CN110034581A - The electrical betweenness vulnerability assessment method in the section of electric system under wind-electricity integration - Google Patents
The electrical betweenness vulnerability assessment method in the section of electric system under wind-electricity integration Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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- H02J3/386—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electrical betweenness vulnerability assessment methods in the section of electric system under wind-electricity integration.This method describes the fluctuation of wind-electricity integration power using interval number, proposes a kind of electrical betweenness method in section, and be ranked up respectively to route and the electrical betweenness of node interval based on possibility degree section sort method, recognizes the vulnerable line and node of wind-electricity integration.This method can effectively and accurately recognize the vulnerable line and node of wind-electricity integration, it is compared with conventional electric power system vulnerability appraisal procedure, this method is more in line with electric system practical operation situation after wind-electricity integration, to avoiding wind-electricity integration electric system from having a power failure on a large scale with important directive significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new-energy grid-connected field of power systems, in particular to the section of electric system is electrical under wind-electricity integration
Betweenness vulnerability assessment method.
Background technique
With the fast development of power grid, topological structure and physical characteristic become increasingly complicated, greatly exacerbate in this way
Power grid is had a power failure on a large scale probability and risk.For example, on November 10th, 2009, national massive blackout occurs for Brazil, and loss load is super
24,000,000 kilowatts are crossed, causes and seriously affects and huge economic loss.On March 31st, 2015, Turkey occur serious big
Power outage.On March 21st, 2018 leads to Brazilian power network due to causing chain reaction after the movement of breaker overload protection
Large-area power-cuts.Draw studies have shown that these large-scale blackouts are mostly due to small part key node and line fault in system
The cascading failure of hair generates, these key nodes and route play key effect to the stable operation of electric system.Therefore, it recognizes
These fragile nodes and route, carry out Power Grid Vulnerability Assessment for ensuring that the safe and stable operation of power grid is of great significance.
Currently, numerous scholars have carried out extensive research to Power Grid Vulnerability Assessment method, a series of assessment electric power are proposed
The index of system vulnerability, such as risk indicator, trend entropy index and the vulnerability inder based on the legal justice of static energy function
Deng.To study power grid cascading failure mechanism, applied extensively in conjunction with electric network swim transfer and distribution character, cascading failure model
In assessment power grid fragility.Complex Networks Theory is widely applied in Power Grid Vulnerability Assessment, and moderate and betweenness are used for
Recognize central node and critical circuits.On this basis, there is scholar while considering network topology and electrical characteristic, propose
Electrical betweenness and network efficiency index recognize power grid vulnerable line and node.The studies above is not mainly for considering that fluctuation is new
The typical power system of the energy.
In recent years, with the sustained and rapid development of wind-powered electricity generation, the permeability in power grid is continuously improved.But due to wind
Electricity has randomness and fluctuation, and the electric properties such as connecting node injecting power, node voltage, electric network swim will corresponding earthwave
It is dynamic.And Power Grid Vulnerability Assessment often relies on power flow solutions, therefore the power grid vulnerability inder of each route and node also will be with
The fluctuation of trend and change.Therefore, after wind power integration power grid, wind electricity volatility and influence how is described, is quickly and accurately distinguished
Knowing vulnerable line and node in power grid is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
Technical background there are aiming at the problem that, the invention proposes a kind of sections of electric system under wind-electricity integration to be electrically situated between
Number vulnerability assessment method.
Technical proposal that the invention solves the above-mentioned problems is: describing the fluctuation of wind-electricity integration power using interval number, mentions
Power network line and the electrical betweenness vulnerability inder of node interval out, and based on possibility degree section sort method difference route and node
The electrical betweenness in section is ranked up, and recognizes vulnerable line and node.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realize:
Step 1: proposing a kind of electrical betweenness vulnerability inder in section；
The waving interval of wind power is indicated using interval number, proposes power network line and the electrical betweenness fragility of node interval
Index, the step 1 specifically include:
1-1: the section DC flow model of wind-electricity integration is established；
Wind-powered electricity generation uncertainty may lead the fluctuation of electric network swim distribution.The power output of blower is by wind direction, wind speed, temperature with
And other factors influence, the real power of output is difficult with accurate digital representation.Interval number is in processing uncertain problem
When there is good performance, uncertainty information indicates in the form of interval number.Therefore, the present invention is by the section output work of blower
RateIt is described for formula (1):
In formula,WithThe respectively lower and upper limit of blower section output power.
For the trend of computing electric power line and node, it is contemplated that the fluctuation of wind-powered electricity generation, system injecting power P interval number
It indicates.Therefore, using section DC flow model.The present invention is to the system section DC power flow with N number of node and M branch
Mathematical model is described as follows,
In formula,For the section active power for injecting node, including load bus and generator node；B is the section of network
Point admittance matrix；It is node voltage phase angle vector；I is the rank vector of N × 1 that element is all 1, ITThe transposition of representing matrix I；B-1
It is the inverse matrix of matrix B；Indicate the section active power from node i to node j；BLIt is the diagonal matrix of matrix B；A be M ×
N rank connection matrix；WithIt is the lower and upper limit of branch section active power value respectively.It indicates from node i to node
The branch maximum transmission power limit of j.
1-2: the electrical betweenness vulnerability inder in section of meter and wind power integration is proposed；
1-2-1: the electrical betweenness vulnerability inder in railroad section of meter and wind power integration is proposed；；
In order to study the route fragility of wind-electricity integration, propose from node i to the electrical betweenness in the railroad section of node j (under
Reference line i-j in text) it is defined as (3).
In formula, G and L are the set of generator node and load bus respectively.It indicates when injection unit wattful power
The section active power that (Xiang Fa electricity node m injects P=1, and load bus n injects P=-1) generates on route i-j when rate.Wmn
It is weighting coefficient, indicates the maximum available transmission power between node m and node n.And Wmn=min (Sm,Sn), wherein SmIt indicates
The rated generation capacity of node m, SnIndicate the peak load demand of node n.If the node m that generates electricity includes blower, thenAt this point, WmnIt is expressed with interval number, then,
If load bus n includes blower, thenThen WmnFor,
1-2-2: the electrical betweenness vulnerability inder of node interval of meter and wind power integration is proposed；
In order to preferably recognize the fragile node of wind-electricity integration it may first have to which selection can reflect power network topology and electricity simultaneously
The index of gas characteristic, and the difference between prominent fragile node and other nodes.Therefore, the present invention is according to Node Contraction in Complex Networks
Mathematical relationship and section DC flow model between betweenness and side betweenness, the electrical betweenness of the node interval of proposition are represented by,
In formula,Indicate the electrical betweenness in section of node k；It is the electrical betweenness in section of route k-l；F (k) is
The line set being connect with node k；wknIt is when injecting unit active power between the node k and arbitrary load node n that generates electricity
Transimission power weight；wmkIt is transimission power power when injecting unit active power between arbitrarily power generation node m and load bus k
Weight.
Step 2: proposing the Ranking Interval Numbers method based on possibility degree, route and the electrical betweenness of node interval are carried out respectively
Sequence recognizes vulnerable line and node；The step 2 specifically includes:
2-1: the electrical betweenness sort method in section based on possibility degree is proposed；
Formula (3), (4) resulting vulnerability inder is interval number.Interval number is not suitable for directly relatively, it is necessary to first be converted
It can just be compared.Therefore, the present invention uses possibility degree Ranking Interval Numbers method, to the vulnerability inder of all routes and node
It is ranked up.
NoteClaimFor an interval number；WhenSimultaneously for interval number or
Have one for interval number when, ifAnd rememberThenPossibility degree are as follows:
For the section vulnerability inder value,I ∈ 1,2, and N }, section therein
Number compares two-by-two, is the Possibility Degree Matrix P=(p that matrix element is constituted using the value that formula (5) acquiresij)N×N, and utilize sequence
The ordering vector ω of formula (6) calculating Possibility Degree Matrix Pi, and its size is ranked up.
2-2: the vulnerability assessment process of the electrical betweenness method in section；
It to sum up analyzes, the vulnerability assessment process of the electrical betweenness method in section includes: firstly, by the output power table of blower
It is shown as interval number.According to the section active power of each branch of section DC power flow equation solutionBy analyzing network connectivty,
Determine the system partitioning, in same subregion, any selection a pair of " power generation-load bus to " (m, n), and infuse between them
Enter unit active power.The sum of the section active power generated by " power generation-load bus to " on route is calculated according to (3).
Finally, the Ranking Interval Numbers method based on possibility degree is ranked up the electrical betweenness in the section acquired.In the present invention based on area
Between electrical betweenness route and node vulnerability assessment process be consistent.The electrical betweenness in the section process that sorts in detail is as follows:
1) it is based on section DC power flow network model, solves the section active power of each branch.Electric system is simplified
For the network of having the right being made of N number of node and M branch, adjacency matrix is formed, the power grid topology model of this paper is obtained.
2) judge network connectivty and determine the affiliated subregion of each node of power grid.
3) node admittance matrix of each subregion is formed.
4) whether arbitrarily selection one " power generation-load bus to " (m, n), first judge them in same subregion.If (m, n) is no
In same subregion, then choose again；If (m, n) is injected separately into wattful power in same subregion, to power generation node m, load bus n
Rate P=1 and P=-1 calculate the section active power generated on all routes and node by formula (2) and (3).
5) all power generation-load bus are traversed to later, by formula (3) and the electrical betweenness of (4) computation interval.
6) the electrical betweenness result in obtained section is ranked up using the Ranking Interval Numbers method based on possibility degree.
7) final ranking results are exported, algorithm terminates, and obtains wind-electricity integration power system vulnerability index result.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, this method considers the power grid fragility under uncertain wind-electricity integration, meets the energy of new-energy grid-connected at this stage
Source developing direction is the security needs for assessing the smart grid future development of new-energy grid-connected；
2, this method overcomes power grid vulnerability analysis and is generally only limited to interline power flow in traditional complex network model
Only along the limitation of shortest path flow direction, meanwhile, this method has comprehensively considered the topological structure of power grid, power generation capacity, load and has held
Amount and its distribution characteristics, can assess power grid fragility more truly and effectively.
3, by system core node and route under the fluctuation wind-electricity integration of this method research discovery, in extensive high wind
In the grid-connected situation of electro-osmosis rate, for avoiding electric system large-scale blackout that there is certain directive significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the electrical betweenness sequence flow chart in section of the invention.
Fig. 3 is IEEE-39 node system topological diagram.
Fig. 4 is the electrical betweenness result figure in IEEE-39 node system railroad section.
Fig. 5 is the electrical betweenness result figure of IEEE-39 node system node interval.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with example with reference to the accompanying drawing.
By taking IEEE-39 example node system in attached drawing 3 as an example, to the route fragility and node fragility of wind-electricity integration
Comprehensive analysis has been carried out, the validity that the proposed method of the present invention is applied in vulnerability assessment field is demonstrated.Specific steps are such as
Under:
Step 1: according to the topological diagram of IEEE-39 node system, the vulnerable line identification of wind-electricity integration being emulated；
IEEE-39 node system includes 46 transmission lines and 39 nodes, wherein have 10 generators, 19 load bus
With 10 transmission nodes, in addition, node 31 is balance nodes.
The present invention sets capacity of trunk as 1.4 times of initial trend, and assumes that blower is connected to node 32, it is contemplated that wind-powered electricity generation
Fluctuation, the waving interval of the active power of injection are [300,900] MW.The electrical betweenness in the railroad section proposed according to the present invention
Model and it is based on Ranking Interval Numbers method, wherein 20 route is as shown in table 1 before ranking for ranking results；Obtained railroad section is electrical
Betweenness result is as shown in Fig. 3.
The 1 electrical betweenness in IEEE-39 node system railroad section (the first two ten) of table
As it can be seen from table 1 the higher route of fragility mainly connects multiple nodes, connection generator outlet and company
The route of heavy load node is connect, these routes have higher topological importance, undertake bigger power transmission and loading tasks.
Once carrying out open circuit protection to these routes, route will be out of service, this will seriously affect multiple nodes, big so as to cause power grid
Area power outage simultaneously influences the more trends interruptions of power grid.In ten before ranking result, route 29-38,22-35,19-33 and
10-32 is the outlet important line of generator or blower, these line faults will lead to the output work of part generator or blower
Rate and components of system as directed area power is supplied insufficient.Route 16-17 is located at system topological middle position, connects many node lines
With height number, if it breaks down and will lead to the power of generator 33,34,35 and 36 and cannot normally transmit, lead to system
Power is insufficient.In a word, it can be seen that fragility discrimination method proposed by the present invention not only can reflect power network topology
Physical property, and can be well reflected the electric property after fluctuation wind-electricity integration.
Step 2: according to the topological diagram of IEEE-39 node system, the fragile node authentication of wind-electricity integration being emulated；
In order to further study the assessment of wind-electricity integration power system vulnerability, the present invention, which analyzes, considers that multiple blower fan groups connect
Enter the node fragility of power grid.Assuming that blower is linked into node 2 and node 14, fluctuation section active power is respectively
[100,300] MW, [300,500] MW.According to (2) computation interval active power, by simulation analysis, ranking results wherein the first two
Ten Node distributions are as shown in table 2；The electrical betweenness result of node interval is as shown in Fig. 4.
The 2 electrical betweenness of IEEE-39 node system node interval (the first two ten) of table
It can be clearly seen that from table 2, node 39,9,1,4 and 16 is most important five nodes.Its interior joint 39 is weight
The generator node wanted, node 9,1 and 4 is the node close to power supply, generator or blower, at these nodes in terms of power supply
It is particularly important, if failure will lead to grid power insufficient supply herein, to influence the balance of system power.Node 16 is important
Hub node, as generator node 33,34,35 and 36 important power Transmission node and have height number；If
Its failure, system load flow distribution will cause great changes, and lead to adjacent node unbalanced power, and the system that even results in occurs chain
Failure.
In conclusion fragility node authentication method of the present invention not only includes the architectural vulnerability node in network topology,
Also comprising electric property node in system, to more fully and effectively assess wind-electricity integration power system vulnerability.
System fragility node and route after wind-electricity integration can be rapidly and accurately recognized using the mentioned method of the present invention, for operation power management
Personnel efficiently filter out system weakness and judge system fragility, and improving system robustness and safety has centainly
Directive function.
Claims (3)
1. the electrical betweenness vulnerability assessment method in the section of electric system under wind-electricity integration, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: describing the fluctuation of wind-electricity integration power using interval number, propose that power network line and the electrical betweenness of node interval are crisp
Weak property index；
Step 2: proposing the Ranking Interval Numbers method based on possibility degree, route and the electrical betweenness of node interval are arranged respectively
Sequence recognizes vulnerable line and node.
2. the electrical betweenness vulnerability assessment method in the section of electric system under wind-electricity integration according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the step 1 specifically includes:
2-1: the section DC flow model of wind-electricity integration is established；
Wind-powered electricity generation uncertainty may lead the fluctuation of electric network swim distribution.The power output of blower is by wind direction, wind speed, temperature and its
Its factor influences, and the real power of output is difficult to be indicated with accurate numerical value.Interval number has when handling uncertain problem
There is good performance, uncertainty information is indicated in the form of interval number.Therefore, the present invention is by the section output power of blower
It is described for formula (1):
In formula,WithThe respectively lower and upper limit of blower section output power.
For the trend of computing electric power line and node, it is contemplated that the fluctuation of wind-powered electricity generation, system injecting power P interval number table
Show.Therefore, using section DC flow model.The present invention is to the wind-electricity integration electric system area with N number of node and M branch
Between DC power flow mathematical model be described as follows,
In formula,For the section active power for injecting node, including load bus and generator node；B is the node admittance of network
Matrix；It is node voltage phase angle vector；I is the rank vector of N × 1 that element is all 1, ITThe transposition of representing matrix I；B-1It is matrix
The inverse matrix of B；Indicate the section active power from node i to node j；BLIt is the diagonal matrix of matrix B；A is that M × N rank connects
Connect matrix；WithIt is the lower and upper limit of branch section active power value respectively.It indicates from node i to the branch of node j
The road maximum transmission power limit.
2-2: the electrical betweenness vulnerability inder in railroad section of meter and wind power integration is proposed；
In order to study the route fragility of wind-electricity integration, propose from node i to the electrical betweenness in the railroad section of node j (hereinafter
Reference line i-j) it is defined as (3).
In formula, G and L are the set of generator node and load bus respectively.It indicates when injecting unit active power
The section active power that (Xiang Fa electricity node m injects P=1, and load bus n injects P=-1) generates on route i-j.WmnIt is to add
Weight coefficient indicates the maximum available transmission power between node m and node n.And Wmn=min (Sm,Sn), wherein SmIndicate node
The rated generation capacity of m, SnIndicate the peak load demand of node n.If the node m that generates electricity includes blower, then Sm=[Pw -,Pw +], at this point, WmnIt is expressed with interval number, then,
If load bus n includes blower, then Sn=[Pw -,Pw +], then WmnFor,
2-3: the electrical betweenness vulnerability inder of node interval of meter and wind power integration is proposed；
In order to preferably recognize the fragile node of wind-electricity integration it may first have to which selection can reflect power network topology and electrical spy simultaneously
Property index, and the difference between prominent fragile node and other nodes.Therefore, the present invention is according to Node Contraction in Complex Networks betweenness
Mathematical relationship and section DC flow model between the betweenness of side, the electrical betweenness of the node interval of proposition are represented by,
In formula,Indicate the electrical betweenness in section of node k；It is the electrical betweenness in section of route k-l；F (k) is and section
The line set of point k connection；wknIt is transmission when injecting unit active power between the node k and arbitrary load node n that generates electricity
Power weight；wmkIt is transimission power weight when injecting unit active power between arbitrarily power generation node m and load bus k.
3. the electrical betweenness vulnerability assessment method in the section of electric system under wind-electricity integration according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the step 2 specifically includes:
3-1: the electrical betweenness sort method in section based on possibility degree is proposed；
Formula (3), (4) resulting vulnerability inder is interval number.Interval number is not suitable for directly relatively, it is necessary to first carry out conversion ability
It is compared.Therefore, the present invention uses possibility degree section counting method, arranges the vulnerability inder of all routes and node
Sequence.
NoteClaimIt is electrically counted for a section；WhenSimultaneously for interval number or
Have one for interval number when, ifAnd remember ThenPossibility degree are as follows:
For the section vulnerability inder value,I ∈ { 1,2 ..., N } two-by-two compares interval number therein
Compared with the Possibility Degree Matrix P=(p constituted using the value that formula (5) acquires for matrix elementij)N×N, and calculated using ordering type (6)
The ordering vector ω of Possibility Degree Matrix Pi, and its size is ranked up.
3-2: the vulnerability assessment process of the electrical betweenness method in section；
It to sum up analyzes, the vulnerability assessment process of the electrical betweenness method in section includes: firstly, the output power of blower is expressed as
Interval number.According to the section active power of each branch of section DC power flow equation solutionBy analyzing network connectivty, determine
The system partitioning, in same subregion, any selection a pair of " power generation-load bus to " (m, n), and injection is single between them
Position active power.The sum of the section active power generated by " power generation-load bus to " on route is calculated according to (3).Finally,
Ranking Interval Numbers method based on possibility degree is ranked up the electrical betweenness in the section acquired.It is electrical based on section in the present invention
The route and node vulnerability assessment process of betweenness are consistent.The electrical betweenness vulnerability assessment detailed process in section is as follows:
1) it is based on section DC power flow network model, solves the section active power of each branch.Electric system is reduced to by N
The network of having the right of a node and M branch composition, forms adjacency matrix, obtains power grid topology model.
2) judge network connectivty and determine the affiliated subregion of each node of power grid.
3) node admittance matrix of each subregion is formed.
4) whether arbitrarily selection one " power generation-load bus to " (m, n), first judge them in same subregion.If (m, n) be not same
One subregion, then choose again；If (m, n) is injected separately into active-power P in same subregion, to power generation node m, load bus n
=1 and P=-1 calculates the section active power generated on all routes and node by formula (2) and (3).
5) all power generation-load bus are traversed to later, by formula (3) and the electrical betweenness of (4) computation interval.
6) the electrical betweenness result in obtained section is ranked up using the Ranking Interval Numbers method based on possibility degree.
7) final ranking results are exported, algorithm terminates, and obtains wind-electricity integration power system vulnerability index result.
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