CN110056192A - A kind of concrete 3D printer spray head that diameter is variable - Google Patents
A kind of concrete 3D printer spray head that diameter is variable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110056192A CN110056192A CN201910352117.9A CN201910352117A CN110056192A CN 110056192 A CN110056192 A CN 110056192A CN 201910352117 A CN201910352117 A CN 201910352117A CN 110056192 A CN110056192 A CN 110056192A
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- diameter
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- variable diameter
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- pedestal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
- E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
- E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
- E04G2021/049—Devices for both conveying and distributing concrete mixing nozzles specially adapted for conveying devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is the concrete 3D printer spray head that a kind of diameter can be changed, including aggregate-storing system, transportation system and variable diameter system, variable diameter system connects aggregate-storing system, aggregate-storing system is fed by transportation system, the variable diameter system includes bottom plate, pedestal, variable diameter motor gear, variable diameter motor, cover board, big internal gear, multiple variable diameter blades and pinion gear identical with variable diameter blade quantity, the output axis connection variable diameter motor gear of variable diameter motor, internal tooth when installation on big internal gear just can be with multiple pinion gear internal messings fixed on pedestal, and the lower surface of big internal gear is contacted with the disk of pedestal major diameter part, driving cog and the external toothing of variable diameter motor gear on big internal gear, and the short column on cover board is pierced by corresponding arc-shaped slot and fixation on big internal gear just, arc-shaped slot on big internal gear rotates under the constraint of short column;Multiple variable diameter blade energy Unscrews and closure.The spray head can change the size of jet diameters in real time, accomplish the consecutive variations of jet diameters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printer field, the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of especially a kind of diameter.
Background technique
3D printing applies among people's lives, especially more and more as a kind of increasing material manufacturing method
In building field, concrete is the mainstay material that 3D printing is applied in construction industry as a kind of most commonly seen construction material
Selection.Currently, concrete 3D printing has shown the potentiality for building large-scale component.
3D printer spray head is the core of 3D printing equipment, and the function of spray head is storage material, most importantly conveying and
Extruded material, this has vital influence for 3D printing.The size majority of existing 3D printer spray head be it is fixed,
When the model exterior contour of printing is complicated while internal and containing certain hollow structure, to adapt to different printing precision
Dismounting and change 3D printer spray head is needed, efficiency is influenced, destroys the continuity of 3D printing.
Therefore it is very necessary with 3D printing spray head to develop a kind of concrete that diameter is variable.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical issues of present invention intends to solve is to provide a kind of concrete that diameter is variable
3D printing spray head.The spray head can change the size of jet diameters in real time in 3D printing operation process, accomplish jet diameters
Consecutive variations, can be reasonable during printing, science freely changes the diameter of spray head, and then helps to improve 3D
The precision and efficiency of printing.
The present invention solve the technical problem the technical solution adopted is as follows:
A kind of concrete 3D printer spray head that diameter is variable, including aggregate-storing system, transportation system and variable diameter system, variable diameter
System connects aggregate-storing system, and aggregate-storing system is fed by transportation system, which is characterized in that
The variable diameter system includes bottom plate, pedestal, variable diameter motor gear, variable diameter motor, cover board, big internal gear, Duo Gebian
Diameter blade and pinion gear identical with variable diameter blade quantity,
The pedestal is boss type hollow cylindrical structure, and upper diameter is small, and lower diameter is big, including major diameter part and small
Diameter portion is evenly arranged multiple small through hole in the disk of major diameter part, is inserted into a pin shaft, Mei Gexiao in each small through hole
A pinion gear is fixed on axis top, and a variable diameter blade is fixed in lower part, and variable diameter blade and pinion gear are located at pedestal disk
Upper and lower two sides;The top of the circumference side of the small diameter portion of pedestal is equipped with screw thread, and the circumference side lower of small diameter portion is not
Screw thread is set;
The cover board covers in the small diameter portion of pedestal, and the circumferential area of cover board can cover pinion gear, and cover board is outer
Diameter is less than the outer diameter of pedestal major diameter part, and the disk upper surface of the cover board is along the circumferential direction uniformly fixed with multiple short columns,
Screw thread is arranged at short column top;
The big internal gear is annular shape, and the lower surface of big internal gear is equipped with a circle internal tooth, can nibble with pinion gear on pedestal
It closes, arc-shaped slot identical with short column quantity on cover board has been evenly arranged on the anchor ring of big internal gear, the big internal gear
Circumference side is equipped with multiple continuous driving cogs;The annulus outer diameter of big internal gear is consistent with the outer diameter of the major diameter part of pedestal,
The height of big internal gear is greater than the disk of cover board to the distance of pedestal major diameter part upper surface, and is less than pedestal small diameter portion
Height;
Support plate is installed on the circumference of the major diameter part of the pedestal, the variable diameter motor is fixed on the supporting plate,
The output axis connection variable diameter motor gear of variable diameter motor, internal tooth when installation on big internal gear just can with it is fixed more on pedestal
A pinion gear internal messing, and the lower surface of big internal gear is contacted with the disk of pedestal major diameter part, the transmission on big internal gear
Tooth and the external toothing of variable diameter motor gear, and the short column on cover board is pierced by the corresponding arc-shaped slot on big internal gear just and passes through spiral shell
Bolt is fixed, and the arc-shaped slot on big internal gear rotates under the constraint of short column;
The bottom plate benefit is fixed by bolts to the lower part of pedestal, and has gap between bottom plate and pedestal, can accommodate change
Diameter blade, multiple variable diameter blade energy Unscrews and closure, multiple variable diameter blades maximum gauge mutually overlapping when being closed completely
Not less than the internal diameter of pedestal small diameter portion;The small diameter portion of pedestal and the end thread of aggregate-storing system connect.
In general, the contemplated above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has following advantage compared with existing scheme:
The present invention utilizes multiple variable diameter blade adjustments nozzle diameters, can change nozzle in real time among 3D printing process again
Diameter.When printing biggish region, lesser nozzle is used when printing lesser region using biggish jet diameters
Diameter ensure that the precision and continuity for improving printing to improve the efficiency of printing.
The present invention is directed to the concrete material of extruded type, and screw rod transmission structure is arranged, and conveying screw rod blade in the shape of a spiral, divides
Two parts, top screw pitch is equal, and diameter 1~2mm small compared with material storage tube shell, and lower part screw pitch successively encrypts, and diameter is passed
Subtract, the gradient that diameter reduces should be identical as the rotary table inclination of material storage tube outer casing underpart;In conveying screw rod blade and material storage tube shell
Wall should have the gap of 1~2mm, so that eliminating friction when relative rotation, and material not caused to leak out and too closely draw
The stopping state risen.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the explosive view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is transportation system assembling mode schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the assembling mode schematic diagram of aggregate-storing system.
Fig. 5 is variable diameter system explosive view.
Fig. 6 is the assembling schematic diagram of variable diameter system backplane, variable diameter blade and pinion gear.
Fig. 7 is the assembling schematic diagram of variable diameter system cover board, bottom plate.
Fig. 8 is variable diameter system big internal gear schematic diagram (looking up).
Fig. 9 is variable diameter system big internal gear assembling schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is assembled variable diameter system schematic.
Figure 11 is the fully open schematic diagram of variable diameter system variable diameter blade.
Figure 12 is that variable diameter system variable diameter blade-section opens schematic diagram.
Figure 13 is variable diameter system variable diameter blade all closure schematic diagrames.
In figure, 1- transportation system;11- feeder motor;12- transmission device shell;13- chain;14- feeder motor gear;
15- conveying screw rod driven gear;16- conveying screw rod blade;17- conveying screw rod axis
2- aggregate-storing system;21- material storage tube shell;22- feed inlet
3- variable diameter system;31- bottom plate;32- variable diameter blade;33- pedestal;34- pinion gear;35- variable diameter motor gear;36-
Variable diameter motor;37- cover board;38- driving cog;39- big internal gear
Specific embodiment
In order to which the object of the invention, technical solution and advantage is more clearly understood, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to this
Utility model is further elaborated.It should be understood that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
A kind of variable concrete 3D printing spray head of diameter of the present invention is made of three parts, illustrates three portions separately below
The working principle divided.
Fig. 1-2 is overall structure diagram and explosive view of the invention.The present invention is made of three parts: transportation system 1,
Aggregate-storing system 2, variable diameter system 3.Variable diameter system 3 utilizes the material storage tube shell 21 using screw thread and aggregate-storing system 2 on pedestal 33
It is connected.21 benefit of material storage tube shell is fixed by bolts on drive housing 12.
Fig. 3 is transportation system assembling mode schematic diagram.Transportation system 1 includes feeder motor 11, drive housing 12, chain
Item 13, feeder motor gear 14, conveying screw rod driven gear 15, conveying screw rod blade 16, conveying screw rod bar axis 17.The conveying
Motor 11 is fixed on the lower surface of drive housing 12, and the output end of feeder motor passes through the connection conveying of drive housing 12
Motor gear 14, using bolt that the motor shaft of feeder motor and feeder motor gear 14 is fixed, feeder motor 11 can drive
Feeder motor gear 14 rotates.The conveying screw rod driven gear 15 is fixed on the other end of drive housing 12, described defeated
Motor gear 14 is sent to link together with conveying screw rod driven gear 15 by the intermeshing of chain 13, the rotation of feeder motor 11
It can use chain 13 to be transferred on conveying screw rod driven gear 15.Conveying screw rod driven gear 15 passes through spiral/threaded connection
It is connect with conveying screw rod axis 17, conveying screw rod bar axis 17 can be rotated together with conveying screw rod driven gear 15.The conveying screw rod
Conveying screw rod blade 16 is welded on axis 17, further, the conveying screw rod blade 16 in the shape of a spiral, is divided into two parts, top
Screw pitch is equal, and lower part screw pitch successively encrypts, and diameter is successively decreased, and the gradient that diameter reduces should be with the circle of material storage tube outer casing underpart
Platform inclination is identical.In order to enable the transport of 3D printing material, especially cement-based material is smooth, it is unlikely to block, conveying screw rod
Blade 16 and 21 inner wall of material storage tube shell should have the gap of 1~2mm, so that eliminating friction when relative rotation, and not cause
Material leakage and too closely caused stopping state.At work, feeder motor 11 drives the conveying being fixed thereon
Motor gear 14, and then conveying screw rod driven gear 15 is driven, rotate conveying screw rod axis 17 and conveying screw rod blade 16.
Fig. 4 is the assembling mode schematic diagram of aggregate-storing system.Aggregate-storing system 2 includes material storage tube shell 21, feed inlet 22.Storing
The cylindrical thin-walled cylinder of 21 shell uppers of cylinder, lower part is round table-like thin-walled cylinder.This is done to make material
Conveying is continuous, smooth.In order to as much as possible play the storing function of material storage tube shell, material storage tube should be arranged in feed inlet 22
The more top part of shell, screw thread is arranged at 21 lower part of material storage tube shell, for connecting variable diameter system.Conveying screw rod axis 17 protrudes into storage
In cartridge shell 21, conveying screw rod axis 17 is co-axially mounted with material storage tube shell 21, and the upper end of material storage tube shell 21 is fixed on transmission
The lower surface of crust of the device 12.
Fig. 5-9 is the assembling schematic diagram and overall structure diagram of variable diameter system components part.Variable diameter system such as Fig. 5
It is shown, including 31,12 variable diameter blades 32 of bottom plate, 33,12 pinion gears 34 of pedestal, variable diameter motor gear 35, variable diameter motor 36,
Cover board 37, big internal gear 39, driving cog 38 are connected using the screw thread on pedestal 33 with storage vat shell 21.The pedestal 33
For boss type hollow cylindrical structure, upper diameter is small, and lower diameter is big, including major diameter part and small diameter portion, major diameter
It is evenly arranged 12 small through hole in partial disk, is inserted into a pin shaft in each small through hole, each pin shaft top fixes one
A variable diameter blade 32 is fixed in pinion gear 34, lower part, and variable diameter blade 32 can be rotated with pinion gear 34 around pin shaft, variable diameter blade and
Pinion gear 34 is located at the two sides up and down of pedestal disk;The top of the circumference side of the small diameter portion of pedestal is equipped with screw thread,
The not set screw thread of circumference side lower of small diameter portion.37 sets of the cover board is in the small diameter portion of pedestal, the ring of cover board
Pinion gear 34 can be covered to area, and the outer diameter of cover board is less than the outer diameter of pedestal major diameter part, the effect of cover board 37 is protection
Pinion gear 34 and carrying big internal gear 39.The disk upper surface of the cover board 37 is along the circumferential direction welded there are three short column, on
Portion, which is rubbed with the hands, screw thread.
The big internal gear 39 is annular shape, and the lower surface of big internal gear is equipped with a circle internal tooth, can be with pinion gear on pedestal
Engagement is evenly arranged there are three arc-shaped slot on the anchor ring of big internal gear, and the circumference side of the big internal gear 39 is equipped with
Multiple driving cogs 38, multiple driving cogs are equally spaced, and are not provided with arc-shaped slot on the anchor ring where driving cog.Big internal gear 39
Annulus outer diameter it is consistent with the outer diameter of the major diameter part of pedestal 33, the height of big internal gear is greater than the disk of cover board 37 to pedestal
The distance of major diameter part upper surface, and it is less than the height of pedestal small diameter portion;
Support plate is installed, the variable diameter motor 36 is fixed on support plate on the circumference of the major diameter part of the pedestal
On, the output axis connection variable diameter motor gear 35 of variable diameter motor, internal tooth when installation on big internal gear just can with it is solid on pedestal
Fixed multiple pinion gear internal messings, and the lower surface of big internal gear is contacted with the disk of pedestal major diameter part, big internal gear 39
On driving cog 38 and 35 external toothing of variable diameter motor gear, and three short columns on cover board 37 are pierced by three on big internal gear just
In a arc-shaped slot, short column can slide in arc-shaped slot, be constraint of the arc-shaped slot on big internal gear in short column in fact
Lower rotation, the arc length of arc-shaped slot are not less than the arc length of multiple driving cogs, can limit the rotation of big internal gear, variable diameter motor it is defeated
Direction is vertical direction out.
The setting of short column height: highly should be able to fully extended 39 big internal gear surface, so as to the fixation of bolt, short column
Quantity should not be excessive, will increase difficulty of processing.
After big internal gear 39 and cover board 37 are fixed, corresponding short column is passed through using bolt and fixes cover board and big internal gear
Together.The big internal gear 39 can rotate on cover board 37, and the minor diameter of pedestal can be inserted with big internal gear for cover board
Point, but do not connect using screw thread with small diameter portion, only contacted with not having threaded place in small diameter portion.Most
Afterwards, bottom plate 31 is housed in the bottommost of variable diameter system, for closing and protecting variable diameter system, 31 benefit of bottom plate is fixed by bolts to
The lower part of pedestal 33, and there is gap between bottom plate and pedestal 33, variable diameter blade can be accommodated.
Multiple variable diameter blade energy Unscrews and closure, multiple variable diameter blades maximum gauge mutually overlapping when being closed completely
Not less than the internal diameter of pedestal small diameter portion.
The shape of multiple variable diameter blades is identical, is not generating gap, each variable diameter leaf in rotary course between blade
The maximum length of piece is distance of the pin shaft fixed point to base central, and variable diameter blade can be spliced to form by rectangle and triangle
Structure, the tip of triangle is avoided that when variable diameter blade is closed completely and to the greatest extent may be used near base central towards base central
Energy is few to be overlapped, and blade is very thin, and blade will not generate excessive bending.
In work, variable diameter motor gear 35 is driven by variable diameter motor 36, and then stir driving cog 38, driving cog 38 is mounted on
On big internal gear 39, big internal gear 39 is also struck, and then rotates the pinion gear 34 being meshed with the internal tooth of big internal gear 39, into
And drive variable diameter blade 32.The rotation of variable diameter blade 32 can be realized the opening and closing of spray head, the variation of diameter, meanwhile, big internal gear
On 39 is that three arc-shaped slots can also play the role of limit, constrains maximum gauge and minimum diameter.
When variable diameter motor rotates clockwise, variable diameter blade is opened, and jet diameters increase with it.Conversely, working as variable diameter motor
Counterclockwise when rotation, variable diameter blade is closed, and jet diameters reduce therewith.Figure 11-13 points illustrate that variable-diameter spray head is fully opened, beaten
Open a part, all close three in situation, totally 12 variable diameter blades, each variable diameter blade are responsible for 30 ° of circular arc in figure.
Heretofore described pinion gear, pin shaft, variable diameter blade quantity can be determines according to actual conditions.Variable diameter blade can be done
At various shapes, it can guarantee and opened and closed together under rotary action.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the connection of variable diameter system and material storage tube can take such as be bolted it is a variety of
Connection type.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, stirring driving cog can take click such as to stir, and manually adjust, hand here
Dynamic method be variable diameter motor do not work can when supplement measure so that variable diameter motor is also adjustable when cannot work, such as
Go back to original position.
The present invention does not address place and is suitable for the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter, including aggregate-storing system, transportation system and variable diameter system, variable diameter system
System connection aggregate-storing system, aggregate-storing system are fed by transportation system, which is characterized in that
The variable diameter system includes bottom plate, pedestal, variable diameter motor gear, variable diameter motor, cover board, big internal gear, multiple variable diameter leaves
Piece and pinion gear identical with variable diameter blade quantity,
The pedestal is boss type hollow cylindrical structure, and upper diameter is small, and lower diameter is big, including major diameter part and minor diameter
Part is evenly arranged multiple small through hole in the disk of major diameter part, is inserted into a pin shaft in each small through hole, on each pin shaft
A pinion gear is fixed in portion, and a variable diameter blade is fixed in lower part, and variable diameter blade and pinion gear are located at the upper and lower of pedestal disk
Two sides;The top of the circumference side of the small diameter portion of pedestal is equipped with screw thread, and the circumference side lower of small diameter portion is not set
Screw thread;
The cover board covers in the small diameter portion of pedestal, and the circumferential area of cover board can cover pinion gear, and the outer diameter of cover board is small
Multiple short columns, short column are along the circumferential direction uniformly fixed in the disk upper surface of the outer diameter of pedestal major diameter part, the cover board
Screw thread is arranged at top;
The big internal gear is annular shape, and the lower surface of big internal gear is equipped with a circle internal tooth, can engage with pinion gear on pedestal,
Arc-shaped slot identical with short column quantity on cover board, the circumference of the big internal gear have been evenly arranged on the anchor ring of big internal gear
Face is equipped with multiple continuous driving cogs;The annulus outer diameter of big internal gear is consistent with the outer diameter of the major diameter part of pedestal, big internal tooth
The height of wheel is greater than the disk of cover board to the distance of pedestal major diameter part upper surface, and is less than the height of pedestal small diameter portion
Degree;
Support plate is installed, the variable diameter motor is fixed on the supporting plate, variable diameter on the circumference of the major diameter part of the pedestal
The output axis connection variable diameter motor gear of motor, internal tooth when installation on big internal gear just can with it is fixed multiple small on pedestal
Gear internal messing, and the lower surface of big internal gear is contacted with the disk of pedestal major diameter part, the driving cog on big internal gear with
Variable diameter motor gear external toothing, and the short column on cover board is pierced by the corresponding arc-shaped slot on big internal gear just and is consolidated by bolt
Fixed, the arc-shaped slot on big internal gear rotates under the constraint of short column;
The bottom plate benefit is fixed by bolts to the lower part of pedestal, and has gap between bottom plate and pedestal, can accommodate variable diameter leaf
Piece, multiple variable diameter blade energy Unscrews and closure, multiple variable diameter blades maximum gauge mutually overlapping when being closed completely be not small
In the internal diameter of pedestal small diameter portion;The small diameter portion of pedestal and the end thread of aggregate-storing system connect.
2. the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiple transmission
Tooth is equally spaced, and is not provided with arc-shaped slot on anchor ring corresponding to driving cog, and the arc length of arc-shaped slot is not less than multiple transmissions
The arc length of tooth.
3. the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that variable diameter motor it is defeated
Direction is vertical direction out.
4. the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the transportation system
Including feeder motor, drive housing, chain, feeder motor gear, conveying screw rod driven gear, conveying screw rod blade, defeated
Screw rod bar axis is sent, the feeder motor is fixed on the lower surface of drive housing, and the output end of feeder motor passes through transmission dress
Cage connection feeder motor gear is set, is fixed the motor shaft of feeder motor and feeder motor gear using bolt;The conveying
Screw rod driven gear is fixed on the other end of drive housing, and the feeder motor gear passes through with conveying screw rod driven gear
Chain intermeshing links together, and conveying screw rod driven gear is connect with conveying screw rod axis top, on the conveying screw rod axis
It is welded with conveying screw rod blade.
5. the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the conveying screw rod
Blade in the shape of a spiral, is divided into two parts, and top screw pitch is equal, and lower part screw pitch successively encrypts, and diameter is successively decreased, what diameter reduced
Gradient should be identical as the inclined degree of the outer casing underpart of aggregate-storing system.
6. the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter according to claim 5, which is characterized in that conveying screw rod blade
There is the gap of 1~2mm with the inner wall of the shell of aggregate-storing system.
7. the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the aggregate-storing system
Including material storage tube shell, feed inlet, the cylindrical thin-walled cylinder of the material storage tube shell upper, lower part is round table-like thin-walled
Cylinder;Material storage tube outer casing underpart has screw thread, for connecting variable diameter system;Conveying screw rod axis protrudes into material storage tube shell, conveys spiral shell
Bar axis is co-axially mounted with material storage tube shell, and the upper end of material storage tube shell is fixed on the lower surface of drive housing.
8. the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that multiple variable diameter blades
Shape it is identical, the maximum length of each variable diameter blade is distance of the pin shaft fixed point to base central.
9. the variable concrete 3D printer spray head of diameter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that variable diameter blade is served as reasons
The structure that rectangle and triangle are spliced to form, the tip of triangle is towards base central.
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CN113079766B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-08-02 | 国家林业和草原局华东调查规划设计院 | A foreign soil spray-seeding machine for barren slope vegetation resumes |
CN113685643A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-23 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Reducing orifice plate |
CN115012418A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-06 | 中建八局轨道交通建设有限公司 | Adjustable air compression injection machine hand gun for foundation pit slope construction |
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