CN110035428A - A kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things including relaying - Google Patents
A kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things including relaying Download PDFInfo
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- CN110035428A CN110035428A CN201910186904.0A CN201910186904A CN110035428A CN 110035428 A CN110035428 A CN 110035428A CN 201910186904 A CN201910186904 A CN 201910186904A CN 110035428 A CN110035428 A CN 110035428A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/009—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity specially adapted for networks, e.g. wireless sensor networks, ad-hoc networks, RFID networks or cloud networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/02—Protecting privacy or anonymity, e.g. protecting personally identifiable information [PII]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/03—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/14—Backbone network devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying, including terminal, gateway, network server, application server, registrar and network comtrol server, terminal is connect with gateway communication, gateway and network server communicate to connect, application server, registrar and network comtrol server are communicated to connect with network server, trunking, relay forwarding of the trunking to realize terminal uplink frame and downlink frame are provided between terminal and gateway；Gateway is specified to issue time of downlink frame by network server when sending downlink frame.The present invention in network server dynamic by specifying gateway to issue time of downlink frame, it solves terminal after traditional LoRaWAN Internet of Things increases relaying and misses downlink frame reception window, the problem of downlink frame can not be received, so that MAC layer relaying can be realized the blind area covering of LoRaWAN.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying, belong to internet of things field.
Background technique
In wireless communication technique field, when communicating pair signal too it is weak can not communicate or communication network exist cover it is blind
Qu Shi, common solution are that a relay node is added to carry out signal amplification, are expanded the coverage area.
Relay node generally has two sets of physics transceivers, a set of to connect with gateway, a set of to connect with terminal, and intermediate node is negative
The received information of gateway side transceiver is sent to terminal by terminal side transceiver by duty, the received information of terminal side transceiver
Gateway is sent to by gateway side transceiver.
Mobile communications network mainly uses MAC layer trunking at present, and time delay does not have for full-duplex terminal
Too big influence.For LPWAN(low-power consumption wide area network) for network, terminal typically operates in semiduplex mode, communication chain
Road rate is lower (several hundred~10K bps), will introduce 0.1~2 second delay (such as 50 byte packet based on the repeater of MAC layer
Long, the link transmit-receive time delay of 1Kbps at least increases by 50 × 8/1000=400ms time delay).
And for LoRaWAN ClassA(A class) for equipment, for power saving, the terminal overwhelming majority times are in sleep shape
State only sends and receives Bao Shicai wake-up, at this moment could only be communicated with network, the behavior of terminal receiving frame is such as
Described in 3.3 section of LoRaWAN specification, therefore network must accurately control the communication occasions with terminal.
Since uplink and downlink transmitting-receiving delay time is every explication, LoRaWAN, which defines ClassA terminal transmitting-receiving interval, is
Fixed delay, usual downlink frame needs cache on network server, and after receiving a uplink frame, a Receive_ is arranged
Downlink frame is sent to terminal after the timer arrives by Delay timer.
Once can introduce the delay of at least 2 × (0.1 ~ 2)=0.2 ~ 4 second in centre plus level-one relaying, lead to miss terminal
Window is received, terminal can not receive downlink frame.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying, solve in traditional LoRaWAN Internet of Things increase
After rear terminal can not receive downlink frame the problem of.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things including relaying, including terminal, gateway, network server, application server, registration service
Device and network comtrol server, terminal are connect with gateway communication, and gateway and network server communicate to connect, application server, note
Volume server and network comtrol server are communicated to connect with network server, and trunking is provided between terminal and gateway,
Relay forwarding of the trunking to realize terminal uplink frame and downlink frame；Gateway is specified by network server when sending downlink frame
Issue the time of downlink frame.
Trunking includes terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit, terminal side registration frame processing unit, frame adaptation retransmission unit, terminal side
Frame processes unit, gateway side frame processing unit, gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit and relay registry frame processing unit；
Terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit: terminal side uplink frame is received and parsed through；If uplink frame is terminal registration request frame, which is sent out
Give terminal side registration frame processing unit；If uplink frame is terminal data frame, which is sent to the processing of terminal side data frame
Unit；Endpoint to register, which is sent, to terminal receives frame and downstream station data frame；
It registers frame processing unit in terminal side: terminal registration request frame is transmitted to frame adaptation retransmission unit；Endpoint to register is received
Frame is transmitted to terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit；
Frame is adapted to retransmission unit: received terminal registration request frame is converted into the MAC command frame of package terminals registration request frame,
MAC command frame is transmitted to gateway side frame processing unit；Receive the MAC command frame that package terminals registration receives frame, solution parsing MAC life
Frame is enabled, obtained terminal address is added to the address list of the connected terminal of trunking, taking-up endpoint to register receives frame and is transmitted to
Register frame processing unit in terminal side；
Terminal side data frame processing unit: upstream terminal data frame is transmitted to gateway side frame processing unit；By downstream station number
Terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit is transmitted to according to frame；
Gateway side frame processing unit: if received uplink frame be MAC command frame, call trunking context encryption key into
Gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit is transmitted to after row encryption framing；If received uplink frame is terminal data frame, it is not processed and is transmitted to
Gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit；Receive gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit downlink frame, if downstream plant address be trunking Self address simultaneously
And downlink frame is MAC command frame, then relaying context encryption key is called to be decrypted, and it is single that frame adaptation forwarding is transmitted to after decryption
Member；If the non-trunking Self address in downstream plant address, searches the address list of the connected terminal of trunking, if finding,
Then forward the frame to terminal side data frame processing unit；
Gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit: to gateway forwards uplink frame；The downlink frame that gateway issues is received, if downlink frame is terminal data frame
The MAC command frame for receiving frame with package terminals registration, then forward the frame to gateway side frame processing unit.
Trunking further includes terminal address list cell；Terminal address list cell: it saves trunking and turns to connect eventually
The address list at end.
Network server includes relay forwarding processing unit, link terminal forward processing unit and link terminal location registration process
Unit；
Link terminal forward processing unit: receiving upstream terminal data frame, searches terminal context information, root according to terminal address
MAC layer processing is carried out according to terminal context information, it, then will treated that terminal data frame is sent to answers if request of data is applied
With server, if control request of data, then by treated, terminal data frame is sent to network comtrol server；Receive downlink
Terminal data frame is handed down to gateway after carrying out the processing of terminal data frame according to MAC layer specification, and specified gateway issues downlink frame
Time；
Relay forwarding processing unit: receiving uplink MAC command frame, calls relaying context decruption key to be decrypted, if uplink
MAC command frame is packaged with terminal registration request frame, then is transmitted to link terminal location registration process unit after removing；Receive endpoint to register
Receive frame, terminal address and registration received into frame and are encapsulated as MAC command frame, relaying context decruption key is called to be encrypted,
It is handed down to gateway, and specified gateway issues the time of downlink frame；
Link terminal location registration process unit: decoding terminal registration request frame obtains terminal electronic identification information, according to terminal electronic
Identification information obtains new terminal address, and trunking is currently connected according to terminal and obtains communication channel information, increases downlink frame
All registration informations of acquisition are transmitted to registrar by window time delay；It receives endpoint to register and receives frame, above and below more new terminal
Endpoint to register is received frame and is transmitted to relay forwarding processing unit by literary information.
It is whole that time=gateway uplink terminal data frame that gateway issues downstream station data frame finishes receiving moment+downlink
End data frame receives window time delay-gateway uplink terminal data frame air interface transmission time-consuming-gateway downstream station data frame and eats dishes without rice or wine to pass
Defeated time-consuming.
Gateway, which issues package terminals registration and receives the MAC command frame relay endpoint to register of frame, receives time=gateway of frame
Uplink frame finishes receiving moment+downlink frame reception window time delay-gateway uplink frame air interface transmission time-consuming-gateway downlink frame and eats dishes without rice or wine
Transmission is time-consuming；Uplink frame is the MAC command frame of package terminals registration request frame, and downlink frame is that package terminals registration receives frame
MAC command frame.
Trunking is registered, and has trunking mark in the subscribed database of registrar, in processes
When the registration of equipment, its identification information is transmitted to network server, is saved in network server context.
Network server receives frame relevant information needs to endpoint to register and is arranged as follows: endpoint to register receives frame window
Extend 2~3 seconds, the wireless frequency point in the terminal side of trunking is converted into the wireless frequency point of gateway, extension endpoint to register receives frame, increases
Add relay forwarding mark.
Terminal receives and decoding terminal is registered after receiving frame, identifies the relay forwarding mark of extension, if the flag activation,
Then terminal will inhibit ADR, be consistent itself and trunking terminal side spreading factor.
Advantageous effects of the invention: the present invention in network server dynamic by specifying gateway to issue downlink frame
Time, terminal misses downlink frame reception window after solving traditional LoRaWAN Internet of Things increase relaying, can not receive downlink frame
Problem, so that MAC layer relaying can be realized the blind area covering of LoRaWAN.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structure chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is trunking structural block diagram；
Fig. 3 is network server structure block diagram；
Fig. 4 is that frame forwards timing diagram.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying, including terminal (Mote), trunking (Relay),
Gateway (GW), network server (NS), application server (AS), registrar (JS) and network comtrol server (NC).Eventually
End is communicated to connect with trunking, and trunking is connect with gateway communication, and gateway and network server communicate to connect, application service
Device, registrar and network comtrol server are communicated to connect with network server.
As shown in Fig. 2, trunking first completes the registration of itself, the adaptation forwarding of uplink frame and downlink frame is then realized,
Including terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit, terminal side registration frame processing unit, frame adaptation retransmission unit, terminal side data frame processing unit,
Gateway side frame processing unit, gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit, relay registry frame processing unit, relaying context management unit and terminal
Location list cell.
The function of trunking each unit is as follows:
Terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit: terminal side uplink frame is received and parsed through；If uplink frame is terminal registration request frame, which is sent out
Give terminal side registration frame processing unit；If uplink frame is terminal data frame, which is sent to the processing of terminal side data frame
Unit；Endpoint to register, which is sent, to terminal receives frame and downstream station data frame.
It registers frame processing unit in terminal side: terminal registration request frame is transmitted to frame adaptation retransmission unit；By endpoint to register
Receive frame and is transmitted to terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit.
Frame is adapted to retransmission unit: the MAC that received terminal registration request frame is converted into package terminals registration request frame is ordered
Frame (standardizing according to LoRaWAN, the MAC command frame of Port=0 is special data frame, is handled by network server) is enabled, it will
MAC command frame is transmitted to gateway side frame processing unit；The MAC command frame that package terminals registration receives frame is received, parsing MAC order is solved
Obtained terminal address, is added the address list of the connected terminal of trunking by frame, and taking-up endpoint to register receives frame and is transmitted to end
Register frame processing unit in end side.
Terminal side data frame processing unit: upstream terminal data frame is transmitted to gateway side frame processing unit；By downlink end
End data frame is transmitted to terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit.
Gateway side frame processing unit: if received uplink frame is MAC command frame, call the encryption of trunking context close
Key is transmitted to gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit after carrying out encryption framing；If received uplink frame is terminal data frame, it is not processed and turns
Issue gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit；The downlink frame for receiving gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit, if downstream plant address is for trunking itself
Location and downlink frame are MAC command frame, then call trunking context encryption key to be decrypted, forward the frame after decryption
Retransmission unit is adapted to frame；If the non-trunking Self address in downstream plant address, searches the ground of the connected terminal of trunking
Location list forwards the frame to terminal side data frame processing unit if finding.
Gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit: to gateway forwards uplink frame；The downlink frame that gateway issues is received, if downlink frame is number of terminals
The MAC command frame for receiving frame according to frame and package terminals registration, then forward the frame to gateway side frame processing unit, if downlink frame is
Trunking registration receives frame, then forwards the frame to relay registry frame processing unit.
Relay registry frame processing unit: trunking registration request frame is sent to gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit；It receives and parses through
Trunking registration receives frame, saves the trunking contextual information of acquisition.
It relays context management unit: saving the contextual information of trunking itself.
Terminal address list cell: the address list that trunking turns connected terminal is saved.
When trunking itself is registered, relay registry frame processing unit sends trunking registration to gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit
Claim frame, gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit will be sent on the frame, its registration process and the end without trunking in network server
Hold registration process the same, after registering receiving, network server issues trunking registration and receives frame, and the processing of relay registry frame is single
The registration of element resolution trunking receives frame, saves the trunking contextual information obtained in relaying context management unit.
When forwarding uplink frame, internal process flow is as follows:
A1) terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit receives the uplink frame sent out in terminal, and parses the type of uplink frame；If uplink frame is terminal note
The frame is then sent to terminal side registration frame processing unit, goes to step A2 by volume claim frame；If uplink frame is terminal data frame,
The frame is then sent to terminal side data frame processing unit, goes to step A6.
A2) terminal registration request frame is transmitted to frame adaptation retransmission unit by terminal side registration frame processing unit, goes to step
A3。
A3) terminal registration request frame is converted into the MAC command frame of package terminals registration request frame by frame adaptation retransmission unit,
It is transmitted to gateway side frame processing unit, goes to step A4.
A4) if the received uplink frame of gateway side frame processing unit is MAC command frame, trunking is called to encrypt up and down close
Key is transmitted to gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit after carrying out encryption framing, goes to step A5；If the received uplink of gateway side frame processing unit
Frame is terminal data frame, then is not processed and is transmitted to gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit, go to step A5.
A5) gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit terminates to gateway forwards uplink frame.
A6) upstream terminal data frame is transmitted to gateway side frame processing unit by terminal side data frame processing unit, goes to step
Rapid A4.
For trunking in converting downlink frame, internal process flow is as follows:
B1) gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit receives the downlink frame that gateway issues, if downlink frame is that terminal data frame and package terminals are registered
The MAC command frame for receiving frame, then forward the frame to gateway side frame processing unit, goes to step B2.
B2) gateway side frame processing unit receives the downlink frame of gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit, if downstream plant address is that relaying is set
Standby Self address and downlink frame are the MAC command frame that package terminals registration receives frame, then call trunking context to this
MAC command frame is transmitted to frame adaptation retransmission unit after decryption, goes to step B3 by frame decryption；If the non-relaying in downstream plant address
Equipment Self address, then should if finding from the address list that terminal address list cell searches the connected terminal of trunking
Frame is transmitted to terminal side data frame processing unit, goes to step B5, otherwise abandons.
B3) frame adaptation retransmission unit receives the MAC command frame that package terminals registration receives frame, solves parsing MAC command frame, will
The address list of the connected terminal of trunking is added in the terminal address arrived, and taking-up endpoint to register is received frame and is transmitted to terminal side note
Volume frame processing unit, goes to step B4.
B4) endpoint to register is received frame and is transmitted to terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit by terminal side registration frame processing unit, and terminal side is received
Bill member sends endpoint to register and receives frame, terminates.
B5) downstream station data frame is transmitted to terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit by terminal side data frame processing unit, and terminal side is received
Bill member sends downstream station data frame, terminates.
Gateway realizes that uplink frame receives forwarding, and downlink frame receives sending function.
Network server realizes LoRaWAN mac-layer protocol function, and network server is one network of each terminal distribution
Address saves a forwarding contexts, preserves terminal authentication key, while network server further specifies gateway and issues downlink
The time of frame.
As shown in figure 3, network server includes gateway side interface unit, message processing unit, terminal contexts unit, end
Location registration process unit, terminal forward processing unit, relay forwarding processing unit, terminal address administrative unit, link terminal is held to turn
Send out processing unit and link terminal location registration process unit.
Wherein gateway side interface unit, endpoint to register processing unit, terminal contexts unit, terminal address pool unit and end
End forward processing unit is the unit that conventional network server has.Gateway side interface unit is to complete gateway side uplink frame
Reception and downlink frame transmission, endpoint to register processing unit is to handle the terminal registration request stream without trunking
Journey, terminal forward processing unit is to handle the terminal data process without trunking, and terminal contexts unit is for protecting
Deposit terminal related session information, including session key, the information such as forward gateway mark, terminal address administrative unit is to for terminal
Distribute address, mapping relations between management terminal address and terminal electronic mark.
Message processing unit, relay forwarding processing unit, link terminal forward process are increased in conventional network server
Unit and link terminal location registration process unit.
Wherein message processing unit is only a frame retransmission unit；The terminal data frame without trunking is received, it will
The frame is transmitted to terminal forward processing unit；The terminal data frame for passing through trunking is received, link terminal is forwarded the frame to
Forward processing unit；The MAC command frame (terminal registration request for passing through trunking) of package terminals registration request frame is received,
Forward the frame to relay forwarding processing unit.
Link terminal forward processing unit: receiving upstream terminal data frame, searches terminal contexts letter according to terminal address
Breath carries out MAC layer processing according to terminal context information, and if request of data is applied, then by treated, terminal data frame is sent out
Application server is given, is requested if control command, then terminal data frame is sent to network comtrol server by treated；It connects
Row terminal data frame is accepted, is handed down to gateway after carrying out the processing of terminal data frame according to MAC layer specification, and give under specified gateway
The time of row frame.
It is whole that time=gateway uplink terminal data frame that gateway issues downstream station data frame finishes receiving moment+downlink
End data frame receives window time delay-gateway uplink terminal data frame air interface transmission time-consuming-gateway downstream station data frame and eats dishes without rice or wine to pass
Defeated time-consuming.
Above-mentioned formula can be obtained according to Fig. 4 derivation:
T1=Relay receives UpDataMessage(uplink data frames in Fig. 4) moment=terminal sent
The UpDataMessage moment；
T2=Relay sends DownDataMessage(downlink data frame) moment=terminal starts to receive
The DownDataMessage moment；
T3=GW receives UpDataMessage moment=Relay and has sent the UpDataMessage moment；
T4=GW sends DownDataMessage moment=Relay and starts to receive the DownDataMessage moment.
There is following relationship between the above-mentioned T1/T2/T3/T4 of Fig. 4:
F1:T2-T1=downlink frame window time delay (RX1Delay)；
F2:T3-T1=ToA_501+Trelaytrans；
Wherein ToA_501 is the aerial time-consuming that Relay is sent to GW, and Trelaytrans is that Relay itself forwarding is time-consuming；
F3:T2-T4=ToA_502+Trelaytrans；
Wherein ToA_501 is the aerial time-consuming that GW is sent to Relay；
Therefore it according to F3, can derive:
F4:T4=T2-ToA_502-Trelaytrans；
According to F1: it can derive:
F5:T2=T1+RX1Delay；
According to F2: it can derive:
F6:T1=T3-ToA_501-Trelaytrans;
F5 is brought into F4, can be derived:
F7:T4=(T1+RX1Delay)-ToA_502-Trelaytrans；
F6 is brought into F7 again, can be derived:
F8:T4=((T3-ToA_501-Trelaytrans)+RX1Delay)-ToA_502-Trelaytrans
= T3 + RX1Delay- ToA_501 - ToA_502 - 2×Trelaytrans;
Note: Trelaytrans is generally 1~2ms, fixation can be included in algorithm realization, not have shadow to the matching for receiving window
It rings.
For the downlink frame of general terminal, it is T2 that network server, which specifies the downlink frame sending time of gateway, at this moment terminal
Downlink frame can be opened and receive window, receive downlink frame；
For the user equipment downlink frame by trunking, as long as it is T4 that network server, which specifies the downlink frame sending time of gateway,
So ensure that trunking can be matched in the reception window that the T2 moment sends downlink frame and terminal.
Relay forwarding processing unit: receiving uplink MAC command frame, the key decryption of relaying context is called, if uplink MAC
Command frame is packaged with terminal registration request frame, then is transmitted to link terminal location registration process unit after removing；Receive terminal (terminal
For by the terminal of relaying) registration receives frame, and terminal address and registration are received into frame and are encapsulated as MAC command frame, is called on relaying
Key hereafter is encrypted, and is handed down to gateway, and specified gateway issues the time of downlink frame.
Gateway, which issues package terminals registration and receives the MAC command frame relay endpoint to register of frame, receives time=gateway of frame
Uplink frame finishes receiving moment+downlink frame and receives window time delay-gateway uplink frame air interface transmission time-consuming-gateway downlink frame
Air interface transmission is time-consuming；Uplink frame is the MAC command frame of package terminals registration request frame, and downlink frame is that package terminals registration receives frame
MAC command frame.Its principle is only downstream station data frame receipt window as the formula in link terminal forward processing unit
Mouth time delay replaces with endpoint to register and receives frame reception window time delay.
Link terminal location registration process unit: decoding terminal registration request frame obtains terminal electronic identification information, according to terminal
Electronic mark information distributes new terminal address to terminal address administrative unit, and trunking is currently connected according to terminal and is led to
Believe channel information, increases downlink frame window time delay, all registration informations of acquisition are transmitted to registrar；Receive terminal note
Volume receives frame, updates terminal context information, endpoint to register is received frame and is transmitted to relay forwarding processing unit.
For network server when forwarding uplink frame, internal process flow is as follows:
C1) gateway side interface unit is forwarded according to the type of uplink frame, is asked if without the endpoint to register of trunking
The registration request frame of frame or trunking itself is sought, then is directly forwarded to endpoint to register processing unit (endpoint to register processing unit
Follow-up process is the prior art, is not described in detail here)；If without trunking terminal data frame, set by relaying
Standby terminal data frame or the MAC command frame for being packaged with terminal registration request frame by trunking, then be transmitted at message
Unit is managed, step C2 is gone to.
C2) message processing unit receives the terminal data frame without trunking, forwards the frame at terminal forwarding
Manage unit (terminal forward processing unit follow-up process is the prior art, is not described in detail here)；It receives by trunking
Terminal data frame forwards the frame to link terminal forward processing unit, goes to step C3；Receive the encapsulation for passing through trunking
There is the MAC command frame of terminal registration request frame, forward the frame to relay forwarding processing unit, goes to step C4.
C3) link terminal forward processing unit receives upstream terminal data frame, searches terminal contexts according to terminal address
Information carries out MAC layer processing according to terminal context information, then will treated terminal data frame if request of data is applied
It is sent to application server, if control request of data, then terminal data frame is sent to network comtrol server by treated.
C4) relay forwarding processing unit receives and context key is called to decode uplink MAC command frame, if being packaged with end
The MAC command frame of registration request frame is held, then after decoding, takes out terminal registration request frame and is transmitted to link terminal location registration process list
Member goes to C5；If uplink MAC command frame is other control information, it is transmitted to network comtrol server.
C5) link terminal location registration process unit decoding terminal registration request frame obtains terminal electronic identification information, according to end
It holds electronic mark information to distribute a new terminal address to terminal address administrative unit, trunking is currently connected according to terminal
Communication channel information is obtained, increases downlink frame window time delay, all registration informations of acquisition is transmitted to registrar.
For network server in converting downlink frame, internal process flow is as follows:
D1) link terminal location registration process unit reception endpoint to register receives frame, updates terminal context information, endpoint to register is connect
It is transmitted to relay forwarding processing unit by frame, turns D2；
D2) relay forwarding processing unit reception endpoint to register receives frame, and terminal address and registration are received frame and are encapsulated as MAC order
Frame is encrypted using relaying context key, is handed down to gateway, and specified gateway issues the time of downlink frame, terminates；
D3) link terminal forward processing unit receives downstream station data frame, carries out the processing of terminal data frame according to MAC layer specification
After be handed down to gateway, and specified gateway issues the time of downlink frame, terminates；
Network server receives frame relevant information needs to the endpoint to register by trunking and is arranged as follows: endpoint to register
Receive frame window and extend 2~3 seconds, the wireless frequency point in the terminal side of trunking is converted into the wireless frequency point of gateway, extension terminal note
Volume receives frame, increases relay forwarding mark.
Application server realizing LoRaWAN Internet of Things application saves a session context for each terminal, preserves end
Hold encryption key.
Registrar realizes the certification of terminal and trunking, and session key systematic function preserves each terminal
Signing information and root key, root key can generate terminal encryption key and terminal authentication key in verification process, be respectively transmitted
To application server and network server.There is trunking electronic mark in the subscribed database of registrar, in processes
When the registration of equipment, its electronic mark information is transmitted to network server, is saved in network server context.
Network comtrol server realizes the wireless parameter control function to LoRaWAN network.
Terminal is mobile or fixed terminal, for realizing various internet-of-things terminal functions, built-in LoRaWAN Modem(tune
Modulator-demodulator) realize and network communication；Upstream terminal data frame is issued, downstream station data frame is received；Issue upstream terminal
Registration request frame receives downstream station registration and receives frame, and decodes registration and receive frame, obtains the radio channel information of gateway, knows
The relay forwarding mark not extended, if the flag activation, terminal will inhibit ADR(Adaptive Data Rate: automatic speed
Rate adjustment) and trunking terminal side spreading factor be consistent.
Above-mentioned Internet of Things solves tradition by specifying gateway to issue the time of downlink frame in network server dynamic
Terminal misses the problem of downlink frame receives window, can not receive downlink frame after LoRaWAN Internet of Things increases relaying, so that MAC layer
Relaying can be realized the blind area covering of LoRaWAN.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying, including terminal, gateway, network server, application server, registration clothes
Business device and network comtrol server, terminal are connect with gateway communication, and gateway and network server communicate to connect, application server,
Registrar and network comtrol server are communicated to connect with network server, it is characterised in that: are set between terminal and gateway
It is equipped with trunking, relay forwarding of the trunking to realize terminal uplink frame and downlink frame；By network when sending downlink frame
The specified gateway of server issues the time of downlink frame.
2. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: trunking includes
Terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit, terminal side registration frame processing unit, frame are adapted to retransmission unit, terminal side data frame processing unit, gateway
Side frame processing unit, gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit and relay registry frame processing unit；
Terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit: terminal side uplink frame is received and parsed through；If uplink frame is terminal registration request frame, which is sent out
Give terminal side registration frame processing unit；If uplink frame is terminal data frame, which is sent to the processing of terminal side data frame
Unit；Endpoint to register, which is sent, to terminal receives frame and downstream station data frame；
It registers frame processing unit in terminal side: terminal registration request frame is transmitted to frame adaptation retransmission unit；Endpoint to register is received
Frame is transmitted to terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit；
Frame is adapted to retransmission unit: received terminal registration request frame is converted into the MAC command frame of package terminals registration request frame,
MAC command frame is transmitted to gateway side frame processing unit；Receive the MAC command frame that package terminals registration receives frame, solution parsing MAC life
Frame is enabled, obtained terminal address is added to the address list of the connected terminal of trunking, taking-up endpoint to register receives frame and is transmitted to
Register frame processing unit in terminal side；
Terminal side data frame processing unit: upstream terminal data frame is transmitted to gateway side frame processing unit；By downstream station number
Terminal side Transmit-Receive Unit is transmitted to according to frame；
Gateway side frame processing unit: if received uplink frame be MAC command frame, call trunking context encryption key into
Gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit is transmitted to after row encryption framing；If received uplink frame is terminal data frame, it is not processed and is transmitted to
Gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit；Receive gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit downlink frame, if downstream plant address be trunking Self address simultaneously
And downlink frame is MAC command frame, then calls the encryption key of relaying context that the frame is decrypted, forward the frame after decryption
Retransmission unit is adapted to frame；If the non-trunking Self address in downstream plant address, searches the ground of the connected terminal of trunking
Location list forwards the frame to terminal side data frame processing unit if finding；
Gateway side Transmit-Receive Unit: to gateway forwards uplink frame；The downlink frame that gateway issues is received, if downlink frame is terminal data frame
The MAC command frame for receiving frame with package terminals registration, then forward the frame to gateway side frame processing unit.
3. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: trunking also wraps
Include terminal address list cell；Terminal address list cell: the address list that trunking turns connected terminal is saved.
4. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: network server packet
Include relay forwarding processing unit, link terminal forward processing unit and link terminal location registration process unit；
Link terminal forward processing unit: receiving upstream terminal data frame, searches terminal context information, root according to terminal address
MAC layer processing is carried out according to terminal context information, it, then will treated that terminal data frame is sent to answers if request of data is applied
With server, if control request of data, then by treated, terminal data frame is sent to network comtrol server；Receive downlink
Terminal data frame is handed down to gateway after carrying out the processing of terminal data frame according to MAC layer specification, and specified gateway issues downlink frame
Time；
Relay forwarding processing unit: receiving uplink MAC command frame, and relaying context encryption key is called to decode uplink MAC order
Frame is transmitted to link terminal location registration process unit after removing if uplink MAC command frame is packaged with terminal registration request frame；It connects
It receives endpoint to register and receives frame, terminal address and registration are received into frame and are encapsulated as MAC command frame, call relaying context encryption key
It is encrypted, is handed down to gateway, and specified gateway issues the time of downlink frame；
Link terminal location registration process unit: decoding terminal registration request frame obtains terminal electronic identification information, according to terminal electronic
Identification information obtains new terminal address, and trunking is currently connected according to terminal and obtains communication channel information, increases downlink frame
All registration informations of acquisition are transmitted to registrar by window time delay；It receives endpoint to register and receives frame, above and below more new terminal
Endpoint to register is received frame and is transmitted to relay forwarding processing unit by literary information.
5. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: for link terminal,
Time=gateway uplink terminal data frame that gateway issues downstream station data frame finishes receiving moment+downstream station data frame and connects
It is time-consuming to receive window time delay-gateway uplink terminal data frame air interface transmission time-consuming-gateway downstream station data frame air interface transmission.
6. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: for link terminal,
Time=gateway uplink frame that gateway issues the MAC command frame that package terminals registration receives frame finishes receiving moment+downlink frame
It is time-consuming to receive window time delay-gateway uplink frame air interface transmission time-consuming-gateway downlink frame air interface transmission；Uplink frame is that encapsulation is whole
The MAC command frame of registration request frame is held, downlink frame is the MAC command frame that package terminals registration receives frame.
7. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: trunking needs
It is registered, there is trunking mark in the subscribed database of registrar, in processes when the registration of equipment, marked
Know information and be transmitted to network server, is saved in network server context.
8. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: network server pair
Endpoint to register receives frame relevant information needs and is arranged as follows: endpoint to register receives frame window and extends 2~3 seconds, and relaying is set
Standby terminal side is wireless, and frequency point is converted to the wireless frequency point of gateway, and extension endpoint to register receives frame, increases relay forwarding mark.
9. a kind of LoRaWAN Internet of Things for including relaying according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: terminal is received and solved
After code endpoint to register receives frame, the relay forwarding mark of extension is identified, if the flag activation, terminal will inhibit ADR, make it
It is consistent with trunking terminal side spreading factor.
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