CN110076585B

CN110076585B - Universal lathe bed type machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN110076585B
Application number: CN201910470512.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪传宏
Original assignee: Chongqing Honggang CNC Machine Tool Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Honggang CNC Machine Tool Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-31
Filing date: 2019-05-31
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-31
Also published as: CN110076585A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly discloses a universal lathe bed type machine tool. The protective cover is provided with a door capable of being opened and closed, the top of the tailstock guide rail is provided with a plurality of tailstock grooves, the top of the saddle guide rail is provided with a plurality of saddle grooves along the length direction of the saddle guide rail, tailstock fixing pieces and saddle fixing pieces are respectively arranged in the tailstock grooves and the saddle grooves, and the tailstock guide rail and the saddle guide rail are respectively fixed on the lathe body by the tailstock fixing pieces and the saddle fixing pieces; the tailstock fixing piece and the bed saddle fixing piece are internally provided with air blowing channels, the grooves are internally rotatably connected with rollers, and the rollers are positioned above the tailstock fixing piece and the bed saddle fixing piece, and the tops of the rollers are as high as the tops of the tailstock guide rail and the bed saddle guide rail. The general lathe bed formula lathe of this scheme can be to tailstock guide rail and the piece around the saddle guide rail clearance.

Description

Universal lathe bed type machine tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly discloses a universal lathe bed type machine tool.

Background

The numerical control machine tool is a high-precision automatic machine tool, and the body of the numerical control machine tool is an important part for supporting various machining components. Since the components such as the tailstock component and the turret component need to be moved on the bed to find the optimum processing position, a tailstock pallet for supporting the tailstock component and a saddle pallet for supporting the turret component are generally provided on the bed; the lathe bed also comprises a tailstock guide rail and a saddle guide rail which are used for respectively supporting the tailstock supporting plate and the saddle supporting plate, and the tailstock supporting plate and the saddle supporting plate are respectively connected with the tailstock guide rail and the saddle guide rail in a sliding way. And can produce the piece in the course of working of work piece, these pieces can pile up on tailstock guide rail and bed saddle guide rail, when tailstock layer board and bed saddle layer board pass through, the piece is gone into easily between tailstock layer board and tailstock guide rail or bed saddle layer board and the bed saddle guide rail, brings the hindrance to the slip of tailstock layer board and bed saddle layer board, blocks tailstock layer board and bed saddle layer board even, makes tailstock layer board and bed saddle layer board unable slip.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a universal lathe bed type machine tool for cleaning chips around a tailstock guide rail and a saddle guide rail.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the universal lathe bed type machine tool comprises a protective cover, a lathe bed, a group of tailstock guide rails and a group of saddle guide rails, wherein the tailstock guide rails and the group of saddle guide rails are arranged on the lathe bed; the tailstock fixing piece and the bed saddle fixing piece are internally provided with air blowing channels communicated with an air source, the grooves are internally rotatably connected with rollers, and the rollers are positioned above the tailstock fixing piece and the bed saddle fixing piece, and the tops of the rollers are as high as the tops of the tailstock guide rail and the bed saddle guide rail.

The scheme has the following beneficial effects:

the gas blows from the gas blowing channel to blow the fragments around the tailstock track and the saddle track, so that the fragments are far away from the tailstock track and the saddle track, and adverse effects caused by the fragments on the sliding of the tailstock supporting plate and the saddle supporting plate are avoided.

(II) the gyro wheel top is as high as tailstock guide rail or saddle guide rail top, drives the gyro wheel when tailstock layer board and saddle layer board pass through gyro wheel department and rotates, stirs the gas that blows out from the gas blowing passageway to change the flow direction of part gas, make the scope increase that gas can pass through, reduce the dead angle position, improve clastic clearance effect.

Further, the saddle guide rail includes two saddle tracks, and two saddle track top surfaces are the arcwall face, and saddle layer board bottom is equipped with the holding tank that can hold saddle track top surface.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: when the angle of inclination of the bed saddle needs to be adjusted, the angle of the bed saddle rail does not need to be adjusted, and the arc-shaped top surface of the bed saddle guide rail and the accommodating groove can rotate relatively, so that the support effect of the bed saddle guide rail on the bed saddle supporting plate is realized.

Further, arcwall face and holding tank lateral wall are the sphere.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the supporting shoe constitutes similar ball pivot structure with the holding tank, can not cause the hindrance to the adjustment of saddle angle.

Further, the roller is rotatably connected with the tailstock fixing piece and the bed saddle fixing piece.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the gyro wheel sets up on tailstock mounting and bed saddle mounting, can take out the gyro wheel when taking out tailstock mounting and bed saddle mounting, and need not install and carry out other operations before tailstock mounting and the bed saddle mounting and take out the gyro wheel, and it is more convenient to operate.

Furthermore, a plurality of air blowing openings communicated with the air blowing channel are formed in the circumferential direction of the roller.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the gas blows from the gas blowing port, and because the gyro wheel can be driven by tailstock layer board and saddle layer board, so the orientation of gas blowing port constantly changes, and the flow direction of the gas that flows out from the gas blowing port also changes thereupon, and the region that further increase air current can pass through reduces the dead angle.

Furthermore, a tailstock slide block which can be fixed with the tailstock supporting plate is connected on the tailstock guide rail in a sliding manner.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the tailstock slider is fixed with the tailstock layer board, the tailstock layer board passes through the tailstock slider to be connected with the tailstock guide rail, compare with tailstock layer board is direct with tailstock guide rail sliding connection, the tailstock layer board in this scheme can not worn and torn, improve the life of tailstock layer board, reduce the number of times of changing the tailstock layer board, need dismantle the tailstock on the tailstock layer board and install to new tailstock layer board when changing the tailstock layer board on, so this scheme can reduce the installation number of times of the tailstock on the tailstock layer board, and the efficiency is improved.

Further, the tailstock slide block comprises a horizontal section and two vertical sections which are fixedly connected, the two vertical sections are respectively positioned on two sides of the tailstock guide rail, and the bottom of each vertical section is higher than the lathe bed; the lateral wall of horizontal segment and two vertical sections orientation tailstock guide rail all is equipped with the guide way, and the guide way that is located on two vertical sections all communicates with the guide way that is located on the horizontal segment.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: because the tailstock slide block continuously slides back and forth along the tailstock guide rail, more chips are accumulated on the two sides of the tailstock slide block close to the tailstock slide block. When the tailstock slider was through blowing the mouth, follow the gas of blowing mouthful combustion gas along being located the guide way flow on the horizontal segment to two guide ways that are located two vertical sections respectively to directly blow in tailstock guide rail both sides, the guide way plays the effect of direction to the air current, makes the air current direct and piece contact, improves piece clearance effect.

Further, the air source is an air cylinder, a cam capable of pushing the air cylinder is rotatably connected to the lathe bed, a spring capable of enabling a piston of the air cylinder to reset is fixed in the air cylinder, and the cam can be intermittently driven by a tailstock supporting plate or a saddle supporting plate; an air inlet one-way valve and an air outlet one-way valve are fixed on the side wall of the rodless cavity of the air cylinder, the air outlet one-way valve is communicated with an air bag, and a flow limiting valve communicated with an air blowing channel is fixed on the air bag.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: only when the piece is piled up in tailstock guide rail and bed saddle guide rail both sides just can lead to the fact the influence to the slip of tailstock layer board and bed saddle layer board, and the less piece of few particle diameter falls and can not lead to the fact the influence in tailstock guide rail and bed saddle guide rail both sides. Tailstock layer board or bed saddle layer board promotes the cam and rotates when the cam in this scheme to promote the cylinder, make the gas in the cylinder discharge from the passageway of blowing, this scheme intermittent type nature's clearance tailstock guide rail and the piece of bed saddle guide rail both sides reach when avoiding the accumulational effect of piece, still avoid continuously blowing and make the piece float in the air always influence the air quality.

And under the effect of restriction valve, the gas in the gasbag need last a period of time just can discharge completely, and the air current of clearance debris can last a period of time promptly, improves clean effect.

Further, a ratchet wheel is coaxially fixed on the cam, a pawl capable of shifting the ratchet wheel is rotatably connected to the tailstock supporting plate or the bed saddle supporting plate, and a stop block capable of enabling the pawl to rotate in a single direction is fixed to the tailstock supporting plate or the bed saddle supporting plate.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: only when the ratchet is stirred by the pawl for many times, the cam can rotate for a circle, so that the cylinder is pushed once, the chips are cleaned once, the time interval between the chips is prolonged twice, and the ratchet mechanism is suitable for a processing machine tool with less particle sizes of the generated chips.

Furthermore, a dust removal pipe communicated with an external dust removal device is fixed in the protective cover.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the gas blown out from the blowing channel can enable the fragments close to the tailstock guide rail and the saddle guide rail to fly, after the dust removal pipe is communicated with an external dust removal device, the gas in the protective cover is guided to the dust removal device by the dust removal pipe, the flying fragments are guided to the dust removal device along with the gas, the fragments in the protective cover are reduced, and the fragments are prevented from being accumulated at other parts of the protective cover.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front longitudinal sectional view of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder being intermittently pushed in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a lathe bed 1, a jacking piece 11, a protective cover 12, an opening 13, a door 14, a sliding chute 15, a dust removal pipe 16, a tailstock supporting plate 2, a limiting block 21, a pawl 22, a stop 23, a rotating rod 24, a cam 25, a ratchet 26, a saddle supporting plate 3, a tailstock sliding block 4, a guide groove 41, a saddle rail 5, a tailstock rail 6, a tailstock groove 61, a tailstock fixing piece 7, an air blowing channel 71, a connecting block 72, a first channel 73, a rotating shaft 74, a second channel 75, a roller 8, a third channel 81, an air cylinder 9, a rodless cavity 91, an air inlet check valve 92, an air outlet check valve 93, an air bag 94, a flow limiting valve 95 and a spring 96.

Example 1

The general lathe bed type machine tool comprises a protective cover 12, a lathe bed 1, a group of tailstock guide rails and a group of saddle guide rails, wherein the tailstock guide rails and the group of saddle guide rails are arranged on the lathe bed 1, the bottom of the protective cover 12 is fixed to the top of the lathe bed 1 through bolts, and the tailstock guide rails and the saddle guide rails are located in the protective cover 12. The left wall of the protective cover 12 is provided with an opening 13 and a door 14 for closing the opening 13, a sliding groove 15 is transversely arranged below the opening 13, and the bottom of the door 14 is positioned in the sliding groove 15 and can transversely slide back and forth relative to the protective cover 12 to open and close the protective cover 12.

The utility model provides a lathe bed 1 top surface includes tailstock guide rail installation face and the bed saddle guide rail installation face that is located tailstock guide rail installation face right side, tailstock guide rail installation face is the horizontal plane, a set of tailstock guide rail is installed on tailstock guide rail installation face, a set of tailstock guide rail includes two tailstock tracks 6 that are parallel to each other, 6 tops of every tailstock track all are equipped with a plurality of tailstock recesses 61 along 6 length direction of tailstock track, be equipped with tailstock mounting 7 in the tailstock recess 61, 7 vertical tailstock tracks 6 and the 6 screw-thread fit of running through of tailstock mounting, be equipped with a plurality of screw holes with tailstock recess 61 one-to-one on the tailstock track installation face, accomplish the installation of tailstock track 6 in the 7 screw in screw holes of tailstock mounting promptly.

The stairstepping of the height on the left side is personally submitted in the installation of saddle track 5, and a set of saddle guide rail includes two saddle tracks 5, and two saddle tracks 5 all are on a parallel with tailstock track 6. One saddle rail 5 is positioned on the left stepped surface, the other saddle rail 5 is positioned on the right stepped surface, and the saddle rail 5 on the left side is higher than the saddle rail 5 on the right side. A plurality of jacking pieces 11 are arranged on the trapezoidal surface on the left side along the length direction of the saddle rail 5, the jacking pieces 11 in the embodiment are hydraulic cylinders, and push rods of the hydraulic cylinders face upwards.

The saddle track 5 that is located on the trapezoidal face in left side is located the pneumatic cylinder top, and two 5 tops of saddle track all are equipped with a plurality of saddle recesses, are equipped with the saddle mounting in the saddle recess, the saddle mounting vertically run through saddle track 5 and with 5 screw-thread fit of saddle track, all be equipped with on the ladder face on the push rod top of jacking-up piece 11 and right side with the screw hole of saddle recess one-to-one, can accomplish the installation of saddle track 5 in the screw hole of saddle mounting lower extreme screw in.

All be equipped with gyro wheel 8 in tailstock recess 61 and the saddle recess, gyro wheel 8 top and tailstock guide rail and saddle guide rail top are as high, and gyro wheel 8 coaxial welding has pivot 74, and tailstock mounting 7 and the homogeneous shaping in saddle mounting top have the connecting block 72 that is located the gyro wheel 8 left and right sides respectively, and both ends stretch into respectively in the connecting block 72 about pivot 74. The tailstock fixing piece 7 and the bed saddle fixing piece are both internally provided with air blowing channels 71, the roller 8 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of air blowing ports communicated with the connecting channels, taking the tailstock fixing piece 7 and the roller 8 positioned in the tailstock groove 61 as an example, a first channel 73 communicated with the air blowing channels 71 is arranged in the connecting block 72 on the left side, a second channel 75 communicated with the first channel 73 is arranged in the rotating shaft 74, the roller 8 is provided with a plurality of third channels 81 corresponding to the air blowing ports one to one, and the third channels 81 are communicated with the second channels 75. The air blowing channel 71 is communicated with an external air source, the specific air source can be an air pump or an air cylinder, and the air source in the embodiment is an air pump.

The 6 equal sliding connection in top of two tailstock tracks has tailstock slider 4, and tailstock slider 4 includes an integrated into one piece's horizontal segment and the vertical section that is located the horizontal segment left and right sides, and vertical section bottom all is higher than tailstock guide rail installation face, and the horizontal segment passes through the bolt fastening with tailstock layer board 2. The horizontal section bottom and two vertical sections all are equipped with guide way 41 towards on the lateral wall of tailstock track 6, and the guide way 41 on the horizontal section aligns and communicates with the guide way 41 on two vertical sections.

The lateral wall that tailstock track 6 was kept away from to two vertical sections transversely is equipped with the spacing groove, and 2 bottom integrated into one piece of tailstock layer board have the stopper 21 that is located the horizontal segment both sides respectively, and stopper 21 outwards is protruding and the card is gone into the spacing inslot towards the lateral wall of spacing groove, makes tailstock layer board 2 unable for 4 vertical removal of tailstock slider.

Two bed saddle guide rail top surfaces are spherical, and 3 bottom surfaces of bed saddle layer board are equipped with two holding tanks that align with two bed saddle tracks 5 respectively, and the lateral wall of holding tank is the sphere, and 5 tops of bed saddle track are located the holding tank, and bed saddle track 5 forms the structure of similar ball hinge with bed saddle layer board 3, and bed saddle layer board 3 rotates for bed saddle track 5 can not receive the influence.

The protection casing 12 top bonds and has dust removal pipe 16, and dust removal pipe 16 runs through protection casing 12 top and communicates with external dust collector, and dust collector can select to use current dust collecting equipment, and the strap dust remover is selected for use to this embodiment, and dust removal pipe 16 communicates with the entry of strap dust remover, and the piece of flying up in the protection casing 12 is along with the air in being inhaled external dust collector through dust removal pipe 16.

The specific implementation process of the embodiment is as follows:

when the machine tool works, the air source is manually started, the air source conveys air into the air blowing channel 71, the air entering the tailstock track 6 is blown out from the air outlet through the first channel 73, the second channel 75 and the third channel 81, the blown air flows along the left side and the right side of the guide groove 41 at the bottom of the horizontal section firstly and flows along the two guide grooves 41 on the vertical section, and therefore the blown air is blown downwards to the two sides of the tailstock track 6, and chips are far away from the tailstock track 6.

The gas that gets into in the saddle track 5 flows from the passageway of blowing, flows along the holding tank lateral wall, then receives the guide effect of holding tank lateral wall, also blows around saddle track 5, makes the piece keep away from saddle track 5. The debris blown up by the airflow is drawn into the external dust removing device through the dust removing pipe 16 along with the air in the shield 12, and the debris in the shield 12 is reduced.

When the inclination angle of the saddle supporting plate 3 needs to be adjusted, the jacking piece 11 is manually started, the push rod of the jacking piece 11 is controlled to extend out or retract into the jacking piece 11, and when the push rod of the jacking piece 11 extends upwards, the inclination angle of the saddle supporting plate 3 is increased; when the push rod of the jack-up member 11 is retracted downward into the jack-up member 11, the inclination angle of the saddle pallet 3 is reduced.

Example 2

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 3, the air source in this embodiment is an air cylinder 9, an air inlet check valve 92 and an air outlet check valve 93 are installed on the side wall of a rodless cavity 91 of the air cylinder 9, and when the pressure in the rodless cavity 91 increases, the air in the rodless cavity 91 is discharged from the air outlet check valve 93; when the pressure in the rod-less chamber 91 decreases, the outside air enters the rod-less chamber 91 from the intake check valve 92. The air outlet one-way valve 93 is communicated with an air bag 94 made of elastic rubber through a pipeline, a flow limiting valve 95 is installed on the air bag 94, the flow limiting valve 95 in the embodiment is a throttle valve, and specifically a valve which is manufactured by pneumatic elements of jiadi, zhejiang and has the model number of JSA-8 and the interface pipe diameter of PA-12 is selected, so that the flow discharged from the air bag 94 is controlled. The flow restriction valve 95 is communicated with the air blowing passage through a pipe.

A rotating rod 24 is vertically and rotatably connected to the tailstock guide rail mounting surface, a ratchet 26 and a cam 25 are connected to the rotating rod 24 along an axial key, the cam 25 can push a piston rod of the cylinder 9 leftwards, and a spring 96 with two ends respectively welded to a piston and an inner wall of the cylinder 9 is arranged in a rodless cavity 91 of the cylinder 9. The left wall of the left tailstock supporting plate 2 is hinged with a pawl 22 capable of shifting a ratchet 26, a torsion spring is arranged between the pawl 22 and the left wall of the tailstock supporting plate 2, two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed on the pawl 22 and the tailstock supporting plate 2, a stop block 23 is welded on the rear side of the pawl 22, and the pawl 22 can only shift the ratchet 26 in a single direction.

The specific implementation process of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: when the tailstock supporting plate 2 slides forwards, the pawl 22 drives the ratchet 26 to rotate by a certain angle, the cam 25 rotates by a certain angle, and when the tailstock supporting plate 2 slides backwards, the pawl 22 rotates and cannot drive the ratchet 26. The pawl 22 rotates the ratchet 26 several times to push the piston rod of the cylinder 9 to the left, the gas in the cylinder 9 enters the air bag 94 quickly, the gas exhausted from the air bag 94 per unit time is much less than the gas entering the air bag 94 due to the flow restriction of the flow restriction valve 95, the pressure in the air bag 94 increases, and the air bag 94 expands.

When the cam 25 releases the piston rod of the cylinder 9, the gas in the cylinder 9 no longer enters the air bag 94, the piston of the cylinder 9 is reset under the action of the spring 96, and the external gas enters the rodless cavity 91 from the gas inlet check valve 92. Under the elastic action of the air bag 94, the pressure in the air bag 94 is always higher than the external pressure, the air in the air bag 94 can be completely discharged after being continuously discharged for a period of time, and the air blown out from the air blowing port can be continuously discharged for a period of time, namely the airflow for cleaning the chips can be continuously discharged for a period of time, so that the cleaning effect on the chips can be improved; on the other hand, enough time is provided for the tailstock sliding block to pass through, so that air flow can be directly blown to two sides of the tailstock track from the guide groove, and the cleaning effect on the fragments is further improved. Otherwise, the other implementation procedures of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be construed as the scope of protection of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts, which are omitted from the description of the present invention, are all known techniques.

Claims

1. General lathe bed formula lathe, including protection casing, lathe bed, all install a set of tailstock guide rail and a set of saddle guide rail on the lathe bed, the protection casing is installed at the lathe bed top, and tailstock guide rail and saddle guide rail are located the protection casing, be equipped with openable and closable door, its characterized in that on the protection casing: the tailstock guide rail and the bed saddle guide rail are respectively fixed on the bed body by the tailstock fixing piece and the bed saddle fixing piece; the air blowing device is characterized in that air blowing channels communicated with an air source are arranged in the tailstock fixing piece and the bed saddle fixing piece, rollers are rotatably connected in the tailstock groove and the bed saddle groove, and the rollers are located above the tailstock fixing piece and the bed saddle fixing piece, and the tops of the rollers are as high as the tops of the tailstock guide rail and the bed saddle guide rail.

2. The universal-bed machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the saddle guide rail includes two saddle tracks, and two saddle track top surfaces are the arcwall face, and saddle layer board bottom is equipped with the holding tank that can hold saddle track top surface.

3. The universal-bed machine tool of claim 2, wherein: the arc-shaped surface and the side wall of the accommodating groove are spherical surfaces.

4. The universal-bed machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the roller in the tailstock groove is rotatably connected with the tailstock fixing piece, and the roller in the saddle groove is rotatably connected with the saddle fixing piece.

5. The universal-bed machine tool of claim 4, wherein: and a plurality of air blowing ports communicated with the air blowing channel are formed in the roller along the circumferential direction.

6. The universal-bed machine tool of claim 5, wherein: and the tailstock guide rail is connected with a tailstock sliding block which can be fixed with the tailstock supporting plate in a sliding way.

7. The universal-bed machine tool of claim 6, wherein: the tailstock slide block comprises a horizontal section and two vertical sections which are fixedly connected, the two vertical sections are respectively positioned on two sides of the tailstock guide rail, and the bottom of each vertical section is higher than the lathe bed; the lateral wall of horizontal segment and two vertical sections orientation tailstock guide rail all is equipped with the guide way, and the guide way that is located on two vertical sections all communicates with the guide way that is located on the horizontal segment.

8. The universal-bed machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the gas source is a cylinder, a cam capable of pushing the cylinder is rotatably connected to the lathe bed, a spring capable of resetting a piston of the cylinder is fixed in the cylinder, and the cam can be intermittently driven by a tailstock supporting plate or a saddle supporting plate; an air inlet one-way valve and an air outlet one-way valve are fixed on the side wall of the rodless cavity of the air cylinder, the air outlet one-way valve is communicated with an air bag, and a flow limiting valve communicated with an air blowing channel is fixed on the air bag.

9. The universal-bed machine tool of claim 8, wherein: the cam is coaxially fixed with a ratchet wheel, the tailstock supporting plate or the bed saddle supporting plate is rotatably connected with a pawl capable of shifting the ratchet wheel, and the tailstock supporting plate or the bed saddle supporting plate is fixed with a stop block capable of enabling the pawl to rotate in a single direction.

10. The universal-bed machine tool according to claim 3, 7 or 9, wherein: and a dust removal pipe communicated with an external dust removal device is fixed in the protective cover.