CN110066651B - Biological oil-displacing agent welan gum and oil displacing system thereof - Google Patents
Biological oil-displacing agent welan gum and oil displacing system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a biological oil-displacing agent welan gum and an oil displacing system thereof, belonging to the technical field of tertiary oil recovery. The technical scheme comprises two steps of preparation of welan gum fermentation liquor and preparation of welan gum serving as a biological oil displacement agent. The invention can be applied to oil recovery under the conditions of high temperature and high salinity reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tertiary oil recovery, and particularly relates to a biological oil-displacing agent welan gum and an oil displacing system thereof.
Background
With the continuous progress of exploration and development technologies, the exploratory reserves of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs account for 60-70% of newly added exploratory reserves in China. Hypotonic-ultra-low permeability oil and gas reservoirs, unconventional oil and gas resources, deep high temperature and marine oil and the like become 'difficult-to-new' fields to be developed and utilized, so that new requirements are put forward on the existing technology for improving the recovery efficiency. Therefore, the development of the biopolymer oil displacement agent which is suitable for high-temperature and high-salt reservoir conditions, low in damage, low in cost, efficient and environment-friendly meets the development direction of the petroleum industry in China.
The chemical flooding technology widely applied at present mainly adopts partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (HPAM) as an oil displacement agent. It has the advantages of obvious thickening effect, relatively simple technology, low price and the like. However, with the changes of reservoir conditions such as temperature rise, mineralization increase, permeability decrease, etc., the technical defects of polyacrylamide are gradually revealed, such as: the thickening effect of polyacrylamide is obviously reduced due to high temperature, high mineralization and shear stress; the adsorption of the oil displacement agent on the surface of the rock mineral of the oil reservoir may cause the injection pressure of the displacement fluid to be increased and the injectability to be reduced; environmental pollution, reservoir destruction, etc.
Welan gum (formerly S-130) is a novel fermentation product of the gram-negative bacterium sphingamomass p. The polysaccharide has polyelectrolyte property due to the existence of D-glucuronic acid in the chemical structure, and is also an anionic polysaccharide. The welan gum can form a perfect double helix structure, and the double helix structure promotes the association between skeletons mainly by virtue of acetyl and glycerol groups, so that the welan gum is more stable than other polymers and can be used as a potential biological oil displacement agent. However, there is currently little research on welan gum as an oil displacement agent and its maturation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a biological oil-displacing agent welan gum and an oil displacement system thereof, the obtained biological oil-displacing agent welan gum is nontoxic, harmless and easy to degrade, is an environment-friendly biological agent, has the oil displacement capacity equivalent to that of a polymer, and is simple in preparation process, low in cost and easy for large-scale production and application when the solution is applied to the oil displacement system.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a biological oil-displacing agent welan gum, which is prepared by the following steps:
preparing welan gum fermentation liquor:
inoculating the cryopreserved gram-negative bacteria Sphingomonas sp.WG with the accession number of M2013161 into a primary seed culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 12-24 hours at 150r/min to obtain primary seed liquid;
inoculating the primary seed liquid into a secondary seed culture medium in an inoculation amount of 1 (15-20) in volume ratio, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 12-18 hours at 150r/min to obtain a secondary seed liquid;
inoculating the secondary seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium according to the volume ratio of 1:20, and culturing for 24-72 hours at 30 ℃ and 150r/min to obtain welan gum fermentation liquid;
preparing biological oil-displacing agent welan gum:
carrying out alcohol precipitation treatment on the welan gum fermentation liquor, and drying for 24-72 hours to obtain a crude product;
and dissolving the crude product in water, purifying, drying for 24-72 hours, and grinding into powder to obtain the biological oil-displacing agent welan gum.
In the technical scheme, the gram-negative bacterium Sphingomonass p.WG is preserved in China center for type culture Collection with the preservation number of CCTCCNO: M2013161. The single colony of sphingomonas WG (Sphingomonas sp. WG) is yellow, round, convex in the center, viscous, opaque, neat in edge and smooth in surface; the strain has the morphological characteristics that: gram staining is negative, the thallus is in a short rod shape, has flagellum and has no spore; the physiological and biochemical characteristics are as follows: the growth temperature is 20-40 ℃, the growth pH is 4-9, and the NaCl tolerance is 3%; oxidase, arginine double hydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, urease, beta-galactosidase and citric acid use experiments are positive, and VP, indole production, gelatin hydrolysis experiments and H2S production experiments are negative.
The welan gum prepared by the technical scheme has the following advantages as a biological oil displacement agent: (1) the solution can keep a higher viscosity value under the condition of high temperature and high mineralization degree; (2) the mechanical shearing resistance is strong, and the cutting dilution and timely recovery performance are realized; (3) the solution is not easy to be absorbed by reservoir rock; (4) the biological soluble chitosan is compatible with organisms and biodegradable, is environment-friendly and has high safety; the oil displacement capacity of the system can be compared favorably with that of HPAM.
Preferably, the primary seed culture medium and the secondary seed culture medium are both culture media containing 8-12g/L of sucrose, 0.5-1g/L of yeast extract, 2-8g/L of peptone, 1-2g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5-1g/L of magnesium sulfate; the fermentation culture medium is a culture medium containing 60-80g/L of sucrose, 2-5g/L of yeast extract, 2-5g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1-3g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the alcohol precipitation is 95% ethanol, and purification is performed using an isopropanol/sodium chloride system, wherein the concentration of sodium chloride is 2-5%.
The invention also provides a welan gum fermentation liquor oil displacing system, which is prepared by the following steps:
sterilizing the welan gum fermentation liquor obtained in the technical scheme in a water bath at 65-85 ℃ for 2-4 hours, cooling to room temperature, and diluting the welan gum fermentation liquor by 2-5 times to obtain a welan gum fermentation liquor oil displacement system with the viscosity ranging from 25 mPa.s to 100 mPa.s.
The invention also provides a welan gum water solution oil displacement system, which is prepared by the following steps:
preparing the biological oil-displacing agent welan gum obtained in the technical scheme into an aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.03-0.05%, uniformly stirring in a water bath at 35-40 ℃, standing overnight at room temperature, and obtaining the welan gum aqueous solution oil-displacing system with the viscosity ranging from 25-100 mPa.s.
The invention also provides a welan gum fermentation liquor-polymer compound oil displacement system, which is prepared by the following steps:
diluting the welan gum fermentation liquor obtained in the technical scheme by 2-5 times, and adding a polymer into the welan gum fermentation liquor until the final concentration of the polymer reaches 0.05% to obtain a welan gum fermentation liquor-polymer compound oil displacement system with the viscosity ranging from 120 to 200 mPa.s.
Preferably, the polymer is polyacrylamide.
The invention also provides a welan gum-polymer compound oil displacement system, which is prepared by the following steps:
compounding the welan gum of the biological oil displacement agent obtained in the technical scheme and a polymer at room temperature to obtain a welan gum-polymer compound oil displacement system with the viscosity ranging from 120 to 200 mPa.s.
Preferably, the biological oil-displacing agent welan gum accounts for 0.02-0.03% by mass of the compound oil-displacing system, and the polymer accounts for 0.01-0.03% by mass of the compound oil-displacing system.
Preferably, the polymer is polyacrylamide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the welan gum as the biological oil displacement agent provided by the invention is nontoxic, harmless and easy to degrade, is an environment-friendly biological agent, and has the oil displacement capacity equivalent to that of a polymer; when the polymer oil displacement agent is applied to an oil displacement system, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, the large-scale production and application are easy, and compared with the conventional polymer oil displacement agent, the oil displacement effect can be improved by 8-12%; compared with the conventional polymer flooding system, the welan gum compound flooding system has a synergistic effect, and can reduce the dosage of the polymer and save the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the oil displacement effect of welan gum (WLJ) provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the oil displacement effect of welan gum Fermentation broth (WLJ-Fermentation) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the oil displacement effect of a welan gum Fermentation broth-polymer (WLJ Fermentation-HPAM) compound oil displacement system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 shows the oil displacement effect of a welan gum-polymer (WLJ-HPAM) complex oil displacement system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 shows the flooding effect of a polymer (HPAM) flooding system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a comparison of the flooding effect of four new systems provided by the present invention with a polymer (HPAM) system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1 Willan gum fermentation broth oil displacing system
Inoculating the cryopreserved Sphingomonas sp.WG with the accession number of M2013161 into a primary seed culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ and 150r/min for 16-24 hours to obtain a primary seed solution; then inoculating the strain into a secondary seed culture medium according to the volume ratio of 1 (15-20), and culturing for 16-18 hours at 30 ℃ under the condition of 150r/min to obtain a secondary seed solution. Inoculating the secondary seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium with 20 times of volume, and culturing for 24-72 hours at 30 ℃ under the condition of 150r/min to obtain welan gum fermentation liquid; wherein the primary seed culture medium and the secondary seed culture medium are culture mediums containing 8-12g/L sucrose, 0.5-1g/L yeast extract, 2-8g/L peptone, 1-2g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5-1g/L magnesium sulfate; the fermentation culture medium is a culture medium containing 60-80g/L of sucrose, 2-5g/L of yeast extract, 2-5g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1-3g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Sterilizing the welan gum fermentation liquor in a water bath at 65-80 ℃ for 2-4 hours, cooling to room temperature, diluting the welan gum fermentation liquor by 2-5 times, measuring the viscosity range to 25-100mPa.s by using a six-speed rotational viscometer to obtain a welan gum fermentation liquor oil displacement system, and storing at 4-30 ℃.
Carrying out a displacement simulation experiment on the obtained welan gum fermentation liquor oil displacement system, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the experimental method comprises the following steps: as shown in figure 1, (1) a 1 m sand filling pipe is selected to simulate an oil reservoir, sand filling and air tightness checking are carried out, and the permeability and pore volume are measured by saturated water; (2) 1 m of sand filling pipe is dried in a constant temperature oven at 80 ℃ for saturated oil, and the oil-containing volume is measured; (3) placing the sand filling pipe with the saturated oil in a thermostat at 55 ℃ and keeping the temperature for more than 12 hours; (4) preparing a displacement liquid according to an experimental scheme, standing at room temperature for more than 4 hours, and measuring the viscosity; (5) and (3) carrying out a sand-packed pipe displacement experiment according to the experimental scheme, simulating the oil reservoir temperature of 55 ℃ and the back pressure of 3MPa in the displacement experiment, and collecting displacement liquid and a pressure curve.
In example 1, the permeability of the sand pack pipe was 3600mD, and the oil content was 148cm3Pore volume of 180cm3The porosity was 36%. The simulated oil sample is mixed oil, and comprises the following components: neutral kerosene 1:1, viscosity 300 mpa.s.
And measuring 3.2PV of total displacement liquid, wherein water flooding is 1.6PV, and chemical flooding is 1.6PV (the experiment design is that the water flooding is 1.6PV, the chemical flooding can be carried out after the water content reaches 95% after 1.6PV, and the injection amount of 1.6PV is also adopted for the chemical flooding to ensure the consistency of the experiment). The displacement curve is shown in fig. 2, wherein the water flooding recovery rate is 49.66%, the total recovery rate is 72.97%, and the enhanced recovery rate is 23.31%, wherein the enhanced recovery rate is equal to the total recovery rate% -the water flooding recovery rate.
Example 2 Witland Water solution flooding System
Carrying out alcohol precipitation treatment on the welan gum fermentation liquor obtained in the example 1, and drying for 24-72 hours to obtain a crude welan gum; further purifying the crude product welan gum by using an isopropanol/sodium chloride system (the concentration of sodium chloride is 2-5%), drying for 24-72 hours, and grinding into powder to obtain the biological oil-displacing agent welan gum.
Preparing the obtained biological oil-displacing agent welan gum into an aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.03-0.05%, uniformly stirring in a water bath at 35-40 ℃, standing overnight at room temperature, measuring the viscosity range to be 25-100mPa.s by using a six-speed rotational viscometer, obtaining a welan gum aqueous solution oil-displacing system, and storing at 4 ℃.
A displacement simulation experiment as described in example 1 was used, wherein the sand pack permeability was 3709mD and the oil content was 137cm3Pore volume 171cm3The porosity was 34.2%. The simulated oil sample is mixed oil, and comprises the following components: neutral kerosene 1:1, viscosity 300 mpa.s.
A total displacement liquid of 3.2PV was measured, with 1.6PV for water and 1.6PV for chemical. The displacement curve is shown in fig. 3, wherein the water flooding recovery rate is 55.27%, the total recovery rate is 74.82%, and the enhanced recovery rate is 19.55%.
Example 3 welan gum fermentation broth-polymer compound oil displacing system
Diluting the welan gum fermentation liquor obtained in the example 1 by 2-5 times, adding polyacrylamide into the welan gum fermentation liquor until the concentration of the polyacrylamide reaches 0.05%, and measuring the viscosity range to be 120-200mPa.s by using a six-speed rotational viscometer to obtain a welan gum fermentation liquor-polymer compound oil displacement system, and storing at 4 ℃.
A displacement simulation experiment as described in example 1 was used, wherein the sand pack permeability was 3709mD, the oil volumeIs 138cm3Pore volume 177cm3The porosity was 35.7%. The simulated oil sample is mixed oil, and comprises the following components: neutral kerosene 1:1, viscosity 300 mpa.s.
A total displacement liquid of 3.2PV was measured, with 1.6PV for water and 1.6PV for chemical. The displacement curve is shown in figure 4, the water flooding recovery rate is 56.33%, the total recovery rate is 81%, and the enhanced recovery rate is 25.67%.
Example 4 welan gum-polymer complex oil displacing system
Compounding the welan gum of the biological oil-displacing agent obtained in the example 2 and polyacrylamide into a 500ML system at room temperature, wherein the welan gum of the biological oil-displacing agent accounts for 0.02-0.03% by mass in the compounded oil-displacing system, the polyacrylamide accounts for 0.01-0.03% by mass in the compounded oil-displacing system, and the viscosity range is 120-200mPa.s measured by a six-speed rotational viscometer, so that the welan gum-polymer compounded oil-displacing system is obtained and stored at the temperature of 4 ℃.
A displacement simulation experiment as described in example 1 was used in which the sand pack permeability was 3674mD and the oil content was 165cm3Pore volume of 181cm3The porosity was 36.3%. The simulated oil sample is mixed oil, and comprises the following components: neutral kerosene 1:1, viscosity 300 mpa.s.
A total displacement liquid of 3.2PV was measured, with 1.6PV for water and 1.6PV for chemical. The displacement curve is shown in figure 5, the water flooding recovery rate is 52.06%, the total recovery rate is 74.6%, and the enhanced recovery rate is 22.54%.
Comparative example 1
Adopting polyacrylamide to prepare 500mg/L aqueous solution as a polymer flooding system, measuring the viscosity range by using a six-speed rotational viscometer to be 25-100mPa.s, and storing at 4 ℃.
A displacement simulation experiment as described in example 1 was used, wherein the sand pack permeability was 3679mD and the oil content was 131cm3Pore volume of 168cm3The porosity was 33.6%. The simulated oil sample is mixed oil, and comprises the following components: neutral kerosene 1:1, viscosity 300 mpa.s.
A total displacement liquid of 3.2PV was measured, with 1.6PV for water and 1.6PV for chemical. The displacement curve is shown in figure 6, the water flooding recovery rate is 56.87%, the total recovery rate is 70.23%, and the enhanced recovery rate is 13.36%.
As can be seen from the above, the results of the oil displacement simulation experiments performed on examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 under the same conditions are shown in fig. 7, and in examples 1 to 4, the recovery ratio of welan gum Fermentation broth (WLJ Fermentation) is increased by 23.31%, and the final recovery ratio is 72.97%; welan gum (WLJ) improves the recovery ratio by 14.55 percent and improves the final recovery ratio by 74.82 percent; the Weilan gum and polyacrylamide compound system (WLJ-HPAM) improves the recovery ratio by 22.54 percent and the final recovery ratio by 74.6 percent; the recovery ratio of the welan gum Fermentation liquor and the polyacrylamide compound system (WLJ Fermentation-HPAM) is increased by 25.67 percent, and the final recovery ratio is 81 percent. Compared with the traditional HAPM in the comparative example 1, the enhanced recovery ratio is 13.36%, the ultimate recovery ratio is 70.23%, and the welan gum and the compound system thereof in the examples 1-4 have more excellent enhanced recovery ratio effect. Particularly, the effect of improving the recovery ratio of the welan gum fermentation liquid is better than that of welan gum aqueous solution and HPAM aqueous solution, mainly because lipopeptide biological surfactants are generated in the microbial fermentation process, the surface tension of oil and water can be reduced, and the oil displacement efficiency is effectively improved; the microbial polysaccharide in the fermentation product can be crosslinked with other substances in the fermentation liquor to form jelly with high viscoelasticity, and oil displacement is facilitated. The preparation process of the fermentation liquor flooding system is simple, the cost is low, and the large-scale production and application are easy.
The welan gum has the same characteristics of low concentration and high viscosity as the traditional polyacrylamide, and has stronger tackifying capability and larger elasticity; meanwhile, as a biological oil displacement agent, the oil displacement agent is non-toxic, harmless, easy to degrade and environment-friendly, and protects the stratum to a great extent. The welan gum and the compound system of the fermentation liquor and the HPAM show the synergistic effect, so that the use amount of the HPAM can be effectively reduced, and the cost is saved; meanwhile, the problems of increased injection pressure and poor injectability of the traditional polyacrylamide displacement fluid are solved.
Claims (9)
1. The welan gum fermentation liquor oil displacement system is characterized by being prepared by the following steps:
sterilizing a welan gum fermentation liquor in a water bath at 65-85 ℃ for 2-4 hours, cooling to room temperature, and diluting the welan gum fermentation liquor by 2-5 times to obtain a welan gum fermentation liquor oil displacement system with the viscosity ranging from 25 mPa.s to 100 mPa.s;
preparing the welan gum fermentation liquor:
inoculating the cryopreserved gram-negative bacteria Sphingomonas sp. WG with the collection number of M2013161 into a primary seed culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 12-24 hours at 150r/min to obtain primary seed liquid;
inoculating the primary seed liquid into a secondary seed culture medium in an inoculation amount of 1 (15-20) in volume ratio, and culturing for 12-18 hours at 30 ℃ under the condition of 150r/min to obtain a secondary seed liquid;
inoculating the secondary seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium according to the volume ratio of 1:20, and culturing for 24-72 hours at 30 ℃ and 150r/min to obtain the welan gum fermentation liquid.
2. The welan gum fermentation liquor oil displacing system of claim 1, wherein the primary seed culture medium and the secondary seed culture medium are both culture media containing 8-12g/L of sucrose, 0.5-1g/L of yeast extract, 2-8g/L of peptone, 1-2g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5-1g/L of magnesium sulfate; the fermentation culture medium is a culture medium containing 60-80g/L of sucrose, 2-5g/L of yeast extract, 2-5g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1-3g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
3. The welan gum fermentation liquor-polymer compound oil displacement system is characterized by being prepared by the following steps:
diluting the welan gum fermentation liquor by 2-5 times, and adding a polymer into the welan gum fermentation liquor to obtain a welan gum fermentation liquor-polymer compound oil displacement system with the viscosity ranging from 120 to 200 mPa.s;
preparing the welan gum fermentation liquor:
inoculating the cryopreserved gram-negative bacteria Sphingomonas sp. WG with the collection number of M2013161 into a primary seed culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 12-24 hours at 150r/min to obtain primary seed liquid;
inoculating the primary seed liquid into a secondary seed culture medium in an inoculation amount of 1 (15-20) in volume ratio, and culturing for 12-18 hours at 30 ℃ under the condition of 150r/min to obtain a secondary seed liquid;
inoculating the secondary seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium according to the volume ratio of 1:20, and culturing for 24-72 hours at 30 ℃ and 150r/min to obtain the welan gum fermentation liquid.
4. The welan gum fermentation liquor-polymer compound oil displacement system of claim 3, wherein the primary seed culture medium and the secondary seed culture medium are both culture media containing 8-12g/L of sucrose, 0.5-1g/L of yeast extract, 2-8g/L of peptone, 1-2g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5-1g/L of magnesium sulfate; the fermentation culture medium is a culture medium containing 60-80g/L of sucrose, 2-5g/L of yeast extract, 2-5g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1-3g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
5. The welan gum fermentation liquor-polymer compound oil displacing system of claim 3, wherein the polymer is polyacrylamide.
6. The welan gum-polymer compound oil displacement system is characterized by being prepared by the following steps:
compounding a biological oil displacement agent welan gum and a polymer at room temperature to obtain a welan gum-polymer compound oil displacement system with the viscosity ranging from 120 to 200 mPa.s;
preparing welan gum fermentation liquor:
inoculating the cryopreserved gram-negative bacteria Sphingomonas sp. WG with the collection number of M2013161 into a primary seed culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 12-24 hours at 150r/min to obtain primary seed liquid;
inoculating the primary seed liquid into a secondary seed culture medium in an inoculation amount of 1 (15-20) in volume ratio, and culturing for 12-18 hours at 30 ℃ under the condition of 150r/min to obtain a secondary seed liquid;
inoculating the secondary seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium according to the volume ratio of 1:20, and culturing for 24-72 hours at 30 ℃ and 150r/min to obtain welan gum fermentation liquid;
preparing biological oil-displacing agent welan gum:
carrying out alcohol precipitation treatment on the welan gum fermentation liquor, and drying for 24-72 hours to obtain a crude product;
and dissolving the crude product in water, purifying, drying for 24-72 hours, and grinding into powder to obtain the biological oil-displacing agent welan gum.
7. The welan gum-polymer compound oil displacement system of claim 6, wherein the primary seed culture medium and the secondary seed culture medium are both culture media containing 8-12g/L of sucrose, 0.5-1g/L of yeast extract, 2-8g/L of peptone, 1-2g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5-1g/L of magnesium sulfate; the fermentation culture medium is a culture medium containing 60-80g/L of sucrose, 2-5g/L of yeast extract, 2-5g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1-3g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
8. The welan gum-polymer compound oil displacement system of claim 6, wherein the biological oil displacement agent welan gum accounts for 0.02-0.03% by mass of the compound oil displacement system, and the polymer accounts for 0.01-0.03% by mass of the compound oil displacement system.
9. The welan gum-polymer complex flooding system of claim 6, wherein the polymer is polyacrylamide.
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