CN110038433A - A kind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system and method - Google Patents
A kind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110038433A CN110038433A CN201910400619.4A CN201910400619A CN110038433A CN 110038433 A CN110038433 A CN 110038433A CN 201910400619 A CN201910400619 A CN 201910400619A CN 110038433 A CN110038433 A CN 110038433A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B70/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means returning solid combustion residues to the combustion chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
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Abstract
A kind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system and method, are related to boiler pollutant control technology, and the ultra-clean discharge of NOx for layer combustion coal-burning boiler is newly-built or improvement project.Including thermoregulating system, urea liquid or the equal field system of ammonia spirit injector, whirlwind.Heating mode uses from furnace outlet extracting high-temperature flue gas and is passed through cyclone cylinder；Cooling method, which can be used, increases temperature adjustment economizer, or extracts low-temperature flue gas from boiler dust remover outlet or air preheater outlet flue gas and be passed through cyclone cylinder by cold smoke road；Control the flue gas mean temperature of SCR inlet in catalyst working range.Urea liquid is sprayed in secondary furnace by urea liquid injector；Ammonia spirit is sprayed at cyclone inlet pipe by ammonia spirit injector；NH is generated under the action of high-temperature flue gas3And it is mixed into flue gas.It is uniformly mixed in homogenizing plate with guarantee flue gas, NH3 under cyclone cylinder collective effect, plays the role of samming, equal concentration field, average rate, meet SCR inlet temperature, concentration field and velocity field requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in a kind of urea flue directly in pyrolysis or ammonium hydroxide flue before the SCR inlet flue gas that directly decomposes
Reason method is related to layer combustion Pollutant in Coal Burning Boiler control technology field.
Background technique
In the energy resource structure in China, coal is main fossil energy.Coal-burned industrial boiler is one of main consumption coal rich and influential family.It cuts
To the end of the year 2012, China is reaching 46.7 ten thousand with Industrial Boiler, and total amount 1,780,000 steams ton.According to State Statistics Bureau and national energy
The data of office, industrial 6.5 hundred million tons of coal consumption of heating power field Industrial Boiler year in 2012,20% or so of Zhan Quanguo coal consumption.Combustion
The flue gas that coal burning boiler is discharged is the main source of atmosphere pollution NOx, and wherein it is total to account for China NOx by the NOx of Industrial Boiler discharge
The 15%~20% of discharge amount.With Industrial Boiler with layer combustion burning boiler based on, the industrial grate firing boiler having a large capacity and a wide range,
NOx emission is extremely serious to the pollution of environment.
With the Law on Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, " The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution ", " State Council
About reinforce environment key protection point opinion on work " etc. laws and regulations appearance successively, relevant atmosphere pollutants emission standards day
Become stringent, the NOx emission control work of layer combustion coal-burning boiler has been started comprehensively.After coal electricity, coal-burned industrial boiler becomes
The main battle ground of air contaminant treatment." northern area winter cleaning heating planning (2017-2021) " proposes coal-burned industrial boiler
Need ultra-clean discharge.In the ultra-clean Processing tecchnics of layer combustion Industrial Boiler NOx, SCR denitration process is one of most effective way.
Currently, layer combustion coal furnace in apply selective catalytic reduction (SCR) method of denitration the main problems are as follows:
The Combustion System of grate firing boiler is bad, and layer fires under combustion system, and coal seam is unevenly distributed in fire grate transverse direction and coal
Coal particle size is uneven in layer, due to above-mentioned inhomogeneities, while causing to be unevenly distributed in the cross air dispatching of fire grate, will cause
(this being unevenly distributed property can cause burner on fire grate) that burning of coal process is unevenly distributed in fire grate transverse direction, furnace
The flue-gas temperature of row top is transversely unevenly distributed；Layer combustion coal-burning boiler will longitudinally undergo different combustion processes in fire grate, though
Flue gas has longitudinal mixed process above right fire grate, but it is still very uneven that flue-gas temperature is distributed along longitudinal direction；Edge above these fire grates
Burner hearth can be quickly discharged in the highly non-uniform flue gas of vertical and horizontal Temperature Distribution, and enters tail portion SCR reactor catalyst
Entrance, due to lack mix, SCR reactor catalyst inlet flue gas on global sections, smoke temperature distribution it is very uneven
Even, the deviation of smoke temperature can reach 100 DEG C or more.
For grate firing boiler in load variations, furnace outlet gas temperature variation is violent, so that smoke temperature changes greatly in back-end ductwork,
At the SCR sample point of reconnaissance, when load fades to 100%De from 30%De, smoke temperature variation is up to 150 DEG C or more.Meanwhile layer fires
The easy coking of coal-burning boiler burner hearth chimney arch, the easy dust stratification of tube bank etc. will lead to caloric receptivity and reduce, so that boiler is in the different operation phase,
Back-end ductwork temperature change is also bigger.
Currently, the catalyst of coal-burning boiler SCR technology maturation is V2O5-TiO2Catalyst, normal working temperature range are
310 DEG C~420 DEG C.The variation of SCR inlet smoke temperature is up to 150 DEG C or more when based on the above grate firing boiler load variations, while SCR reacts
For flue gas at device catalyst inlet on global sections, the deviation of smoke temperature can reach 100 DEG C or more.On the one hand reactor is entered
The mean temperature of mouth flue gas is in boiler load variation range, it is difficult to meet proper catalyst operation temperature range；On the other hand
So that even if mean temperature in proper catalyst operation temperature range, due to SCR inlet section flue-gas temperature distribution it is non-
Even property, so that catalysing area subregion overtemperature, while possible partial region temperature is too low.
Under layer combustion combustion system, due to coal seam on fire grate horizontal and vertical combustion atmosphere and Temperature Distribution it is non-homogeneous
Property, causes that the NOx generated in combustion process is horizontal and vertical on fire grate to be unevenly distributed, and similarly, will also result in reactor inlet
The NOx concentration at place is unevenly distributed, and the concentration deviation actual measurement of NOx is possible to poor one times or so on section.Due on SCR inlet section
The heterogeneity of NOx concentration distribution, can make even if NH3 uniform concentration distribution, the reduction effect of NOx is greatly reduced, or is reached
The reduction effect of NOx is arrived, but the escape amount of NH3 greatly increases.
In layer combustion combustion process, burner hearth is discharged with flue gas in the millimetre-sized uncombusted red-hot coke bulky grain in part, enters
In the SCR reactor of back-end ductwork.On the one hand this part of coke particle may accumulate re-ignition on SCR catalyst surface, cause to urge
Agent is burnt；On the other hand the coke granule of red-hot high temperature can also make part contact surface inactivate by catalyst surface.
Above since layer fires coal-fired boiler combustion process characteristic, forming average smoke temperature, violent, SCR inlet is cut with load variations
The large deviation of large deviation and the NOx concentration distribution of face smoke temperature, using the stream equal concentration of samming conventional on current pulverized-coal fired boiler
Mode is extremely difficult to the smoke temperature and concentration conditions of reactor catalyst entrance.
In addition, using SCR denitration process of the urea as reducing agent in conventional power plant, need outside boiler, first to urea
Solution pyrolysis generates NH3It is mixed afterwards with air, is formed and contain NH3Air stream of the concentration less than 5%, air stream again in ammonia-spraying grid and
Under the static mixer effect of rear portion arrangement, make NH3It is uniformly distributed in the flue gas of SCR denitration device.On the one hand, urea pyrolysis
Need to consume a large amount of electric energy, energy consumption is big and economy is poor.On the other hand, air stream containing ammonia sprays into boiler smoke, adopts
Equal NH3The measure of concentration field, system itself is complicated, and debugging and runing adjustment are also very complicated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system and methods, using one kind in burner hearth after-flame
Urea liquid is sprayed at room or sprays ammonia spirit before cyclone inlet pipe, and using stream samming, equal concentration field and temperature adjustment
Mode keeps layer combustion coal-fired boiler NOx real to solve the problems, such as that layer combustion coal-burning boiler SCR inlet flue gas condition reaches codes and standards
Existing ultra-clean discharge.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue, the system comprises thermoregulating systems, urine
The equal field system of plain solution jet, whirlwind；It is molten that along the flow direction of flue gas urea is set gradually in the furnace outlet of layer combustion coal-burning boiler
The equal field system of fluid injector, thermoregulating system, whirlwind；The equal field system of whirlwind includes cyclone separator and homogenizing plate；Cyclone separator
It is exported including vortex cover, inlet tube, cylinder, cone and cyclone cylinder；Inlet tube with cylinder upper portion side wall is tangent is connected to setting, cylinder
Body upper end is connected to the big end of cone group, and vortex cover is mounted on the upper end end cap of cylinder and protrudes into cylinder；Cyclone separator
It is arranged on horizontal flue, the inlet tube of cyclone separator is connected to horizontal flue, after vortex cover passes through cyclone cylinder outlet
Square horizontal flue, the cone base of cyclone separator are equipped with ash discharging hole, and homogenizing plate is located at turning flue；Before cyclone separator
Thermoregulating system is set at flue；Urea liquid injector is arranged in the secondary furnace of burner hearth.
Further, thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve, heating flue, cold smoke valve, cold smoke road and blower, and heating flue and layer combustion are fired
Flue is connected at the furnace outlet of coal burning boiler, be equipped in heating flue hot cigarette valve, cold smoke road and boiler air preheater rear pass or
It is the connection of boiler dust remover rear pass, cold smoke valve is equipped in cold smoke road, blower is housed on cold smoke road.
Further, thermoregulating system include hot cigarette valve, heating flue, inlet baffle door, temperature adjustment economizer, by-pass damper door and
Horizontal flue partition, heating flue are connected to horizontal flue at the furnace outlet of layer combustion coal-burning boiler, and hot cigarette valve is equipped in heating flue；
The boiler tube bundle exit of layer combustion coal-burning boiler is equipped with inlet baffle door, by-pass damper door, and the two sets up separately in horizontal flue partition
Two sides, the position of of length no more than heating flue of horizontal flue partition, temperature adjustment economizer is located at after inlet baffle door and two
Person is located at the ipsilateral of horizontal flue partition.
Further, cyclone separator uses central tube offset manner, i.e. the axis non-colinear of vortex cover and cylinder.
A kind of SCR inlet flue gas pre-treatment side being directly pyrolyzed in urea flue based on preceding claim processing system
Method, rotary motion caused by cyclone separator is introduced tangentially into using flue gas make have larger inertiaCentrifugal forceChar particle and dust
It is separated from flue gas, the char particle separated sends burner hearth back to and continues after-flame；Utilize the larger of cyclone separator separation 50um or more
Coke particle, control cyclone inlet flue gas flow rate are 20~25m/s, 25~30m/s of exiting flue gas flow velocity；
The urea liquid that concentration is 5~50% is sprayed into the secondary furnace of burner hearth by the nozzle of urea liquid injector,
Pyrolysis generates NH3 under the action of high-temperature flue gas, enters cyclone separator with flue gas；
The heating mode of thermoregulating system uses automatic by heating flue from furnace outlet 600~800 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas of extraction
The mode of cyclone cylinder is passed through to heat up, heating amount can be adjusted by adjusting hot cigarette valve valve opening；The cooling side of thermoregulating system
Formula be from boiler dust remover exiting flue gas or air preheater outlet flue gas pass through blower in extract 100~150 DEG C or so
Low-temperature flue gas cools down in such a way that cold smoke road is passed through cyclone cylinder, and cooling amount can be adjusted by adjusting cold smoke valve valve opening
Section；By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature of SCR inlet controls the temperature range 310 allowed in catalyst
DEG C~420 DEG C in.
A kind of SCR inlet flue gas pre-treating method being directly pyrolyzed in urea flue based on above-mentioned processing system, _
Rotary motion caused by cyclone separator is introduced tangentially into using flue gas makes have larger inertiaCentrifugal forceChar particle and
Dust is separated from flue gas, and the char particle separated sends burner hearth back to and continues after-flame；Utilize cyclone separator separation 50um's or more
Larger coke particle, control cyclone inlet flue gas flow rate are 20~25m/s, 25~30m/s of exiting flue gas flow velocity；
The urea liquid that concentration is 5~50% is sprayed into the secondary furnace of burner hearth by the nozzle of urea liquid injector,
Pyrolysis generates NH under the action of high-temperature flue gas3, enter cyclone separator with flue gas；
The heating mode of thermoregulating system uses automatic by heating flue from furnace outlet 600~800 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas of extraction
The mode of cyclone cylinder is passed through to heat up, heating amount can be adjusted by adjusting hot cigarette valve valve opening；The cooling side of thermoregulating system
Formula, which can be used, increases temperature adjustment economizer, and the aperture control by adjusting inlet baffle door, by-pass damper door flows through temperature adjustment economizer
Flue gas flow；By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature of SCR inlet controls the temperature allowed in catalyst
In 310 DEG C~420 DEG C of range.
Further, the urea liquid sprayed by the nozzle of urea liquid injector 9 into the secondary furnace 21 of burner hearth
Concentration is 5~20%.
A kind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system of ammonium hydroxide flue inner direct, the system is will be in above system
Urea liquid injector replace with ammonia spirit injector.
Further, ammonia spirit injector is arranged at cyclone inlet pipe.
A kind of SCR inlet flue gas pre-treating method of the ammonium hydroxide flue inner direct based on above-mentioned processing system, whirlwind
Rotary motion caused by separator is introduced tangentially into using flue gas makes have larger inertiaCentrifugal forceChar particle and dust from flue gas
Separation, the char particle separated send burner hearth back to and continue after-flame；The larger coke particle of 50um or more is separated using cyclone separator,
Control cyclone inlet flue gas flow rate is 20~25m/s, 25~30m/s of exiting flue gas flow velocity；
It is less than by the nozzle of ammonia spirit injector to ejection mass percent concentration at cyclone inlet pipe
20% ammonium hydroxide decomposes under the action of high-temperature flue gas and generates NH3, enter cyclone separator with flue gas；
The heating mode of thermoregulating system uses automatic by heating flue from furnace outlet 600~800 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas of extraction
The mode of cyclone cylinder is passed through to heat up, heating amount can be adjusted by adjusting hot cigarette valve valve opening；The cooling side of thermoregulating system
Formula be from boiler dust remover exiting flue gas or air preheater outlet flue gas pass through blower in extract 100~150 DEG C or so
Low-temperature flue gas cools down in such a way that cold smoke road is passed through cyclone cylinder, and cooling amount can be adjusted by adjusting cold smoke valve valve opening
Section；By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature of SCR inlet controls the temperature range 310 allowed in catalyst
DEG C~420 DEG C in.
A kind of SCR inlet flue gas pre-treating method of the ammonium hydroxide flue inner direct based on above-mentioned processing system, whirlwind
Rotary motion caused by separator is introduced tangentially into using flue gas makes have larger inertiaCentrifugal forceChar particle and dust from flue gas
Separation, the char particle separated send burner hearth back to and continue after-flame；The larger coke particle of 50um or more is separated using cyclone separator,
Control cyclone inlet flue gas flow rate is 20~25m/s, 25~30m/s of exiting flue gas flow velocity；
It is less than by the nozzle of ammonia spirit injector to ejection mass percent concentration at cyclone inlet pipe
20% ammonia spirit decomposes under the action of high-temperature flue gas and generates NH3, enter cyclone separator with flue gas；
The heating mode of thermoregulating system uses automatic by heating flue from furnace outlet 600~800 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas of extraction
The mode of cyclone cylinder is passed through to heat up, heating amount can be adjusted by adjusting hot cigarette valve valve opening；The cooling side of thermoregulating system
Formula, which can be used, increases temperature adjustment economizer, and the aperture control by adjusting inlet baffle door, by-pass damper door flows through temperature adjustment economizer
Flue gas flow；By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature of SCR inlet controls the temperature allowed in catalyst
In 310 DEG C~420 DEG C of range.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Boiler smoke flow direction is that layer fires coal-burning boiler burner hearth, secondary furnace, convection bank, flue, SCR inlet cigarette in the present invention
Gas preprocessing system, SCR device, economizer, air preheater etc..SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system includes thermoregulating system, urine
Plain solution (or ammonia spirit) injector, the equal field system of whirlwind.The thermoregulating system of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system, temperature adjustment system
The mode from furnace outlet extracting high-temperature flue gas can be used in system heating mode；Cooling method, which can be used, increases temperature adjustment economizer, or
It is the mode that low-temperature flue gas is extracted from boiler tail flue gas.The urea liquid injector cloth of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system
It sets in layer combustion coal-burning boiler burner hearth exit secondary furnace, urea liquid is sprayed by nozzle, under high-temperature flue gas effect, pyrolysis
Generate NH3, pass through boiler tube bundle with flue gas and enter cyclone cylinder.The equal field system of whirlwind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system
Contain the homogenizing plate in cyclone cylinder and subsequent flue.Cyclone cylinder is arranged in intermediate flue before SCR device entrance, and cyclone cylinder is by spiral shell
The composition such as shape inlet tube, cylinder, vortex cover, ash bucket is revolved, rotary motion caused by flue gas is introduced tangentially into makes have larger inertiaFrom Mental and physical effortsChar particle and dust separated from flue gas, char particle send back to burner hearth continue after-flame.It is arranged at cyclone cylinder exhanst gas outlet flue
Homogenizing plate is uniformly mixed with guarantee flue gas under cyclone separator collective effect, so that having at SCR catalyst entrance section uniform
Temperature field, velocity field and concentration field.
Thermoregulating system heating mode can be used is passed through the mode of cyclone cylinder from furnace outlet extracting high-temperature flue gas to rise automatically
Temperature；Cooling method, which can be used, increases temperature adjustment economizer, or from boiler dust remover exiting flue gas or air preheater outlet flue gas
Middle extraction low-temperature flue gas cools down in such a way that cold smoke road is passed through cyclone cylinder.By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that SCR inlet
Flue gas mean temperature control in 310 DEG C~420 DEG C of the temperature range that catalyst allows.Urea liquid can directly pass through urea
Solution jet is sprayed in secondary furnace by nozzle, and pyrolysis generates NH under the action of high-temperature flue gas3And it is mixed into flue gas.
The equal equal field system of field system whirlwind of whirlwind includes cyclone separator and homogenizing plate.Guarantee cigarette under homogenizing plate and cyclone cylinder collective effect
Gas is uniformly mixed, and plays the role of samming, equal concentration field, average rate, meets the needs of SCR inlet temperature, concentration field and velocity field.This
Invention can be used for the ultra-clean discharge new construction of NOx of layer combustion coal-burning boiler, it is also possible to which layer fires the ultra-clean discharge of NOx of coal-burning boiler
Improvement project.
The present invention solves the problems, such as that layer combustion coal-burning boiler SCR inlet flue gas exists, and proposes in a kind of urea flue directly
The SCR inlet flue gas pre-treating method of pyrolysis, urea liquid can be pyrolyzed directly in high-temperature flue gas and form NH3, make inlet flue gas
Biggish incandescent coke particle can remove, and flue gas is uniformly mixed, and temperature is in zone of reasonableness, NH3It is evenly distributed with NOx concentration,
To guarantee that SCR device works normally, to realize the minimum discharge of nitrogen oxides.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are in particular in the following aspects:
(1) cyclone cylinder separating high-temp char particle, one side separating high-temp char particle can avoid char particle to SCR device catalyst not
Benefit influences.On the other hand char particle is separated and sends burner hearth back to and continue after-flame, the imperfect combustion heat of layer combustion coal-burning boiler can be reduced
Loss.
(2) the strong immixture of cyclone cylinder cooperates the effect of homogenizing plate to can guarantee SCR inlet section flue-gas temperature, speed
Degree and NOx are evenly distributed, and make position catalyst temperature, speed and NOx and NH on section3Concentration is almost the same, guarantees de-
Nitre efficiency.
(3) urea injector sprays urea liquid by nozzle, enters whirlwind after passing through boiler tube bundle with flue gas
Cylinder.It is mixed through high-temperature flue gas, urea pyrolysis goes out ammonia；The strong mixing of eddy flow is sufficiently mixed ammonia with flue gas, fills into SCR
It sets, it is ensured that SCR inlet section NH3It is evenly distributed, solves the problems, such as that spray ammonia is uneven, reduce NH3Escape.Directly exist simultaneously
It is pyrolyzed, can save using the electricity consumed needed for being pyrolyzed outside Boiler Furnace, economy greatly improves, simultaneously in high-temperature flue gas in secondary furnace
Due to reaching equal NH not against ammonia-spraying grid and the mixing of subsequent static mixer3The effect of concentration field, system is simple, adjusts fortune
It is accommodating.
(4) when flue gas mean temperature is required lower than SCR reactor catalyst entrance, high temperature is introduced by burner hearth by hot air pipe
Flue gas is sufficiently mixed in cyclone cylinder with former flue gas, promotes smoke temperature；Flue gas mean temperature is higher than SCR reactor catalyst entrance
It is required that when, low-temperature flue gas is introduced by directlying adopt temperature adjustment economizer, or by blower, cool air hose, with former flue gas in whirlwind
It is sufficiently mixed in cylinder, reduces smoke temperature.So that SCR inlet flue-gas temperature in the operating temperature range of catalyst, guarantees catalyst
Safety and denitration efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of typical urea flue
(it is created in the present invention),
Wherein: 1- air compartment, 2- traveling-grate stoker, 3- lower drum, 4- burner hearth, 5- convection bank, 6- upper drum, the hot cigarette valve of 7-,
8- heating flue, 9- urea liquid injector, the outlet of 10- cyclone cylinder, 11- cold smoke valve, 12- cyclone separator, 13- cold smoke road, 14-
Ash discharging hole, 15- blower, 16- homogenizing plate, 17-SCR denitrification apparatus, 18- economizer, 19- air preheater, 21- cooling chamber；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of cyclone separator, wherein left figure is its main view, and right figure is its top view；
Fig. 3 be urea flue in be directly pyrolyzed SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system by increase temperature adjustment economizer come
The structural schematic diagram of cooling (main structure is identical as Fig. 1)；
Fig. 4 is before realizing the SCR inlet flue gas being directly pyrolyzed in urea flue of the present invention in the transformation of old boiler
(thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve 7, heating flue 8, inlet baffle door 11, temperature adjustment economizer 13, side to the structural schematic diagram of processing system
Road baffle door 15 and horizontal flue partition 22, corresponding with Fig. 3)；
Fig. 5 is before realizing the SCR inlet flue gas being directly pyrolyzed in urea flue of the present invention in the transformation of old boiler
(corresponding thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve 7, heating flue 8, cold smoke valve 11, cold smoke road 13 and wind to the structural schematic diagram of processing system
Machine 15, corresponding with Fig. 1).
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system directly decomposed in a kind of typical ammonium hydroxide flue
(not increasing economizer), in which: 1- air compartment, 2- traveling-grate stoker, 3- lower drum, 4- burner hearth, 5- convection bank, 6- upper drum, 7-
Hot cigarette valve, 8- heating flue, 9- ammonia spirit injector, the outlet of 10- cyclone cylinder, 11- cold smoke valve, 12- cyclone separator, 13- are cold
Flue, 14- ash discharging hole, 15- blower, 16- homogenizing plate, 17-SCR denitrification apparatus, 18- economizer, 19- air preheater, 21- are cold
But room；
Fig. 7 is being cooled down by increasing economizer for the SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system directly decomposed in ammonium hydroxide flue
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is before realizing the SCR inlet flue gas directly decomposed in ammonium hydroxide flue of the present invention in the transformation of old boiler
(thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve 7, heating flue 8, inlet baffle door 11, temperature adjustment economizer 13, side to the structural schematic diagram of processing system
Road baffle door 15 and horizontal flue partition 22, corresponding with Fig. 7)；
Fig. 9 is before realizing the SCR inlet flue gas directly decomposed in ammonium hydroxide flue of the present invention in the transformation of old boiler
(corresponding thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve 7, heating flue 8, cold smoke valve 11, cold smoke road 13 and wind to the structural schematic diagram of processing system
Machine 15, corresponding with Fig. 6).
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue described in present embodiment
SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system and method:
The layer combustion coal-burning boiler of mating SCR flue gas denitrification system contains layer combustion coal-burning boiler burner hearth 4, secondary furnace 21, right
Flowing bundle 5, flue, SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system, SCR device 17, economizer 18, air preheater 19 etc.；Layer combustion is coal-fired
The flue gas that boiler generates at fire grate 2, by layer combustion coal-burning boiler burner hearth 4, secondary furnace 21, urea liquid sprays in secondary furnace
Enter, under high-temperature flue gas effect, pyrolysis forms NH3 and is mixed into flue gas, and subsequent flue gas flows through convection bank 5, into SCR inlet flue gas
After preprocessing system carries out samming temperature adjustment and flows equal concentration field processing, province is passed through after NOx reduction into SCR device 17
Boiler body is discharged in coal device 18 and air preheater 19.
SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system includes thermoregulating system, urea liquid injector, the equal field system of whirlwind.
The thermoregulating system of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system, heating mode can be used from furnace outlet and extract 600~800
DEG C high-temperature flue gas heats up in such a way that heating flue 8 is passed through cyclone cylinder automatically, and heating amount can be opened by adjusting hot 7 valve of cigarette valve
Degree is to adjust；Cooling method use from boiler dust remover exiting flue gas or air preheater outlet flue gas pass through blower 15 in take out
100~150 DEG C or so of low-temperature flue gas is taken in such a way that cold smoke road 13 is passed through cyclone cylinder to cool down, cooling amount can pass through adjusting
Cold smoke valve 11 valve opening is adjusted.By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature control of SCR inlet is being catalyzed
In 310 DEG C~420 DEG C of temperature range that agent allows.
The urea liquid injector 9 of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system is arranged in secondary furnace 21, is acted in high-temperature flue gas
Under, pyrolysis forms NH3 and is mixed into flue gas, and subsequent flue gas flows through convection bank 5, enters cyclone cylinder with flue gas.
The equal field system of whirlwind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system contains the homogenizing plate in cyclone cylinder 12 and subsequent flue
16。
Cyclone separator 12 is arranged in intermediate flue before 17 entrance of SCR device, and cyclone separator 12 is as shown in Fig. 2, whirlwind
Separator is made of vortex cover 1, helical form inlet tube 2, cylinder 3, ash bucket 4 etc., and rotary motion caused by flue gas is introduced tangentially into makes
High temperature char particle and dust with larger centrifugal force are separated from flue gas, and char particle sends burner hearth 4 back to and continues after-flame.
It is arranged under homogenizing plate 16, with cyclone separator collective effect at cyclone cylinder exhanst gas outlet flue 10 and guarantees that flue gas is mixed
It closes uniformly, so that having uniform temperature field, velocity field and concentration field at SCR catalyst entrance section, reaches the cigarette of SCR inlet
In temperature, speed and the NH3 and NOx concentration deviation range that gas requires.
Heating mode uses from furnace outlet extracting high-temperature flue gas and is passed through cyclone cylinder；Cooling method, which can be used, increases temperature adjustment province
Coal device, or extract low-temperature flue gas from boiler dust remover outlet or air preheater outlet flue gas and whirlwind is passed through by cold smoke road
Cylinder；Control the flue gas mean temperature of SCR inlet in catalyst working range.Urea liquid is existed by urea liquid injector
It is sprayed in secondary furnace；Ammonia spirit is sprayed at cyclone inlet pipe by ammonia spirit injector；In high-temperature flue gas
Effect is lower to generate NH3And it is mixed into flue gas.It is uniformly mixed, rises with guarantee flue gas, NH3 under cyclone cylinder collective effect in homogenizing plate
To samming, equal concentration field, average rate effect, meet SCR inlet temperature, concentration field and velocity field requirement.
It is specific embodiment 2: being distinguished with specific embodiment one: such as Fig. 3, SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system
Thermoregulating system cooling method, cooling method cancels by from boiler dust remover exiting flue gas or air preheater outlet flue gas
Low-temperature flue gas is taken out to cool down；Cooled down by increasing temperature adjustment economizer.
The thermoregulating system of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system, cooling method are to lead to from the flue gas of 5 outflow of boiler convection tube bank
Temperature adjustment economizer 13 is crossed to cool down.The temperature lowering water of temperature adjustment economizer working medium side is given from the boiler of 18 entrance of boiler economizer
Water, the water after being heated up by temperature adjustment economizer 13 come back to the entrance of boiler economizer 18.The amplitude of cooling can pass through adjusting
The aperture of the inlet baffle door 11 of temperature adjustment economizer 13 and by-pass damper door 15 is realized.Other compositions and connection relationship and specific
Embodiment one is identical.
Specific embodiment 3: being with the difference of specific embodiment two:, can be in the transformation of old boiler such as Fig. 4
Boiler tube bundle 5 outlet be arranged smoke baffle plate 20, flue gas from the top of smoke baffle plate by thermoregulating system, cyclone separator 12,
After flowing plate 16 and SCR reaction unit 17, the lower section of smoke baffle plate 20 is returned to, and enters economizer 18 and the air preheat of boiler original
After device 19, boiler is discharged.
Other compositions and connection relationship are identical with embodiment two.
Specific embodiment 4: being with the difference of specific embodiment one:, can be in the transformation of old boiler such as Fig. 5
Boiler tube bundle 5 outlet be arranged smoke baffle plate 20, flue gas from the top of smoke baffle plate by thermoregulating system, cyclone separator 12,
After flowing plate 16 and SCR reaction unit 17, the lower section of smoke baffle plate 20 is returned to, and enters economizer 18 and the air preheat of boiler original
After device 19, boiler is discharged.Other compositions and connection relationship are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 5: as shown in fig. 6, a kind of SCR inlet flue gas pre-treatment system of ammonium hydroxide flue inner direct
System, the system are to ask the urea liquid injector 9 in the upper system to replace with ammonia spirit injector 9 right.Ammonium hydroxide
Solution jet 9 is arranged at cyclone inlet pipe.The installation site of ammonia spirit injector 9 and the structure of thermoregulating system
As shown in Figure 6.Thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve 7, and heating flue 8, cold smoke valve 11, cold smoke road 13, blower 15, heating flue 8 and layer fire
Flue is connected at the furnace outlet of coal-burning boiler, and hot cigarette valve 7, cold smoke road 13 and boiler air preheater 19 are equipped in heating flue 8
Rear pass or the connection of boiler dust remover rear pass, cold smoke road 13 is interior to be equipped with cold smoke valve 11, and blower 15 is housed on cold smoke road 13.
Specific embodiment 6: other compositions and connection are closed as shown in fig. 7, providing the structure of another thermoregulating system
It is identical as specific embodiment five.3, the SCR inlet cigarette being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue according to claim 1
Gas preprocessing system, which is characterized in that thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve 7, heating flue 8, inlet baffle door 11, temperature adjustment economizer
13, by-pass damper door 15, horizontal flue partition 22, heating flue 8 are connected to horizontal flue at the furnace outlet of layer combustion coal-burning boiler,
Hot cigarette valve 7 is equipped in heating flue 8；The boiler tube bundle exit of layer combustion coal-burning boiler is equipped with inlet baffle door 11, by-pass damper door
15, the two sets up separately in the two sides of horizontal flue partition 22, the position of of length no more than heating flue 8 of horizontal flue partition 22, adjusts
Warm economizer 13 is located at after inlet baffle door 11 and the two is located at the ipsilateral of horizontal flue partition 22.
Specific embodiment 7: as shown in figure 8, in the old boiler improvement of formula, by described in specific embodiment six
The installation site of ammonia spirit injector 9 and the structure of thermoregulating system carry out.
Specific embodiment 8: as shown in figure 9, in the old boiler improvement of formula, by described in specific embodiment five
The structure of thermoregulating system carries out.
The present invention can also have other various embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, this field
Technical staff makes various corresponding changes and modifications in accordance with the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications all should belong to
The protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue, which is characterized in that the system comprises tune
Warm system, urea liquid injector (9), the equal field system of whirlwind；
Urea liquid injector (9), thermoregulating system, rotation are set gradually along the flow direction of flue gas in the furnace outlet of layer combustion coal-burning boiler
The equal field system of wind；
The equal field system of whirlwind includes cyclone separator (12) and homogenizing plate (16)；Cyclone separator (12) includes vortex cover (12-
1), inlet tube (12-2), cylinder (12-3), cone (12-4) and cyclone cylinder outlet (10)；Inlet tube (12-2) and cylinder
The tangent connection setting of (12-3) upper portion side wall, the cylinder upper end (12-3) are connected to the big end that cone (12-4) is organized, vortex cover (12-
1) it is mounted on the upper end end cap of cylinder (12-3) and protrudes into cylinder (12-3)；
Cyclone separator (12) is arranged on horizontal flue, and the inlet tube (12-2) of cyclone separator (12) is connected to horizontal cigarette
Road, vortex cover (12-1) are connected to rear horizontal flue, the cone (12-4) of cyclone separator (12) by cyclone cylinder outlet (10)
Bottom is equipped with ash discharging hole (14), and homogenizing plate (16) is located at turning flue；
Thermoregulating system is set at flue before cyclone separator (12)；
Urea liquid injector (9) is arranged in the secondary furnace (21) of burner hearth.
2. the SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue according to claim 1, feature
It is, thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve (7), heating flue (8), cold smoke valve (11), cold smoke road (13) and blower (15),
Heating flue (8) is connected to flue at the furnace outlet of layer combustion coal-burning boiler, and hot cigarette valve (7), cold smoke are equipped in heating flue (8)
Road (13) is connected to boiler air preheater (19) rear pass or boiler dust remover rear pass, and cold smoke is equipped in cold smoke road (13)
Valve (11) is equipped with blower (15) on cold smoke road (13).
3. the SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue according to claim 1, feature
It is, thermoregulating system includes hot cigarette valve (7), heating flue (8), inlet baffle door (11), temperature adjustment economizer (13), by-pass damper door
(15) it is connected to horizontal flue partition (22), heating flue (8) with horizontal flue at the furnace outlet of layer combustion coal-burning boiler, heating flue
(8) hot cigarette valve (7) is equipped in；The boiler tube bundle exit of layer combustion coal-burning boiler is equipped with inlet baffle door (11), by-pass damper door
(15), the two sets up separately in the two sides of horizontal flue partition (22), of length no more than heating flue (8) of horizontal flue partition (22)
Position, temperature adjustment economizer (13) is located at after inlet baffle door (11) and the two is located at the ipsilateral of horizontal flue partition (22).
4. the SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue according to claim 1,2 or 3,
It is characterized in that, cyclone separator uses central tube offset manner, i.e. the axis of vortex cover (12-1) and cylinder (12-3) is non-total
Line.
5. the SCR inlet flue gas pre-treatment side being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue based on processing system described in claim 2
Method,
Rotary motion caused by cyclone separator (12) is introduced tangentially into using flue gas, make to have larger centrifugal inertial force char particle and
Dust is separated from flue gas, and the char particle separated sends burner hearth back to and continues after-flame；Utilize cyclone separator separation 50um's or more
Larger coke particle, control cyclone separator (12) inlet flue gas flow velocity are 20~25m/s, 25~30m/s of exiting flue gas flow velocity；
It is molten that the urea that concentration is 5~50% is sprayed into the secondary furnace (21) of burner hearth by the nozzle of urea liquid injector (9)
Liquid, pyrolysis generates NH3 under the action of high-temperature flue gas, enters cyclone separator (12) with flue gas；
The heating mode of thermoregulating system uses automatically logical by heating flue (8) from furnace outlet 600~800 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas of extraction
Enter the mode of cyclone cylinder to heat up, heating amount can be adjusted by adjusting hot cigarette valve (7) valve opening；The cooling side of thermoregulating system
Formula is from boiler dust remover exiting flue gas or air preheater outlet flue gas by extracting 100~150 DEG C of left sides in blower (15)
Right low-temperature flue gas cools down in such a way that cold smoke road (13) are passed through cyclone cylinder, and cooling amount can be by adjusting cold smoke valve (11) valve
Door aperture is adjusted；By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature of SCR inlet controls the temperature allowed in catalyst
In 310 DEG C~420 DEG C of range of degree.
6. the SCR inlet flue gas pre-treatment side being directly pyrolyzed in a kind of urea flue based on processing system described in claim 3
Method,
Rotary motion caused by cyclone separator (12) is introduced tangentially into using flue gas, make to have larger centrifugal inertial force char particle and
Dust is separated from flue gas, and the char particle separated sends burner hearth back to and continues after-flame；Utilize cyclone separator separation 50um's or more
Larger coke particle, control cyclone separator (12) inlet flue gas flow velocity are 20~25m/s, 25~30m/s of exiting flue gas flow velocity；
It is molten that the urea that concentration is 5~50% is sprayed into the secondary furnace (21) of burner hearth by the nozzle of urea liquid injector (9)
Liquid, pyrolysis generates NH under the action of high-temperature flue gas3, enter cyclone separator (12) with flue gas；
The heating mode of thermoregulating system uses automatically logical by heating flue (8) from furnace outlet 600~800 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas of extraction
Enter the mode of cyclone cylinder to heat up, heating amount can be adjusted by adjusting hot cigarette valve (7) valve opening；The cooling side of thermoregulating system
Formula, which can be used, increases temperature adjustment economizer, and the aperture control by adjusting inlet baffle door (11), by-pass damper door (15) flows through tune
The flue gas flow of warm economizer；By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature control of SCR inlet is permitted in catalyst
Perhaps in 310 DEG C~420 DEG C of temperature range.
7. a kind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system of ammonium hydroxide flue inner direct, which is characterized in that the system is that will weigh
Benefit asks the urea liquid injector (9) in the system of 1,2,3 or 4 to replace with ammonia spirit injector (9).
8. a kind of SCR inlet flue gas preprocessing system of ammonium hydroxide flue inner direct according to claim 7, feature
It is, ammonia spirit injector (9) is arranged in 12 inlet pipes of cyclone separator.
9. a kind of SCR inlet flue gas pre-treatment side of the ammonium hydroxide flue inner direct based on processing system described in claim 7
Method, which is characterized in that
Rotary motion caused by cyclone separator (12) is introduced tangentially into using flue gas, make to have larger centrifugal inertial force char particle and
Dust is separated from flue gas, and the char particle separated sends burner hearth back to and continues after-flame；Utilize cyclone separator separation 50um's or more
Larger coke particle, control cyclone separator (12) inlet flue gas flow velocity are 20~25m/s, 25~30m/s of exiting flue gas flow velocity；
By the nozzle of ammonia spirit injector (9) to ejection mass percent concentration at cyclone inlet pipe less than 20%
Ammonium hydroxide, under the action of high-temperature flue gas decompose generate NH3, enter cyclone separator (12) with flue gas；
The heating mode of thermoregulating system uses automatically logical by heating flue (8) from furnace outlet 600~800 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas of extraction
Enter the mode of cyclone cylinder to heat up, heating amount can be adjusted by adjusting hot cigarette valve (7) valve opening；The cooling side of thermoregulating system
Formula is from boiler dust remover exiting flue gas or air preheater outlet flue gas by extracting 100~150 DEG C of left sides in blower (15)
Right low-temperature flue gas cools down in such a way that cold smoke road (13) are passed through cyclone cylinder, and cooling amount can be by adjusting cold smoke valve (11) valve
Door aperture is adjusted；By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature of SCR inlet controls the temperature allowed in catalyst
In 310 DEG C~420 DEG C of range of degree.
10. a kind of SCR inlet flue gas pre-treatment side of the ammonium hydroxide flue inner direct based on processing system described in claim 7
Method, which is characterized in that
Rotary motion caused by cyclone separator (12) is introduced tangentially into using flue gas, make to have larger centrifugal inertial force char particle and
Dust is separated from flue gas, and the char particle separated sends burner hearth back to and continues after-flame；Utilize cyclone separator separation 50um's or more
Larger coke particle, control cyclone separator (12) inlet flue gas flow velocity are 20~25m/s, 25~30m/s of exiting flue gas flow velocity；
By the nozzle of ammonia spirit injector (9) to ejection mass percent concentration at cyclone inlet pipe less than 20%
Ammonia spirit, under the action of high-temperature flue gas decompose generate NH3, enter cyclone separator (12) with flue gas；
The heating mode of thermoregulating system uses automatically logical by heating flue (8) from furnace outlet 600~800 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas of extraction
Enter the mode of cyclone cylinder to heat up, heating amount can be adjusted by adjusting hot cigarette valve (7) valve opening；The cooling side of thermoregulating system
Formula, which can be used, increases temperature adjustment economizer, and the aperture control by adjusting inlet baffle door (11), by-pass damper door (15) flows through tune
The flue gas flow of warm economizer；By the adjusting of thermoregulating system, so that the flue gas mean temperature control of SCR inlet is permitted in catalyst
Perhaps in 310 DEG C~420 DEG C of temperature range.
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| CN113465411A (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2021-10-01 | 保定福焓热能设备制造有限公司 | Positive displacement heat exchanger |
| WO2022011861A1 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-20 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Apparatus for improving flue gas uniformity of flow field of large-angle bend of boiler |
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