CN110125439B - Device for thin-wall bushing unstressed clamping finish turning inner hole and using method - Google Patents
Device for thin-wall bushing unstressed clamping finish turning inner hole and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110125439B CN110125439B CN201910426931.0A CN201910426931A CN110125439B CN 110125439 B CN110125439 B CN 110125439B CN 201910426931 A CN201910426931 A CN 201910426931A CN 110125439 B CN110125439 B CN 110125439B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B5/26—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for simultaneously turning internal and external surfaces of a body
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
- Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for carrying out stress-free clamping and finish turning on an inner hole of a thin-wall bushing, which comprises a mandrel and a pressing end cover, wherein the mandrel is used for being installed on the thin-wall bushing; one end of the mandrel is provided with a positioning hole for mounting the thin-wall bushing, and the axis of the positioning hole is coaxial with the axis of the mandrel. The using method comprises the following steps: the end face chamfer conical surface of the outer cylindrical surface of the thin-wall bushing is in contact with the spherical surface of the self-centering hard rubber ring, so that the radial self-centering positioning function is realized; and then, the radial auxiliary centering of the bushing is realized by utilizing a limiting hard rubber ring, so that the deformation and the machining allowance of the part are uniformly distributed before machining, the axis of the clamp body is concentric with the axis of the part, and the axial positioning is realized at the same time. The invention has double self-centering structures, can realize stress release in the processing process, does not have clamping stress or correction deformation, and does not generate new deformation after the parts are disassembled, thereby ensuring that the size of an inner hole meets the design requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thin-wall bushing clamping, in particular to a device for finish turning an inner hole of a thin-wall bushing in a stress-free clamping mode and a using method.
Background
In civil aviation, a large number of large-diameter thin-wall bushings with the diameter larger than 90 and the diameter-wall thickness ratio larger than 40 are arranged, and the dimensional tolerance of the inner circle and the outer circle is 0.02-0.03 mm. Because the material is structural steel, and structural rigidity is not good, the traditional mode of processing is that numerical control lathe begins from the pole clamping, and rough finishing excircle and hole are cut off after the clamping shaping of once. The mode can ensure good coaxiality of the inner circle and the outer circle, but after the part is disassembled from the three-jaw chuck on the machine tool, the part is deformed due to stress release, and the diameter size deformation of the inner circle and the outer circle reaches 0.05-0.07 mm. If the allowance finish machining is left for the inner circle and the outer circle, the deformation can be corrected in the traditional mode during clamping, the radial clamping force can be generated, the inner hole can be machined in place and disassembled, due to stress release, the part deformation is generated, the part tolerance is caused, the production is delayed, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for clamping and finish turning an inner hole of a thin-wall bushing without stress and a using method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for carrying out stress-free clamping and finish turning on an inner hole of a thin-wall bushing comprises a mandrel and a pressing end cover, wherein the mandrel is used for being mounted on the thin-wall bushing; one end of the mandrel is provided with a positioning hole for mounting the thin-wall bushing, and the axis of the positioning hole is coaxial with the axis of the mandrel.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, a self-centering installation groove is arranged on the mandrel, the self-centering installation groove is arranged on one side of the positioning hole, which is far away from the pressing end cover, the self-centering installation groove is in a ring shape, and the circle center of the self-centering installation groove and the axis of the mandrel are on the same straight line; the self-centering hard rubber ring is arranged in the self-centering mounting groove, and one end, far away from the pressing end cover, of the thin-wall bushing is in contact with a fourth quadrant of the section of the self-centering hard rubber ring; the self-centering mounting groove is communicated with the positioning hole.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, a limit groove is arranged on the end surface of the mandrel close to the compressing end cover, the limit groove is in a ring shape, and the circle center of the limit groove and the axis of the mandrel are on the same straight line; the positioning structure also comprises a limiting hard rubber ring arranged in the limiting groove, the inner diameter of the limiting hard rubber ring is D, the inner diameter of the positioning hole is D, and the diameter of D-D is more than or equal to 0.4mm and more than or equal to 0.2 mm; the limiting groove is communicated with the positioning hole.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the inner diameter of the positioning hole is H, the outer diameter of the thin-wall bushing is H, and the diameter of the thin-wall bushing is more than or equal to 0.2mm and more than or equal to H-H and more than or equal to 0.1 mm.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the outer side of one end of the mandrel close to the compression end cover is provided with an external thread, and the compression end cover comprises a connecting surface provided with an internal thread and a compression surface for abutting against one end of the thin-wall bushing close to the compression end cover.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, an inner hole is arranged on the compression surface, and the circle center of the inner hole and the axis of the mandrel are on the same straight line; the diameter of hole is E, the internal diameter of thin wall bush is F, the relation of the diameter of hole, the internal diameter of thin wall bush, the external diameter of thin wall bush does: h is more than E and less than F. Therefore, a special cutter is not required to be specially manufactured to avoid interference, and the inner hole finish turning can be realized by the conventional turning scheme.
A thin-wall bush unstressed clamping finish turning inner hole device using method, utilizing the contact of the chamfer conical surface of the end surface of the outer cylindrical surface of the thin-wall bush and the spherical surface of a self-centering hard rubber ring to realize the radial self-centering positioning function; and then, the radial auxiliary centering of the bushing is realized by utilizing a limiting hard rubber ring, so that the deformation and the machining allowance of the part are uniformly distributed before machining, the axis of the clamp body is concentric with the axis of the part, and the axial positioning is realized at the same time.
Further, in order to better implement the invention, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: sleeving a self-centering hard rubber ring in the self-centering mounting groove;
step S2: installing the thin-wall bushing into the positioning hole;
step S3: a mounting and limiting hard rubber ring is sleeved in the limiting groove;
step S4: rotating the pressing end cover to enable the internal thread of the connecting surface to be in threaded connection with the external thread of the mandrel until the pressing surface presses the end surface of the thin-wall bushing to form a fixture body;
step S5: the clamp body is quickly arranged on a numerical control lathe through a three-jaw chuck; the three-jaw chuck clamps the clamping area of the three-jaw chuck of the mandrel to complete radial positioning of the chuck body, the end face of the three jaw abuts against the end face of the clamping area of the three-jaw chuck to complete axial positioning of the chuck body, and double self-centering functions are achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the invention effectively solves the problem that the deformation of the inner circle and the outer circle is out of tolerance after the large-diameter thin-wall bushing is roughly and finely turned in place once and is taken off a machine tool;
(2) in the invention, a gap within the range of 0.1-0.2mm is arranged between the positioning hole and the thin-wall bushing, so that stress-free clamping, correction deformation and stress release in the machining process are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a self-centering hard rubber ring and a limiting hard rubber ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the mandrel of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the compression end cap of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the self-centering hard rubber ring in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of a hard stop rubber ring according to the present invention;
wherein 1, mandrel; 2. self-centering hard rubber rings; 3. a hard rubber ring is limited; 4. pressing the end cover; 5. a thin-walled bushing; 6. a three-jaw chuck clamping zone; 7. a self-centering mounting groove; 8. positioning holes; 9. a limiting groove; 10. an external thread; 11. a connecting surface; 111-a threaded hole; 12. a surface of rotation; 13. a compression surface; 131-end cap inner hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1:
the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, as shown in figures 1-7, the device for the stress-free clamping finish turning of the inner hole of the thin-wall bushing comprises a mandrel 1 and a pressing end cover 4, wherein the mandrel 1 is used for being installed on the thin-wall bushing 5, and the pressing end cover is matched with the mandrel 1 for use and is used for pressing the thin-wall bushing 5; one end of the mandrel 1 is provided with a positioning hole 8 for installing the thin-wall bushing 5, and the axis of the positioning hole 8 is coaxial with the axis of the mandrel 1.
The mandrel 1 is provided with a self-centering mounting groove 7, the self-centering mounting groove 7 is arranged on one side, away from the pressing end cover 4, of a positioning hole 8, the self-centering mounting groove 7 is circular, and the circle center of the self-centering mounting groove 7 is on the same straight line with the axis of the mandrel 1; the self-centering hard rubber ring 2 is arranged in the self-centering mounting groove 7, and one end, far away from the pressing end cover 4, of the thin-wall bushing 5 is in contact with a fourth quadrant of the section of the self-centering hard rubber ring 2, so that a radial self-centering positioning function is realized; the self-centering mounting groove 7 is communicated with the positioning hole 8.
The limiting hard rubber ring 3 realizes radial auxiliary positioning of the thin-wall bushing 5, so that deformation and machining allowance are uniformly distributed before machining, the axis of the clamp body is concentric with the axis of the part, and axial positioning is realized.
The radial direction of the part has no pressing force, the pressing surface 13 of the pressing end cover 4 is used for pressing the end face of the bushing through threaded connection, and meanwhile, the self-centering hard rubber ring is in contact with the large-diameter thin-wall bushing 5 made of rigid materials to provide larger friction force, so that axial pressing is realized, the pressing force is parallel to the direction with the best rigidity of the part, and the radial pressing deformation of the part is prevented.
Quadrant: the quadrants are four areas divided by a horizontal axis and a vertical axis in a plane rectangular coordinate system, and each area is called a quadrant. The quadrant is centered at the origin and the x, y axes are the dividing lines. The upper right is called the first quadrant, the upper left is called the second quadrant, the lower left is called the third quadrant, and the lower right is called the fourth quadrant. Points on the coordinate axis do not belong to any quadrant.
One end of the preferable thin-wall bushing 5 far away from the pressing end cover 4 is in contact with the fourth quadrant of the cross section of the hard rubber ring within the range of 45-60 degrees, so that the radial self-centering positioning function is realized.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, further optimization is performed on the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 4, a limiting groove 9 is provided on an end surface of the mandrel 1 close to the pressing end cover 4, the limiting groove 9 is circular, and a circle center of the limiting groove 9 and an axis of the mandrel 1 are on the same straight line; the positioning structure also comprises a limiting hard rubber ring 3 arranged in a limiting groove 9, the inner diameter of the limiting hard rubber ring 3 is D, the inner diameter of the positioning hole 8 is D, and the diameter D-D is more than or equal to 0.4mm and more than or equal to 0.2 mm; the limiting groove 9 is communicated with the positioning hole 8.
The inner diameter of the positioning hole 8 is H, the outer diameter of the thin-wall bushing 5 is H, and H-H is more than or equal to 0.2mm and more than or equal to 0.1 mm; the positioning holes 8 do not play a positioning role, and the gap of 0.1-0.2mm can release the stress in the processing process and realize radial stress-free clamping.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 3:
the present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, and further, in order to better implement the present invention, an outer thread 10 is disposed on an outer side of one end of the mandrel 1 close to the pressing end cover 4, and the pressing end cover 4 includes a connecting surface 11 provided with an inner thread and a pressing surface 13 for abutting against one end of the thin-walled bushing 5 close to the pressing end cover 4.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, an end cover inner hole 131 is provided on the pressing surface 13, and the center of the end cover inner hole 131 is on the same straight line with the axis of the mandrel 1; the diameter of the end cover inner hole 131 is E, the inner diameter of the thin-wall bushing 5 is F, and the relationship among the diameter of the end cover inner hole 131, the inner diameter of the thin-wall bushing 5 and the outer diameter of the thin-wall bushing 5 is as follows: h is more than E and less than F. Therefore, a special cutter is not required to be specially manufactured to avoid interference, and the inner hole finish turning can be realized by the conventional turning scheme.
The pressing end cover 4 is a cylinder, a threaded hole 111 is formed in one side, close to the mandrel, of the pressing end cover 4, the internal thread of the threaded hole 111 is matched with the external thread 10 on the mandrel 1 for use, connection of the pressing end cover 4 and the mandrel 1 is achieved, an end cover inner hole 131 is formed in one side, far away from the mandrel 1, of the pressing end cover 4, and the axis of the end cover inner hole 131, the axis of the threaded hole 111 and the axis of the mandrel 1 are located on the same straight line. The connecting surface 11 of the pressing end cover 4 is a surface provided with internal threads in the threaded hole 111; the outer side surface of the cylinder is a rotating surface 12 of the pressing end cover 4, and the surface of the pressing end cover 4 far away from the mandrel 1 is a pressing surface 13. The end cap bore 131 communicates with the threaded bore.
As shown in fig. 2, the end cover inner hole 131 of the compression end cover 4 has a diameter between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the large-diameter thin-walled bushing 5, so that the conventional turning scheme can finish-machine the inner hole without a special tool to avoid interference.
The self-centering hard rubber ring 2 is preferably made of a rubber material, and the rubber material can provide larger friction force when the self-centering hard rubber ring 2 is in contact with the thin-wall bushing 5 made of a rigid material, so that axial compression is realized.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 4:
in the embodiment, the use method of the thin-wall bushing unstressed clamping finish turning inner hole device is further optimized on the basis of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-7, and the radial self-centering positioning function is realized by utilizing the spherical contact of the chamfer conical surface of the end surface of the outer cylindrical surface of the thin-wall bushing 5 and the spherical surface of the self-centering hard rubber ring 2; and then, the radial auxiliary centering of the bushing is realized by utilizing the limiting hard rubber ring 3, so that the deformation and the machining allowance of the part are uniformly distributed before machining, the axis of the clamp body is concentric with the axis of the part, and the axial positioning is realized at the same time.
Further, in order to better implement the invention, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: sleeving the self-centering hard rubber ring 2 in the self-centering mounting groove 7;
step S2: installing the thin-wall bushing 5 into the positioning hole 8;
step S3: the installation limiting hard rubber ring 3 is sleeved in the limiting groove 9;
step S4: the rotating surface 12 is rotated to drive the rotating compression end cover 4 to be in threaded connection with the internal thread of the connecting surface 11 and the external thread 10 of the mandrel 1 until the compression surface 13 compresses the end surface of the thin-wall bushing 5 to form a fixture body;
step S5: the clamp body is quickly arranged on a numerical control lathe through a three-jaw chuck; the three-jaw chuck clamps a three-jaw chuck clamping area 6 of the mandrel 1 to complete radial positioning of the chuck body, the end face of the three jaw abuts against the end face of the three-jaw chuck clamping area 6 to complete axial positioning of the chuck body, and double self-centering functions are achieved.
It should be noted that, through the above improvement, the three-jaw chuck can realize self-centering, so that the axis of the fixture body is concentric with the axis of the machine tool while the axis of the mandrel 1 is coaxial with the axis of the inner hole 131 of the end cover of the thin-wall bushing 5 to be processed, and a double self-centering function is realized. The clamping mode of the three-jaw chuck can realize quick clamping, and the clamping time is saved.
After the thin-wall bushing 5 is subjected to semi-finish machining, the finish turning allowance of 0.2-0.3mm is reserved in the radius direction of an inner hole and an outer circle, and the diameter size deformation of 0.05-0.07mm can be generated.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a device of thin wall bush unstressed clamping finish turning hole which characterized in that: the device comprises a mandrel (1) installed on a thin-wall bushing (5), and a pressing end cover (4) matched with the mandrel (1) and used for pressing the thin-wall bushing (5); one end of the mandrel (1) is provided with a positioning hole (8) for mounting the thin-wall bushing (5), and the axis of the positioning hole (8) is coaxial with the axis of the mandrel (1); a self-centering mounting groove (7) is formed in the mandrel (1), the self-centering mounting groove (7) is formed in one side, away from the pressing end cover (4), of the positioning hole (8), the self-centering mounting groove (7) is circular, and the circle center of the self-centering mounting groove (7) and the axis of the mandrel (1) are on the same straight line; the self-centering hard rubber ring (2) is arranged in the self-centering mounting groove (7), and one end, far away from the pressing end cover (4), of the thin-wall bushing (5) is in contact with a fourth quadrant of the section of the self-centering hard rubber ring (2); the self-centering mounting groove (7) is communicated with the positioning hole (8); a limiting groove (9) is formed in the end face, close to the pressing end cover (4), of the mandrel (1), the limiting groove (9) is circular, and the circle center of the limiting groove (9) and the axis of the mandrel (1) are on the same straight line; the positioning structure also comprises a limiting hard rubber ring (3) arranged in the limiting groove (9), the inner diameter of the limiting hard rubber ring (3) is D, the inner diameter of the positioning hole (8) is D, and D-D is more than or equal to 0.4mm and more than or equal to 0.2 mm; the limiting groove (9) is communicated with the positioning hole (8).
2. The device for the thin-wall bushing unstressed clamping finish turning of the inner hole of the thin-wall bushing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the inner diameter of the positioning hole (8) is H, the outer diameter of the thin-wall bushing (5) is H, and H-H is more than or equal to 0.2mm and more than or equal to 0.1 mm.
3. The device for the thin-wall bushing unstressed clamping finish turning of the inner hole of the thin-wall bushing according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the outer side of one end, close to the compression end cover (4), of the mandrel (1) is provided with an external thread (10), and the compression end cover (4) comprises a connecting surface (11) provided with an internal thread and a compression surface (13) used for abutting against one end, close to the compression end cover (4), of the thin-wall bushing (5).
4. The device for the thin-wall bushing unstressed clamping finish turning of the inner hole of the thin-wall bushing according to claim 3, is characterized in that: an end cover inner hole (131) is formed in the compression surface (13), and the circle center of the end cover inner hole (131) and the axis of the mandrel (1) are on the same straight line; the diameter of the end cover inner hole (131) is E, the inner diameter of the thin-wall bushing (5) is F, and the relationship among the diameter of the end cover inner hole (131), the inner diameter of the thin-wall bushing (5) and the outer diameter of the thin-wall bushing (5) is as follows: h is more than E and less than F.
5. The use method of the device for the stress-free clamping finish turning of the inner hole of the thin-wall bushing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that: the radial self-centering positioning function is realized by utilizing the contact of the chamfer conical surface of the end surface of the outer cylindrical surface of the thin-wall bushing (5) and the spherical surface of the self-centering hard rubber ring (2); and then, the radial auxiliary centering of the bushing is realized by utilizing the limiting hard rubber ring (3), so that the deformation and the machining allowance of the part are uniformly distributed before machining, the axis of the clamp body is concentric with the axis of the part, and the axial positioning is realized at the same time.
6. The use method of the device for the thin-wall bushing unstressed clamping finish turning of the inner hole according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: sleeving a self-centering hard rubber ring (2) in a self-centering mounting groove (7);
step S2: installing the thin-wall bushing (5) into the positioning hole (8);
step S3: the mounting and limiting hard rubber ring (3) is sleeved in the limiting groove (9);
step S4: rotating the pressing end cover (4) to enable the internal thread of the connecting surface (11) to be in threaded connection with the external thread (10) of the mandrel (1) until the pressing surface (13) presses the end surface of the thin-wall bushing (5) to form a fixture body;
step S5: the clamp body is quickly arranged on a numerical control lathe through a three-jaw chuck; the three-jaw chuck clamps a clamping area (6) of the three-jaw chuck of the mandrel (1) to complete radial positioning of the chuck body, the end face of the three jaw abuts against the end face of the clamping area (6) of the three-jaw chuck to complete axial positioning of the chuck body, and double self-centering functions are achieved.
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CN111922740A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-11-13 | 河北师范大学 | A lathe fixture with double eccentric thin-walled sleeves |
CN112743367B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-12-21 | 浙江先导精密机械有限公司 | Thin-wall part machining tool and using method thereof |
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