CN110057580B - Device and method for testing dynamic response characteristics of main shaft of elevator - Google Patents
Device and method for testing dynamic response characteristics of main shaft of elevator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110057580B CN110057580B CN201910311707.7A CN201910311707A CN110057580B CN 110057580 B CN110057580 B CN 110057580B CN 201910311707 A CN201910311707 A CN 201910311707A CN 110057580 B CN110057580 B CN 110057580B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G01M13/028—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing dynamic response characteristics of a main shaft of a hoist, wherein the device comprises a main shaft device, a control cabinet, a remote measuring system, a data acquisition and analysis device and a computer, the main shaft device comprises a main shaft, a rolling bearing and a winding drum, the main shaft is supported by the rolling bearing, an acceleration sensor is arranged on the main shaft and is connected with the remote measuring system, an eddy current displacement sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the rolling bearing, the remote measuring system and the eddy current displacement sensor are both connected with the data acquisition and analysis device, and the data acquisition and analysis device is connected with the computer. The testing method is characterized in that the elevator works, and the eddy current displacement sensor transmits signals to the data acquisition and analysis device; the acceleration sensor transmits the signal to the signal conditioning module, then to the signal receiver and then to the data acquisition and analysis device; the data acquisition and analysis device transmits the data to the computer. The invention provides a theoretical basis for the structure optimization and vibration and noise reduction of the main shaft device of the elevator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a testing device and a testing method for a main shaft of a hoist, in particular to a testing device and a testing method for dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the hoist.
Background
The main shaft device of the mine hoist is an important component of a kilometer deep well large-scale hoist and plays an important role in transmitting power and bearing load. The system not only needs to bear dynamic loads generated by a shaft system under various working conditions, but also needs to bear loads caused by other components in the working process of the elevator, and under the action of the complex loads, abnormal and violent vibration often occurs to the main shaft device of the elevator, sometimes even the components are damaged, so that the equipment cannot normally operate, and the stability and the safety of the elevator system are seriously threatened.
The development of metal and coal mining in China gradually goes to the ultra-deep direction, so that the static load borne by a main shaft device of a mine hoist is larger and larger, the dynamic load is more and more complex, and higher requirements on stability and safety are provided. However, so far, the bending-torsional coupling nonlinear dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft device of the hoist under the action of unbalanced force, rolling bearing supporting force, friction force of the brake, load applied by the rope and the like, especially the influence rule of system parameters on the dynamic response characteristics and stability of the main shaft device, has not been fully grasped. Therefore, the method has important significance for improving the safety production of the kilometer deep well large-scale hoisting system in China, has application value for improving the economic and social benefits of the structural design and manufacturing industry of the kilometer deep well large-scale hoisting machine main shaft device, and has important scientific significance for the research on the dynamic characteristics and the structural design of the rotating shaft system existing in other equipment.
At present, most of rotating mechanical vibration signals are measured by a non-contact displacement measuring system, an eddy current displacement sensor is commonly used for measuring, but the eddy current displacement sensor is not sensitive to high-frequency signals and is difficult to accurately measure, and although an acceleration sensor is sensitive to the high-frequency signals, non-contact measurement is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device for testing the dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the elevator through non-contact measurement, and the invention also aims to provide a method for testing the dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the elevator through non-contact measurement.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a device for testing the dynamic response characteristic of a main shaft of a hoist, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a main shaft device, a control cabinet, a remote measuring system, a data acquisition and analysis device and a computer, wherein the control cabinet is used for controlling the operation and rotation of the elevator, the main shaft device comprises a main shaft, a rolling bearing and a winding drum, the main shaft is supported by the rolling bearing, an acceleration sensor used for measuring transverse bending and torsional vibration is arranged on the main shaft, the acceleration sensor is connected with the remote measuring system, an eddy current displacement sensor used for measuring vibration displacement and an axis track is arranged on the outer surface of the rolling bearing, the remote measuring system and the eddy current displacement sensor are connected with the data acquisition and analysis device, the data acquisition and analysis device is connected with the computer, and each path of response signals are acquired and analyzed to obtain the vibration response characteristics of the elevator main shaft under different.
The remote measuring system comprises a power supply, a power supply generator, a signal receiver, a signal pickup device, a transmitting module, a signal conditioning module, an encoder and a signal induction coil, wherein the acceleration sensor transmits signals to the signal conditioning module, the transmitting module transmits the signals to the signal pickup device through the signal induction coil after the signals are processed by the encoder, the signal pickup device transmits the signals to the signal receiver, and the signal receiver transmits the signals to the data acquisition and analysis device. The distance between the signal induction coil and the signal pickup device is 3-100 mm, the distance between the signal induction coil and the power supply generator is 3-10 mm, and the accuracy of remote measurement is affected by too close distance or too far distance.
The signal measured by the electric eddy displacement sensor is amplified by the electric eddy preamplifier and then transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis device. The eddy current displacement sensors are respectively arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the number of the eddy current displacement sensors is two or 4, the eddy current displacement sensors in the vertical direction are used for measuring displacement signals and axis tracks of the rotor system in the vertical direction, and the eddy current displacement sensors in the horizontal direction are used for measuring displacement signals and axis tracks of the rotor system in the horizontal direction. The eddy current displacement sensor is fixed on the outer surface of the rolling bearing through the magnetic seat.
The acceleration sensor is reinforced on the main shaft through glue or an adhesive tape, so that the acceleration sensor is prevented from loosening in the running process, signals in the vertical direction of the acceleration sensor are used for measuring transverse bending vibration of the main shaft, signals in the horizontal direction are used for measuring tangential vibration on two sides of the main shaft, the two tangential vibration signals are subjected to subtraction operation to offset the influence of the bending vibration signals, and vibration signals in the torsion direction of the main shaft are obtained. The main shaft is connected with the motor through the coupler, the motor drives the main shaft to operate, and the motor is connected with the motor supporting seat through the foundation bolt. The winding drum is fixedly connected with the main shaft, brake discs are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the winding drum, a spigot is arranged on each brake disc, and each brake disc is sleeved at the end of the winding drum through the spigot and fixed through bolts. The brake disc is of a split butt joint structure, the brake disc is connected with the butt joint part through the connecting plate and the bolt in a welding mode, split transportation and field installation of the brake disc can be achieved, and the bolt can be screwed down only by using a torque wrench according to a certain screwing torque during installation. When the brake disc is replaced, the original brake disc is completely detached, and a new disc is replaced, so that the installation period is greatly shortened. The rolling bearing is arranged on the bearing support seat, and the bearing support seat is fixed on the rigid surface through a bolt.
Parameters displayed on the interface of the control cabinet comprise excitation voltage, current, power, the rotation speed of the main shaft and the like, so that a user can monitor the operation condition of the main shaft device of the elevator at any time, a power supply supplies power to the control cabinet through a power supply generator with the frequency of 30-60 Hz, the power supply and the signal pickup are realized through electromagnetic induction, and therefore other electromagnetic fields are avoided in an electromagnetic induction area to ensure the reality and stability of the picked signal.
The testing method of the device comprises the following steps: the main shaft device of the hoister works; the eddy current displacement sensor transmits the vibration signal to an eddy current preamplifier and then transmits the vibration signal to a data acquisition and analysis device; the acceleration sensor transmits the vibration signal to the signal conditioning module, the signal is transmitted to the signal receiver by the transmitting module and the signal pickup device after being processed by the encoder, and then the signal is transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis device; the data acquisition and analysis device transmits data to the computer, and the vibration response characteristics of the main shaft device of the lifting machine under different working conditions are obtained by matching with software in the computer.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable characteristics: establishing a bending-torsion coupling nonlinear dynamic model of the main shaft device of the kilometer deep well large-scale crane, revealing the influence and stability evolution rule of system parameters such as load, rotation speed, support rigidity, membrane thickness ratio and the like on the dynamic characteristics of the system, and providing a theoretical basis for the structure optimization and vibration and noise reduction of the main shaft device of the kilometer deep well large-scale crane; non-contact measurement is achieved by a telemetry system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the telemetry system 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a working principle diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a control cabinet 2 controls the operation of the whole elevator system, a motor 105 of a main shaft device 1 is fixedly connected with a motor support seat 107 through an anchor bolt 106 and is connected with a main shaft 101 through a coupler 104 to drive the main shaft device 1 of the elevator to rotate, the main shaft 101 is supported by two rolling bearings 102, the rolling bearings 102 are installed on a bearing support seat 110, the bearing support seat 110 is fixed on a cement ground through bolts, an acceleration sensor 6 is installed on the main shaft 101 at the right end of the left rolling bearing 102, the acceleration sensor 6 is adhered to the main shaft 101 and fixed through glue or adhesive tape, an eddy current displacement sensor 7 is arranged on the shell of the rolling bearing 102 and fixed on a test bench through a magnetic seat for measuring a transverse vibration signal of a rotor system of the main shaft device 1, a power supply 301 supplies power to other hardware through a power supply generator 302 with, the supply of the power source 301 and the signal pickup are both achieved by electromagnetic induction, so that other electromagnetic fields should be avoided in the electromagnetic induction area to ensure the true and stable signal pickup. The winding drum 103 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 101, brake discs 108 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the winding drum 103, a spigot is arranged on each brake disc 108, and each brake disc 108 is sleeved at the end of the winding drum 103 through the spigot and is fixed through bolts. The brake disc 108 is a split butt structure, and is connected by a connecting plate 109 and a bolt at the butt joint by welding. The rolling bearing 102 is mounted on a bearing support base 110, and the bearing support base 110 is fixed to a rigid surface by bolts. Parameters displayed on the interface of the control cabinet 2 include excitation voltage, current, power, and spindle rotation speed, so that a user can constantly monitor the operation of the hoist spindle assembly.
Referring to fig. 2, the telemetry system 3 includes a power supply 301, a power generator 302, a signal receiver 303, a signal pickup 304, a transmitting module 305, a signal conditioning module 306, an encoder 307, and a signal induction coil 308, wherein the distance between the signal induction coil 308 and the signal pickup 304 is 3-100 mm, the distance between the signal induction coil 308 and the power generator 302 is 3-10 mm, and the accuracy of telemetry is affected by too far distance.
The working principle of the invention is shown in figure 3, a transverse vibration signal of a rotor system of a spindle device 1 is measured by an eddy current displacement sensor 7, and the transverse vibration signal obtained by measurement is amplified by an eddy current preamplifier 8 and then is transmitted to a data acquisition and analysis device 4 by a low-noise cable. The acceleration sensor 6 transmits the vibration signal of the main shaft 101 to the signal conditioning module 306, and the signal is transmitted to the signal receiver 303 by the transmitting module 305 and the signal pickup 304 after being processed by the encoder 307. The data acquisition and analysis device 4 acquires and analyzes the response signals of each path, and the vibration response characteristics of the main shaft device 1 of the elevator under different working conditions are obtained by matching with software in the computer 5.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a lifting machine main shaft dynamic response characteristic testing arrangement which characterized in that: comprises a main shaft device (1), a control cabinet (2), a remote measuring system (3), a data acquisition and analysis device (4) and a computer (5), the control cabinet (2) is used for controlling the operation and rotation of the hoister, the spindle device (1) comprises a spindle (101), a rolling bearing (102) and a winding drum (103), the main shaft (101) is supported by a rolling bearing (102), an acceleration sensor (6) for measuring transverse bending and tangential vibration is arranged on the main shaft (101), the acceleration sensor (6) is connected with the telemetering system (3), the outer surface of the rolling bearing (102) is provided with an eddy current displacement sensor (7) for measuring vibration displacement and axis locus, the remote measuring system (3) and the eddy current displacement sensor (7) are both connected with a data acquisition and analysis device (4), and the data acquisition and analysis device (4) is connected with a computer (5);
the telemetry system (3) comprises a power supply (301), a power generator (302), a signal receiver (303), a signal pickup (304), a transmitting module (305), a signal conditioning module (306), an encoder (307) and a signal induction coil (308); the spindle device (1) works; the electric eddy current displacement sensor (7) transmits a vibration signal to an electric eddy current preamplifier (8) and then transmits the vibration signal to the data acquisition and analysis device (4); the acceleration sensor (6) transmits signals to a signal conditioning module (306), the signals are transmitted to a signal pickup device (304) by a transmitting module (305) through a signal induction coil (308) after being processed by an encoder (307), the signal pickup device (304) transmits the signals to a signal receiver (303), and the signal receiver (303) transmits the signals to a data acquisition and analysis device (4); the data acquisition and analysis device (4) transmits data to a computer.
2. The device for testing the dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the signal induction coil (308) and the signal pickup device (304) is 3-100 mm, and the distance between the signal induction coil (308) and the power supply generator (302) is 3-10 mm.
3. The device for testing the dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the eddy current displacement sensors (7) are respectively arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
4. The device for testing the dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the eddy current displacement sensor (7) is fixed on the outer surface of the rolling bearing (102) through a magnetic seat.
5. The device for testing the dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the acceleration sensor (6) is reinforced on the main shaft (101) through glue or adhesive tape.
6. The device for testing the dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the main shaft (101) is connected with a motor (105) through a coupler (104), and the motor (105) is connected with a motor supporting seat (107) through an anchor bolt (106).
7. The device for testing the dynamic response characteristics of the main shaft of the elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: reel (103) and main shaft (101) fixed connection, reel (103) both ends symmetry is equipped with brake disc (108), be equipped with the tang on brake disc (108), the brake disc passes through the tang cover and fixes at reel (103) tip and through the bolt.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910311707.7A CN110057580B (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | Device and method for testing dynamic response characteristics of main shaft of elevator |
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| CN201910311707.7A CN110057580B (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | Device and method for testing dynamic response characteristics of main shaft of elevator |
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| CN110057580A CN110057580A (en) | 2019-07-26 |
| CN110057580B true CN110057580B (en) | 2020-09-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110307974B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-05 | 朱福栋 | Detection equipment for computer heat dissipation motor spindle |
| CN113107834B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-04-29 | 浙江大学 | Non-invasive axial plunger pump cylinder dynamic characteristic measuring method |
| CN113720606A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-30 | 湖南工程学院 | Tool for designing shafting of direct-drive permanent magnet wind turbine generator and design method |
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