CN110052651B - Method for machining circular reducing workpiece of vertical lathe - Google Patents

Method for machining circular reducing workpiece of vertical lathe Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110052651B
CN110052651B CN201910281231.7A CN201910281231A CN110052651B CN 110052651 B CN110052651 B CN 110052651B CN 201910281231 A CN201910281231 A CN 201910281231A CN 110052651 B CN110052651 B CN 110052651B
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China
Prior art keywords
processed
fixing plate
auxiliary fixing
thickness
side wall
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CN201910281231.7A
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CN110052651A (en
Inventor
韩宏升
韩雪晴
韩佳杰
王超
赵海洋
李月梅
姜亚君
董世运
李正阳
雷剑波
钟顺
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Hebei Ruizhao Laser Remanufacture Technology Co ltd
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Hebei Ruizhao Laser Remanufacture Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
    • B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
    • B23Q2703/10—Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lathe workpiece processing, and provides a method for processing a circular reducing workpiece of a vertical lathe, which comprises the following steps: s1, designing an auxiliary fixing plate to be complementary with the shape of the material to be processed to form a complete circle, wherein the thickness of the material to be processed is a first thickness, and the thickness of the auxiliary fixing plate is a second thickness, and the first thickness is larger than the second thickness; s2, splicing the auxiliary fixing plate and the material to be processed according to a whole circle forming mode and fixing the auxiliary fixing plate and the material to be processed on a chuck together; s3, adjusting the cutting amount of the milling cutter to ensure that the height of the working surface where the cutter point is positioned is larger than a second thickness, and the difference between the first thickness and the height of the working surface is larger than the second thickness; s4, starting a lathe milling cutter to perform first internal circle cutting on the material to be processed; and turning over the material to be processed, fixing the material to be processed according to the method of S2, and performing secondary internal circle cutting on the material to be processed to obtain the non-full-circle annular workpiece. The invention can be used for fixing semicircular, segmental and arched materials to be processed and assisting in alignment, and improves the production efficiency and quality.

Description

Method for machining circular reducing workpiece of vertical lathe
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for processing a workpiece of a vertical lathe, in particular to a method for processing a circular workpiece with different diameters by using a vertical lathe.
Background
In the working process of the numerical control milling machine, a circular workpiece is usually required to be processed, at the moment, a disc-shaped material to be processed is required to be fixed on a machine tool by using a clamping device, then the tool depth of a milling cutter is adjusted, and the disc-shaped material to be processed is cut, dug and rounded to obtain the circular workpiece. As shown in fig. 1, a typical jig 90 for manufacturing the circular workpiece is provided. The clamping device 90 is fixed around the disc-shaped material to clamp and fix the disc-shaped material, and then the lathe milling cutter is started to move and cut, so that a complete circle is cut off to manufacture the circular workpiece 80.
However, in other practical requirements, it is necessary to process a workpiece in the shape of a semicircular ring, a circular segment ring, a circular arch ring, etc., and the material used is a semicircular, circular segment, circular arch sheet material rather than a full circular sheet material. However, the clamping device 90 is usually used for clamping a square material to be machined or a disc-shaped material to be machined, and if the clamping device 90 is applied, the non-round material to be machined cannot be fixed and the alignment (such as centering) can be assisted, and even the movement track of the milling cutter needs to be adjusted again, which will cause the reduction of the machining efficiency of the workpiece and the difficulty in ensuring the machining quality of the workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for processing a circular workpiece with different diameters by using a vertical lathe, which is suitable for processing a non-full-circle workpiece and improves the processing efficiency and the production quality of the workpiece.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a method for processing a circle of a different-diameter workpiece on a vertical lathe comprises the following steps:
s1, designing an auxiliary fixing plate to be complementary with the shape of the material to be processed to form a complete circle, wherein the thickness of the material to be processed is a first thickness, the thickness of the auxiliary fixing plate is a second thickness, and the first thickness is larger than the second thickness;
s2, splicing the auxiliary fixing plate and the material to be processed according to a complete circle forming mode, and fixing the auxiliary fixing plate and the material to be processed on a lathe chuck together;
s3, adjusting the lower cutting amount of the lathe milling cutter to ensure that the height of the working surface where the cutting edge is positioned is larger than the second thickness and the difference between the first thickness and the height of the working surface is larger than the second thickness;
s4, starting a lathe milling cutter, and firstly carrying out primary internal circle cutting on the material to be processed; and turning over the material to be processed, fixing the material according to the method in the step S2, and then starting the lathe milling cutter again to perform secondary internal circle cutting on the material to be processed to obtain the non-full-circle annular workpiece.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the shape of the material to be processed is a semicircle, a segment, or an arch.
In this application, a circle is divided into two parts by a non-diameter chord, wherein the part larger than the semicircle is called a segment of a circle, and the part smaller than the semicircle is called a dome.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the diameter of the auxiliary fixing plate is equivalent to the diameter of the material to be processed, and the difference is not more than ± 4%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the auxiliary fixing plate includes a first side wall and a second side wall, the first side wall is a side corresponding to a chord of the auxiliary fixing plate, and the second side wall is a side corresponding to a circular arc of the auxiliary fixing plate, wherein the first side wall of the auxiliary fixing plate forms an extension plate along a thickness direction, so that a cross section of the auxiliary fixing plate is L-shaped. Therefore, the contact area of the first side wall and the material to be processed which is actually abutted to each other is increased, the material to be processed is prevented from being extruded, turned over and displaced, and the stability of the material to be processed which is fixed is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, at least 4 clamping seats are provided on the chuck, and the clamping seats are uniformly distributed on a circumference at an equal circumferential angle; the clamping seat surrounds and abuts against the second side wall of the auxiliary fixing plate and one side of the arc of the material to be processed, so that the first side wall of the auxiliary fixing plate and one side of the chord of the material to be processed are abutted against each other.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the number of the clamping seats is 4, 6 or 8, and the clamping seats are uniformly distributed on a circumference at equal circumferential angles.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the cassette can be moved along the chuck to adjust its position and be positioned. Therefore, the method can meet the machining requirements of workpieces with different diameters.
In an embodiment of the invention, in step S2, the clamping seat includes a clamping surface, and the clamping surface is configured to abut against the second sidewall of the auxiliary fixing plate and one side of the arc of the material to be processed, so as to clamp the material to be processed of the auxiliary fixing plate towards the middle.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the clamping surface is provided with an adjustable clamping bolt.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the non-full-circle-ring-shaped workpiece is a plate-shaped workpiece having a semicircular ring shape, a segmental ring shape, or a circular arch ring shape.
(III) advantageous effects
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the processing method of the reducing circular workpiece can be used for fixing semicircular, segmental and dome-shaped materials to be processed and assisting in alignment, so that a chuck of a vertical lathe can be used for fixing non-full-circle materials to be processed, circle cutting operation can be rapidly carried out on the semicircular, segmental and dome-shaped materials to be processed, semicircular, segmental and dome-shaped plate-shaped workpieces can be manufactured, and the production processing efficiency and the production quality of the non-full-circle workpieces are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional clamping device 90.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary fixing plate according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a use state of the auxiliary fixing plate according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of manufacturing a semicircular workpiece by using the clamping device of embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a card socket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a schematic structural view of an auxiliary fixing plate 40 designed for manufacturing a semicircular workpiece (with an arc angle equal to 180 °).
When the auxiliary fixing plate 40 is designed, it is required to design according to the size of the semicircular material 50 to be processed, so that the auxiliary fixing plate 40 is semicircular and can complement the semicircular material 50 to be processed into a complete circle. The auxiliary fixing plate 40 includes a first sidewall 41 and a second sidewall 42, the first sidewall 41 is a side corresponding to a diameter of the auxiliary fixing plate 40, and the second sidewall 42 is a side corresponding to a circular arc of the auxiliary fixing plate 40.
The first side wall 41 of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 is formed with an extension wall a along the thickness direction thereof so that the cross section of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 has an L-shape. Therefore, the contact area of the first side wall 41 of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 and the semicircular material to be processed 50 which is actually abutted to each other can be increased, and the semicircular material to be processed is prevented from being turned on one side and shifted due to extrusion, so that the clamping and positioning effects are prevented from being lost.
It is preferable that the auxiliary fixing plate 40 is designed to have a diameter corresponding to that of the semicircular material 50 to be processed with a tolerance of not more than ± 4%.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic view of the usage state of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 is shown, in this embodiment, a semicircular plate-shaped workpiece needs to be processed.
The auxiliary fixing plate 40 is mounted to the chuck 30 of the vertical lathe together with the semicircular material to be machined 50. The chuck 30 is provided with four clamping seats 20, and the clamping seats 20 are uniformly distributed on a circumference in an equal circumferential angle.
The auxiliary fixing plate 40 and the semicircular material to be processed 50 are spliced into a whole circle. Specifically, the semicircular material to be machined 50 is abutted with the first side wall 41 of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 at one side of the diameter thereof, and the four clamping seats 20 surround and abut the second side wall 42 of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 and the semicircular arc side of the semicircular material to be machined 50, thereby fixing the semicircular material to be machined 50 on the chuck 30 so that the lathe milling cutter performs the cutting process on the middle of the semicircular material to be machined 50.
Next, as shown in fig. 4, the process of machining the semicircular annular workpiece by the method of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the cutting amount of the milling cutter is adjusted, so that the height H1 of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 is less than the height H3 of the semicircular material 50 to be processed, namely the height H2 of the processing surface, and the height H1 of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 is less than the height H2 of the processing surface.
(2) Starting a lathe milling cutter, and firstly carrying out first internal circle cutting on the semicircular material to be processed 50; and then, turning over the semicircular material to be processed 50, fixing the semicircular material to be processed according to the method shown in the figure 3, and turning on the lathe milling cutter again to perform secondary internal circle cutting on the semicircular material to be processed 50 to obtain a non-full-circle annular workpiece.
Because H1 < H2, the milling cutter can not touch and cut the auxiliary fixing plate 40 when the milling cutter cuts the inner circle for the first time; and because H1 < H3-H2, the milling cutter can not touch and cut the auxiliary fixing plate 40 during the second internal circle cutting. After the two times of stepwise cutting and rounding, the semicircular material to be processed 50 is processed into a semicircular workpiece.
It should be noted that the method of the present invention is not limited to the processing of semicircular workpieces, and other semicircular workpieces may also be processed, such as the processing of cutting a complete circle on a semicircular workpiece to be processed.
Further, the number of the clamping seats 20 on the chuck 30 is 4, 6 or 8, and the clamping seats are uniformly distributed on a circumference in an equal circumferential angle. Further, the cartridge 20 can be moved in a radial direction of the chuck, finely adjusted in position, and positioned. Therefore, the processing method can meet the processing requirements of semicircular workpieces with different diameters.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of the card socket of embodiment 1 is shown. Each clamping seat 20 comprises a clamping surface 22, and the clamping surface 22 is used for abutting against the second side wall 42 of the auxiliary fixing plate 40 and the semicircular arc side of the semicircular material to be processed 50 so as to clamp the auxiliary fixing plate 40 and the semicircular material to be processed 50 towards the middle. Preferably, the clamping surface 22 is provided with an adjustable clamping bolt 23, and one end of the clamping bolt 23 abuts on the auxiliary fixing plate 40 and the semicircular material to be processed 50.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary fixing plate 60 designed for manufacturing a segmental (arc angle greater than 180 °) workpiece.
Since the material 50A to be processed is in the shape of a segment, the auxiliary fixing plate 60 is designed to be complementary to the material 50A to be processed to form a complete circle, that is, the auxiliary fixing plate 60 is designed to be in the shape of a dome. It is preferable that the auxiliary fixing plate 60 is designed to have a diameter corresponding to that of the material 50A to be processed with a tolerance of not more than ± 4%.
The auxiliary fixing plate 60 includes a first side wall 61 and a second side wall 62, the first side wall 61 being a side corresponding to a chord of the auxiliary fixing plate 60, and the second side wall 62 being a side corresponding to a circular arc of the auxiliary fixing plate 60. The first side wall 61 of the auxiliary fixing plate 60 forms an extension wall along the thickness direction thereof, so that the cross section of the auxiliary fixing plate 60 is L-shaped. Therefore, the contact area of the first side wall 61 of the auxiliary fixing plate 60 and the circular-segment-shaped material 50A to be processed in mutual abutting joint can be increased, and the material 50A to be processed is prevented from being turned on one side and shifted due to being extruded, and the clamping and positioning effect is prevented from being lost.
The auxiliary fixing plate 60 of the present embodiment is fixed between the plurality of clamping seats 20 of the chuck 30 together with the segmental material 50A to be processed in a full circle.
The fixing manner and the two-time stepwise processing of the material to be processed 50A are the inner circle cutting processing procedures, as described in example 1. The lower cutting amount of the milling cutter is adjusted, so that the height H1 of the auxiliary fixing plate 60 is less than the height H3 of the segmental material to be machined 50A, namely the height H2 of a machining surface (a plane where a cutting edge at the lower part of the milling cutter is located), and the height H1 of the auxiliary fixing plate 60 is less than the height H2 of the machining surface.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 7, the present invention provides a schematic structural view of an auxiliary fixing plate 70 designed for manufacturing a work having a circular arch shape (arc angle less than 180 °).
Since the material 50B to be processed is in the shape of a dome, the auxiliary fixing plate 70 is designed to be complementary to the material 50A to be processed to form a complete circle, that is, the auxiliary fixing plate 70 is designed to be in the shape of a segment. It is preferable that the auxiliary fixing plate 70 is designed to have a diameter corresponding to that of the material 50B to be processed with a tolerance of not more than ± 4%.
The auxiliary fixing plate 70 includes a first side wall 71 and a second side wall 72, the first side wall 71 being a side corresponding to a chord of the auxiliary fixing plate 70, and the second side wall 72 being a side corresponding to a circular arc of the auxiliary fixing plate 70. The first side wall 71 of the auxiliary fixing plate 70 is formed with an extension wall along the thickness direction thereof, so that the cross section of the auxiliary fixing plate 60 is L-shaped. Therefore, the contact area of the first side wall 71 of the auxiliary fixing plate 70 and the arc-shaped material to be processed 50B which is actually abutted against each other can be increased, and the material to be processed 50B is prevented from being laterally turned and displaced due to being extruded and losing the clamping and positioning effects.
The auxiliary fixing plate 70 of the present embodiment is fixed between the plurality of clamping seats 20 of the chuck 30 together with the material to be processed 50B having a circular arc shape in a manner of being spliced into a full circle. The cutting amount of the milling cutter is adjusted, so that the height H1 of the auxiliary fixing plate 70 is less than the height H3 of the round-arch-shaped material to be processed 50B, the height H2 of a processing surface (a plane where a cutting edge at the lower part of the milling cutter is located), and the height H1 of the auxiliary fixing plate 70 is less than the height H2 of the processing surface. The fixing manner and the two-time stepwise processing of the material to be processed 50B are the inner circle cutting processing, as described in example 1.

Claims (9)

1. A method for processing a circular reducing workpiece of a vertical lathe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing an auxiliary fixing plate to be complementary with the shape of the material to be processed to form a complete circle, wherein the thickness of the material to be processed is a first thickness, the thickness of the auxiliary fixing plate is a second thickness, and the first thickness is larger than the second thickness;
s2, splicing the auxiliary fixing plate and the material to be processed according to a complete circle forming mode, and fixing the auxiliary fixing plate and the material to be processed on a lathe chuck together;
s3, adjusting the lower cutting amount of the lathe milling cutter to ensure that the height of the working surface where the cutting edge is positioned is larger than the second thickness and the difference between the first thickness and the height of the working surface is larger than the second thickness;
s4, starting a lathe milling cutter, and firstly carrying out primary internal circle cutting on the material to be processed; and then turning over the material to be processed, fixing the material according to the method in the step S2, and then starting the lathe milling cutter again to perform secondary inner circle cutting on the material to be processed to obtain the non-full-circle annular workpiece.
2. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the shape of the material to be processed is a semicircle, a segment, or a dome.
3. The machining method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the diameter of the auxiliary fixing plate is equivalent to the diameter of the material to be machined, and the difference is not more than ± 4%.
4. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the auxiliary fixing plate includes a first side wall and a second side wall, the first side wall is a side corresponding to a chord of the auxiliary fixing plate, the second side wall is a side corresponding to a circular arc of the auxiliary fixing plate, and the first side wall of the auxiliary fixing plate forms an extension plate in a thickness direction so that the cross section of the auxiliary fixing plate is L-shaped.
5. The machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S2, the chuck is provided with at least 4 clamping seats, and the clamping seats are uniformly distributed on a circumference in an equal circumferential angle; the clamping seat surrounds and abuts against the second side wall of the auxiliary fixing plate and one side of the arc of the material to be processed, so that the first side wall of the auxiliary fixing plate and one side of the chord of the material to be processed are abutted against each other.
6. The machining method according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, the cartridge is capable of being moved along the chuck to adjust its position and position.
7. The machining method according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, the clamping seat includes a clamping surface for abutting against the second side wall of the auxiliary fixing plate and one side of the arc of the material to be machined so as to clamp the auxiliary fixing plate and the material to be machined toward the middle.
8. The machining method according to claim 7, wherein in step S2, the clamping surface is provided with an adjustable clamping bolt.
9. The machining method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the non-full-circle ring-shaped workpiece is a plate-shaped workpiece having a semicircular ring shape, a segmental ring shape, or a circular arch ring shape.
CN201910281231.7A 2019-04-09 2019-04-09 Method for machining circular reducing workpiece of vertical lathe Active CN110052651B (en)

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CN201910281231.7A CN110052651B (en) 2019-04-09 2019-04-09 Method for machining circular reducing workpiece of vertical lathe

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910281231.7A CN110052651B (en) 2019-04-09 2019-04-09 Method for machining circular reducing workpiece of vertical lathe

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CN110052651B true CN110052651B (en) 2022-05-13

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3612842B2 (en) * 1996-02-29 2005-01-19 株式会社明電舎 Work positioning device
ITMO20050297A1 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-11 Scm Group Spa SUPPORT SYSTEM
CN203156380U (en) * 2012-12-27 2013-08-28 南通江华机械有限公司 Plane lathing clamp used for clamping two semi-arc workpieces
CN206527547U (en) * 2017-01-22 2017-09-29 湖北远成鄂弓汽车悬架弹簧有限公司 A kind of fixture for car semicircular workpieces
CN208428003U (en) * 2018-08-02 2019-01-25 龙工（江西）机械有限公司 The semicircle orifice bore hole clamping apparatus of abnormal workpieces

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