing the composite material,
the signal to be detected collected by the CPU2 is a differential signal, and the voltage is U6-U8 ═ V (1-2);
the detection signal collected by the CPU2 is a common-mode signal, and the voltage is U3+ U5 — 2M.
The signal processing unit analyzes the frequency and the amplitude of the differential signal (the voltage difference between the terminals 3 and 5 or the voltage difference between the terminals 6 and 8 of the isolation transformer 2), and if the frequency is correct (for example, the frequency of the differential signal is the same as the set frequency) and the amplitude is higher than a preset threshold value, the signal to be detected is judged to be input; and if the amplitude is lower than the preset threshold value, judging that no signal to be detected is input.
The signal processing unit analyzes the frequency and the amplitude of the common-mode signal (the sum of the voltages between the terminals 3 and 5, or the sum of the voltages between the terminals 6 and 8), and if the frequency is correct (for example, the frequency of the common-mode signal is the same as the frequency of the detection signal received by the center tap 4 or 7) and the amplitude is 2 times of the detection signal output by the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit judges that the acquisition channel and the isolation transformer are normal; and if the frequency or the amplitude is abnormal, judging that the acquisition channel and/or the isolation transformer are abnormal.
In an exemplary embodiment, in order to ensure complete independence of detection of the two channels, the frequencies of the detection signals for detecting the two acquisition channels are set to be different, f2 and f 2', and the frequencies of the detection signals received by the center taps of the two secondary coils are different.
In an exemplary embodiment, the detection channel includes a digital-to-analog conversion unit; the acquisition channel comprises a filtering and signal conditioning unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit which are connected with each other, the filtering and signal conditioning unit is connected with the isolation transformer, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the signal processing unit.
Embodiment two frequency-shift track circuit receiver one
As shown in fig. 8, a frequency-shift track circuit receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention includes two track circuit receivers as described in any of the above, wherein:
a signal to be detected of a track circuit receiver is a main track signal; the signal to be measured of the other track circuit receiver is a small track signal.
The ZPW-2000A type non-insulated track circuit divides the track circuit into a main track circuit and a small track circuit, a transmitter simultaneously transmits signals to the main track circuit and the small track circuit on two sides of the track, a main track receiver simultaneously receives frequency shift signals of the small track circuit in an adjacent section besides frequency shift signals of the main track circuit in the section, and the frequency shift signals are processed to form small track relay execution conditions and transmitted to the adjacent section. The main track receiver of the local section checks the execution condition of the small track relay sent from the adjacent track circuit receiver before operation, and the track relay of the local section is operated. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the signal processing unit includes two (signal processing unit 1 and signal processing unit 2), and one acquisition channel and one detection channel corresponding to the main track signal and one acquisition channel and one detection channel corresponding to the small track signal share one signal processing unit (signal processing unit 1); and the other acquisition channel and the other detection channel corresponding to the main track signal and the other acquisition channel and the other detection channel corresponding to the small track signal share the other signal processing unit (signal processing unit 2).
In the frequency shift track circuit receiver of the present application, two identical isolation transformers may be used for the main track signal and the small track signal, and although the main track signal and the small track signal are track signals with different carrier frequencies and different amplitudes, the implementation principles thereof are the same.
The following is an example of the main track signal, and the working principle is explained as follows:
(a) the working principle of the single main track signal is shown in fig. 5, and the isolation transformer divides the source main track signal into two paths of signals with the same amplitude and frequency, and sends the two paths of signals to the signal processing unit 1 and the signal processing unit 2 for operation.
(b) The principle of operation of the single detection signal is shown in fig. 6, with voltage read-back detection being performed from terminals 3 and 5 or terminals 6 and 8 of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer by sending to the center tap (terminal 4 or 7) of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer.
(c) As shown in fig. 7, in a normal operation, a main track signal f1 is input from the source side (primary coil side) of the isolation transformer, and simultaneously, the signal processing unit 1 and the signal processing unit 2 are respectively input from the center of the secondary terminal of the corresponding isolation transformer, and the signal processing unit 1 and the signal processing unit 2 collect voltages from the terminals 3 and 5 (signal processing unit 1) or the terminals 6 and 8 (signal processing unit 2) of the secondary coil of the isolation transformer to perform main track signal processing.
The voltage difference of the input signals at the source side of the main track signal isolation transformer is as follows:
V(1-2)＝U1-U2；
the detection signals input by the signal processing unit 1 and the signal processing unit 2 are set to have a ground potential M, namely:
U4＝M；
U7＝M；
the signal processing unit 1 reads the earth potentials U3 and U5 after the secondary sides (terminals 3 and 5) of the isolation transformer are superposed; the signal processing unit 2 reads the earth potentials U6 and U8 after the secondary sides (terminals 6 and 8) of the isolation transformer are superposed;
the main track signal collected by the signal processing unit 1 is a differential signal with a voltage of U3-U5 ═ V (1-2);
the detection signal acquired by the signal processing unit 1 is a common-mode signal U3+ U5-2M;
in the same way, the method for preparing the composite material,
the main track signal collected by the signal processing unit 2 is a differential signal with a voltage of U6-U8 ═ V (1-2);
the detection signal acquired by the signal processing unit 2 is a common-mode signal U3+ U5-2M;
and small track signal acquisition and main track signal principle.
The frequency shift track circuit receiver of the application outputs the detection signal to the center tap of the secondary coil, then tests whether the acquisition channel and the isolation transformer are normal by utilizing the small track signal and main track signal acquisition channel to recover the detection signal mode, and meanwhile, differential acquisition of the small track signal and the main track signal is not influenced.
Steel rail signal detection mechanism
The whole scheme of this application adopts 2 to get 2 structures, and 2 every structure in getting 2 structures adopts independent collection passageway to gather main track signal, little track signal respectively separately. The small track signal and the main track signal of the signal processing unit 1 are respectively from the first windings (terminals 3 and 5) of the isolation transformer 1 and the isolation transformer 2, the small track signal and the main track signal of the signal processing unit 2 are respectively from the second windings (terminals 6 and 8) of the isolation transformer 1 and the isolation transformer 2, and then the following processing is carried out:
1) signal processing and channel detection
Carrying out demodulation analysis on data (voltage difference between terminals 3 and 5 or voltage difference between terminals 6 and 8 of an isolation transformer 2), carrying out frequency and amplitude analysis, and if the frequency is correct (for example, the frequency of a differential signal is the same as a set frequency) and the amplitude is higher than a preset threshold value, judging that the main track state is idle (namely, no vehicle is occupied); and if the amplitude is lower than a preset threshold value, judging that the main track is occupied in a state.
Common-mode summation (sum of voltages between terminals 3 and 5, or sum of voltages between terminals 6 and 8) is performed on the data for demodulation, the frequency and amplitude of a detection signal sent to an isolation transformer tap (terminal 4 or 7) by a signal processing unit are analyzed, and if the frequency is correct (for example, the frequency of the common-mode signal is the same as the frequency of the detection signal received by the center tap 4 or 7) and the amplitude is 2 times of the amplitude of the detection signal output by the signal processing unit, the acquisition channel and the isolation transformer are determined to be normal; and if the frequency or the amplitude is abnormal, judging that the acquisition channel and/or the isolation transformer are abnormal, and closing the safety AND gate.
2) Output of detection signal
To ensure complete independence of the detection of the two channels, the frequencies of the detection signals for detecting the two acquisition channels are set to be different, f2 and f 2'.
Embodiment three frequency-shift track circuit receiver two
As shown in fig. 9, a frequency-shift track circuit receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention implements the following functions:
(1) and demodulating the main track signal and judging the occupied and idle states of the main track.
(2) And demodulating the small track signal, and judging the occupied and idle states of the small track.
(3) When 2 is taken as 2 for the demodulation and logic judgment results of the main track signal and the small track signal, and the comparison is consistent, the result is allowed to be output; and guiding to the safe side when the abnormal condition occurs.
(4) According to the state of the main track and the state of the small track, when the main track is idle, the track relay is driven, and when the main track occupies the space, the track relay is not driven; and when the small track is idle, driving the small track execution condition, and when the small track occupies time, not driving the small track execution condition.
(5) And an industrial field interface PROFIBUS-DP (decentralized peripheral) bus is adopted for outputting externally, and the idle or occupied state of the main track, the idle or occupied state of the small track and the working state are uploaded.
(6) And periodically checking the isolation transformer, guiding to a safety side when a fault occurs, and outputting an alarm condition.
In FIG. 9, D/A is D/A conversion, A/D is A/D conversion, and SRAM is Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM).
The main track signal and the small track signal of this application pass through isolation transformer and gather the input, isolation transformer has three function: firstly, isolating a steel rail signal from a receiver acquisition circuit; secondly, the electrical isolation function of two paths of acquisition circuits with 2-out-of-2 structures in the receiver is realized; and thirdly, the self-checking function of the acquisition channel can be realized.
As shown in fig. 9, the signal Processing Unit includes a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and a Central Processing Unit (CPU) connected to each other, the FPGA is respectively connected to the acquisition channel and the detection channel, and the FPGA is further connected to an external communication interface for interface Processing and signal buffering; and the CPU is used for processing signals and controlling the output of the FPGA.
As shown in fig. 4, N (1-2) is a source side coil for inputting a main track signal and a small track signal, and secondary coils are N (3-5) and N (6-8) respectively for collecting and inputting two circuits in the 2-out-of-2 structure.
Since the basic function of the isolation transformer is isolation, the transformation ratio of the isolation transformer is designed as follows:
N(1-2)：N(3-5)：N(6-8)＝1：1：1；
in order to realize the self-detection function, a center tap is added to a secondary coil of the isolation transformer, and the transformation ratio is realized as follows:
N(3-4)＝N(4-5)；
N(6-7)＝N(7-8)。
in the frequency shift track circuit receiver of the present application, two identical isolation transformers may be used for the main track signal and the small track signal, and although the main track signal and the small track signal are track signals with different carrier frequencies and different amplitudes, the implementation principles thereof are the same.
The following is an example of the main track signal, and the working principle is explained as follows:
(a) the working principle of the single main track signal is shown in fig. 5, and the isolation transformer divides the source main track signal into two paths of signals with the same amplitude and frequency, and the two paths of signals are sent to the CPU1 and the CPU2 for operation.
(b) The single detection signal operates as shown in fig. 6 by sending a detection signal to the center tap (terminal 4 or 7) of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer, which performs voltage read-back detection from terminals 3 and 5 or terminals 6 and 8 of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer.
(c) In a normal operation, as shown in fig. 7, a main track signal f1 is input from the source side (primary coil side) of the isolation transformer, meanwhile, the CPUs 1 and 2 respectively input a detection signal from the center of the secondary terminal of the corresponding isolation transformer through their FPGAs and D/a conversion, and the CPUs 1 and 2 collect voltages from the terminals 3 and 5(CPU1) or the terminals 6 and 8(CPU2) of the secondary coil of the isolation transformer to perform main track signal and detection signal processing.
The voltage difference of the input signals at the source side of the main track signal isolation transformer is as follows:
V(1-2)＝U1-U2；
let the CPU1, CPU2 detect signals to ground potential M, i.e.:
U4＝M；
U7＝M；
the CPU1 reads the earth potentials U3, U5 of the superimposed secondary (terminals 3, 5) of the isolation transformer; the CPU2 reads the earth potential of the secondary (terminals 6, 8) of the isolation transformer as U6, U8 after superposition;
the main track signal collected by the CPU1 is a differential signal with a voltage of U3-U5 ═ V (1-2);
the detection signal recovered by the CPU1 is a common mode signal U3+ U5 — 2M;
in the same way, the method for preparing the composite material,
the main track signal collected by the CPU2 is a differential signal with a voltage of U6-U8 ═ V (1-2);
the detection signal recovered by the CPU2 is a common mode signal U3+ U5 — 2M;
and small track signal acquisition and main track signal principle.
According to the method, the detection signal is output to the center tap of the secondary coil, and then the small track signal and the main track signal acquisition channel are utilized to recover the detection signal mode to test whether the acquisition channel and the isolation transformer are normal or not, and meanwhile, the differential acquisition of the small track signal and the main track signal is not influenced.
Steel rail signal detection mechanism
The whole scheme of this application adopts 2 to get 2 structures, and 2 every structure in getting 2 structures adopts independent channel to gather main track signal, little track signal respectively separately. And for the main track signal, the main track signal passes through an isolation transformer, and then enters the FPGA for data buffering after filtering, signal conditioning and A/D conversion. The CPU reads the A/D data of the FPGA, the small track signal and the main track signal of the CPU1 come from the first windings (terminals 3 and 5) of the isolation transformer 1 and the isolation transformer 2 respectively, and the small track signal and the main track signal of the CPU2 come from the second windings (terminals 6 and 8) of the isolation transformer 1 and the isolation transformer 2 respectively, and then the following processing is carried out:
1) signal processing and channel detection
Carrying out demodulation analysis on data (voltage difference between terminals 3 and 5 or voltage difference between terminals 6 and 8 of an isolation transformer 2), carrying out frequency and amplitude analysis, and if the frequency is correct (for example, the frequency of a differential signal is the same as a set frequency) and the amplitude is higher than a preset threshold value, judging that the main track state is idle (namely, no vehicle is occupied); and if the amplitude is lower than a preset threshold value, judging that the main track is occupied in a state.
Common mode summation (sum of voltages between terminals 3 and 5, or sum of voltages between terminals 6 and 8) is carried out on data for demodulation, the frequency and amplitude of a detection signal sent to an isolation transformer tap (terminal 4 or 7) by a CPU through a D/A (digital/analog) interface are analyzed, and if the frequency is correct (for example, the frequency of the common mode signal is the same as the frequency of the detection signal received by a center tap) and the amplitude is 2 times of the output value of the CPU through the D/A interface, the acquisition channel and the isolation transformer are judged to be normal; and if the frequency or the amplitude is abnormal, judging that the acquisition channel and/or the isolation transformer are abnormal, and closing the safety AND gate.
2) Output of D/A detection signal
To ensure complete independence of the detection of the two channels, the frequencies of the detection signals for detecting the two acquisition channels are set to be different, f2 and f 2'.
As shown in fig. 9, the frequency shift track circuit receiver of the present application integrally adopts a 2-out-of-2 structure, each structure in the 2-out-of-2 structure is composed of independent filtering and signal conditioning, a/D conversion, FPGA, CPU, small track inspection condition, carrier frequency selection and DP interface, and the two structures are electrically isolated from each other by using components and circuits and are independent from each other.
The signal processing unit in fig. 9 adopts a framework combining an FPGA and a CPU, the FPGA implements interface management such as a/D conversion, D/a conversion, DP bus, 2-out-of-2 comparison, and the CPU implements demodulation and logic judgment:
the FPGA is mainly responsible for all interface processing, A/D conversion, D/A conversion, DP bus interface, carrier frequency selection, information interaction between FPGAs, small track condition inspection, safety AND gate control and alarm relay control.
The CPU is mainly responsible for processing data acquired by the FPGA and controlling the output of the FPGA. After each CPU demodulates the small track signal and the main track signal, 2-out-of-2 comparison is carried out on the judgment results of the main track and the small track, the comparison is consistent, the output of the safety AND gate is allowed, and the safety AND gate is disconnected if the comparison is inconsistent.
After the CPU processes the data, the idle or occupied states of the small track and the main track are obtained, and after 2 is compared, the data can be output externally in two forms:
(1) outputting the idle or occupied states of the small track and the main track and the working state of the main track through a DP bus interface in a communication mode;
(2) after the double CPUs are processed by 2 out of 2, the safety AND gate circuit is controlled by the dynamic signal to form the condition that the small track and the main track drive the relay.
Compared with the existing ZPW-2000 frequency shift track circuit receiver, the frequency shift track circuit receiver has the following advantages:
(1) the safety is improved: the ZPW-2000 frequency shift track circuit receiver is the only part for train occupation and idle inspection, realizes complete inspection of steel rail signal acquisition channels such as an isolation transformer, filtering and signal conditioning, A/D conversion and the like, further improves the safety of the receiver and reduces the unsafe probability caused by random failure of hardware.
(2) The production efficiency is improved: the existing scheme does not detect the isolation transformer, but the isolation transformer is a key device, and the isolation transformer is necessarily independently checked before production and manufacturing so as to ensure the quality. The frequency shift track circuit receiver comprises isolation transformers and the like for independent inspection, the process of detecting the isolation transformers independently is not needed, the process is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
(3) The maintenance efficiency improves: the ZPW-2000 frequency shift track circuit receivers are all of a 2-out-of-2 architecture, the existing scheme is that a main track signal acquisition channel and a small track signal acquisition channel are detected only in a 2-out-of-2 comparison mode, when a fault occurs, which path fails cannot be accurately positioned, and two paths of signals are required to be simultaneously checked. According to the method and the device, independent detection is carried out on any main track signal and small track signal acquisition channel, any channel fault can be detected through the channel fault, and the maintenance efficiency is improved for the product which is subjected to factory maintenance due to the acquisition channel fault.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a track circuit receiver which characterized in that, includes signal processing unit, isolation transformer, two collection channels, two detection channel, two collection channels constitute two and get two structures, wherein:
the isolation transformer comprises a primary coil for receiving a signal to be measured and two secondary coils which are respectively provided with a center tap;
each acquisition channel is respectively used for acquiring the differential signal and the common-mode signal of the two terminals of one secondary coil and outputting the signals to the signal processing unit; the signal processing unit sends a detection signal to a secondary coil center tap of the transformer through each detection channel;
and the signal processing unit is used for comparing the differential signal with a preset frequency and/or a preset amplitude value so as to detect the state of a signal to be detected, and comparing the common-mode signal with the detection signal so as to detect whether the two acquisition channels and the isolation transformer work normally or not.
2. The track circuit receiver according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit compares the differential signal with a preset frequency and/or a preset amplitude to detect the state of the signal to be detected, and comprises:
if the frequency of the differential signal is the same as the preset frequency and the amplitude of the differential signal is higher than the preset amplitude, inputting a signal to be tested on the primary coil side; and if the amplitude of the differential signal is lower than the preset amplitude, no signal to be detected is input at the primary coil side.
3. The track circuit receiver of claim 1, wherein the voltage transformation ratio of the one primary coil and the two secondary coils is 1:1: 1.
4. The track circuit receiver of claim 3, wherein the signal processing unit comparing the common mode signal with the detection signal to detect whether the two acquisition channels and the isolation transformer are working properly comprises:
and if the frequency of the common-mode signal of the two terminals of the secondary coil is the same as that of the detection signal received by the center tap of the secondary coil, and the amplitude of the common-mode signal is twice of that of the detection signal, the acquisition channel and the isolation transformer connected with the secondary coil are normal.
5. The track circuit receiver of claim 1, wherein the center taps of the two secondary coils receive the detection signal at different frequencies.
6. The track circuit receiver of claim 1, wherein the detection channel comprises a digital-to-analog conversion unit; the acquisition channel comprises a filtering and signal conditioning unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit which are connected with each other, the filtering and signal conditioning unit is connected with the isolation transformer, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the signal processing unit.
7. A frequency-shifted track circuit receiver comprising two track circuit receivers according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:
a signal to be detected of a track circuit receiver is a main track signal; the signal to be measured of the other track circuit receiver is a small track signal.
8. The frequency-shift track circuit receiver according to claim 7, wherein the signal processing units include two signal processing units, one signal processing unit is shared by one acquisition channel and one detection channel corresponding to the main track signal and one acquisition channel and one detection channel corresponding to the small track signal; and the other acquisition channel and the other detection channel corresponding to the main track signal and the other acquisition channel and the other detection channel corresponding to the small track signal share the other signal processing unit.
9. The frequency-shift track circuit receiver according to claim 7, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and a Central Processing Unit (CPU) which are connected with each other, the FPGA is respectively connected with the acquisition channel and the detection channel, and the FPGA is further connected with an external communication interface for interface processing and signal buffering; and the CPU is used for processing signals and controlling the output of the FPGA.
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