CN1100685A - Thermoplastic structural system and components therefor and their method of manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

The thermoplastic structure system includes prefabricated structural components which are used to assemble the required structure, said component is a long and thin integrated and extruded piece which has at least one cavity with closed periphery along its longitudinal direction, said component is fabricated by extrusion from thermoplastic material containing such additive which can enhance its strength and control its expansion, the shape of said components makes them able to link together.

Description

Thermoplastic structural system and components therefor and their method of manufacture

The present invention relates to a kind of building system, it be included in build employed new thermoplastic building element in the typing building structure, they manufacture method and with structure that they constituted.

The present invention can be enough be entirely polymeric member basically and build permanent and can afford and high house and other building structure of quality, said polymeric member can be rapidly with easily be connected and assemble, be the structure that forever need not keep in repair basically to form.

Made wallboard or the suchlike member that uses in the building structure although proposed to use plastics, but, these plates also do not have formation, and those can produce in enormous quantities also and can easily assemble rapidly with low cost, the necessary bearing capacity of utility structure or other structural condition in the house of the structure of low cost, particularly low cost to build forever.

Disclose a kind of plastic plate No. 3992839 as United States Patent (USP), it is that separated plate is made, and best by the polyvinyl chloride manufacturing, they mesh together, and forms a thin wallboard.These plates itself mesh together again, form wall body structure.The plate of Zhi Zaoing itself just is not durable like this, lacks intensity and bearing capacity, can not form the body of wall and the roofing that are used for as making practical permanent building and want satisfactory structural elements.

United States Patent (USP) discloses two kinds of prefabricated boards that use joint tongue and tongue and groove separately for No. 3362507, and said these prefabricated boards are preferably by the plastics manufacturing, and they are bonded or glued together, are used in the construction basement wall especially.These plates can not high-speed production, can not easily lock together rapidly to build house or other structure.

United States Patent (USP) discloses a hollow plate for No. 4457091, this plate passes through pultrusion, its width is approximately 1 1/2 inches, and complex inner structure arranged, this patent also discloses a kind of method, this method is included in firmly will grow glass strand under the heating condition and the plastic bonding material is pulled through a mould, so that glass strand is formed by the glass surface layer of plastic material with its densification that bonds together.Suitable slow of a kind of like this method, and cost height, the plate of manufacturing itself can not form to be built as the body of wall of the desirable house of the present invention system and roofing is desired accepts or enforceable structure.

In the present invention, the structural elements of building system comprises the thermoplastic members of extruding, add in this thermoplastic members to have and to strengthen structural strength and it can be obtained the stiffener assembly that expands and control, this stiffener assembly can be crossed extrusion die with the thermoplastic material slippage, to produce a kind of is the member of the overall structure moulding of rigidity basically, its shape makes them to be interlocked with adjacent structural elements, and these members have the stiffener assembly that is distributed in the whole thermoplastic material.

This member comprises the straight cored slab and the beam with inner chamber of extruding, also comprises the connection member that is referred to as the box-shaped connector that is squeezed out.Core or matrix that they have thermoplastic material to make have in said core or the matrix and strengthen and the control material that expands, and this distribution of material has a smooth co-extrusion pressure thermoplastic material top layer on the exposed surface of said core in whole core or matrix.

Be used for adding and be distributed in the core formed by vinyl chloride such as polyvinyl chloride or the particularly advantageous reinforcement material of matrix comprises thin short glass fiber, said glass fibre partly is exposed on the interface between the top layer that strengthening core and this co-extrusion extrude, this top layer covers this glass fibre part, and locks together with them.

Comprising can provide intensity and the core material of the suitable glass fibre of the control effect that expands can have been bought from B.F. Goodrich Co. of continent, Ohio AKron, and this material has been made detailed description in No. 4536360, the United States Patent (USP) of B.F. Goodrich Co..

Said co-extrusion pressure top layer can be as polyvinyl chloride, PVC-U, semirigid PVC or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS).Suitable top layer thermoplastic material can have been bought from General Electric Co. Limited, and trade mark is " GELOY " or " NORYL ".

Additional member of the present invention comprises the thermoplastic members of the elongated extruding with one first cavity and one second chamber, said first cavity has a periphery along the closure of its length direction, it is opening that this second chamber has on one side along its length direction, and on its length direction of said opening edge upper edge, isolated interlock is arranged, be used for and an elongated coupling closure member interlocking engagement.Said this member also have first closed cavity outside, be used for the device that is meshed with other member of this building system.

Fig. 1 is the perspective view in a house, and this house is to use the thermoplastic frame's member according to extrusion molding of the present invention to build up.

Fig. 2 is a cutaway view, represents how the wallboard in this house is seated on the layers of concrete.

Fig. 3 is a perspective section view of amplifying, and expression is placed on wallboard on the layers of concrete, and arrow represents to insert the place of anchoring and reinforced-concrete etc.

Fig. 4 is a profile perspective that amplifies, and a pair of board member and its connector of installation prepared in expression.

Fig. 5 is an end-view that amplifies, and represents that this connector is connected to the mode of adjacent panels member.

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of cutting open, the structure of expression one structural elements that typically squeezes out, this member has the core or the matrix of a thermoplastic material, it oozes and has closed the reinforced glass fiber, its outer surface that exposes is coated with a smooth thermoplastic top layer, the face seal of this matrix is lived, and the glass fibre that will be anchored to whereby on this matrix gives embedding.

Fig. 7 is the 7-7 sectional drawing among Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a profile perspective, is illustrated in its Side fascia of ridge place in house and the assembling situation of lining and roof boarding.

Fig. 9 is a profile perspective, represents that a body of wall connects the box connector or the post of usefulness, and it is furnished with an inner interlock, is used for installing a flute profile skewer and goes into part, so that electric wire is installed in body of wall.

The box connector that Figure 10 and the other two kinds of wallboards of 11 expressions are used or the form of post.

Figure 12 is a profile perspective, the expression weatherboarding be installed on the wall body structure and be used for the end that binds of this roof boarding than low side than low side.

Figure 13 is the profile perspective in a corner, the box connector at expression hollow wall plate and bight place or post are the concrete blindings that how to be configured to cast concrete etc., so that wall body structure is anchored on the layers of concrete, and form by one of loose concrete cavity filling firm rigid wall body structure, make it when providing effectively heat insulation and preventing cold transmission, can also resist earthquake, hurricane and other natural phenomena.

Figure 14 is a sectional drawing, and the window device of a jockey is used in expression, and the shape of this jockey can be interlocked it with wall column, and can support a standard window.

Figure 15 is the top plan view of a body of wall, and this body of wall can be the body of wall of any structure, comprises the body of wall in house of the present invention, and expression is only used concrete in this box connector or post.

Figure 16 is the top plan view of cutting open, represents a kind of wall body structure, in this wall body structure, is filled with concrete in each cavity of its wallboard itself and box connector or the post connector, to obtain maximum strength of wall body.

Figure 16 a is the top view of concrete cast guide cavity.

Figure 16 b is the top view of concrete guide cavity shown in Figure 16 a that is assemblied on the wallboard top, and this wallboard is used to form concrete filled wall structure shown in Figure 16.

Figure 17 is the sectional drawing of cutting open, and expression is connected to a kind of method on the body of wall in house with roof boarding.

Figure 18 is the amplification cutaway end view of the part of a practical example of board member of the present invention, and the outer wall of expression strengthening core and the interior relative thickness that is connected the wing or wall and bonding top layer, and said top layer is sealed the outer wall of the exposure of this plate.

Figure 19 is a cutaway view, represents the Reinfored wallboard of an extruding of the present invention, and an ornamental covering is arranged on the outer surface of this wallboard.

Figure 20 is the schematic diagram of non-bearing lining, and in this wallboard, the top layer by a coating, replaces as coating.

Figure 21 is the perspective view of cutting open of an interlocking wall body structure, represents a wall lid of the present invention and a box connector.

Figure 22 is a plane, and expression is used for how by electric wire or other facility are surrounded with concrete, providing a kind of method of protecting this electric wire or other facility by the formed closing section that faces interior chamber of the interior locking of box connector.

Figure 23 is the perspective view than the closure member of lower end that is used to seal roof boarding.

Figure 24 is the broken-open perspective view of a wall bent cap, and expression uses weather strip formula closure member to protect the chamber of lateral opening.

Figure 25 is a perspective view, is illustrated in the building structure as shown in Figure 1 and uses intermediate beam.

Figure 26 is an inclination cover piece that is used on the intermediate beam.

Referring to Fig. 1, the roofing 3 that provided by the present invention one typical house has the body of wall 1 that assembled up by wallboard 2 and assembled up by as shown in Figure 8 roof boarding 4.

The shape of wallboard and roof boarding is such, and they can be by engaging with the interlock fit of adjacent members, thereby just they can be assembled up without tool using, and to be connected to become this building structure, this point will be done more fully to describe in the back.

As shown in Figure 2, required all things of doing in place of preparing this house are to build a layers of concrete 5, and this backing plate 5 has the limit wing 6 of a thinner thickness, is used for forming the limit that puts wallboard 2, especially referring to Fig. 3.

Wallboard 2 has outer wall 7 and the inwall 8 that separates, and they are linked together by transversal web 9, thereby forms internal cavity 10, if form quite high-intensity permanent wall body structure, and can be by cast concrete shown in the arrow A in cavity 10.In addition, can be equipped with anchor rod 11 to layers of concrete as required, this anchor rod 11 stretches out backing plate and stretches in the cavity 10, so that anchoring is poured into the concrete in this cavity, thereby wallboard is anchored on this backing plate.Provide a guide plate 12 to limit concrete, so that do not allow them below wallboard, spill.

As in Fig. 2 as can be seen, the body of wall in house and the size of layers of concrete are selected such size for use, promptly in the office, thickening part of this backing plate, in the inside one very little clearance G is arranged near body of wall, this provides an allowable deviation, guaranteeing that this body of wall locates assembling around thick of backing plate, and be supported on the thin limit wing 6, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

When pouring into a mould concrete in body of wall, as in the conventional poured concrete method, it contains a certain amount of water.As can seeing once more among Fig. 3, what body of wall constituted plate is opening than low side, is located on the wing 6 of layers of concrete than the lower end wallboard at these.Water in this permission concrete can flow out the bottom of wallboard effectively, although guide plate 12 provides an effective protector really, leak out below wallboard with the prevention concrete, but it can not stop water, so it makes any water in the interior concrete of wallboard can flow out backing plate.Guide plate 12 has also formed a saddle, helps the outside alignment of wallboard along layers of concrete.

Shown in Figure 4 and 5, adjacent wall board is adapted to pass through connector 13 and couples together, and as shown in figure 15 the free end of this plate is got up with a vertical posts or 14 interlockings of box connector then.Post 14 is a general pillar, and the adjacent interlock board at place is right in the middle of the body of wall length that is used to interlock.And post or box connector 15 are a corner post, are used to the neighboring walls of interlocking and intersecting at the place, bight.As shown in figure 15, be filled with concrete 16 in the post 14 and 15, and anchor on the layers of concrete by anchor pole 11.Figure 15 only represents that joint pin or box connector 14 and 15 are filled with concrete situation, concrete is all arranged and Figure 16 is illustrated in the internal cavity 10 of Figure 14 and wallboard 2 among both.

If plan this building structure is removed subsequently, then can in post and/or lining cavity, use sand to replace concrete as required, to reach needed structural strength and anchoring effect.Certainly, also can fill other material except that concrete in the wall column 14 and 15 of this lining chamber 10 and/or locking usefulness, comprise insulation material.Another kind method is, but the pillar fill concrete, and plate is fill insulant material or other of this sort material as required.

For the house of acquisition standard setting, for simplicity, the size of selected wallboard 2, connector 13 and post 14 and 15 makes the center line of post have 1 meter lateral separation to the center line of post.Consider from cost and the structural strength balance between the two, easily will be from outer wall 7 to inwall the thickness of the wallboard 82 be chosen to be 4 inches.Certainly, this wallboard can be made significantly thicker, but can increase its cost like this, and can reduce the intensity of body of wall than this thin a lot of wallboard, and reduces the concrete amount that this body of wall can be poured into a mould.

As shown in figure 12, the upper end of body of wall 1 is covered by the wall bent cap 17 of a sky, and this wall bent cap 17 has the wing 18, and the wing 18 encases the inside and outside wall of wallboard, thereby fixed thereon firmly.This wall lid or beam are hollow, and an oblique upper surface 19 is arranged, with support roof boarding 4 than the lower end.

As shown in figure 17, roof boarding 4 is installed to the device on the wall cap surface 19 of inclination, can comprises a screw rod 20 and a wedge shape fixture block 21, this screw rod 20 is imbedded in the concrete in one of wall column 14 or lining cavity 10, and projects upwards and extend through wall lid 17.Wedge shape fixture block 21 is fixed by the nut 22 and the pad 23 of the upper end that is tightened on screw rod 20.The hollow end bent cap 24 that has the wing 25 encases the upper and lower surface of roof boarding, stop up these roof boardings than the lower end, but provided suitable osculum 26, osculum 26 also allows to pass through the air circulation of hollow roof boarding 4.

As shown in Figure 8, be one to have the hollow epimere or the beam 27 of similar structures in the central authorities of the depth in house with wallboard 2, it is supported by the crotch 28 that is bearing on the post 14.Be locked on the top of spine 27 is the ridge tie-beam 29 of a roof boarding, this ridge tie-beam 29 has the roof boarding stayed surface 30 of inclination, the wing or hook 31 that this surface 30 ends in up and extends backwards, this wing or hook 31 protrude in the cavity 32 of roof boarding 4, imbrication also fastens the lower surface 33 of these cavitys, thereby the upper end of roof boarding is anchored on the spine 27.Tail ridge exhaust duct 34 is set, with the gap between the upper end that covers roof boarding 4, and lock together, and allow air, and the gas-discharging channel hole from end cap 24 26 flows out by this ridge exhaust duct and the circulation of roofing cavity with these upper ends.Roof boarding spine 27 is furnished with closed hollow section 35, and this cross section 35 is placed on the stayed surface 30, to increase its strength and stiffness.

The size of roof boarding 4 can be similar to the size of wallboard 2, but, increase the roof boarding span or give and count the place that heavier roofing load is arranged for needs, can increase the thickness of roof boarding so, promptly the interval between surface 33 and the upper surface 36 for example is increased to it 6 inches and the amount that can also increase the glass fibre in it.Equally, count the place that has than heavy load giving, can increase the thickness of epimere beam and the content of glass fibre.

Except being used for connecting the post 14 and corner post 15 of straight wall section usefulness, as shown in figure 11, also be provided with post or box connector 37, be used for lining 38 is connected on the wallboard that constitutes one of exterior wall 1.

Especially need employed electric wire in the house is hidden in body of wall, in order to realize this purpose, as shown in Figure 9, a post or a box-shaped connector that is equivalent to post 14 is arranged, be labeled as 14 ', the a pair of hook that separates 39 of this post or box-shaped connector 14 ' comprise, hook 39 from this post to projecting inward, and overturn outwardly with opposite direction, receive slidably saddle of guide groove 40 to form, guide groove 40 has the wing 41 towards invagination, and this wing 41 is interlocked slidably behind hook 39, thereby forms an independent space 42 for electric wire 43 or other facility are installed.

Can get up with concrete enclosing in this post 14 ' interior installation guide groove 40 formed independent spaces 42, said concrete be poured into post 14 ' in, it is empty to reserve this guide groove 40, so that electric wire 43 to be installed.

Figure 16 a and 16b represent to make concrete to be loaded in the body of wall and do not make space 42 be exposed to concrete feature.Specifically, Figure 16 a represents that generally it has formed a succession of opening 45 within it with the concrete guide cavity or the mould bases of 44 expressions.Shown in Figure 16 b, mould bases 44 is placed on the top of wall body structure, the opening in this mould bases roughly with wall body structure in each cavity or space 10 centerings.It should be noted that especially pass post 14 ' on the opening of mould bases do not have the different guide groove 40 formed spatial alignment that combine with saddle 39, saddle 39 by the mould bases main body protection.Guide groove 40 and saddle 39 are close to the bottom surface of mould bases, therefore, when when the mould bases cast concrete, can effectively space 42 be closed and stop concrete to flow into.This mould bases has an additional benefit, and promptly it has formed an end face for fill concrete, and because the opening size in the mould bases is less with respect to the size in this space, therefore helps to stop concrete material to overflow from wall body structure.

Can recognize, in order to build stable, a firm and permanent structure, building structure as described above, the structural strength and the bearing capacity that need have the function of finishing them such as the various panels of wallboard, body of wall joint pin and connector, roof boarding and wall beam, for example wall lid and spine.Simultaneously, in order to implement, these members must be able to be produced in a large number with low cost.

Although ordinary hot moulding material, vinyl chloride for example, as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), can easily be squeezed into needed shape, but resulting product there is not enough intensity to constitute the sort of building of the quite big load of opposing or the load assembly of permanent structure of being applicable to.In addition, this member has the unacceptable change in size of following temperature and taking place.On the other hand, be unacceptable equally with a kind of intensity that makes the uneconomic method of plastics-production product strengthen this plastic material.

Structural elements of the present invention is by using the thermoplastic material of strengthening to obtain, this thermoplastic material is strengthened with a kind of like this method, the thermoplastic material of i.e. this reinforcement provides necessary strength and expansion control but still energy slippage cross extrusion die, in this way can continuously extruded member, and intensifier is distributed on the whole thermoplastic material, and at its contact place is continuously and is finished by the body of wall that these members constituted.

Although some known thermoplastic material intensives are arranged, as mineral or other fiber, and some known expansion controlling agents, as calcium carbonate, useful especially a kind of intensive of the present invention or composition are made up of little glass fibre.These glass fibres are in being anchored at thermoplastic material the time, vinyl chloride for example, and as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) wherein, these glass fibres can provide the reinforcement and the expansion control characteristic of the necessity that is fit to various structural elements of the present invention so.

Can buy a kind of suitable material that trade mark is FIBERLOC from the B.F. Goodrich Co. in Akron area, Ohio, be mixed with little glass fibre in this material, can be used to produce structural elements of the present invention, this material is disclosed in No. 4536360, the United States Patent (USP) of B.F. Goodrich in detail, in this patent, very thin short glass fiber is rolled in the mixture of vinyl chloride resin.

Can provide tensile strength and the control of expanding to this material although in PVC or other thermoplastic material, put into glass fibre, but can aspect extruding, have problems, and, if these fibers too much or too concentrated, then will squeeze out this material and not accomplish.These fibers preferably its diameter are approximately several microns, and its length is approximately several millimeters, and its density is not more than and is preferably less than about 35%(weight meter of the weight sum of glass fibre and vinyl chloride resin).

The existence of glass fibre also can produce fragility, and this fragility only makes the structure by the Fibreglass Reinforced Plastics manufacturing subject to possible breaking under percussion, and this possibility increases along with the increase of the density of glass fibre.

According to most preferred embodiment of the present invention, use glass fibre favourable add powerful feature in, the problem of using glass fibre to run into as intensifier is strengthened the thermoplastic material co-extrusion extrusion one smooth thermoplastic top layer that covers on the various structural elements exposed surfaces by this glass fibre and has been obtained solution.

Said smooth plastic surface layer can be a polyvinyl chloride, PVC-U, semirigid PVC, acrylonitrile-butadiene-third ethylene-dien terpolymer (ABS) and polycarbonate.Can buy the suitable thermoplastic material that trade mark is GELOY and NORYL from General Electric Co. Limited.

Therefore, according to optimised form of the present invention, structural elements with required characteristic, particularly as Fig. 6 that amplifies and shown in Figure 7, comprise the smooth exterior layer 47 that squeezes out altogether in a core or the matrix 46, said core or matrix 46 are to strengthen thermoplastic material by glass fibre to be constituted, as polyvinyl chloride.Said extexine 47 covers the exposed surface of this structural elements.

There are many purposes on top layer 47.Owing in core or matrix 46, glass fibre 48 is arranged, this matrix 46 is somewhat crisp, its rough surface and wearing and tearing are arranged, the segment glass fiber stretches out matrix surface simultaneously, thereby make this matrix a bit loose, be subject to moist intrusion, this moist meeting is to the negative interaction that bondd between glass fibre and the thermoplastic material.

The thermoplastic top layer that co-extrusion extrudes covers and has sealed the exposed surface of structural elements, stops moist the intrusion, thereby keeps glass fibre is bonded to integrality on the matrix plastic.And extexine 47 not only covers the glass fibre that exposes, and these glass fibre results that expose have been embedded in the thermoplastic material, so the outer surface of member is smooth fully.Itself is embedded in glass fibre in this extexine not only but also this extexine can be fixed on the described matrix as a result, thereby the expansion that the expansion and the contraction of this extexine is fixed to matrix and shrinking, the expansion of this matrix and contraction are that the coefficient of expansion of this glass fibre is more much smaller than the coefficient of expansion of described plastics by the glass fibre control or the restriction of mixing.

Another important function of this extexine 47 is that as what person of skill in the art will appreciate that, the thermoplastic material that is elected to be this top layer can be prepared, and makes it that additive that can provide opposing to impact is provided.Therefore this top layer can form a shock resistance or absorb the cover layer that impacts, and the exposed surface of this structural elements is sealed, thereby made this structural elements can resist impact.

Extexine 47 can also mix needed any color, and can make the opposing ultraviolet radiation, thereby the same just as understood by the skilled person in the art, it will can not fade away because of the wind erosion agent that contains in the weather.

Therefore, the matrix 46 of co-extrusion pressure and the combination of smooth layer 47 can provide a kind of like this structural elements, and promptly this structural elements need not keep in repair basically, shock resistance, will be not can corrosion or corrosion, moistureproof, termite and other insect.

As the special signal of institute among Fig. 5, the wall of wallboard no matter be wallboard 2 or roof boarding 4, forms inwardly relative sliding tray or recess 49 by it is squeezed on edges of boards or the sidewall 50, get ready to this building structure for chain.

That section plate that extends from recess 49 to edges of boards or between the sidewall 50 at 51 and 52 places, interval between two surfaces of its within and without is reduced to the end that holds connector shown in Figure 5 13 or the thickness of alar part 53, or hold Fig. 9, the thickness of various posts 14,15 shown in 10 and 11 and 31 protrusion wall 54.This structure has been arranged, and the exposed surface of this plate just flushes with the exposed surface of said connector or post so, thereby forms smooth continuous exposed surface.

Connector 13 has interior flap 55, be used for slidably bridle joint and be fixed on wallboard and the recess of roof boarding 49 in, it is linked together, similarly, box-shaped connector or post 14,15 and 37 have interior flap 56, are used for slidably bridle joint and being fixed in this recess 49, do not adopt the slip interlock method that each member is installed rapidly and simply thereby do not need tool using just can reach.

For the ease of this slip interlocking, plate end or sidewall 50 have a spill a little, and as shown in Figure 5, this makes this plate end 50 keep not contacting with the web 58 of connector 13, and the web 58 of this connector 13 has been enclosed in the body of wall after installation.The web 58 of this connector is provided with and covers top layer 47, therefore can hinder and said plate end between slip.If the gap between the web 58 of wallboard 50 and connector has been strengthened, so this structure also can be avoided the interference of any slip interlocking.The smooth layer 47 of connector extends near the end of interior flap 55, so their slide in the recess 49 of plate end easily.

As what the plate installed and connecting elements were noticed, the plate 58 that does not add the connector on top layer is built in body of wall or the roof structure, and is subjected to their protection.Same thinking, the cross wall 59 of post or box-shaped connector 14,15 and 39 does not add the top layer, and when assembling up, these cross walls 59 also are built in the wall body structure and are subjected to its protection.

Because it can be the very attracting appearance of required color that smooth outer plastic surface layer 47 presents, as shown in figure 19, an ornamental surface layer 60 can be placed on the plate, as wallboard 2.This ornamental surface layer 60 can be with any needed form, as the emulation brick, and stone and shingle nail etc.Will recognize that also roof boarding also can have the surface layer of imitative roofing tile and shide etc., this surface layer can couple together in any suitable manner, 61 places in Figure 20 with illustrated method representation this mode.

Do not need the place of the same bearing capacity of the wallboard that is used for external wall of house in the most preferred embodiment noted earlier at wallboard, for example constitute the wallboard of interior wall, then these wallboards as the plate among Figure 17 62, can contain the intensive that is not glass fibre in their thermoplastic material.This other intensive shown in 63 comprises other fiber, as mineral fibres, or non-fibrous material, as calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate slippage is apace crossed extrusion die, and, can save the plastics extexine.

In this case, the exposed surface of plate can be decorated and cover or seal with a coating 64, wallpaper or panelling etc. shown in Figure 20.

Formation comprises plate 2 and 4, post 14,15 and 31, connector 13 and wall lid or beam, and the method for these structural bearing members of roof boarding end cap, according to the present invention, comprise with 46 while of glass fiber reinforcement matrix material co-extrusion pressure going out smooth thermoplastic material top layer 47, and use this top layer 47 to make a kind of lubricant and help matrix material slippage overmolding mould.By this top layer of such extruding, protected the surface of the shaping mould that is in contact with it, this surface and the wearing and tearing that expose glass fibre end or part matrix material are kept apart.

In plate 2 and 4 such structural elements, these plates have transversal web, and as web 9, this web 9 is connected across between two wall parts, and the thickness that width by making these webs or thickness are slightly less than wall 7 and 8 can help extruding.As a kind of concrete instance, the thickness of web 9 is selected in 0.065 inch, its wall thickness can be elected 0.080 inch as, and the thickness on top layer 47 may be selected in about 0.015 inch, thereby makes wooden partition 7 and 8 than endosternum thick 0.030 inch.

From textural, when considering its bearing capacity, the wall 7 of wallboard and 8 can be counted as the wing of I-beam, and its transversal web 9 can be counted as the web of this beam.Similarly, the end of connector 13 can be regarded as the wing of I-beam, and its transversal web or wall 58 be regarded as the web of this beam.Post 14,15 and 37 can be taken as the box-girder of using for the structure purpose.

Will be understood that the example of being enumerated is example purely here, after those skilled in the art understands, can easily change these specific size and ratios.

Single structure member of the present invention is the extrusion of the continuous length of length, blocks according to needed length again.In this respect, be appreciated that these members can not destroy by saw and otch to form door-window opening etc., be used for installing shown in Figure 1 66 and window 65.

For example, as shown in figure 14, window 65 can be a general window, and it has standard plastic window frame 67, and sash 68 is installed on it, and sash 68 upper supports have glass 69.For this window is installed, can be provided with the hollow plastic tube joint 70 of extruding, this pipe joint 70 has groove or recess 71, and this groove or recess 71 are interlocked with the interior flap 56 of for example one of box column or place, angle box column 15.This depends on the position of window.Pipe joint 70 is proportional, thus when and window they are connected across between two posts after combining, make the house keep selected 1 meter modulus.The window unit that has pipe joint shown in Figure 14 70 and locks together with them between a corner post 15 and an intermediolateral column 15.

Pipe joint 70 is provided with leg 72, they with window frame 67 in engage and support this window frame 67.Will be understood that, comprise that the window unit of pipe joint 70 can be used the method the same with installing plate and connector, it is slipped into its due position simply or it is assembled up, and do not want any instrument or other fastened tools.

Being appreciated that to provide similar structure for door 66 is installed, and this 66 also is the door of having bought easily made of plastic.

Referring to Figure 21 and 22, connect the box-shaped connector 14 of wallboard 2 ' a have skewer and go into wherein groove 73, groove 73 is provided with interior flap 74, the wing 74 slidably mate connector 14 ' hook 39 in and lock together with it.

Groove 73 is provided with the whole space 75 and 76 that connects at its tail end place, be used for installing as electric wire 43 and telephone wire 77.

As shown in figure 21, groove 73 forms the space of a cast concrete 16, and therefore, the facility as electric wire 43 and 77 can be surrounded by concrete fully, protect they can not run into squeeze into box-shaped connector 14 ' interior nail, bolt or the similar thing of wall.

As shown in figure 21, oblique wall cover piece or beam 78 form an inner-cavity structure, and this structure comprises a big intermediate cavity 79, and this intermediate cavity 79 has the chamber, limit 80 of a closure and the chamber, limit 81 of the closure of adjoining.

Wall lid 78 has the vertical wing 82 and 82, is used for encasing the surfaces externally and internally by wallboard 2 and box-shaped connector 14 ' formed wall body structure, so that firmly this wall lid 78 is bearing on the top of body of wall.

Except the cavity configuration of the closure of wall lid 78, wall lid 78 also is provided with an inner chamber 83 longitudinally, and inner chamber 83 is being an opening on one side of the inside in house.Also have a less exocoel 84, this exocoel 84 is an opening towards outside one side in house.Chamber 83 and 84 boths have the limit 85 of the longitudinal extension of invagination, be used for cooperating with the closure member that is expressed as lath 86, lath 86 has the outstanding shank that has outer flanging 87, should be used for and limit 85 interlockings by outer flanging 87, so that the opening edge of enclosed cavity 83, chamber 83 are used for installing electric wire or other facility 43 and 77.

Can use same lath or other closure member to seal exocoel 84.

Figure 23 represents to be used for to seal the pressing beam 88 of the lower end of roofing 3, and roofing 3 is that the hollow roof boarding 4 by extruding constitutes.Beam 88 has the closed cavity 89 of a centre and the closed cavity 90 and 91 of side.The outside of stretching out of these closed cavities is wings 92, is used for encasing the upper and lower surface of roofing 3, and this beam is connected thereto.

Beam 88 also is provided with an epicoele 93 and cavity of resorption 95, and epicoele 93 has flanging or a hook 94 and a unshowned suitable closure member interlocking in one.Cavity of resorption 95 is opening down, and the hook of similar sealed usefulness is arranged, and is used for bridle joint in the recess 96 of closed slots 97, and this closed slots 97 has the air vent 98 that passes wherein.

Be appreciated that the cavity or the chamber that need allow air pass roofing 3 circulate, in order to accomplish this point, suitable hole 99 is set to be provided and enters chamber 95 and pass these holes or slit 98 enters passage in the atmosphere.

Figure 23 also represents an adapter sleeve 100, is used for will holding the pressing beam by end for the length of extending roof boarding and links together.

Figure 24 represents wall lid 101, it is similar to wall lid shown in Figure 21, closed cavity 102,103 and 104 and exocoel 105 and 106 are arranged, exocoel 105 and 106 is opening on one side, and by weather strip 107 and 108 sealings, weather strip 107 and 108 is used for and corresponding chamber 105 and 106 interlockings, said weather strip have that co-extrusion extrudes flexible most advanced and sophisticated 109 and 110, with the base of the roof boarding 4 shown in supporting.

Figure 25 has represented to use middle roofing brace summer 111 in the relative both sides of spine 112 with diagrammatic representation.

Figure 26 represents to be used to cover the pressing beam 113 of the another kind of form of roof girder 111 usefulness, this beam 113 has a main closed cavity 114 and the closed cavity 115 of a side, and on the relative both sides in main chamber 114, also has chamber 116 and 117 in its openings at one side, chamber 116 and 117 is provided with interlocking hook 118, is used for making to cooperate bridle joint with closure member.This bent cap 113 also is provided with interlocking hook 119, is used for interlocking in beam 111 formed seams or recess 120 as shown in the figure.

As shown, in installation, the roof boarding that is bearing on the top margin of beam 113 can be fastened on it on beam 113 with bolt 121, thereby fixes these roof boardings.

Be appreciated that and bear big load and surface exposed extruded member in natural environment is arranged, will have strengthening core and coextrusion surface layer.But the closure strip of many not bearing loads or other extrusion preferably can squeeze out with polyvinyl chloride simply.

Although described each most preferred embodiment of the present invention here in detail, be appreciated that concerning those those skilled in the art, in the scope of not leaving spirit of the present invention or appended claim, can make change on this basis.

Claims (32)

1, a kind of thermoplastic structural system, comprise and be used for being assembled into the prefabricated structural element that needed structure is used, said each member all is all-in-one-piece elongated extrusion, this extrusion has at least one along it chamber of a closed perimeter to be arranged vertically, the said member of each part all is squeezed into by thermoplastic material, contain a slip in this thermoplastic material and cross its intensity of reinforcement of extrusion die and the constituent of its expansion of control, said structural elements has the definite shape that they can be locked together.

2, thermoplastic structural system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, some said member has at least one in its chamber that opening is arranged on one side at least, has lock connector on the said opening edge, to be used for installing an interlocking closure member.

3, thermoplastic structural system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the outer surface of the exposure of said structural member is coated with a co-extrusion pressure thermoplastic top layer.

4, thermoplastic structural system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, said reinforcement constituent is selected from a kind of among calcium carbonate, mineral fibres or the glass fibre, and the outer surface of the exposure of said structural elements is covered with smooth thermoplastic top layer.

5, be used for building thermoplastic frame's member that the thermoplastic frame uses, said member comprises an elongated extrusion, this extrusion has this chamber, at least one chamber along it closed perimeter to be arranged vertically, said structural member has the thermoplastic matrix and the co-extrusion pressure smooth layer that covers on this basic surface that slip is crossed extrusion die, thereby the described member that is mounted on the thermoplastic frame has smooth exposed surface, said member has the shape that interlocking formation can be provided, to be used for and the adjacent members usefulness of reciprocal interlocking.

6, extrusion structure member as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, said core comprises the reinforcement constituent of being made up of fibrous material.

7, extruding thermoplastic frame member as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that said core comprises the reinforcement constituent of being made up of glass fibre.

8, as thermoplastic frame's member as described in the claim 5,6 or 7, it is characterized in that said co-extrusion pressure top layer is a smooth shock resistance thermoplastic layer.

9, as thermoplastic frame's member as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that the lip-deep glass fibre that is exposed to described matrix partly is embedded in the described top layer.

As structural elements as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that 10, contacted interlocking structure surface-coated is stamped said smooth plastic surface layer in the described connection.

As structural elements as described in claim 5 or 10, it is characterized in that 11, said top layer comprises a kind of additive that makes said top layer opposing ultraviolet radiation.

12, a kind of hollow thermoplastic frame's member that is used for structural system, said member has a slippage to cross the extruding matrix and a smooth co-extrusion pressure thermoplastic top layer of extrusion die, this matrix is made by thermoplastic material, in have glass fibre to be strengthened, this thermoplastic top layer covers and seals the exposed surface of said matrix, the glass fibre that exposes partly is embedded in the said top layer, and said top layer is anchored on the said matrix, and the shape of said member can be bonded together it with the member interlocking that is complementary.

13, as thermoplastic frame's member as described in the claim 12, it is characterized in that the straight shape plate that has comprised, in this plate, constitute on the wall at interval of this plate on its surface, on relative two surfaces, have vertical recess of alignment, constitute the slideway of interlocking usefulness near the side-walls of this plate.

14, as thermoplastic frame's plate as described in the claim 13, it is characterized in that, be reduced to the spacing the isolated wooden partition of adjacent plate sidewall from the recess of said alignment.

15, as thermoplastic frame's plate as described in claim 13 or 14, it is characterized in that having endosternum to be connected across between the wooden partition that forms the plate face, said wooden partition is thicker than said web.

16, as thermoplastic frame's plate as described in claim 13 or 14, it is characterized in that said plate sidewall is a spill.

17, as extrusion structure member as described in the claim 12, it is characterized in that, lead machine in having, be used for installing and interlock slot shape skewer is gone into part, with form one independently in the space electric wire or similar device are installed.

18, the elongated extrusion of a thermoplastic material, being used to build building structure uses, said extrusion has at least one chamber, vertically there is closed periphery in this chamber along it, at least one is the chamber of opening along its longitudinal extension and on one side, and erecting device that is arranged in the outside of said at least one closed cavity, said at least one on said this limit, locking device is arranged in the chamber that on one side is opening, this locking device extends longitudinally, be used for matching with supporting closure member, thus can closed said at least one atrium.

19, as extrusion as described in the claim 18, it is characterized in that, said at least one have the isolated vertical wall that extends on the said opening edge in the chamber that on one side is opening, said locking device is included in the lateral flap of longitudinal extension at the outer end place of said isolated wall.

20, as extrusion as described in the claim 18, have a plurality of vertical chambeies that closed perimeter is arranged.

21, as extrusion as described in the claim 18, Yi Bian have a plurality of in the vertical chamber that is opening.

22, as extrusion as described in claim 18 or 19, it is characterized in that, strengthen and the vinyl chloride of the filler that control is expanded is squeezed into by containing.

23, as extrusion as described in claim 18 or 19, have the thermoplastic core of reinforcement and the cover of co-extrusion pressure, this cover covers the outer surface of the exposure of this core.

24, one elongated thermoplastic material extrusion, being used for building building structure uses, this extrusion has at least one chamber along the closed perimeter of its longitudinal extension, at least one is along the chamber of its longitudinal extension and openings at one side, also has an erecting device and an elongated extruding closure member that is arranged in the place, outside of said at least one closed cavity, said at least one in the chamber of openings at one side one locking device is arranged on said one side, this locking device is along its longitudinal extension, match with the closure member of a coupling, thereby can be with said at least one atrium closure, said closure member has the locking device that stretch on vertical edge, is used in the locking device with said atrium bridle joint to use.

25, a closure member that is used for an elongated hollow extrusion, said extrusion has along its longitudinal extension and in the chamber of openings at one side, be positioned at the enclosed edge device at this opening edge place in addition, said closure member is squeezed into by thermoplastic material, its length is suitable with the length in the chamber of wanting closure, and the hook device is arranged, be used for using with the enclosed edge device bridle joint of this elongated hollow extrusion.

26, as closure member as described in the claim 25, comprise an elongated lath, this lath is provided with the air vent that passes wherein.

27, make the method for the thermoplastic frame's member that is used for structural system, comprise thermoplastic matrix and smooth thermoplastic top layer co-extrusion are pressed into the desired structure shape, this thermoplastic matrix contains the intensive that tensile strength can be provided and limit the thermal expansion of this matrix, this thermoplastic top layer is lived the surface coverage of this matrix on the outside of said member, and use said smooth layer to help push said matrix, and this matrix is sealed up in the outside of said member as lubricant.

28, such as claim 27 method, wherein said intensive comprises thin short glass fiber, the smooth thermoplastic of said co-extrusion pressure top layer is extruded with the glass fibre on the embedding matrix surface that is exposed to said member outside, thereby makes said smooth outer surface and said top layer is locked on this matrix.

29, as method as described in claim 27 or 28, wherein said structural elements is squeezed into open tubular column.

30, as method as described in claim 27 or 28, wherein said planform is that what be squeezed at one end is the cored slab of opening, this cored slab is by the wall of exterior wall surface in isolated the composition, the endosternum that the sidewall that this isolated planar wall is linked together, and the planar wall with said interval in the middle of said sidewall in addition links together.

31,, it is characterized in that said top layer extrudes with the thermoplastic material co-extrusion that includes anti-ballistic materials as method as described in claim 27 or 28.

32, as method as described in right 27 or 28, wherein said top layer extrudes with shock proof thermoplastic material co-extrusion, includes toner ultraviolet weathering resistance agent in this thermoplastic material.

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