CN110057410B - Method and device for measuring and calculating pollutant production of daily domestic sewage of per capita - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring and calculating pollutant production of daily domestic sewage of per capita Download PDFInfo
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- CN110057410B CN110057410B CN201910329149.7A CN201910329149A CN110057410B CN 110057410 B CN110057410 B CN 110057410B CN 201910329149 A CN201910329149 A CN 201910329149A CN 110057410 B CN110057410 B CN 110057410B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
Abstract
The invention provides an integrated device for measuring and calculating the pollutant production of daily domestic sewage of everyone, which comprises: the system comprises a collecting, metering and sampling system, a residential personnel flow monitoring system and a data processing platform system, wherein the collecting, metering and sampling system and the residential personnel flow monitoring system are respectively connected with the data processing platform system through a network; the collecting, metering and sampling system is used for collecting and sampling domestic sewage generated in one period of a building monitoring period in different periods, and transmitting water quantity and time node data in different periods to the data processing platform system; the residential personnel flow monitoring system is used for monitoring the number and time of personnel entering and exiting the building and transmitting the personnel to the data processing platform system; and the data processing platform system calculates the pollutant production of the daily domestic sewage of the average population. The invention also provides a method for measuring and calculating the pollutant generation amount of the daily domestic sewage of the samson, and the method has the advantages of scientific measurement and calculation method, accurate measurement and calculation result and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring and calculating the generation amount of daily domestic sewage pollutants.
Background
The per-person equivalent of the domestic sewage pollutants of the residents, namely the amount of the pollutants generated by each person of the urban residents and discharged through sewage every day, is an important basic index for sewage treatment engineering design and operation management, and has important guidance and support effects on improving the sewage treatment engineering design and the industry management level.
In recent years, the sewage treatment industry of cities and towns in China is rapidly developed and comprehensively popularized, and as statistics shows, about 9 months in 2018, 4306 seats of sewage treatment plants are cumulatively built in cities and towns in China, and the sewage treatment capacity reaches 1.93 billion cubic meters per day. With the continuous improvement of the coverage of urban sewage treatment facilities, the sewage treatment engineering design and the industry management are changed from extensive development to fine development, and the requirements on the accuracy and precision of basic data such as the generation amount of domestic sewage pollutants of the population and the like are higher and higher.
At the present stage, the equivalent amount of the domestic sewage pollutants adopted in the design of China mostly refers to developed national data or estimation of experience values of the existing sewage plants, relatively more authoritative data is derived from 'life-source sewage pollutant generation coefficient' published by the national environmental science research institute of south China, the 2010 ecological environment department, which is nearly 10 years ago, and the consideration on the domestic habits and living standards at the present stage is lacked.
The traditional residential domestic sewage pollutant per-person equivalent testing method mainly comprises a residential district total discharge outlet testing algorithm and a residential discharge tracking testing algorithm, and the two testing methods have certain disadvantages. The total drainage port measurement algorithm of the community takes the community as a measurement and calculation unit, transient samples or 24h mixed samples are taken to measure the concentration of pollutants, the drainage amount and the drainage population are estimated, and the per-capita pollutant discharge amount is further obtained. The resident emission tracking method is to track and collect the pollutant emission situation all day by taking individual personnel as a measuring and calculating unit. Although the method eliminates the errors of the demographics, the method can only measure and calculate the pollutant discharge amount of excrement and urine, lacks the statistics of the sewage discharge amount generated in the processes of catering, washing and the like, and has obvious differences among different individuals.
Therefore, in order to scientifically and accurately measure and calculate the actual generation amount of the domestic sewage pollutants of residents, the actual problem to be solved by the current industry is urgent to develop the device and the method for measuring and calculating the generation amount of the domestic sewage pollutants of the per capita everyday life, which have the advantages of scientific measuring and calculating method, simple and convenient operation process, high automation degree and convenience in popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides an integrated device and a method for measuring and calculating the generation amount of the daily domestic sewage pollutants, and solves the problems that the traditional method for measuring and calculating the generation amount of the daily domestic sewage pollutants is not standard, the result is not accurate and the like. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an integrated device for measuring and calculating the pollutant production of human-average daily domestic sewage comprises: the system comprises a collecting, metering and sampling system, a residential personnel flow monitoring system and a data processing platform system, wherein the collecting, metering and sampling system and the residential personnel flow monitoring system are respectively connected with the data processing platform system through a network;
the collecting, metering and sampling system is used for collecting and sampling domestic sewage generated in one period of a building monitoring period in different periods, and transmitting water quantity and time node data in different periods to the data processing platform system; the collecting, metering and sampling system comprises a collecting and sampling device and an automatic control device which are connected;
the residential personnel flow monitoring system is used for monitoring the number and time of personnel entering and exiting the building and transmitting the personnel to the data processing platform system;
and the data processing platform system calculates the daily domestic sewage pollutant output of the average person according to the data fed back by the collecting, metering and sampling system and the residential personnel flow monitoring system.
Furthermore, the data processing platform system carries out subsection correspondence to the time of the entering and exiting personnel transmitted by the residential personnel flow monitoring system according to sampling time nodes of all time periods transmitted by the collecting, metering and sampling system, and calculates the population equivalent of all the time periods, wherein the population equivalent of a certain time period is calculated by adding the newly added population equivalent of the time period to the population number at the end of the last time period and subtracting the reduced population equivalent of the time period, the population equivalent increased by the certain time period is calculated by adding the entering population number of the last time period to the entering population number of the last time period and subtracting the leaving population number of the last time period, the population equivalent increased by the certain time period is calculated by dividing the entering time length of all the accumulated personnel by the total time length of the corresponding time period, the entering time length is the accumulated time length when the personnel enter the time period, and the reduced population equivalent is calculated by dividing the leaving time length, the leaving time is the accumulated time from the leaving of the personnel to the end of the time period, and the population number in the initial time period is determined by the household investigation when the residential personnel flow monitoring system is started.
Further, the collecting and sampling device comprises: the system comprises a water storage regulating tank, a sewage collecting and metering tank, a water inlet valve, a water outlet valve of the water storage regulating tank, a stirrer, a continuous automatic sampler, an automatic liquid level meter, a water outlet valve, an overflow pipeline and an overflow monitoring instrument;
the water storage adjusting tank is arranged above the sewage collecting and metering tank; the water outlet at the bottom of the water storage adjusting tank is connected with the top of the sewage collecting and metering tank through a pipeline; a water outlet valve of the water storage adjusting tank is arranged on a pipeline between the water storage adjusting tank and the sewage collecting and metering tank;
one end of the water inlet valve is connected with a domestic sewage discharge pipeline of the residential building, and the other end of the water inlet valve is connected with a water outlet at the bottom of the water storage regulating pool and the upper end of a water outlet valve of the water storage regulating pool through pipelines;
the upper part of the water storage regulating pool is provided with an overflow port which is connected with a sewer through an overflow pipeline; an overflow monitoring instrument is arranged on the overflow pipeline;
the sewage collecting and metering pool is provided with a stirrer, a continuous automatic sampler and an automatic liquid level meter;
a water outlet at the bottom of the sewage collecting and metering pool is connected with one end of a water outlet valve through a pipeline, and the other end of the water outlet valve is connected with a sewer through a pipeline;
the automatic control device is respectively connected with the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve of the water storage adjusting tank, the water outlet valve, the stirrer, the continuous automatic sampler, the automatic liquid level meter and the overflow monitoring instrument.
Preferably, a crushing device is arranged on one side, close to the water inlet valve, of a pipeline, of the other end of the water inlet valve, leading to the water outlet valve of the water storage regulating reservoir; the crushing device is connected with and controlled by an automatic control device.
Preferably, the domestic sewage discharge pipeline of the residential building before the water inlet valve is connected with a sewer through an overtaking pipeline, and the overtaking pipeline control valve is arranged on the overtaking pipeline; the override pipeline control valve is connected with and controlled by an automatic control device.
Preferably, the top of the water storage adjusting tank is provided with a water storage adjusting tank exhaust hole, the top of the sewage collection and measurement tank is provided with a sewage collection and measurement tank exhaust hole, and the water storage adjusting tank exhaust hole and the sewage collection and measurement tank exhaust hole are respectively connected with a deodorization device through pipelines.
Further, the automatic control device can set the control parameters and control conditions of the sampling program;
the control parameters of the sampling procedure were: the highest operation liquid level, the lowest operation liquid level and the set water inlet time; the operation liquid level refers to the operation liquid level in the sewage collecting and metering pool;
the control conditions of the sampling procedure were: starting a sampling program when the water inlet time set by the automatic control device is reached and the liquid level exceeds the lowest operating liquid level; when the set water inlet time is exceeded and the lowest operation liquid level is not reached, the sampling program is started until the lowest operation liquid level is reached; and starting a sampling program when the water inlet time is less than the set water inlet time, 50 percent of the liquid level reaches the maximum operation liquid level of 80 percent.
A method for measuring and calculating the pollutant generation amount of daily domestic sewage of a samshu comprises the following steps:
a. the automatic control device is started, the water outlet valve is closed, the water outlet valve of the water storage regulating pool is opened, when a program is started in an initial period, the overrunning pipeline control valve is also closed, the water inlet valve and the crushing grid are opened, water inflow is started, the residential personnel flow monitoring system synchronously monitors the number and time of people entering and exiting the building, the number of people in the building is monitored when the initial period is determined according to a household survey and the number of people entering the building is input into the data processing platform system;
b. step a, an automatic liquid level meter uploads liquid level data to an automatic control device in real time in the water inlet process, when a set control condition is reached, a water outlet valve of a water storage regulating pool is automatically closed, an overflow monitoring instrument is opened, water inlet in a period is finished, time nodes in the period and collected water volume data are synchronously transmitted to a data processing platform system, the data processing platform system calculates the population equivalent in the period according to the number and time of inlet and outlet personnel transmitted by a residential personnel flow monitoring system, and if a sewage overflow is monitored by the water storage regulating pool overflow monitoring instrument in the sampling process, the test period is abandoned;
c. b, entering a sampling program after water inflow in a period of time is finished, automatically starting a stirrer to run for a plurality of minutes, starting a continuous automatic sampler, sampling for a plurality of minutes, testing the water quality of the sample after sampling, inputting a test result into a data processing platform system, calculating the pollutant generation amount of each period of time according to the product of the water quantity transmitted by a collecting and measuring and sampling system and the water quality pollutant concentration of the sampling test by the data processing platform system, calculating the per-capita pollutant generation amount of each period of time by dividing the pollutant generation amount of each period of time by the population equivalent of the corresponding period of time, and calculating the per-capita water displacement of each period of time by dividing the water displacement of each period of;
d. c, after the sampling in the step c is finished, automatically opening a water outlet valve, then closing the stirrer, after the emptying is finished, closing the water outlet valve, opening a water outlet valve of the water storage regulating pool, and continuing the work flow of the next time period;
e. after sampling in one period is finished, the overrunning pipeline control valve is automatically opened, other facilities and equipment related to sampling are closed, the test period is finished, the data processing platform system sums the production quantity of the per-capita pollutants in each period to obtain the production quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage pollutants, and sums the per-capita drainage quantity in each period to obtain the discharge quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage.
The set control conditions include:
starting a sampling program when the water inlet time set by the automatic control device is reached and the liquid level exceeds the lowest operating liquid level; when the set water inlet time is exceeded and the lowest operation liquid level is not reached, the sampling program is started until the lowest operation liquid level is reached; and starting a sampling program when the water inlet time is less than the set water inlet time, 50 percent of the liquid level reaches the maximum operation liquid level of 80 percent.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the domestic sewage generated in one day (24 h) of building monitoring can be collected in different time intervals, the drainage population equivalent is accurately counted, the measurement and calculation result can be directly obtained through the data processing platform, and the method has the advantages of being scientific in measurement and calculation method, accurate in measurement and calculation result and the like.
2) The method for measuring and calculating the daily living pollutant generation amount of people is optimized, the monitoring building is used as a test unit, the influence of sewage leakage and personnel fluctuation in a cell can be avoided, the pollutant generation amount and the population equivalent in any time period are used for measuring and calculating the daily pollutant generation amount, the personnel flow problem can be avoided, and the measurement error of one-day sampling or one-time sampling is replaced by a time-sharing sampling measurement mode, so that the accuracy of the result is effectively improved.
3) The collecting, sampling and metering system is controlled by the automatic control device, so that full-automatic collection and sampling of monitoring of the building sewage can be realized, the automation degree is high, and the operation is convenient.
4) The residential staff flow monitoring system can monitor the number of people entering and leaving the residential building in real time and time, and accurate statistics of the equivalent of drainage population is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an integrated device for measuring and calculating the amount of pollutants generated in daily domestic sewage, comprising: the system comprises a collecting, metering and sampling system 1, a residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 and a data processing platform system 3, wherein the collecting, metering and sampling system 1 and the residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 are respectively connected with the data processing platform system 3 through a network;
the collecting, metering and sampling system 1 is used for collecting and sampling domestic sewage generated in one period (set to be 24 h) of a monitored building in different time periods, and transmitting water quantity and time node data of each time period to the data processing platform system 3;
the residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 is used for monitoring the number and time of personnel entering and exiting the building and transmitting the number and time to the data processing platform system 3;
and the data processing platform system 3 calculates the daily domestic sewage pollutant production amount of the per capita according to the data fed back by the collecting, metering and sampling system 1 and the residential personnel flow monitoring system 2.
The collecting, metering and sampling system 1 comprises a collecting and sampling device 4 and an automatic control device 5 which are connected; wherein the automatic control device 5 comprises a PLC controller; the automatic control device 5 is connected with the data processing platform system 3;
the collection and sampling device 4 includes: the device comprises a water storage adjusting tank 6, a sewage collecting and metering tank 7, a deodorizing device 8, a water inlet valve 9, a crushing grid 10, a water outlet valve 11 of the water storage adjusting tank, a stirrer 12, a continuous automatic sampler 13, an automatic liquid level meter 14, a water outlet valve 15, an override pipeline control valve 16, an override pipeline 17, an overflow port 18, an overflow pipeline 19, an overflow monitoring instrument 20, a water storage adjusting tank exhaust hole 21 and a sewage collecting and metering tank exhaust hole 22;
the collecting and sampling device 4 is respectively connected with a residential building domestic sewage discharge pipeline 23 and a sewer 24;
the water storage adjusting tank 6 is arranged above the sewage collecting and metering tank 7; the water outlet at the bottom of the water storage adjusting tank 6 is connected with the top of the sewage collecting and metering tank 7 through a pipeline; a water outlet valve 11 of the water storage adjusting tank is arranged on a pipeline between the water storage adjusting tank 6 and the sewage collecting and metering tank 7;
one end of the water inlet valve 9 is connected with a domestic sewage discharge pipeline 23 of the residential building, and the other end is connected with a water outlet at the bottom of the water storage regulating pool 6 and the upper end of a water outlet valve 11 of the water storage regulating pool through pipelines;
preferably, a comminuted grille 10 is arranged on one side, close to the water inlet valve 9, of a pipeline leading from the other end of the water inlet valve 9 to the water outlet valve 11 of the impoundment regulating reservoir;
the upper part of the water storage regulating pool 6 is provided with an overflow port 18, and the overflow port 18 is connected with a sewer 24 through an overflow pipeline 19; an overflow monitoring instrument 20 is arranged on the overflow pipeline 19;
the sewage collecting and metering pool 7 is provided with a stirrer 12, a continuous automatic sampler 13 and an automatic liquid level meter 14;
a water outlet at the bottom of the sewage collecting and metering pool 7 is connected with one end of a water outlet valve 15 through a pipeline, and the other end of the water outlet valve 15 is connected with a sewer 24 through a pipeline;
preferably, a domestic sewage discharge pipeline 23 of the residential building before the water inlet valve 9 is connected with a sewer 24 through an overtaking pipeline 17, and an overtaking pipeline control valve 16 is arranged on the overtaking pipeline 17;
preferably, the top of the water storage adjusting tank 6 is provided with a water storage adjusting tank vent hole 21, the top of the sewage collection and measurement tank 7 is provided with a sewage collection and measurement tank vent hole 22, and the water storage adjusting tank vent hole 21 and the sewage collection and measurement tank vent hole 22 are respectively connected with the deodorization device 8 through pipelines;
the automatic control device 5 is respectively connected with a water inlet valve 9, a water outlet valve 11 of a water storage adjusting tank, a water outlet valve 15, an override pipeline control valve 16, a crushing grid 10, a stirrer 12, a continuous automatic sampler 13, an automatic liquid level meter 14 and an overflow monitoring instrument 20;
the automatic control device 5 mainly comprises a PLC, and can control the opening and closing states of each controlled component in the collecting and sampling device 4, such as each valve, the stirrer 12 and the like, and set the control parameters and control conditions of a sampling program;
the volume of the collecting and sampling device 4 is determined according to the maximum water discharge of 10L/(p.h) of the number of people living in the residential building, the sewage retention time of the water storage adjusting tank 6 is designed according to 20 min, and the sewage retention time of the sewage collecting and metering tank 7 is designed according to 90 min;
the bottom of the water storage adjusting pool 6 is designed according to a funnel-shaped structure, water is discharged from the upper part or the middle part, and a top cover is arranged at the top;
the sewage collecting and metering tank 7 is designed into a cylindrical structure, and the top of the sewage collecting and metering tank is provided with a top cover;
the continuous automatic sampler 13 needs to be provided with 24 independent sampling bottles with refrigeration function, and the volume of each sampling bottle is not less than 1000 mL; the continuous auto-sampler 13 is not the focus of the present invention and therefore the description is omitted;
the residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 can adopt a system combining a video monitoring device and a human body image recognition device, or a radar detection module is installed in front of a building to detect personnel entering and exiting;
the control parameters of the sampling program that can be set by the automatic control device 5 are: the highest operation liquid level, the lowest operation liquid level and the set water inlet time; the operation liquid level refers to the operation liquid level in the sewage collecting and metering pool 7;
the control conditions of the sampling procedure were: when the water inlet time set by the automatic control device 5 is reached and the liquid level exceeds the lowest operation liquid level, starting a sampling program; when the set water inlet time is exceeded and the lowest operation liquid level is not reached, the sampling program is started until the lowest operation liquid level is reached; starting a sampling program when the water inlet time is less than the set water inlet time, 50 percent of the liquid level reaches the highest operation liquid level of 80 percent; the latter two conditions are used for setting forced starting time for solving the problems of water consumption peak and low ebb;
the water quality index of the sampling assay may include CODCr、BOD5、NH3N, TP, TN, also one or several of them;
the data processing platform system 3 corresponds the time of the entering and exiting personnel transmitted by the residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 in a segmented manner according to sampling time nodes of each time period transmitted by the collecting, metering and sampling system 1, and calculates the population equivalent of each time period, wherein the population equivalent of a certain time period is calculated by subtracting the population equivalent of the time period from the population added when the last time period ends, the population subtracted when the last time period ends, the population added when the last time period ends is calculated by adding the population of the last time period to the population of the entering time period and subtracting the population of the leaving time period, the population equivalent added in a certain time period is calculated by dividing the total time length of the entering time length of all the accumulated personnel by the total time length of the corresponding time period, the entering time length is the accumulated time length when the personnel enter the time period to the end, the reduced population equivalent is calculated by dividing the total time length of all the leaving personnel by the total time length of the corresponding time period, the population number of the initial period is determined by an in-house investigation when the residential staff flow monitoring system is started;
the first embodiment is as follows: a method for measuring and calculating the pollutant generation amount of daily domestic sewage of a samshu comprises the following steps:
a. the state of each device is ready, the automatic control device 5 is started, the water outlet valve 15 is closed, the water outlet valve 11 of the water storage regulating pool is opened, when the program is started in the initial period, the override pipeline control valve 16 is also closed, the water inlet valve 9 and the comminuted grille 10 are opened, water inflow is started, the residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 synchronously monitors the number and time of people entering and exiting, the number and time of people entering and exiting are transmitted to the data processing platform system 3, the number of people in the building is monitored when the initial period starts to enter water according to the household survey, and the data processing platform system 3 is recorded;
b. step a, an automatic liquid level meter 14 uploads liquid level data to an automatic control device 3 in real time in the water inlet process, the water inlet time set by the automatic control device is reached, the operating liquid level exceeds the lowest operating liquid level, a water outlet valve 11 of a water storage regulating tank is automatically closed, an overflow monitoring instrument 20 is opened, water inlet in a period is finished, time nodes and collected water quantity data in the period are synchronously transmitted to a data processing platform system 3, the data processing platform system 3 calculates the population equivalent in the period according to the number and time of inlet and outlet personnel transmitted by a residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 according to the time node data, and if the overflow of sewage is monitored by the water storage regulating tank overflow monitoring instrument 20 in the sampling process, the testing period is abandoned;
note that the time periods in the present invention are dynamic, with the duration of one time period being different for each of the three control conditions;
the amount of water collected can be obtained from the level data of the automatic level meter 14;
c. b, entering a sampling program after water inflow in a period of time is finished, automatically starting a stirrer 12 to run for 3-5 min, starting a continuous automatic sampler 13, sampling for 3 min, performing water quality test on a sample after sampling, inputting a test result into a data processing platform system 3, calculating the pollutant generation amount of each period of time by the data processing platform system 3 according to the product of the water quantity transmitted by a collecting and measuring and sampling system 1 and the water quality pollutant concentration of the sampling test, calculating the per-capita pollutant generation amount of each period of time by dividing the pollutant generation amount of each period of time by the population equivalent of the corresponding period of time, and calculating the per-capita water discharge amount of each period of time by dividing the water discharge amount of each period of time by the;
d. c, after the sampling in the step c is finished, automatically opening a water outlet valve 15, then closing the stirrer 12, after the emptying is finished, closing the water outlet valve 15, opening a water outlet valve 11 of the water storage regulating pool, and continuing the work flow of the next time period;
after the water outlet valve 11 of the water storage adjusting tank is opened, the temporarily stored sewage in the time period can flow into the sewage collecting and metering tank 7, so that the water quantity in the next time period can be conveniently counted;
e. after the sampling in one period (24 h) is finished, automatically opening the override pipeline control valve 16, and closing other sampling-related facilities and equipment, such as a water inlet valve 9, a crushing grid 10, a water outlet valve 11 of a reservoir adjusting tank, a stirrer 12, a continuous automatic sampler 13, an automatic liquid level meter 14, a water outlet valve 15 and the like; after the test period is finished, the data processing platform system 3 sums the production quantity of the per-capita pollutants in each time period to obtain the production quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage pollutants, and sums the per-capita drainage quantity in each time period to obtain the discharge quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage.
Example two: a method for measuring and calculating the pollutant generation amount of daily domestic sewage of a samshu comprises the following steps:
a. the state of each device is ready, the automatic control device 5 is started, the water outlet valve 15 is closed, the water outlet valve 11 of the water storage regulating pool is opened, when the program is started in the initial period, the override pipeline control valve 16 is also closed, the water inlet valve 9 and the comminuted grille 10 are opened, water inflow is started, the residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 synchronously monitors the number and time of people entering and exiting, the number and time of people entering and exiting are transmitted to the data processing platform system 3, the number of people in the building is monitored when the initial period starts to enter water according to the household survey, and the data processing platform system 3 is recorded;
b. step a, an automatic liquid level meter 14 uploads liquid level data to an automatic control device 3 in real time in the water inlet process, the set water inlet time of the automatic control device 5 is exceeded, the sampling program is started when the set water inlet time is continued to reach the lowest operation liquid level when the set water inlet time is not reached, a water outlet valve 11 of a water storage regulating pool is automatically closed, an overflow monitoring instrument 20 is opened, water inlet in a period is finished, time nodes and collected water quantity data in the period are synchronously transmitted to a data processing platform system 3, the data processing platform system 3 calculates the population equivalent in the period according to the number and time of inlet and outlet personnel transmitted by a resident personnel flow monitoring system 2 according to the time node data, and if the overflow of sewage is monitored by the water storage regulating pool overflow monitoring instrument 20 in the sampling process;
note that the time periods in the present invention are dynamic, with the duration of one time period being different for each of the three control conditions;
the amount of water collected can be obtained from the level data of the automatic level meter 14;
c. b, entering a sampling program after water inflow in a period of time is finished, automatically starting a stirrer 12 to run for 3-5 min, starting a continuous automatic sampler 13, sampling for 3 min, performing water quality test on a sample after sampling, inputting a test result into a data processing platform system 3, calculating the pollutant generation amount of each period of time by the data processing platform system 3 according to the product of the water quantity transmitted by a collecting and measuring and sampling system 1 and the water quality pollutant concentration of the sampling test, calculating the per-capita pollutant generation amount of each period of time by dividing the pollutant generation amount of each period of time by the population equivalent of the corresponding period of time, and calculating the per-capita water discharge amount of each period of time by dividing the water discharge amount of each period of time by the;
d. c, after the sampling in the step c is finished, automatically opening a water outlet valve 15, then closing the stirrer 12, after the emptying is finished, closing the water outlet valve 15, opening a water outlet valve 11 of the water storage regulating pool, and continuing the work flow of the next time period;
after the water outlet valve 11 of the water storage adjusting tank is opened, the temporarily stored sewage in the time period can flow into the sewage collecting and metering tank 7, so that the water quantity in the next time period can be conveniently counted;
e. after the sampling in one period (24 h) is finished, automatically opening the override pipeline control valve 16, and closing other sampling-related facilities and equipment, such as a water inlet valve 9, a crushing grid 10, a water outlet valve 11 of a reservoir adjusting tank, a stirrer 12, a continuous automatic sampler 13, an automatic liquid level meter 14, a water outlet valve 15 and the like; after the test period is finished, the data processing platform system 3 sums the production quantity of the per-capita pollutants in each time period to obtain the production quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage pollutants, and sums the per-capita drainage quantity in each time period to obtain the discharge quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage.
Example three: a method for measuring and calculating the pollutant generation amount of daily domestic sewage of a samshu comprises the following steps:
a. the state of each device is ready, the automatic control device 5 is started, the water outlet valve 15 is closed, the water outlet valve 11 of the water storage regulating pool is opened, when the program is started in the initial period, the override pipeline control valve 16 is also closed, the water inlet valve 9 and the comminuted grille 10 are opened, water inflow is started, the residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 synchronously monitors the number and time of people entering and exiting, the number and time of people entering and exiting are transmitted to the data processing platform system 3, the number of people in the building is monitored when the initial period starts to enter water according to the household survey, and the data processing platform system 3 is recorded;
b. step a, an automatic liquid level meter 14 uploads liquid level data to an automatic control device 3 in real time in the water inlet process, the water inlet time is less than 50% of the set water inlet time of the automatic control device 5, a sampling program is started when the liquid level reaches 80% of the highest operation liquid level, a water outlet valve 11 of a water storage regulating pool is automatically closed, an overflow monitoring instrument 20 is opened, water inlet in a period is finished, time nodes and collected water quantity data in the period are synchronously transmitted to a data processing platform system 3, the data processing platform system 3 calculates the population equivalent in the period according to the number and time of inlet and outlet personnel transmitted by a residential personnel flow monitoring system 2 according to the time node data, and if the overflow of sewage is monitored by the water storage regulating pool overflow monitoring instrument 20 in the sampling process, the testing;
note that the time periods in the present invention are dynamic, with the duration of one time period being different for each of the three control conditions;
the amount of water collected can be obtained from the level data of the automatic level meter 14;
c. b, entering a sampling program after water inflow in a period of time is finished, automatically starting a stirrer 12 to run for 3-5 min, starting a continuous automatic sampler 13, sampling for 3 min, performing water quality test on a sample after sampling, inputting a test result into a data processing platform system 3, calculating the pollutant generation amount of each period of time by the data processing platform system 3 according to the product of the water quantity transmitted by a collecting and measuring and sampling system 1 and the water quality pollutant concentration of the sampling test, calculating the per-capita pollutant generation amount of each period of time by dividing the pollutant generation amount of each period of time by the population equivalent of the corresponding period of time, and calculating the per-capita water discharge amount of each period of time by dividing the water discharge amount of each period of time by the;
d. c, after the sampling in the step c is finished, automatically opening a water outlet valve 15, then closing the stirrer 12, after the emptying is finished, closing the water outlet valve 15, opening a water outlet valve 11 of the water storage regulating pool, and continuing the work flow of the next time period;
after the water outlet valve 11 of the water storage adjusting tank is opened, the temporarily stored sewage in the time period can flow into the sewage collecting and metering tank 7, so that the water quantity in the next time period can be conveniently counted;
e. after the sampling in one period (24 h) is finished, automatically opening the override pipeline control valve 16, and closing other sampling-related facilities and equipment, such as a water inlet valve 9, a crushing grid 10, a water outlet valve 11 of a reservoir adjusting tank, a stirrer 12, a continuous automatic sampler 13, an automatic liquid level meter 14, a water outlet valve 15 and the like; after the test period is finished, the data processing platform system 3 sums the production quantity of the per-capita pollutants in each time period to obtain the production quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage pollutants, and sums the per-capita drainage quantity in each time period to obtain the discharge quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an integrated device is measured and calculated to per capita daily domestic sewage pollutant production volume which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a collecting, metering and sampling system (1), a residential personnel flow monitoring system (2) and a data processing platform system (3), wherein the collecting, metering and sampling system (1) and the residential personnel flow monitoring system (2) are respectively connected with the data processing platform system (3) through a network;
the collecting, metering and sampling system (1) is used for collecting and sampling all domestic sewage generated in one period of a building monitoring period in different time periods, and transmitting water quantity and time node data in each time period to the data processing platform system (3); the collecting, metering and sampling system (1) comprises a collecting and sampling device (4) and an automatic control device (5) which are connected; the one period is continuous for 24 hours;
the residential personnel flow monitoring system (2) is used for monitoring the number and time of personnel entering and exiting a building and transmitting the number and time to the data processing platform system (3);
the data processing platform system (3) calculates the pollutant production amount of the daily domestic sewage of the average person according to the data fed back by the collecting, metering and sampling system (1) and the residential personnel flow monitoring system (2);
the collection and sampling device (4) comprises: a water storage adjusting tank (6), a sewage collection and metering tank (7), a water inlet valve (9), a water outlet valve (11) of the water storage adjusting tank, a stirrer (12), a continuous automatic sampler (13), an automatic liquid level meter (14), a water outlet valve (15), an overflow pipeline (19) and an overflow monitoring instrument (20);
the water storage adjusting tank (6) is arranged above the sewage collecting and metering tank (7); the water outlet at the bottom of the water storage adjusting tank (6) is connected with the top of the sewage collecting and metering tank (7) through a pipeline; a water outlet valve (11) of the water storage adjusting tank is arranged on a pipeline between the water storage adjusting tank (6) and the sewage collecting and metering tank (7);
one end of the water inlet valve (9) is connected with a domestic sewage discharge pipeline (23) of the residential building, and the other end is connected with a water outlet at the bottom of the water storage adjusting tank (6) and the upper end of a water outlet valve (11) of the water storage adjusting tank through a pipeline;
an overflow port (18) is arranged at the upper part of the water storage regulating pool (6), and the overflow port (18) is connected with a sewer (24) through an overflow pipeline (19); an overflow monitoring instrument (20) is arranged on the overflow pipeline (19);
the sewage collecting and metering pool (7) is provided with a stirrer (12), a continuous automatic sampler (13) and an automatic liquid level meter (14);
a water outlet at the bottom of the sewage collecting and metering pool (7) is connected with one end of a water outlet valve (15) through a pipeline, and the other end of the water outlet valve (15) is connected with a sewer (24) through a pipeline;
the automatic control device (5) is respectively connected with the water inlet valve (9), the water outlet valve (11) of the water storage adjusting pool, the water outlet valve (15), the stirrer (12), the continuous automatic sampler (13), the automatic liquid level meter (14) and the overflow monitoring instrument (20).
2. The integrated apparatus for measuring and calculating pollutant generation amount in homo-daily life sewage according to claim 1,
the data processing platform system (3) carries out subsection correspondence on the time of the persons entering and leaving the residential staff flow monitoring system (2) according to sampling time nodes of all time periods transmitted by the collecting, metering and sampling system (1), and calculates the population equivalent of all the time periods, wherein the population equivalent of a certain time period is calculated by subtracting the population equivalent of the time period from the population number at the end of the previous time period plus the newly-added population equivalent of the time period minus the population equivalent of the time period, the population number at the end of the previous time period is calculated by adding the population number at the beginning of the previous time period plus the entering population number at the last time period minus the leaving population number at the last time period, the population equivalent increased by a certain time period is calculated by dividing the total time length of the corresponding time period by the entering time length of all the persons, the entering time length is the accumulated time length from the person entering the time period to the end of the time period, the leaving time is the accumulated time from the leaving of the personnel to the end of the time period, and the population number in the initial time period is determined by the household investigation when the residential personnel flow monitoring system is started.
3. The integrated apparatus for measuring and calculating pollutant generation amount in homo-daily life sewage according to claim 1,
a crushing device is arranged on one side, close to the water inlet valve (9), of a pipeline leading from the other end of the water inlet valve (9) to the water outlet valve (11) of the water storage regulating reservoir; the crushing device is connected with and controlled by an automatic control device (5).
4. The integrated apparatus for measuring and calculating pollutant generation amount in homo-daily life sewage according to claim 3,
a domestic sewage discharge pipeline (23) of the residential building before the water inlet valve (9) is connected with a sewer (24) through an overtaking pipeline (17), and an overtaking pipeline control valve (16) is arranged on the overtaking pipeline (17); the override pipeline control valve (16) is connected with and controlled by the automatic control device (5).
5. The integrated apparatus for measuring and calculating pollutant generation amount in homo-daily life sewage according to claim 4,
the top of the water storage adjusting tank (6) is provided with a water storage adjusting tank exhaust hole (21), the top of the sewage collection measuring tank (7) is provided with a sewage collection measuring tank exhaust hole (22), and the water storage adjusting tank exhaust hole (21) and the sewage collection measuring tank exhaust hole (22) are respectively connected with a deodorizing device (8) through pipelines.
6. The integrated apparatus for measuring and calculating pollutant generation amount in homo-daily life sewage according to claim 1,
the automatic control device (5) can set the control parameters and control conditions of the sampling program;
the control parameters of the sampling procedure were: the highest operation liquid level, the lowest operation liquid level and the set water inlet time; the operation liquid level refers to the operation liquid level in the sewage collecting and metering pool (7);
the control conditions of the sampling procedure were: when the water inlet time set by the automatic control device (5) is reached and the liquid level exceeds the lowest operation liquid level, starting a sampling program; when the set water inlet time is exceeded and the lowest operation liquid level is not reached, the sampling program is started until the lowest operation liquid level is reached; and starting a sampling program when the water inlet time is less than the set water inlet time, 50 percent of the liquid level reaches the maximum operation liquid level of 80 percent.
7. A method for measuring and calculating the generation amount of the daily domestic sewage pollutants for the average person is suitable for the integrated device for measuring and calculating the generation amount of the daily domestic sewage pollutants for the average person according to claim 4 or 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. the automatic control device (5) is started, a water outlet valve (15) is closed, a water outlet valve (11) of the water storage regulating pool is opened, when a program is started in an initial period, an override pipeline control valve (16) is closed, a water inlet valve (9) and a comminuted grating (10) are opened, water inflow is started, a residential personnel flow monitoring system (2) synchronously monitors the number and time of people entering and exiting, the number and time of people are transmitted to a data processing platform system (3), the number of people in the building is monitored when the water starts to enter in the initial period according to an entrance survey, and the number of people is recorded into the data processing platform system (;
b. step a, an automatic liquid level meter (14) uploads liquid level data to an automatic control device (3) in real time in the water inlet process, when a set control condition is reached, a water outlet valve (11) of a water storage adjusting tank is automatically closed, an overflow monitoring instrument (20) is opened, water inlet in a period is finished, time nodes and collected water volume data in the period are synchronously transmitted to a data processing platform system (3), the data processing platform system (3) calculates the population equivalent in the period according to the number and time of inlet and outlet personnel transmitted by a residential personnel flow monitoring system (2) according to the time node data, and if the overflow monitoring instrument (20) of the water storage adjusting tank monitors sewage overflow in the sampling process, the test period is abandoned;
c. b, entering a sampling program after water inflow in a period of time is finished, automatically starting a stirrer (12) to run for a plurality of minutes, starting a continuous automatic sampler (13), sampling for a plurality of minutes, performing water quality test on a sample after sampling, inputting a test result into a data processing platform system (3), calculating the pollutant generation amount of each period of time according to the product of the water quantity transmitted by a collection metering and sampling system (1) and the water quality pollutant concentration of the sampling test by the data processing platform system (3), calculating the per-capita pollutant generation amount of each period of time by dividing the pollutant generation amount of each period of time by the population equivalent of the corresponding period of time, and calculating the per-capita water displacement of each period of time by dividing the water displacement of each period of time by the;
d. c, after the sampling in the step c is finished, automatically opening a water outlet valve (15), then closing the stirrer (12), closing the water outlet valve (15) after emptying, opening a water outlet valve (11) of the water storage regulating pool, and continuing the sewage collection, metering and sampling working process in the next time period;
after the water outlet valve (11) of the water storage adjusting tank is opened, the temporarily stored sewage in the period can flow into the sewage collecting and metering tank (7), so that the water quantity in the next period can be conveniently metered;
e. after sampling in one period is finished, the overrunning pipeline control valve (16) is automatically opened, other facilities and equipment related to sampling are closed, the test period is finished, the data processing platform system (3) sums the production quantity of the per-capita pollutants in each period to obtain the production quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage pollutants, and sums the per-capita drainage quantity in each period to obtain the discharge quantity of the per-capita daily domestic sewage.
8. The method for measuring and calculating the amount of pollutant generation in homo-daily domestic sewage according to claim 7,
the set control conditions include:
when the water inlet time set by the automatic control device (5) is reached and the liquid level exceeds the lowest operation liquid level, starting a sampling program; when the set water inlet time is exceeded and the lowest operation liquid level is not reached, the sampling program is started until the lowest operation liquid level is reached; and starting a sampling program when the water inlet time is less than the set water inlet time, 50 percent of the liquid level reaches the maximum operation liquid level of 80 percent.
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| CN113362198A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-07 | 郑州大学 | System and method for discovering dangerous article manufacturing personnel in community |
| CN113554295B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-08-23 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Method for measuring and calculating pollution indexes of residential domestic water |
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