CN110034773B - Antenna satellite ground station self-adaptive active antenna and adjusting method thereof - Google Patents
Antenna satellite ground station self-adaptive active antenna and adjusting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B1/0458—Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
- H04B1/1607—Supply circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
- H04B1/18—Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/401—Circuits for selecting or indicating operating mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
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- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
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- H04B2001/0408—Circuits with power amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
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- H04B2001/0408—Circuits with power amplifiers
- H04B2001/0416—Circuits with power amplifiers having gain or transmission power control
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
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Abstract
The invention provides an antenna satellite ground station self-adaptive active antenna and an adjusting method thereof, wherein the active antenna comprises a passive antenna ANT, a first duplexer, a low-noise amplifier, an adaptive module and a power amplifier; the passive antenna ANT is used for receiving and transmitting wireless signals to the air; the self-adaptive module comprises a wireless signal input end, a signal control end and a signal transmitting end, wherein the wireless signal input end receives signals from the low-noise amplifier, and the signal control end is used for self-adaptively adjusting attenuation values of the signals by monitoring the sizes of the wireless input signals so as to control the enabling of the power amplifier. The technical scheme of the active antenna and the self-adaptive adjustment method thereof not only saves the cost of the passive antenna and a 10-meter or 50-meter cable and simplifies the use difficulty, but also can automatically adjust the amplitude of the receiving and transmitting signals to the safest and optimal communication state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radio emission, and relates to an adaptive active antenna of a space-borne satellite ground station and an adjusting method thereof.
Background
An active antenna is an antenna in which a large antenna array is formed by a large number of antenna elements. Some radio transceivers are directly connected to the antenna elements and function as a single transceiver connected to an antenna array of similar size. The purpose of such an arrangement (arrangement) is to obtain the desired radiation pattern (radio beam), equivalent undirected radiated power (EIRP) and sensitivity. However, such an antenna array can provide a satisfactory function only if the power (amplitude) and phase of the emitted radio waves are known and controllable.
In the development of mobile communication technology to 4G (fourth generation mobile communication technology), a coverage area of an LTE (Long Term Evolution ) system requires both the quality of coverage signals and the capacity of the coverage area. As an option to address signal coverage, active antennas may better accommodate the signal coverage requirements of the coverage area by shaping the pattern, while reducing the number of system devices. But the network construction is gradual, the existing network construction needs to consider the requirement of the subsequent network capacity upgrading, and it is common practice to add a set of equipment on the existing network, which not only increases the cost, but also occupies the running volume of the equipment.
Currently, there are passive antennas and active antennas for the ground station of the space-borne communication in the market, operators generally provide two antennas for the space-borne communication user, the passive antennas and the active antennas, and the passive antennas are connected by using a 10-meter cable when the distance between the two-section cable (10 meters and 50 meters) communication terminals and the antennas is smaller than 10 meters, and the active antennas are connected by using a 50-meter cable when the distance is larger than 10 meters, so that the use is troublesome, the communication quality cannot be optimized, the unreliability is increased, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an adaptive active antenna of a space-borne satellite ground station and an adjusting method thereof, which effectively solve the problems of communication distance and communication quality reliability.
The invention provides an antenna satellite ground station self-adaptive active antenna, which comprises a passive antenna ANT, a first duplexer, a low-noise amplifier, an adaptive module and a power amplifier, wherein the passive antenna ANT is connected with the first duplexer;
the passive antenna ANT is used for receiving and transmitting wireless signals to the air;
the self-adaptive module comprises a wireless signal input end, a signal control end and a signal transmitting end, wherein the wireless signal input end receives a signal from the low-noise amplifier, the signal control end is used for controlling the enabling of the power amplifier by monitoring the size of the wireless input signal and self-adaptively adjusting the attenuation value of the signal, and the wireless signal transmitting end transmits the signal output by the signal control end;
the passive antenna ANT receives an output signal from the first duplexer and serves as a transmission signal.
Preferably, the adaptive module includes a voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 at the wireless signal input end, a voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 at the signal control end, a dc operational amplifier DCAMP, a terminal coupler COP1, a front-end coupler COP2, a terminal detector DET1, a front-end detector DET2, and a micro control unit MCU;
the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 receives the signal sent by the low noise amplifier and inputs the signal to the signal control end after passing through the second duplexer;
the micro control unit MCU of the signal control end controls the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 to attenuate to the maximum value before the passive antenna receives the signal, after the passive antenna receives the wireless signal, the AGC values of the front-end detector DET2 and the tail-end detector DET1 are detected in real time to adjust the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 and the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1, and after the adjustment, the micro control unit detects the output value of the front-end detector DET2 in real time to control the enabling of the power amplifier.
Preferably, the active antenna further comprises a gain amplifier comprising a gain amplifier AMP1 located between the low noise amplifier and the voltage controlled attenuator ATT1, a gain amplifier AMP2 located between the voltage controlled attenuator ATT1 and the second diplexer, and a gain amplifier AMP3 located between the power amplifier and the voltage controlled attenuator ATT 2.
Preferably, the active antenna further comprises a power module, and the power module is used for supplying power to the various devices through output voltage, the power module comprises a first power output end and a second power output end, the first power output end outputs +5V voltage, and the second power output end outputs 3.3V voltage.
Preferably, the power amplifier is a 4w power amplifier.
Preferably, the first duplexer is located at an antenna end, the second duplexer is located at a cable end between the adaptive module and the communication terminal, and the first duplexer and the second duplexer are both used for controlling isolation transmission of an input signal and an output signal.
Preferably, the chip types of the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 and the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 are AT-113.
Preferably, the dc operational amplifier DCAMP is AD8065.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further provides a method for adaptive adjustment of an active antenna, the method including the steps of:
s1, immediately attenuating the attenuation value of a voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 to the maximum by a micro control unit MCU after the active antenna is electrified;
s2, after the active antenna receives a wireless signal, the MCU reads the AGC value of the front-end detector DET2, determines the size of the input signal at the moment, then gradually adjusts the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2, simultaneously detects the AGC value of the end detector DET1, and when the AGC value of the end detector DET1 just corresponds to 2W output, the ATT2 stops adjusting;
s3, adjusting the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 according to the AGC value of the front-end detector DET2 and the AGC value of the tail-end detector DET 1;
and S4, monitoring the output value of the front-end detector DET2, repeatedly detecting the maximum amplitude of an input signal, when no signal is input for 1 minute continuously, closing the power amplifier by the MCU to enable the power amplifier to enter dormancy, and when the signal is larger than the threshold value again, repeating the steps S1-S3 by the MCU.
Preferably, the threshold value is 10DB greater than the detector base value.
The technical proposal of the active antenna and the self-adaptive adjustment method thereof not only saves the cost of a passive antenna and a cable of 10 meters or 50 meters and simplifies the use difficulty, but also can automatically adjust the amplitude of a receiving and transmitting signal to the safest state (no damage is caused by any amplitude signal input below 33 dBm) and the optimal communication state (the output amplitude can be kept at about P-1 in any cable length of 0-132 meters).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive active antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting an adaptive active antenna according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an adaptive active antenna of a space-borne satellite ground station, which is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a passive antenna ANT, a first duplexer DPX1, a second duplexer DPX2, a low noise amplifier LNA, and three gain amplifiers, namely a gain amplifier AMP1, a gain amplifier AMP2, a gain amplifier AMP3, a second duplexer DPX2, an adaptive module and a power amplifier PA;
the passive antenna ANT is used for receiving wireless signals in the air and transmitting the wireless signals out, and the function of the passive antenna ANT is that the wireless signals are received and transmitted. The passive antenna is an antenna without any active device, and in practical application, the passive antenna is a common antenna with common metal bodies, and the passive antenna is not limited in the invention and is selected from common passive antennas.
The first duplexer DPX1 is positioned on the passive antenna, the first receiving end receives the wireless signal received by the passive antenna, the wireless signal passing through the duplexer enters the receiving channel through the second output end of the duplexer, and after being processed, the wireless signal is received at the second receiving end through the transmitting channel, and the first output end outputs the wireless signal to the passive antenna to be transmitted as the transmitting signal.
In the transmitting channel, the signal output by the first duplexer sequentially passes through the low-pass filter, the gain amplifier AMP1, the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 and the gain amplifier AMP2 of the self-adapting module and then enters the second duplexer DPX2, in the receiving channel, the signal after passing through the second duplexer enters the front end coupler COP2 and the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 of the self-adapting module, and then enters the gain amplifier AMP3, the power amplifier PA and the tail end coupler COP1 of the self-adapting module, and then the signal is transmitted to the passive antenna through the second input end of the first duplexer and is transmitted.
In the present invention, the adaptive module includes, in addition to the foregoing voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1, front-end coupler COP2, voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2, and end coupler COP1, an end detector DET1, a dc operational amplifier DCAMP, a front-end detector DET2, and a micro control unit MCU, where these devices include their own transmitting end and receiving end, and signals enter from the receiving end and are transmitted through the transmitting end, which is not described herein. Meanwhile, the micro control unit MCU establishes control channels with the end coupler COP1 and the front end coupler COP2 of the direct current operational amplifier DCAMP through the end detector DET1, the direct current operational amplifier DCAMP and the front end detector DET2 respectively, the specific connection mode is shown in figure 1, and meanwhile, the invention also establishes control channels for the micro control unit MCU, the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 and the power amplifier.
The active antenna of the invention also comprises a power supply module which is used for supplying power to the components through output voltage, and particularly, the 12-40V wide voltage from the communication terminal is changed into +5V voltage through a TPS54560 switching power supply voltage stabilizing module, and is supplied to a receiving-transmitting end amplifier for use, and then is changed into 3.3V voltage from TPS73133 for use by devices such as a singlechip.
The specific structure composition of the active antenna of the invention forms a complete circuit structure of the active antenna.
In the working principle, as shown in fig. 2, the adaptive module is a core part of the invention, and the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator is effectively adjusted through the use of the adaptive module so as to control the efficient operation of the whole active antenna.
The micro control unit of the self-adaptive module immediately adjusts the attenuation value of the ATT2 to be maximum after the active antenna is electrified, the time spent at the moment is less than 1 millisecond, the aim of preventing the signal input by the transmitting end from being overlarge and burning out the following components is achieved, then the MCU immediately acquires the AGC value of the front-end detector DET2, determines the size of the input signal at the moment, then gradually adjusts the attenuation value of the ATT2, simultaneously detects the AGC value of the end detector DET1, and accordingly decides when to stop adjusting the ATT2, when the value of the DET1 exactly corresponds to the 2W output, the micro control unit stops adjusting the ATT2, and the MCU acquires the attenuation values of the DET1 and the DET2, at the moment, calculates the attenuation value of the transmitting channel according to the two values, and then adjusts the attenuation value of the ATT1 to a proper range, and the DB is compared with the AGC value of the front-end detector DET2, the content is not required to be particularly accurate, the self-adaptive adjustment period is detected, the time is longer than the time of detecting the time of the end detector DET1, the signal is detected by the MCU, and the power consumption is reduced by the MCU when the power consumption is not increased by the MCU, and the power consumption is reduced by the MCU when the signal is not detected by the MCU, and the power consumption is set to be equal to the maximum to the power consumption of the MCU.
In the invention, a 4W power amplifier is adopted as the power amplifier, the chip types of the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 and the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 are AT-113, and the type of the direct current operational amplifier DCAMP is AD8065.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for adaptive adjustment of an active antenna, as shown in fig. 2, which includes the following steps,
s1, immediately attenuating the attenuation value of a voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 to the maximum by a micro control unit MCU after the active antenna is electrified;
s2, after the active antenna receives a wireless signal, the MCU reads the AGC value of the front-end detector DET2, determines the size of the input signal at the moment, then gradually adjusts the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2, simultaneously detects the AGC value of the end detector DET1, and when the AGC value of the end detector DET1 just corresponds to 2W output, the ATT2 stops adjusting;
s3, adjusting the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 according to the AGC value of the front-end detector DET2 and the AGC value of the tail-end detector DET 1;
and S4, monitoring the output value of the front-end detector DET2, repeatedly detecting the maximum amplitude of an input signal, when no signal is input for 1 minute continuously, closing the power amplifier by the MCU to enable the power amplifier to enter dormancy, and when the signal is larger than the threshold value again, repeating the steps S1-S3 by the MCU. The threshold value is 10DB greater than the detector floor value.
The adaptive active antenna has several advantages over the existing active antennas in the market,
1. the dynamic range is large, the cable of 0-156 m (0-39 DB attenuation, 0.25DB attenuation per m of the cable) can be arbitrarily connected, the damage to active devices in the antenna can not be caused, and the optimal communication quality can be ensured;
2. meet the wide voltage input;
3. the power is saved, and the sleep state is automatically entered when the communication is not performed;
4. the cost of the user is saved, and a passive antenna and cables with different lengths are not needed to be matched.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention are not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of embodiments being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned. Furthermore, it is evident that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and that the singular does not exclude a plurality. A plurality of units, modules or means recited in a system, means or terminal claim may also be implemented by means of software or hardware by means of one and the same unit, module or means. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote a name, but not any particular order.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, and not for limiting, and although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The adaptive adjustment method of the antenna satellite ground station adaptive active antenna is characterized in that the active antenna comprises a passive antenna ANT, a first duplexer, a second duplexer, a low noise amplifier, an adaptive module and a power amplifier;
the self-adaptive module comprises a wireless signal input end, a signal control end and a signal transmitting end, wherein the wireless signal input end receives a signal from the low-noise amplifier, the signal control end is used for controlling the enabling of the power amplifier by monitoring the size of the wireless input signal and self-adaptively adjusting the attenuation value of the signal, and the signal transmitting end is used for transmitting the signal output by the signal control end;
the passive antenna ANT receives an output signal from the first duplexer and serves as a transmitting signal;
the self-adaptive module comprises a voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1, a voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2, a direct current operational amplifier DCAMP, a tail end coupler COP1, a front end coupler COP2, a tail end detector DET1, a front end detector DET2 and a micro control unit MCU, wherein the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 is positioned at a wireless signal input end, the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 is positioned at a signal control end;
the micro control unit MCU of the signal control end controls the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 to attenuate to the maximum value before the passive antenna ANT receives the signal, after the passive antenna ANT receives the wireless signal, the AGC values of the front-end detector DET2 and the tail-end detector DET1 are detected in real time to adjust the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 and the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1, and after adjustment, the micro control unit MCU detects the output value of the front-end detector DET2 in real time so as to control the enabling of the power amplifier;
the self-adaptive adjustment method comprises the following steps:
s1, immediately adjusting the attenuation value of a voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2 to the maximum value by a micro control unit MCU after the active antenna is electrified;
s2, after the active antenna receives a wireless signal, the MCU reads the AGC value of the front-end detector DET2, determines the size of the input signal at the moment, then gradually adjusts the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT2, simultaneously detects the AGC value of the end detector DET1, and when the AGC value of the end detector DET1 just corresponds to 2W output, the ATT2 stops adjusting;
s3, adjusting the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator ATT1 according to the AGC value of the front-end detector DET2 and the AGC value of the tail-end detector DET 1;
and S4, monitoring the output value of the front-end detector DET2, repeatedly detecting the maximum amplitude of an input signal, when no signal is input for 1 minute continuously, closing the power amplifier by the MCU to enable the power amplifier to enter dormancy, and when the signal is larger than the threshold value again, repeating the steps S1-S3 by the MCU.
2. The adaptive tuning method of claim 1, wherein the threshold value is 10DB greater than the detector floor value.
3. The adaptive adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the active antenna further comprises a gain amplifier comprising a gain amplifier AMP1 located between the low noise amplifier and the voltage controlled attenuator ATT1, a gain amplifier AMP2 located between the voltage controlled attenuator ATT1 and a second diplexer, and a gain amplifier AMP3 located between a power amplifier and the voltage controlled attenuator ATT 2.
4. The adaptive tuning method of claim 3, wherein the active antenna further comprises a power module for supplying power to the various devices via an output voltage, the power module comprising a first power output and a second power output, the first power output outputting +5v voltage, the second power output outputting 3.3V voltage.
5. The adaptive tuning method of claim 4, wherein the power amplifier is a 4w power amplifier.
6. The adaptive tuning method of claim 5, wherein the first diplexer is located at an antenna end, the second diplexer is located at a cable end between the adaptive module and a communication terminal, and the first diplexer and the second diplexer are both configured to control isolated transmission of an input signal and an output signal.
7. The adaptive tuning method of claim 6, wherein the voltage controlled attenuator ATT1 and the voltage controlled attenuator ATT2 are of a chip type AT-113.
8. The adaptive tuning method of claim 6, wherein the dc operational amplifier DCAMP is model AD8065.
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| CN1627661A (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2005-06-15 | 深圳国人通信有限公司 | Self-adapting wireless direct passing through station |
| CN101742631A (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2010-06-16 | 福建京奥通信技术有限公司 | Repeater for solving covering of moving body and control method thereof |
| CN108938081A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-07 | 赛诺微医疗科技（浙江）有限公司 | N channel microwave ablation system |
| CN109525210A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-26 | 中电科仪器仪表有限公司 | Power amplifying system, method and application |
| CN209964038U (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-01-17 | 南京宽超通信技术有限公司 | Adaptive active antenna for earth station of space satellite |
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