CN110046426A - A method of detail GIS surface model is automatically extracted from BIM physical model - Google Patents
A method of detail GIS surface model is automatically extracted from BIM physical model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method provided by the invention for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model, it is broadly divided into two parts: being to extract the geometry, the semantic information that meet CiTyGML LOD4 level standard from IFC model first, generate CityGML LOD4 model, further according to the coordination generating algorithm of CityGML LOD4 and CityGML LOD1-LOD3, CityGML LOD1-LOD3 model is generated；The attribute information and floor information with the CityGML IFC object with mapping relations are extracted, based on the method for ADE extension, external structure file needed for generating ADE extension, so that the CityGMLLOD 1-LOD4 model object to generation carries out ADE extension.The present invention overcomes the shortcomings and deficiencies of many aspects crossover tool, solve the problems, such as BIM and GIS fused data level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to BIM technology application fields, more particularly to one kind to automatically extract detail from BIM physical model
The method of GIS surface model.
Background technique
Building Information Model (Building Information Model BIM) technology is fast-developing in recent years, BIM mould
Type fine degree is high, feature parameterization, and semantic information is abundant, and the projects completed under BIM theory have building for consistency
It builds and facilities information, oneself warp of BIM model becomes the significant data source of city fining, precision management.IFC is currently international logical
BIM standard, many BIM softwares all use it as the standard of data exchange now.GIS-Geographic Information System (Geographic
Information System, GIS) important means as urban construction and management, it is mentioned for the construction and management in current city
Basic framework is supplied.Ground, underground, indoor and outdoor integration expression of the three-dimension GIS towards city, towards from microcosmic to macro
The storage of the magnanimity three-dimensional geographic space data of sight, management and visual analyzing application, support large-scale space data sets, from
And it can be used for supporting the Cooperative Analysis and sharing application to large-scale engineering.
With the fast development of BIM technology, the significant data that a large amount of high-precision BIM models become city threedimensional model comes
Source provides detailed architecture information for city management, while providing data more abundant for the building of city threedimensional model and supporting,
It is the technical need of the related urban studies such as forward position and the smart city of current cybercity construction research.Urban construction and
Managing oneself becomes the main battle ground of current BIM and GIS fusion application, and BIM is merged with GIS to be brought newly for the construction in city and management
Idea and method.It is to realize data sharing that BIM, which merges most important problem with GIS, on the basis of realizing data sharing,
Carry out further applied analysis.
Four level introductions of BIM standard IFC:
1. resource layer
Resource layer is the lowest hierarchical level of IFC framework.Classification defined in resource layer (classes) is general low order
Idea and object can not depend on other classifications and be individually present.The prepared resource layer detailed outline in IFC Release2.0
Include survey data (measure), auxiliary information (utility), geometry data (geometry), object property
(property) and object property type (property type).In Release2.0, then for Release1.5's
Content carries out the recombination of part, and carries out part expansion.
2. core layer
Core layer is the second level of IFC framework.Classification defined in core layer can be by boundary layer and field/application layer
All categories institute is referring to (referenced) and becomes privileged (specialized).Core layer provides the basic of IFC object model
Structure and define most abstraction.Core layer itself contains two rank abstract contents: taproot (The
Kernel) and core extends (Core Extensions):
(1) taproot
Taproot provides all basic concepts needed for IFC object model, and defines the structure of object model
With constituent.Abstraction defined in taproot must be used for high-level.Taproot and contain pass
In the basic concepts of object relationship, type definition, attribute and rule.
(2) core extends
The content that core extends includes the extension idea or special idea of taproot, and it is related to provide construction/facilities management
Needed for industry use.Each core extends to the particularization of the defined classification of taproot.
3. boundary layer
Boundary layer defines different field/using the idea or object module shared between layer model.Interface layer
Detailed outline classification contains ShareBuilder component (shared building elements) and ShareBuilder serviced component
(shared building service elements)。
4. field/application layer
Field/application layer is the highest level of IFC framework, provides object mould required for construction and facilities management field
Type.At present domain model defined in IFC (Domain Models) include building Architecture), facilities management
(Facility Management), appraisal (Cost Estimating) and electromechanical equipment (HVAC).
CityGML, i.e. urban geography markup language (City Geography Markup Launguage, CityGML) are
The field three-dimensional geographic information system (Three Dimensional Geographic Information System, 3DGIS)
Standard.
A kind of threedimensional model of the IFC as fine modeling, precision can consider it is consistent with the LOD4 level of CityGML,
And the data precision of other LOD levels of CityGML requires to be both less than LOD4 level.
The existing research of comprehensive analysis and achievement, are not carried out the complete map of IFC model and CityGML model and mention
It takes, it is insufficient to be primarily present following general character: not having complete mapping ruler, geological information does not meet CityGML standard, nothing
Method generates CityGML LOD4 and loss of data is serious.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of methods for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model, overcome
In the prior art solving the disadvantage that BIM and GIS fused data level, described in its technical solution is as follows:
The present invention the following steps are included:
(1) geometry, the semantic information for meeting CiTyGML LOD4 level standard, including IFC model are extracted from IFC model
IFC model, the reconstruct of IFC model geometric and four sides of IFC model geometric semanteme re-organized are filtered in parsing based on Semantic mapping relationship
Face generates CityGML LOD4 model；
(2) according to the coordination generating algorithm of CityGML LOD4 and CityGML LOD1-LOD3, CityGML is generated
LOD1-LOD3 model；
(3) attribute information and floor information with the CityGML IFC object with mapping relations are extracted, is expanded based on ADE
The method of exhibition, external structure file (.xsd) needed for generating ADE extension, thus to the CityGML LOD1-LOD4 mould of generation
Type object carries out ADE extension, realizes from BIM physical model and automatically extracts more details dimension GIS surface models.
The conversion requirements of IFC to CityGML standard are analyzed first:
1, IFC and CityGML data mapping method: the difference of analysis and summary IFC and CityGML standard, it is poor by analyzing
It is different, the key technology point and download model of IFC and the mapping of CityGML data are found out, determines experiment running environment；
2, the method for automatically extracting CityGML LOD1-LOD4 model from IFC model: including being based on Semantic mapping relationship mistake
Filter IFC model, the reconstruct of IFC model geometric and IFC model geometric semanteme re-organized；
3, CityGML ADE (ADE: architectural mode) semantic information extends: semantic including IFC Semantic features extraction and IFC
Information expansion.
1, IFC and CityGML data mapping method:
(1) difference of analysis and summary IFC and CityGML standard is found out IFC and CityGML data and is reflected by analyzing difference
The key technology point penetrated；
(2) download experimental model: the model name is FJK-Project-Final.ifc；
(3) experiment running environment is determined:
1. Microsoft Windows7 operating system；
2. 2010 developing instrument of Microsoft Visua Studio (uses mono- language development of C)；
The library 3. IfcOpenshell increases income；
The library 4. tinyXML increases income；
5. BIM Vision (BIM model visualization software)；
6. FZK Viewer (CityGML model visualization software).
2, the method for automatically extracting CityGML LOD1-LOD4 model from IFC model:
(1), IFC and CityGML data mapping method:
BIM model is that building element defines semantic information, and the open source library IfcOpenshell is using solution from up to down
Analysis mode, the main thought of IfcOpenshell are parsing XML files, and emphasis parses the geometric coordinate of each component of IFC model,
IfcOpenshell defines special data structure for storing the geological information parsed from IFC model, semantic information.
(2), the method for automatically extracting CityGML LOD1-LOD4 model from IFC model:
The reconstruct of IFC model geometric: IFC uses coordinate system, and CityGML uses world coordinate system, owns in CityGML
The coordinate of object is all absolute coordinate, can be realized by formula (1-2) from coordinate system to the conversion of world coordinate system；
Wherein, vector C represents the coordinate in CityGML, and vector I represents the coordinate in IFC, rotation is defined in IFC file
Torque battle array M and translational movement △.
The method that IFC sweep volume is converted to CityGML boundary regime: IFC expresses entity object using a variety of expression-forms
Geological information, and CityGML (is swept only with boundary face expression-form by the coordinate and scan line of sweep volume cross section
Retouch direction) generate the geometry that (B-Rep) is expressed on boundary.
IFC model geometric reconstructing method, geometry reconstruction are broadly divided into following three classes by element:
1. carrying out the reconstruct of inside and outside metope for IfcWall (IfcWallStandardCase) metope object；
" geological information among first layer " is stored in IfcGeomObject object in IfcOpenshell, according to
The type attribute filtration types of IfcGeomObject object are IfcWall (IfcWaIIStandardcase), IfcSpace's
Element geological information, and divide floor to project in X-Y plane geological information；
Pass through the associated metope in (IFC space boundary) each room of type-collection IfcSpaceBoundary, creation
Corresponding relationship between IfcSpace ID and IfcWall ID；
Each metope object is successively traversed, obtains Room spatial object belonging to metope, and count the quantity in the space Room,
Assuming that the geometric center lines of metope are indicated with wlw2, the line of the geometric center point of adjacent R oom is indicated with rlr2, wl, w2, r1,
R2 is respective coordinates numerical value, and the value of wlw2 and r1r2 is brought into formula (1-3), if formula operation result is less than or equal to 0,
Then illustrate two line segment intersections, it is otherwise, non-intersecting.
2. passing through the space Room in IfcSpace object reconstruction room；
Inner wall surface is extracted using IfcSpace type object, by the InteriorWallSurface extracted (internal wall
Face), CeilingSurface (ceiling face), FloorSurface (floor surface) group in such a way that CityGML is defined
At the space Room.
3. IfcDoor, IfcWindow door and window object geometry simplification；
Door, window geological information are indicated using IfcOpeningElement (Katyuan Ifc) object, thus to IfcDoor (Ifc
Door), the geological information of IfcWindow (Ifc window) plays simplification.
Extracting method is to carry out Boolean calculation to the wall face geometry in X-Y plane, rejects internal sightless geometry letter
Breath obtains the outer profile of wall face, then by the exterior wall facial contour in X-Y plane according to actual high elongation, completion meets mark
The reconstruct of quasi- wall face geological information.
(4), IFC model geometric semanteme re-organized:
IFC building element incidence relation extracts: a large amount of incidence relation between building element is defined in IFC standard, mainly
There are two types of, neighbouring relations and inclusion relation.The incidence relation element that IFC standard defines is that two objects of connection (have association
Two objects of relationship) intermediate elements, the object that object is included, intermediate elements can determine by incidence relation element
(incidence relation element) is connect between object by reverse relationship；
CityGML LOD4 auto-building model CtyGML LOD3-LOD1 model: the LOD details in order to coordinate CityGML
Dimension, realization obtain low LOD entity from high LOD entity, it is necessary first to be apparent from determining for each CityGML LOD dimension
Justice.It is that LOD4 is reduced to LOD3 first, maximum difference is the indoor information that LOD4 model has building between LOD4 and LOD3；
LOD3 and the maximum difference of LOD2 are that LOD3 has a door, window information, thus from LOD3 be converted to LOD2 need to reject door, window it is several
What and semantic information；The building of LOD1 does not have detailed roof structure, only a block, therefore is converted to LOD1 from LOD2
Geological information need to be reconstructed, geometry, the semantic information on roof, and the ceiling to connect according to the high elongation on roof with roof are rejected
?.The coordination process of more details dimensions between CityGML.
The extension of CityGML ADE semantic information:
(1) attribute information extracts
Attribute information is broadly divided into four classes: attribute information includes essential attribute (ID), quantitative attribute, material properties, special topic
Attribute is to pass through IfcRelDefinesByPropertie between IfcPropertySet (IFC property set) and semantic feature
(Ifc adoption) type is associated, so as to get.
(2) floor information is extracted
Floor element is extracted, needs to use IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure
(SpatialStructure: space structure) incidence relation element, reverse relationship are ContainedInStructure (comprising knot
Structure), it is as follows to extract key code by ContainsElements (including element):
Ifc2x3::IfcElement*e_elemnt；
IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure*s_spatial=aelemnt- >
ContainedInStructureQ；
IfcSpatialStructureElement*s_stru_element=sspatial- >
RelatingSixucture()；
Type::Enum_s_enum=s stru_element- > typeQ；
String ss_enum=Type::ToString (s_enum)；
Ifc2x3::IfcBuildingStorey*s_story=(Ifc2x3::IfcBuildingStorey*) s_
struelement；
IfcUtiI::IfcBaseClass*e class=(IfcUtiI::IfcBaseClass*) swe_story；
Int id=a class- > entity- > idQ；
Argument*temp=ifc_file- > EntityById (id) -> entity- > getArgument (2)；
return temp->toString(true)；
(3) IFC semantic information extends
First: extension object element；Second: extension semantic information.
CityGML indicates building facility pair with BuildingInstallation, IntBuildingInstallation
As building facility is not divided into Column, Stair, Elevator etc., for three-dimension GIS lab analysis application, defines this
A little building facility objects are particularly significant, such as: it is S_ by " Name " attribute definition of BuildingInstallation
OuterStai and Other, the demand due to outdoor utility to other building facilities is lower, only selects prominent Stair herein
Object, Stair object are particularly significant in the application such as path planning to navigate as indoor and outdoor integration.It will
" Name " attribute definition of ntBuildingInstallation object is S_Column, S_Stair, S_Elevator etc., is dashed forward
Inside plant object out meets indoor application demand, meanwhile, the floor number of object element is also determined in " Name " attribute
Justice.
The method provided by the invention for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model, is broadly divided into
Two parts: it is to extract the geometry, the semantic information that meet CiTyGML LOD4 level standard from IFC model first, mainly includes
IFC model analyzing is recombinated based on Semantic mapping relationship filtering IFC model, the reconstruct of IFC model geometric and IFC model geometric semanteme
Four aspects are knitted, CityGML LOD4 model is generated, the coordination further according to CityGML LOD4 and CityGML LOD1-LOD3 is raw
At algorithm, CityGML LOD I-LOD3 model is generated；Repeatedly extract the category with the CityGML IFC object with mapping relations
Property information and floor information, based on the method for ADE extension, external structure file (.xsd) needed for generating ADE extension, thus
ADE extension is carried out to the CityGMLLOD1-LOD4 model object of generation, so far realize automatically extracted from BIM physical model it is more
Details dimension GIS surface model, overcomes the shortcomings and deficiencies of many aspects crossover tool, solves BIM and GIS fused data
The problem of level.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the displaying result schematic diagram that model imports in BIM Vision；
Fig. 2 is the building element schematic diagram of model；
Fig. 3 is transition interface schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the corresponding IFC object of different LOD levels is filtered based on Semantic mapping relationship；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of CityGML model；
Fig. 6 is CityGML LOD3 in Fig. 5, the internal representations schematic diagram of LOD4 model；
Fig. 7 is the difference schematic diagram in 1 building space CityGML LOD4 Room that Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is represented.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of methods for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model, including
The following steps:
1, IFC and CityGML data mapping method:
(1) difference of analysis and summary IFC and CityGML standard is found out IFC and CityGML data and is reflected by analyzing difference
The key technology point penetrated:
1. local coordinate is to the transformation of world coordinate system；
2. the conversion of sweep volume, constructive solid geometry expression way to boundary expression way；
3. geometry reconstruction；
4. taking the mapping of details dimension into account；
5. the loss of data in mapping process.
(2) download experimental model: the model name is FJK-Project-Final.ifc, and Fig. 1 is that the model imports BIM
As a result, Fig. 2 is the building element of the model, which is made of building and the ground triangulation network for displaying in Vision, building
There are three floors altogether for object, and each floor includes the building elements such as wall, plate, window, door, stair, pillar, furniture.
(3) experiment running environment is determined:
1. Microsoft Windows7 operating system；
2. 2010 developing instrument of Microsoft Visua Studio (uses mono- language development of C)；
The library 3. IfcOpenshell increases income；
The library 4. tinyXML increases income；
5. BIM Vision (BIM model visualization software)；
6. FZK Viewer (CityGML model visualization software).
2, the method for automatically extracting CityGML LOD1-LOD4 model from IFC model:
(1), IFC and CityGML data mapping method:
BIM model is that building element defines semantic information, and IfcOpenshell increases income library using parsing from up to down
Mode, the main thought of IfcOpenshell are parsing XML files, and emphasis parses the geometric coordinate of each component of IFC model,
IfcOpenshell defines special data structure for storing the geological information parsed from IFC model, semantic information.
It is encoded first with algorithm combination IfcOpenshell, generates executable program for developing "
Ifc2CityGML.exe " clicks " Ifc2CityGML.exe " and opens transition interface, and transition interface is as shown in figure 3, selection IFC
The path of file cannot include Chinese character in file path, select the CityGML file path of output, click " determination " and open
Begin to extract.
The CityGML model of generation is imported in FZK Viewer software, as shown in figure 4, being that " geometry is believed among first layer
Breath ", be the corresponding IFC object of different LOD levels is filtered based on Semantic mapping relationship, and to IFC object carry out coordinate conversion and
Sweep volume is converted into the CityGML model generated behind boundary, and by taking the LOD4 model in Fig. 4 as an example, LOD4 model has obvious at three
Not the case where not meeting CityGML standard.First: due to there is no carry out geometry reconstruction, cannot distinguish between inside and outside metope；Second: standard
CityGML geometric expression be surface model, only show visible part geological information, third: do not carry out the space Room
Reconstruct.
(2), the method for automatically extracting CityGML LOD1-LOD4 model from IFC model:
IFC uses coordinate system, and CityGML uses world coordinate system, and the coordinate of all objects is all exhausted in CityGML
To coordinate, can be realized by formula formula (1-2) from coordinate system to the conversion of world coordinate system；
Wherein, vector C represents the coordinate in CityGML, and vector I represents the coordinate in IFC, rotation is defined in IFC file
Torque battle array M and translational movement △.
The method that IFC sweep volume is converted to CityGML boundary regime:
IFC expresses the geological information of entity object using a variety of expression-forms, and CityGML expresses shape only with boundary face
Formula generates the geometry of boundary expression (B-Rep) by the coordinate and scan line (scanning direction) of sweep volume cross section；
IFC model geometric reconstructing method, geometry reconstruction are broadly divided into following three classes by element:
1. carrying out the reconstruct of inside and outside metope for IfcWall (IfcWallStandardCase) metope object；
" geological information among first layer " is stored in IfcGeomObject object in IfcOpenshell, according to
The type attribute filtration types of IfcGeomObject object are IfcWall, and IfcWaIIStandardcase's, IfcSpace wants
Plain geological information, and divide floor to project in X-Y plane geological information；
By the associated metope in each room of IfcSpaceBoundary type-collection, create IfcSpace ID with
Corresponding relationship between IfcWall ID；
Each metope object is successively traversed, obtains Room spatial object belonging to metope, and count the quantity in the space Room,
Assuming that the geometric center lines of metope are indicated with wlw2, the line of the geometric center point of adjacent R oom is indicated with rlr2, by wlw2 with
The value of r1 r2 is brought into formula (1-1), if formula operation result is less than or equal to 0, illustrates two line segment intersections, otherwise, no
Intersection.
2. passing through the space Room in IfcSpace object reconstruction room；
Using IfcSpace type object extraction inner wall surface, the InteriorWallSurface that will be extracted,
CeilingSurface, F1oorSurface form the space Room in such a way that CityGML is defined.
3. IfcDoor, IfcWindow door and window object geometry simplification；
Door, window geological information are indicated using IfcOpeningElement object, thus to IfcDoor, IfcWindow's
Geological information plays simplification.
Extracting method is to carry out Boolean calculation to the wall face geometry in X-Y plane, rejects internal sightless geometry letter
Breath obtains the outer profile of wall face, then by the exterior wall facial contour in X-Y plane according to actual high elongation, completion meets mark
The reconstruct of quasi- wall face geological information.
CityGML model shown in fig. 5 is on the basis of " first layer among geological information " shown in Fig. 4 by geometry
The model generated after reconstruct, geometry semanteme re-organized, ADE extension, model shown in fig. 5 comply with standard, and meet CityGML
The corresponding object element of LOD1-LOD4 level.
Fig. 6 expresses CityGML LOD3 in Fig. 5, and the internal representations of LOD4 model check whether it meets CityGML mark
Standard, the metope that wherein LOD3 is indicated illustrate only the geological information of visible part, belong to surface model, meet CityGML standard
Geometric expression form, while including the Architectural elements that the LOD3 such as door, window are defined.LOD4 include indoor room, indoor room by
Inner wall surface, floor, ceiling composition, meet CityGML standard.
(4), IFC model geometric semanteme re-organized:
IFC building element incidence relation extracts: a large amount of incidence relation between building element is defined in IFC standard, mainly
There are two types of, neighbouring relations and inclusion relation.The incidence relation element that IFC standard defines is that two objects of connection (have association
Two objects of relationship) intermediate elements, the object that object is included, intermediate elements can determine by incidence relation element
(incidence relation element) is connect between object by reverse relationship；
CityGML LOD4 auto-building model CtyGML LOD3-LOD1 model: the LOD details in order to coordinate CityGML
Dimension, realization obtain low LOD entity from high LOD entity, it is necessary first to be apparent from determining for each CityGML LOD dimension
Justice.It is that LOD4 is reduced to LOD3 first, maximum difference is the indoor information that LOD4 model has building between LOD4 and LOD3；
LOD3 and the maximum difference of LOD2 are that LOD3 has a door, window information, thus from LOD3 be converted to LOD2 need to reject door, window it is several
What and semantic information；The building of LOD1 does not have detailed roof structure, only a block, therefore is converted to LOD1 from LOD2
Geological information need to be reconstructed, geometry, the semantic information on roof, and the ceiling to connect according to the high elongation on roof with roof are rejected
?.The coordination process of more details dimensions between CityGML.
Fig. 7 is 1 building space CityGML LOD4 Room that Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is represented respectively, will be obvious geometry
Reconstruct the difference of front and back.It (a) is the model without geometry reconstruction, geological information still falls within " geological information among first layer ",
It is still physical model, inside and outside metope is not distinguished, and the indoor space Room does not reconstruct, and does not meet CityGML to LOD4 level
Definition: (b) is the model by geometry reconstruction, accurately express the indoor space Room, while Room space correlation room
Interior facility and furniture etc. meet the definition of CityGML LOD4 level.
The comparison of table 1-1 model data amount
Table 1-1 describes the size of each phase data amount of model, respectively include IFC model, CityGML mid-module,
CityGML model.Wherein CityGML mid-module is model shown in Fig. 4, and CityGML model is model shown in fig. 5.From
It can be obtained in table, the LODI-LOD3 level of CityGML mid-module compares original I FC model, and data volume is greatly reduced,
Basic reason is that the object that CityGML LODl-LOD3 hierarchal model itself defines is few, even if being converted to B-Rep from construction entity
Expression way will cause the increase of data volume, but since the object ratio IFC model that its model itself includes is few, so CityGML
Its data volume of LOD1-LOD3 level in mid-module is still less than original IFC model, however CityGML mid-module
LOD4 model data amount is greater than original IFC model, and there is a two o'clock in the reason of increase of data volume: first, construction entity is converted to
B-Rep expression way will cause data volume increase, along with the object that the LOD4 level of CityGML mid-module includes is abundant；
The geological information of second, CityGML mid-module leads to a large amount of data redundancy occur without geometry reconstruction.Pass through in table
The Ci of geometry reconstruction } data volume of yGML model has further reduction compared to CityGML mid-module again, wherein
The data volume of CityGML LOD1-LOD3 level, which has, significantly to be reduced, since the object that LOD4 model includes is abundant,
Data reduction amplitude is poor compared to LOD1-3, almost the same with original IFC data model amount.
The comparison of table 1-2 this paper extracting method and existing extracting method
Table 1-2 describes the comparison that CityGML model method is extracted from IFC model, mainly includes four class methods, in addition to
Except the method being mentioned herein, BIM Serve is had chosen: the method and EI-Mekawy et al, Isikdag that official provides
Two kinds of the and Zlatanova methods with typical representative, respectively from whether carrying out geometry reconstruction, whether consider more details dimensions
Degree, if consider ADE extension, if extract semantic information and compare, " V " represents "Yes" in table, and " x' represents "No", " △ "
It represents " part ".
The extension of CityGML ADE semantic information:
(1) attribute information extracts
Attribute information is broadly divided into four classes: attribute information includes essential attribute (ID), quantitative attribute, material properties, special topic
Attribute, such as: Door object its MaterialType, OverallHeight, OverallWidth,
DoorOperationType, DoorProperty, DoorQuantity, DoorGlazingType, DoorShadingType
Deng being logical one to cross IfcRelDefinesByPropertie between IfcPropertySet and semantic feature, type is associated
, it can be obtained by IsDefmedBy.
(2) floor information is extracted
Floor element is extracted, needs to use IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure incidence relation element, it is inverse
It is ContainedInStructure, ContainsElements to relationship, it is as follows extracts key code:
Ifc2x3::IfcElement*e_elemnt；
IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure*s_spatial=aelemnt- >
ContainedInStructureQ；
IfcSpatialStructureElement*s_stru_element=sspatial- >
RelatingSixucture()；
Type::Enum_s_enum=s stru_element- > typeQ；
String ss_enum=Type::ToString (s_enum)；
Ifc2x3::IfcBuildingStorey*s_story=(Ifc2x3::IfcBuildingStorey*) s_
struelement；
IfcUtiI::IfcBaseClass*e class=(IfcUtiI::IfcBaseClass*) swe_story；
Int id=a class- > entity- > idQ；
Argument*temp=ifc_file- > EntityById (id) -> entity- > getArgument (2)；
return temp->toString(true)；
(3) IFC semantic information extends
First: extension object element；Second: extension semantic information.
CityGML indicates building facility pair with BuildingInstallation, IntBuildingInstallation
As building facility is not divided into Column, Stair, Elevator etc., for three-dimension GIS lab analysis application, defines this
A little building facility objects are particularly significant, are S_ by " Name " attribute definition of BuildingInstallation as shown in table 4-1
OuterStai and Other, the demand due to outdoor utility to other building facilities is lower, only selects prominent Stair herein
Object, Stair object are particularly significant in the application such as path planning to navigate as indoor and outdoor integration.It will
" Name " attribute definition of ntBuildingInstallation object is S_Column, S_Stair, S_Elevator etc., is dashed forward
Inside plant object out meets indoor application demand, meanwhile, the floor number of object element also carries out in " Name " attribute
Definition." Name " attribute that " O " represents the object in " type " column in table 4-1 does not redefine, with defined in CityGML one
It causes, " " Name " attribute mode defined in table that N " represents the object instantiates.The definition mode of " Name " attribute is S_
Object, wherein S indicates that the number of floor levels where object, Object indicate object oriented.
Table 4-1CityGML ADE extends Name attribute
The method provided by the invention for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model, is broadly divided into
Two parts: it is to extract the geometry, the semantic information that meet CiTyGML LOD4 level standard from IFC model first, mainly includes
IFC model analyzing is recombinated based on Semantic mapping relationship filtering IFC model, the reconstruct of IFC model geometric and IFC model geometric semanteme
Four aspects are knitted, CityGML LOD4 model is generated, the coordination further according to CityGML LOD4 and CityGML LOD1-LOD3 is raw
At algorithm, CityGML LOD I-LOD3 model is generated；Repeatedly extract the category with the CityGML IFC object with mapping relations
Property information and floor information, based on the method for ADE extension, external structure file (.xsd) needed for generating ADE extension, thus
ADE extension is carried out to the CityGMLLOD1-LOD4 model object of generation, so far realize automatically extracted from BIM physical model it is more
Details dimension GIS surface model, overcomes the shortcomings and deficiencies of many aspects crossover tool, solves BIM and GIS fused data
The problem of level.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model, including the following steps:
(1) geometry, the semantic information for meeting CiTyGML LOD4 level standard, including IFC model solution are extracted from IFC model
IFC model, the reconstruct of IFC model geometric and four sides of IFC model geometric semanteme re-organized are filtered in analysis based on Semantic mapping relationship
Face generates CityGML LOD4 model；
(2) according to the coordination generating algorithm of CityGML LOD4 and CityGML LOD1-LOD3, CityGML LOD1- is generated
LOD3 model；
(3) attribute information and floor information with the CityGML IFC object with mapping relations are extracted, based on ADE extension
Method, external structure file (.xsd) needed for generating ADE extension, thus to the CityGML LOD1-LOD4 model pair of generation
As carrying out ADE extension, realizes from BIM physical model and automatically extract more details dimension GIS surface models.
2. the method according to claim 1 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: in step (1), IFC model is made of building and the ground triangulation network, and building is provided with floor, each floor
It is provided with building element, building element includes wall, plate, window, door, stair, pillar and furniture.
3. the method according to claim 1 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: in step (1), the mapping of IFC and CityGML data is corresponding based on the different LOD levels of Semantic mapping relationship filtering
IFC object, and IFC object is carried out to generate CityGML model after coordinate conversion and sweep volume are converted into boundary.
4. the method according to claim 1 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: in step (1), the method for automatically extracting CityGML LOD1-LOD4 model from IFC model is several using IFC model
What is reconstructed, and geometry reconstruction is divided into three classes by element,
1. carrying out the reconstruct of inside and outside metope for IfcWall metope object；
2. passing through the space Room in IfcSpace object reconstruction room；
3. IfcDoor, IfcWindow door and window object geometry simplification.
5. the method according to claim 4 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: the 1. in class, by the way that " geological information among first layer " is stored in IfcGeomObject in IfcOpenshell
In object, according to the type attribute filtration types of IfcGeomObject object be IfcWall, IfcWaIIStandardcase,
The element geological information of IfcSpace, and divide floor to project in X-Y plane geological information；
By the associated metope in each room of IfcSpaceBoundary type-collection, IfcSpace ID and IfcWall are created
Corresponding relationship between ID；
Each metope object is successively traversed, obtains Room spatial object belonging to metope, and count the quantity in the space Room, it is assumed that
The geometric center lines of metope indicate that the line of the geometric center point of adjacent R oom is indicated with rlr2 with wlw2, and wl, w2, r1, r2 are
The value of wlw2 and r1r2 is brought into formula (1-1) by respective coordinates numerical value, if formula operation result is less than or equal to 0, is said
Bright two line segment intersection, it is otherwise, non-intersecting.
6. the method according to claim 4 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: 2. in class, passes through the space Room in IfcSpace object reconstruction room；Using in the extraction of IfcSpace type object
Metope, the InteriorWallSurface that will be extracted, CeilingSurface, F1oorSurface are defined according to CityGML
Mode form the space Room.
7. the method according to claim 4 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: the 3. in class, indicates door, window geological information using IfcOpeningElement object, thus to IfcDoor,
The geological information of IfcWindow plays simplification, and extracting method is to carry out Boolean calculation to the wall face geometry in X-Y plane, picks
Except internal sightless geological information, the outer profile of wall face is obtained, then by the exterior wall facial contour in X-Y plane according to actual
High elongation completes the reconstruct of standard compliant wall face geological information.
8. the method according to claim 1 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: in step (3), attribute information includes essential attribute, quantitative attribute, material properties, thematic attribute.
9. the method according to claim 1 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: in step (3), floor information is extracted using floor element is extracted, and needs to use IfcRelContainedInSpa
TialStructure incidence relation element, reverse relationship are ContainedInStructure, ContainsElements.
10. the method according to claim 1 for automatically extracting detail GIS surface model from BIM physical model,
Be characterized in that: in step (3), the extension of IFC semantic information includes extension object element and extension semantic information.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112000406A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-27 | 南京师范大学 | Three-dimensional indoor map multi-detail-level visualization method based on CityGML extension |
| CN113988084A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-01-28 | 山东师范大学 | BIM and GIS body fusion method and system based on SWRL rule |
| CN114387404A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-04-22 | 山东师范大学 | BIM and GIS building data fusion method and system based on semantic mapping |
| CN114549767A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-05-27 | 广州中望龙腾软件股份有限公司 | PLM (product quality model) processing method, system and device and readable medium |
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2019
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112000406A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-27 | 南京师范大学 | Three-dimensional indoor map multi-detail-level visualization method based on CityGML extension |
| CN113988084A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-01-28 | 山东师范大学 | BIM and GIS body fusion method and system based on SWRL rule |
| CN114387404A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-04-22 | 山东师范大学 | BIM and GIS building data fusion method and system based on semantic mapping |
| CN114387404B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-14 | 山东师范大学 | BIM and GIS building data fusion method and system based on semantic mapping |
| CN114549767A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-05-27 | 广州中望龙腾软件股份有限公司 | PLM (product quality model) processing method, system and device and readable medium |
| CN114549767B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-09-02 | 广州中望龙腾软件股份有限公司 | PLM (product quality model) processing method, system and device and readable medium |
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