CN110049812B - Hybrid blade with wear resistant element and method for attaching wear resistant element to base portion of hybrid blade - Google Patents

Hybrid blade with wear resistant element and method for attaching wear resistant element to base portion of hybrid blade Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110049812B
CN110049812B CN201780075514.5A CN201780075514A CN110049812B CN 110049812 B CN110049812 B CN 110049812B CN 201780075514 A CN201780075514 A CN 201780075514A CN 110049812 B CN110049812 B CN 110049812B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
base part
wear
recess
intermediate element
wear element
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201780075514.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110049812A (en
Inventor
C·施密特
S·布劳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich GmbH and Co KG
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Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich GmbH and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B4/00—Shrinkage connections, e.g. assembled with the parts at different temperature; Force fits; Non-releasable friction-grip fastenings
    • F16B4/004—Press fits, force fits, interference fits, i.e. fits without heat or chemical treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/051—Stirrers characterised by their elements, materials or mechanical properties
    • B01F27/052—Stirrers with replaceable wearing elements; Wearing elements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/02—Bolts or sleeves for positioning of machine parts, e.g. notched taper pins, fitting pins, sleeves, eccentric positioning rings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hybrid blade comprising a base part (1) attachable to a shaft and comprising a wear element (8), wherein the wear element (8) is or is releasably attachable to the base part (1). In order to provide a mixing blade allowing the wear element (8) to be easily released from the base part (1), the invention proposes: for attaching the wear element (8) to the base part (1), at least one element selected from the group consisting of the wear element (8), the base part (1) and optionally an intermediate element arranged at least partially between the wear element (8) and the base part (1) is elastically deformed such that it exerts a force on another element from the group.

Description

Hybrid blade with wear resistant element and method for attaching wear resistant element to base portion of hybrid blade
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a mixing blade comprising a base part attachable to a shaft and comprising a wear element, wherein the wear element is or is releasably attachable to the base part. The invention also relates to a method of mounting a wear element to a base part.
Background
Such a hybrid blade with releasable wear elements is known, for example, from DE 102005019010 a 1.
Such mixing blades are used in mixers for processing particulate abrasive material.
Mixers are known which have one or more mixer shafts arranged perpendicularly to the bottom of the mixing vessel, which mixer shafts are provided with mixing blades arranged in a plurality of planes and extending radially. The mixing blades generally have a substantially rectangular cross section, wherein the cross-sectional shape is sometimes tapered to the leading edge of the mixing blade, so that the mixing blade as a whole is in the shape of a flat trapezoid with one side at right angles. In this case, the leading edge of the mixing blade is the edge that is forward in the direction of rotation of the corresponding rotor and, as the rotor rotates, it engages with the material to be mixed before the other parts of the mixing blade. The base portion is generally one-piece and comprises a relatively soft material. In order to provide protection against wear, it is known to mount a wear element to the base part. They may be welded in place and thus the hybrid blade may be replaced as a single unit only. Thus, a hybrid blade with a releasable wear element has been described in the above-mentioned DE 102005019010 a1, but the wear element is screwed to the base part.
This variant admittedly gives the option of replacing only the wear element, but in practice removing the wear element from the base part is often a difficult operation, since the fixing screw is also broken and gets dirty, so that releasing the screw is not always easy.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention, considering the background of the prior art, to propose a mixing blade which allows a simple release of the wear element from the base part.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in that: in order to attach the wear-resistant element to the base part, at least one element selected from the group consisting of the wear-resistant element, the base part, optionally an intermediate element arranged at least partially between the wear-resistant element and the base part is elastically deformed such that it exerts a force on the other element of the group.
This measure enables to dispense with any other means for attaching the wear element to the base part.
In an embodiment, it is possible, for example, for the wear element to have a sleeve-like configuration, so that it has a through-recess into which the base part can engage. In this case, the outer contour of the base part is slightly larger than the inner contour of the wear element, so that for attachment purposes the base part has to be cooled and/or the wear element has to be heated, whereby the inner contour of the recess in the wear element is enlarged and the wear element can be pushed over the base part. Once the temperatures of the base portion and the wear-resistant element have been equilibrated here, the wear-resistant element is firmly mounted on the base portion, while both the wear-resistant element and the base portion are elastically deformed.
If the wear-resistant element is to be released from the substrate portion again, the wear-resistant element must be heated again and the substrate portion must be cooled again, if possible.
Thus, the elastic deformation of the at least one element involves the wear element being supported on the base part.
It is not impossible to deform plastically other than elastically.
The term wear element having a sleeve-like configuration is also used herein to denote a wear element whose recess does not completely, but only partially, surround the base part. Therefore, sleeves "cut" in the longitudinal direction are also conceivable. In this case, the slits should extend less than 180 ° in the circumferential direction.
Thus, the term "sleeve-like" is used to denote any shape capable of surrounding the base portion over a circumferential angle of more than 180 °.
In a preferred embodiment, an intermediate element is arranged between the wear element and the base part, wherein the intermediate element has a greater elasticity than the base part and the wear element. When the wear element is attached to the base part, the elastic element is then substantially elastically deformed such that it bears both on the base part and on the wear element.
The intermediate element may comprise a plastic, preferably an elastomer, and particularly preferably a fluoroelastomer. Thus, for example, the base part may have a circular groove in which an elastic O-ring is arranged, such that in the attached state the O-ring is elastically deformed between on the one hand the wear element and on the other hand the base part, and thereby enables the wear element to be attached to the base part.
In particular in the case of the provision of an intermediate element, an additional plastic deformation of the intermediate element may be desired.
The force exerted by the elastic deformation on the other element should be greater than the force normally exerted on the wear-resistant element during operation of the mixing blade. Generally, the mixing blades are attached to the mixing shaft, and the mixing shaft is rotated about its axis, thereby exerting a centrifugal force on the mixing blades, which force exerted by the plastic deformation should therefore be greater than this centrifugal force.
In another preferred embodiment, the base portion has an elongated shape in the longitudinal direction. Likewise, the intermediate element also has an elongated shape in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction of the intermediate element is arranged parallel or coaxial to the longitudinal direction of the base part. Thus, for example, the intermediate element may be an elongate rubber seal which is elastically deformed between the base portion and the wear element.
In a further preferred embodiment, the mixing blade has a plurality of wear-resistant elements which are or can be fixed one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the base part. This embodiment enables the wear elements to be used with mixing blades having different shapes, in which case more wear elements are simply attached to the mixing blade one after the other for mixing blades having a greater length.
It is particularly preferred that at least one wear element has a through recess and that the wear element has a blind recess. To fit the wear member to the base portion, first, the wear member having the through recess is pushed on the base portion so that the base portion passes through the through recess. Finally, the wear element with the blind recess is pushed onto the base part so that it completely covers over the base part in the manner of a lid.
In another preferred embodiment, the intermediate element is in contact with at least two wear elements when the wear elements are attached to the base part. Particularly preferably, the intermediate element is in contact with all wear-resistant elements.
In a further preferred embodiment, a sealing element is arranged between the wear elements, wherein the sealing element is preferably made of plastic, and most preferably of elastomer. Alternatively, the sealing element may also comprise silicone (silicone).
This measure prevents in operation dust or fine components of the material being mixed from passing through the adjacent wear-resistant elements and reaching the base part, or even building up between adjacent wear-resistant elements and forcing them apart. Furthermore, there is no need to produce mutually facing end faces of adjacent wear elements with fine tolerances, since any deviations will be compensated by the sealing elements. In contrast, in embodiments without sealing elements, the end faces should be produced with high precision, so that in operation as little dust as possible can pass between adjacent wear-resistant elements to the base part.
In another preferred embodiment, the intermediate element is arranged between the base part and the wear element such that the base part and the wear element are not in contact with each other.
This has the advantage that the base part and the wear-resistant element can also be made of materials with significantly different coefficients of thermal expansion without problems arising from the different expansion of the two elements as the temperature of the mixing blade rises due to the operation of the mixing blade, since only the intermediate element expands to a greater or lesser extent.
In a further preferred embodiment, the wear element has a recess with an inner contour for receiving the base part, which has an outer contour, wherein the inner contour of the recess of the wear element and the outer contour of the base part have a mutually corresponding configuration such that, when the base part is fitted into the recess in the wear element, a space remains at least partially between the base part and the wear element, which space has such dimensions that an elastically deformable intermediate element can be received.
With regard to the base part, the object set forth in the opening part of the description is achieved by a base part having an attachment part provided for connection to a shaft and a working part, wherein the working part is provided on the attachment part and the base part has a side surface and an end face facing away from the attachment part. In this case, the side surface has at least one opening for receiving the intermediate element, wherein preferably the opening is in the form of a groove extending from the attachment portion over the working portion to the end face, wherein the groove optimally has a part-circular cross-section. The base portion may have a generally quadrilateral cross-section, the channel preferably extending along an edge of the base portion. In this case, the cross-section may be exactly quadrangular, but other configurations are also conceivable, in which the corners are rounded or the respective sides have a concave or convexly curved configuration.
With regard to the wear element, the object set forth in the opening part of the present description is achieved by a wear element having a recess for receiving the base part, which recess forms an inner contour of the wear element. In this case, the inner contour has at least one opening for receiving the intermediate element, wherein preferably the opening is a groove extending along the recess, wherein most preferably the construction has a partially circular cross section. The use of a wear element according to the invention does not exclude that the base part also has a corresponding opening. The intermediate element is then provided such that it is arranged both in the opening in the base element and in the recess in the wear element.
In a preferred embodiment, the opening extends along a straight line, and more precisely optimally along the entire length of the recess.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the recess extends along the entire wear element. In this case, the recess may extend through the wear element such that the wear element completely surrounds the base portion when the base portion is disposed in the recess.
The invention also relates to a mixer having a mixing vessel and a mixer shaft to which at least one mixing blade of the type described is attached. In a preferred embodiment, the mixing vessel rotates about a stationary mixer shaft. Alternatively, the mixer shaft may be rotatable. Furthermore, it is also possible that both the mixer shaft and the mixing container are rotated, in which case the mixer shaft is preferably arranged eccentrically in the mixing container, i.e. the mixing container axis of rotation and the mixer shaft axis of rotation are arranged spaced apart from one another.
With regard to the method, the object set forth in the opening part of the present description is achieved by a method of attaching a wear element to a base part of a hybrid blade, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a base portion having a receiving surface for receiving a wear member,
b) providing a wear element having a recess for receiving the base part, wherein the recess has a size such that the base part can be pushed into the recess, wherein a gap having a gap width b remains at least partially between the receiving surface and the recess,
c) providing an intermediate element having a thickness d, wherein d is greater than b,
d) placing the intermediate element under tensile stress in a direction such that the thickness of the intermediate element is reduced, thereby the thickness dSpan ofLess than the amount of the carbon atoms in the carbon atoms,
e) positioning the base portion, the intermediate element and the wear element such that the base portion is positioned in the recess and the intermediate element is at least partially arranged in the gap, an
f) The tensile stress is released so that the thickness of the intermediate element increases again and the intermediate element exerts a force on the base part and the wear element.
In this case, the base part, the wear element, the intermediate element and the hybrid blade according to the invention can be used.
The gap width need not be constant. Thus, for example, the gap may also have a wedge-shaped configuration.
Drawings
Other advantages, features and possible uses of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in which:
figure 1 shows a perspective view of a base part of a first embodiment,
figure 2 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of the base part with a wear element pushed onto it,
fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the base part shown in fig. 2, which is completely equipped with wear elements,
fig. 4 shows a perspective view similar to fig. 3, wherein the end portion is shown in partial cross-section,
figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view through the embodiment of figures 2 to 4,
figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view through a third embodiment of the invention,
figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view through a fourth embodiment of the invention,
figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view through a fifth embodiment of the invention,
figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view through a sixth embodiment of the invention,
figure 10 shows a perspective view of a base part of a seventh embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view through a mixing blade of an eighth embodiment of the invention, an
FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional view through a ninth embodiment of a hybrid bucket according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a base part 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The base part 1 has an attachment part 2, the attachment part 2 having a hole 3. The base part can be attached to the mixer shaft with its attachment part 2. Furthermore, the base part 1 has a working part 4, which is delimited by an end face 5 facing away from the attachment part 2. The working part 4 has a substantially rectangular cross-section, wherein openings 6 have been provided in the corners, the openings 6 extending substantially over the entire length of the working part 4 as far as the attachment part 2.
Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the base part 1. This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 1 only in the threaded bore 16 and the two bores 17 for receiving the anti-rotation fixing pins 12. A string 7 of plastic rope or viton (FPM) is now fitted into the groove-like recess 6. When these plastic cords are stressed in the longitudinal direction, they reduce their cross section. The wear element 18 with the through-openings can thus be pushed over the base part 1 or its working part 4 in a stressed state. Once the wear element 8 is in its desired position, the stress in the plastic cord 7 can be reduced, so that the cross-section expands again and the base part 1 and the wear element 8 are supported relative to each other.
Fig. 3 shows a state in which two wear elements 8 with through openings have been pushed onto the base part 1. To accomplish this, in this embodiment, the end element 9 is screwed to the base part 1.
For illustrative purposes, FIG. 4 shows a partial cross-sectional view. It will be seen that the end element 9 is screwed to the base part 1 by means of screws 11 provided in stepped bores. The stepped bore is closed by means of a cover 10. In order to prevent rotation of the end element 9, a pin 12 is provided, which pin 12 is positioned in a corresponding hole in both the end element 9 and the base part 1.
Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view through the embodiment of fig. 2 to 4.
The wear element 8 is substantially trapezoidal in cross-section, but the corners opposite each other are significantly rounded. The outer contour can in principle be freely selected and has here, as an example, a trapezoidal configuration. It will be seen that in the assembled state the opening 6 remains, but its cross-section is smaller than that of the plastic cord in the unstressed state. Due to the four plastic cords provided in the corresponding openings 6, the wear element 8 is held in its position relative to the base part 1, so that a gap is formed between the base part 1 and the wear element 8, and the two parts do not touch each other.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a third embodiment of the invention, as in the first embodiment, where the wear element 9 has also been pushed over the base part 1. However, instead of the end element 9, there is another wear element 13. The wear element 13 is pushed over the end region of the base part so that it protrudes beyond the edge of the base part facing away from the attachment part. In this way, the end recess 18 is provided in the mixing blade, which either remains empty so that it can be filled with the material to be mixed, or it can be filled with another material, for example a structural foam.
Between the two wear elements 8 and 13 there is a sealing element 14 which is used to ensure that the powdered material does not build up between the sleeves and to force them apart over time. Furthermore, due to this measure, the requirements on the flatness of the end faces of the wear elements can be reduced.
Fig. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Only the cross section can be seen. The wear elements 8' are here shown as having different cross-sectional shapes. Having a substantially rectangular recess with rounded corners. An opening 6 is provided in the base portion 1, the opening 6 extending in the longitudinal direction and fitting a plastic string 7 therein.
Fig. 8 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the embodiment in fig. 7 essentially in that the opening 6 is arranged not only in the base part 1 but also in the wear element 8 ". Alternatively, the opening 6 may also be provided only in the wear element.
Fig. 9 shows a sixth embodiment of the invention, from which it can be seen that the wear element 8"' does not necessarily completely surround the base part 1. The remaining slits may remain open or filled with foam, for example. The slits are arranged at a position where the wear occurring during operation is not to be estimated, so that here too no wear elements are necessary.
Furthermore, the opening 6 need not be provided at the edge of the base part 1, but may in principle be positioned at any location as shown in fig. 9.
Fig. 10 furthermore shows a seventh embodiment of the invention, the base part 1' here having a plurality of annular grooves into which corresponding elastic O-rings can be fitted. The wear element can then be pushed over the base part 1' so that the O-ring is pressed in the groove 15.
Fig. 11 shows a sectional view through a mixing blade according to an eighth embodiment of the invention. In contrast to the fifth embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 8, here the base part does not have a rectangular cross section but a trapezoidal cross section. The cross section of the base part is adapted to the outer contour of the wear element 8', so that the thickness of the wear element is uniform (d)1＝d2). Especially when resistant to wearIn the case of elements produced in the form of sintered parts, this is particularly advantageous, since the risk of cracks is minimized.
Finally, fig. 12 shows a sectional view through a mixing blade according to a ninth embodiment of the invention. In contrast to the fifth embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 8, here the base part 1"", on both sides, has guide ribs 19 which engage into corresponding guide grooves 20 in the wear element 8"" ' and facilitate the mounting of the wear element 8"" ' on the base part 1 "'.
Reference numerals
1. 1', 1' base portion
2 attachment part
3 holes
4 working part
5 end face
6 opening
7 Plastic rope
8. 8 '-8' wear element
9 end element
10 cover part
11 screw
12 pin
13 wear element
14 sealing element
15 groove
16 screw hole
17 holes for preventing rotation
18 recess
19 guide projection
20 guide the groove.

Claims (11)

1. A method of attaching a wear member to a base portion of a hybrid blade, comprising the steps of:
a) providing a base portion having a receiving surface for receiving a wear member,
b) providing a wear element having a recess for receiving the base part, wherein the recess has a size such that the base part can be pushed into the recess, wherein a gap having a gap width b remains at least partially between the receiving surface and the recess,
c) providing an intermediate element having a thickness d, wherein d is greater than b,
d) placing the intermediate element under tensile stress in a direction such that the thickness of the intermediate element is reduced, thereby reducing the thickness dSpan ofLess than the amount of the carbon atoms in the carbon atoms,
e) positioning the base portion, the intermediate element and the wear element such that the base portion is positioned in the recess and the intermediate element is at least partially disposed in the gap, an
f) The tensile stress is released so that the thickness of the intermediate element increases again and the intermediate element exerts a force on the base part and the wear element.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step a) a base part is provided, which base part is attachable to a shaft of the mixer, wherein the base part has an attachment part arranged to be connected to the shaft and a working part, wherein the working part is arranged on the attachment part and the base part has a side surface and an end surface facing away from the attachment part, wherein the side surface has at least one opening for receiving an intermediate element.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the opening is in the form of a groove extending from the attachment portion over the working portion to the end face.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the groove has a partially circular cross-section.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the base portion has a quadrilateral cross-section.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the trench extends along an edge of the substrate portion.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in step b) a wear element is provided for fixing to a base part attachable to a shaft, wherein the wear element has a recess for receiving the base part, the recess forming an inner contour of the wear element, wherein the inner contour has at least one opening.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the opening is a groove extending along the recess.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the groove has a partially circular cross-section.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the recess is a through-hole.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the recess is a blind recess.
CN201780075514.5A 2016-12-07 2017-12-05 Hybrid blade with wear resistant element and method for attaching wear resistant element to base portion of hybrid blade Expired - Fee Related CN110049812B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016123712.4 2016-12-07
DE102016123712.4A DE102016123712A1 (en) 2016-12-07 2016-12-07 Blade with wear element and method for attaching a wear element to a base of a mixing blade
PCT/EP2017/081482 WO2018104286A1 (en) 2016-12-07 2017-12-05 Mixing blade comprising wear element and method for attaching a wear element to a base part of a mixing blade

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CN110049812A CN110049812A (en) 2019-07-23
CN110049812B true CN110049812B (en) 2021-11-16

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EP (1) EP3551323A1 (en)
CN (1) CN110049812B (en)
DE (1) DE102016123712A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2018104286A1 (en)

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DE202019100903U1 (en) 2019-02-18 2019-03-12 Akw Apparate + Verfahren Gmbh Apparatus for purifying contaminated substances by attrition by stirring in solids-rich suspensions

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