CN110055429A - Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method - Google Patents
Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110055429A CN110055429A CN201910317277.XA CN201910317277A CN110055429A CN 110055429 A CN110055429 A CN 110055429A CN 201910317277 A CN201910317277 A CN 201910317277A CN 110055429 A CN110055429 A CN 110055429A
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- oxygen
- enriched air
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
- C22B15/0034—Bath smelting or converting in rotary furnaces, e.g. kaldo-type furnaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting methods, comprising the following steps: will be in the blowing spray gun insertion Kaldo Furnace with Laval nozzle；Pure oxygen pipeline is docked with compressed air pipe, obtains oxygen-enriched air；Quartz sand is added, is passed through oxygen-enriched air, reacts 40min~60min at a temperature of 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C, release blowing slag, sample examination, until lead content is lower than 5%；It is passed through oxygen-enriched air, reacts 120min~180min at a temperature of 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C, releases blowing slag, sample examination, until Se content is lower than 2%；20kg~80kg sodium carbonate is added, is passed through oxygen-enriched air, reacts 40min~60min at a temperature of 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C, releases blowing slag, sample examination, until selenium, tellurium, lead, antimony, bi content are below 0.01%, copper, which contains, is lower than 1.5%.Above scheme mixes oxygen technology using pipeline, and the small, flow velocity of pressure reduction is fast, blows that penetrate area wide, not only improves and blows bath surface slag blanket open；It can guarantee that gold, silver are not oxidized again, the influence to furnace lining minimizes, and improves the service life of furnace lining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to non-ferrous metal smelting technologies, and in particular to richness when a kind of Kaldo Furnace smelting copper anode mud
Oxygen blowing technology.
Background technique
When smelting copper anode mud with Kaldo Furnace, generallys use compressed air or pure oxygen carries out oxidation blowing.
When carrying out oxidation blowing using compressed air, the oxygen concentration in burner hearth is low, reaction interface unit time impurity hair
Raw reaction is few, and oxidation blowing rate is low.The a large amount of inert gases contained in compressed air simultaneously are blown into furnace, take away big calorimetric
Amount, can also reduce oxidizing reaction rate.
When blowing using pure oxygen, steel cylinder is mostly used directly to blow, such converting method, pure oxygen from spout come out after, pressure
Dramatic decrease can not blow bath surface slag blanket open, while oxygen diffusion area is small, so there are oxygen and precious metals containing lead melt contacts face
The problems such as product is few, and blowing rate is slow.To guarantee that pure oxygen can smoothly blow slag blanket open, generally takes and improve pure oxygen pressure, increases and blow rifle
The measure of insertion depth can be such that oxidation of impurities rate greatly increases in this way, but blow rifle and be easy crust, and muzzle is easy blocking, burns
Damage.Further, since oxygen concentration is high in burner hearth, gold, silver are oxidized into slag, and noble metal is caused to be lost, furnace lining firebrick damage
Consumption rate can also sharply increase, and substantially reduce furnace li`, also greatly increase to the corrosivity of flue gas purifying equipment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting methods, improve oxidation blowing rate, extend equipment
Service life.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method, including with
Lower step:
A) by the Kaldo Furnace after the blowing spray gun insertion smelting reduction with Laval nozzle, blow spray gun
Gun body center line angle with horizontal plane α is 32 °, and height H of the Laval nozzle from the melt A liquid level in Kaldo Furnace is 100mm
~150mm, the axis for the gas coning body that Laval nozzle sprays and the angle β of melt A liquid level are the axis and gas of 62 °, gas coning body
The deflection angle φ of the bus of cone is 3 °~15 °；
B pure oxygen pipeline is docked with compressed air pipe), oxygen regulating valve aperture is controlled by dcs,
The pressure for adjusting oxygen-enriched air is 250kPa~400kPa, oxygen concentration is 27%~35%；
C quartz sand) is added into Kaldo Furnace, by the oxygen-enriched air in above-mentioned steps B) by blowing spray gun with supersonic speed
It sprays into Kaldo Furnace, 40min~60min is reacted under 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C of reaction temperature, release blowing slag, samplingization
It tests, repeats step lead element content into melt A and be lower than 5%；
D step B) is passed through into Kaldo Furnace) in oxygen-enriched air, reacted under 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C of reaction temperature
120min~180min, releases blowing slag, and sample examination repeats step selenium element content into melt A and is lower than 2%；
E) into Kaldo Furnace be added 20kg~80kg sodium carbonate, be passed through step B) in oxygen-enriched air, 1100 DEG C~
40min~60min is reacted under 1200 DEG C of reaction temperature, releases blowing slag, and sample examination repeats the step and contains into melt A
Selenium, tellurium, lead, antimony, bismuth element are below 0.01%, are lower than 1.5% containing copper.
Beneficial effect using the above scheme is: oxygen technology is mixed using pipeline, using Laval nozzle into Kaldo Furnace
Spray pressure be 250kPa~400kPa, the oxygen-enriched air that oxygen concentration is 27%~35%, since oxygen-enriched air is from Lavalle
After nozzle sprays, the small, flow velocity of pressure reduction is fast, blows that penetrate area wide, is conducive to blow bath surface slag blanket open, increases oxygen-enriched air
With melt contacts area；The oxygen concentration of suitable oxygen-enriched air is selected, the oxidation atmosphere in burner hearth can be enhanced, so that unit
Oxidation of impurities rate obviously increases in time, and oxidation blowing speed is speeded, and when furnace is obviously shortened 2 hours；It can guarantee gold, silver member again
Element does not aoxidize, and influence of the oxygen-enriched air to furnace lining also minimizes, and substantially increases the service life of furnace lining.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of Laval nozzle in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with attached drawing, a kind of Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method, comprising the following steps:
A in the Kaldo Furnace 20 after the blowing spray gun 10 with Laval nozzle 11) is inserted into smelting reduction, blowing
The gun body center line angle with horizontal plane α of spray gun 10 is 32 °, and Laval nozzle 11 is from the melt A liquid level in Kaldo Furnace 20
Height H is 100mm~150mm, and the axis for the gas coning body that Laval nozzle 11 sprays and the angle β of melt A liquid level are 62 °, gas
The deflection angle φ of the bus of the axis and gas coning body of cone is 3 °~15 °；
B pure oxygen pipeline is docked with compressed air pipe), oxygen regulating valve aperture is controlled by dcs,
The pressure for adjusting oxygen-enriched air is 250kPa~400kPa, oxygen concentration is 27%~35%；
C quartz sand) is added into Kaldo Furnace 20, by the oxygen-enriched air in above-mentioned steps B) by blowing spray gun 10 to surpass
Velocity of sound sprays into Kaldo Furnace 20, and 40min~60min is reacted under 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C of reaction temperature, releases blowing slag,
Sample examination repeats step lead element content into melt A and is lower than 5%；
D) be passed through step B into Kaldo Furnace 20) in oxygen-enriched air, it is anti-under 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C of reaction temperature
120min~180min is answered, blowing slag is released, sample examination repeats step selenium element content into melt A and is lower than 2%；
E) into Kaldo Furnace 20 be added 20kg~80kg sodium carbonate, be passed through step B) in oxygen-enriched air, at 1100 DEG C
40min~60min is reacted under~1200 DEG C of reaction temperature, releases blowing slag, and sample examination repeats the step into melt A
It is below 0.01% containing selenium, tellurium, lead, antimony, bismuth element, is lower than 1.5% containing copper.
Core of the invention is to spray pressure into Kaldo Furnace 20 using Laval nozzle to be 250kPa~400kPa, contain
The oxygen-enriched air that oxygen concentration is 27%~35%, after being sprayed with supersonic speed due to oxygen-enriched air from Laval nozzle, pressure reduction
Small, flow velocity is fast, blows that penetrate area wide, is conducive to blow bath surface slag blanket open, increases oxygen-enriched air and melt contacts area；Selection
The oxygen concentration of suitable oxygen-enriched air, can enhance the oxidation atmosphere in burner hearth, so that oxidation of impurities rate in the unit time
It obviously increases, oxidation blowing speed is speeded, and when furnace is obviously shortened 2 hours；It can guarantee that gold, silver element does not aoxidize again, it is oxygen-enriched
Influence of the air to furnace lining also minimizes, and substantially increases the service life of furnace lining.Oxygen technology is mixed using direct pipeline to provide
Oxygen-enriched air, without increasing the infrastructure such as oxygen tank, pressure regulating tank, equipment investment is small；Using dcs, oxygen
Gas concentration adjusting is more accurate, timely, stable, simple to operate, easily controllable.
Preferably, the step A) in Laval nozzle 11 throat pipe diameter D1 and outlet diameter D2 meet it is claimed below:
17.5mm≤D1≤22mm, 21.1mm≤D2≤26.5mm, 0.687877≤D1/D2≤0.723558；Laval nozzle 11
Flow is 900Nm3/ h~1200Nm3/h.Using the Laval nozzle 11 for meeting above-mentioned requirements, in injection, oxygen-enriched air is with super
Velocity of sound is sprayed from nozzle, and oblique shock wave only occurs in parectasis, is not in the outer dilatational wave of pipe, and the air-flow generated by oblique shock wave is inclined
Corner is between 3 °~15 °, to guarantee that the surface melt A slag blanket can be blown open from the oxygen-enriched air that the nozzle sprays, air injection
Area is big, the pressure loss is small, is embodied in that oxidation of impurities in melt is fast, and duration of blast is short.
Preferably, the step B) in angle between the tube core of pure oxygen pipeline and the tube core of compressed air pipe be 45 °
~90 °.By pure oxygen pipeline and compressed air pipe docking angle, thus guarantee can to mix between pure oxygen and compressed air
It is more uniform.
Preferably, the step C) in repetitive operation when according to the result of laboratory test of previous action calculate quartz sand addition
Amount, quartz sand additional amount are 1/3 of lead tolerance in melt A.Specifically, the calculation formula of quartz sand additional amount are as follows: quartz sand adds
Enter amount=copper anode mud argentiferous % × copper anode mud input amount t ÷ melt argentiferous % × leaded % ÷ 3 of melt.Wherein, copper anode
The primary quantity of copper anode mud mud input amount t input when being Kaldo Furnace smelting reduction, copper anode mud argentiferous % are initial shape
The silver-containing rate in copper anode mud put under state, melt argentiferous % are first time operating procedure C) after the completion of it is remaining melt it is intracorporal
The ratio of silver, the leaded % of melt is the ratio for melting intracorporal lead remaining after the completion of first time operating procedure C), therefore, first
Secondary operating procedure C) after the completion of sample examination when need to chemically examine in melt the shared ratio of silver and lead.
Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method of the invention is further described below by embodiment.
Embodiment one:
Pure oxygen pipeline is docked with 90 ° of angles with compressed air pipe, oxygen-enriched air is adjusted by dcs
Pressure be 300kPa, oxygen concentration 35%；Selection flow is 900Nm3/ h, throat pipe diameter D1 are 17.5mm, outlet diameter
D2 is the Laval nozzle 11 of 21.1mm, and height H of the Laval nozzle 11 from the melt A liquid level in Kaldo Furnace 20 is 150mm,
The axis for the gas coning body that Laval nozzle 11 sprays and the angle β of melt A liquid level be 62 °, the axis of gas coning body and gas coning body
The deflection angle φ of bus is 3 °~15 °.
200kg quartz sand is added into Kaldo Furnace 20, is led to using above-mentioned Laval nozzle 11 into Kaldo Furnace 20
Enter the oxygen-enriched air for meeting above-mentioned pressure and oxygen concentration, 45min reacted under 1150 DEG C of reaction temperature, releases blowing slag,
It takes melt sample to chemically examine, show in melt that lead element content is reduced to 15.97% by 20.1%.
300kg quartz sand is added into Kaldo Furnace 20 again, repeats previous action, releases blowing slag, takes melt sample
Chemical examination, show that lead element content is reduced to 3.58% in melt.
Continue to be passed through the oxygen-enriched air for meeting above-mentioned pressure and oxygen concentration into Kaldo Furnace 20, in 1150 DEG C of reaction
At a temperature of react 150min, release blowing slag, take melt sample to chemically examine, show that selenium element content is reduced to by 18.7% in melt
5.36%, tellurium element content is reduced to 4.73% by 13.08%.
Previous action is repeated, the control reaction time is 90min, releases blowing slag, takes melt sample to chemically examine, obtain in melt
Selenium element content is reduced to 1.79%, and tellurium element content is reduced to 3.43%.
80kg sodium carbonate is added into Kaldo Furnace 20, is passed through into Kaldo Furnace 20 and meets above-mentioned pressure and oxygen concentration
Oxygen-enriched air, react 50min under 1100 DEG C of reaction temperature, release blowing slag, take melt sample to chemically examine, obtain selenium in melt
Constituent content is 0.01%, and lead element content is 0.03%, and antimony element content is 0.01%, and bismuth element content is 0.02%, tellurium
Constituent content is 0.05%, and copper coin cellulose content is 1.75%.It repeats aforesaid operations 2 times, obtains selenium in melt, lead, antimony, bismuth, tellurium
Constituent content is reduced to 0.01%, and copper coin cellulose content is reduced to 1.4%.
Embodiment two:
Pure oxygen pipeline is docked with 90 ° of angles with compressed air pipe, oxygen-enriched air is adjusted by dcs
Pressure be 350kPa, oxygen concentration 30%；Selection flow is 1000Nm3/ h, throat pipe diameter D1 are 19mm, outlet diameter D2
For the Laval nozzle 11 of 22.6mm, height H of the Laval nozzle 11 from the melt A liquid level in Kaldo Furnace 20 is 150mm, is drawn
The axis for the gas coning body that Wa Er nozzle 11 sprays and the angle β of melt A liquid level are the mother of 62 °, the axis of gas coning body and gas coning body
The deflection angle φ of line is 3 °~15 °.
200kg quartz sand is added into Kaldo Furnace 20, is led to using above-mentioned Laval nozzle 11 into Kaldo Furnace 20
Enter the oxygen-enriched air for meeting above-mentioned pressure and oxygen concentration, 60min reacted under 1200 DEG C of reaction temperature, releases blowing slag,
It takes melt sample to chemically examine, show in melt that lead element content is reduced to 11.23% by 22.69%.
200kg quartz sand is added into Kaldo Furnace 20 again, repeats previous action, releases blowing slag, takes melt sample
Chemical examination, show that lead element content is reduced to 3.03% in melt.
Continue to be passed through the oxygen-enriched air for meeting above-mentioned pressure and oxygen concentration into Kaldo Furnace 20, in 1200 DEG C of reaction
At a temperature of react 180min, release blowing slag, take melt sample to chemically examine, show that selenium element content is reduced to by 15.32% in melt
1.29%, tellurium element content is reduced to 6.9% by 13.07%.
Previous action is repeated, the control reaction time is 60min, releases blowing slag, takes melt sample to chemically examine, obtain in melt
Selenium element content is reduced to 0.2%, and tellurium element content is reduced to 5.51%.
80kg sodium carbonate is added into Kaldo Furnace 20, is passed through into Kaldo Furnace 20 and meets above-mentioned pressure and oxygen concentration
Oxygen-enriched air, react 60min under 1100 DEG C of reaction temperature, release blowing slag, take melt sample to chemically examine, obtain selenium in melt
Constituent content is 0.01%, and lead element content is 0.01%, antimony element content is 0.01%, bismuth element content is 0.01%, tellurium
Constituent content is 0.04%, and copper coin cellulose content is 2.76%.Repeat aforesaid operations 2 times, obtain in melt tellurium element content by
0.04% is reduced to 0.01%, and copper coin cellulose content is reduced to 1.5% by 2.76%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
A it) by the Kaldo Furnace (20) after blowing spray gun (10) the insertion smelting reduction with Laval nozzle (11), blows
The gun body center line angle with horizontal plane α for refining spray gun (10) is 32 °, and Laval nozzle (11) is from the melt in Kaldo Furnace (20)
The height H of A liquid level is 100mm~150mm, the axis for the gas coning body that Laval nozzle (11) sprays and the angle β of melt A liquid level
Deflection angle φ for 62 °, the axis and the bus of gas coning body of gas coning body is 3 °~15 °；
B pure oxygen pipeline is docked with compressed air pipe), oxygen regulating valve aperture, adjustment are controlled by dcs
The pressure of oxygen-enriched air is 250kPa~400kPa, oxygen concentration is 27%~35%；
C quartz sand) is added into Kaldo Furnace (20), by the oxygen-enriched air in above-mentioned steps B) by blowing spray gun (10) to surpass
Velocity of sound sprays into Kaldo Furnace (20), and 40min~60min is reacted under 1100 DEG C -1200 DEG C of reaction temperature, releases blowing
Slag, sample examination repeat step lead element content into melt A and are lower than 5%；
D) to being passed through step B in Kaldo Furnace (20)) in oxygen-enriched air, reacted under 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C of reaction temperature
120min~180min, releases blowing slag, and sample examination repeats step selenium element content into melt A and is lower than 2%；
E) into Kaldo Furnace (20) be added 20kg~80kg sodium carbonate, be passed through step B) in oxygen-enriched air, 1100 DEG C~
40min~60min is reacted under 1200 DEG C of reaction temperature, releases blowing slag, and sample examination repeats the step and contains into melt A
Selenium, tellurium, lead, antimony, bismuth element are below 0.01%, are lower than 1.5% containing copper.
2. Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step A) in Lavalle
Nozzle (11) throat pipe diameter D1 and outlet diameter D2 meets claimed below: 17.5mm≤D1≤22mm, 21.1mm≤D2≤
26.5mm, 0.687877≤D1/D2≤0.723558.
3. Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the Laval nozzle (11)
Flow be 900Nm3/ h~1200Nm3/h。
4. Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step B) in pure oxygen pipeline
Tube core and compressed air pipe tube core between angle be 45 °~90 °.
5. Kaldo Furnace oxygen-enriched air converting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step C) in repetitive operation
When according to the result of laboratory test of previous action calculate quartz sand additional amount, quartz sand additional amount be melt A in lead tolerance 1/
3。
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111549233A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-18 | 金隆铜业有限公司 | Method for recovering lead and bismuth from copper anode mud smelting slag |
| CN113532795A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-22 | 江西理工大学 | Kaldo furnace hydraulics experimental apparatus |
| CN114672661A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-28 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for judging precious metal smelting converting end point of Kaldo furnace |
| CN114854998A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-05 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Carbonylation alloy vulcanization treatment process |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111549233A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-18 | 金隆铜业有限公司 | Method for recovering lead and bismuth from copper anode mud smelting slag |
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| CN114672661A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-28 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for judging precious metal smelting converting end point of Kaldo furnace |
| CN114854998A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-05 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Carbonylation alloy vulcanization treatment process |
| CN114854998B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2024-01-26 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Carbonylation alloy vulcanization treatment process |
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