CN110031163B - Modular steel-concrete combined bridge model and method for bridge damage identification test - Google Patents
Modular steel-concrete combined bridge model and method for bridge damage identification test Download PDFInfo
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- CN110031163B CN110031163B CN201910223771.XA CN201910223771A CN110031163B CN 110031163 B CN110031163 B CN 110031163B CN 201910223771 A CN201910223771 A CN 201910223771A CN 110031163 B CN110031163 B CN 110031163B
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0008—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0033—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining damage, crack or wear
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modular steel-concrete composite bridge model and a method for a bridge damage identification test. The bridge comprises a bridge abutment base, a bridge support, a steel girder, a diaphragm beam, a concrete bridge deck, a connecting device between the steel girder and the diaphragm beam, a connecting device between the steel girder and the concrete bridge deck, a connecting device between the concrete bridge deck and a steel girder damage and cracking control device. The abutment base and the bridge support are used for supporting the steel-concrete combined bridge and simulating different boundary conditions; the single steel girder is connected with the concrete bridge deck through a connecting device between the steel girder and the concrete bridge deck; the connecting device between the concrete bridge deck plates is used for simulating hinge joints between the concrete bridge deck plates of the steel-concrete composite beam; the connection devices among the transverse partition beams, the steel main beams and the transverse partition beams are used for simulating the transverse connection among the steel main beams in the steel-concrete composite beam; the steel girder damage and cracking control device is used for simulating the damage of the cracked webs at different positions and different heights to the damage of the lower flange plates of the steel girders at different degrees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge model tests, and particularly relates to a modular steel-concrete combined bridge model for a bridge damage identification test and a using method thereof.
Background
The steel-concrete composite bridge is a bridge formed by combining a steel beam or a steel truss beam with a reinforced concrete bridge deck through a shear connecting key. Compared with reinforced concrete bridges, the reinforced concrete bridge has the advantages of light dead weight, good anti-seismic effect, small section size, saving formwork erecting procedures and templates, short construction period and the like. Compared with steel beams, the steel beam has the advantages of small steel consumption, high rigidity, high stability, high fire resistance, high durability and the like. In recent years, the steel-concrete composite bridge has wide application in urban overpasses and building structures in China, and is one of the main development directions of future structural systems.
The operation and maintenance of the steel-concrete composite bridge are faced with a plurality of problems and challenges. Early discovery and damage identification are key problems for prolonging the service life of the steel-concrete composite bridge and ensuring the structural safety. The simple analysis and numerical simulation often cannot meet the requirement of identifying bridge damage in practical application, so that corresponding tests are very necessary to be carried out. Model test research is one of the important means by which bridge engineers and bridge technologists determine and explore the stress state and response of complex bridge structures. At present, few test model systems related to damage identification of the steel-concrete composite beam bridge exist, and particularly, an effective test simulation means is lacked aiming at various damage working conditions in practical application, so that research on a related damage identification method is limited. In order to carry out a damage identification model test of the steel-concrete composite beam bridge, a model test system meeting the requirements needs to be established.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a modular steel-concrete combined bridge model for a bridge damage identification test and a using method thereof, which can simulate single damage and multi-damage working conditions of concrete bridge deck hinge joint damage, shear key damage, diaphragm beam damage, steel girder damage and support damage, and different types of damage combined working conditions; the static and dynamic performance model test research can be carried out on the combined bridge structure, the test simulation of various common damage forms of the combined bridge is realized, and the test research of the steel-concrete combined bridge damage identification method under the conditions of natural environment, static load, impact load, moving load and the like can be carried out. All parts of the model adopt modular design, the quantity of the transverse steel-concrete composite beams can be adjusted at will, and the model is convenient to assemble, replace and simulate different bridge parameters and various damage working conditions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a modularized steel-concrete combined bridge model for a bridge damage identification test comprises a bridge abutment base, a bridge support, a steel main beam, a transverse beam, a concrete bridge deck, a connecting device between the steel main beam and the transverse beam, a connecting device between the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck, a connecting device between the concrete bridge deck and a steel main beam damage cracking control device. The abutment base and the bridge support are used for supporting the steel-concrete combined bridge and simulating different boundary conditions; the single steel girder is connected with the concrete bridge deck through a connecting device between the steel girder and the concrete bridge deck; the connecting device between the concrete bridge deck plates is used for simulating hinge joints between the reinforced concrete composite beam concrete bridge deck plates; the connection devices among the transverse partition beams, the steel main beams and the transverse partition beams are used for simulating the transverse connection among the steel main beams in the steel-concrete composite beam; the steel girder damage and cracking control device is used for simulating the damage of the cracked steel girders of webs at different positions and different heights and the damage of lower flange plates of the steel girders to different degrees;
the connecting device between the steel main beam and the transverse partition beam comprises a steel main beam stiffening rib, a bolt for connecting the steel main beam stiffening rib and the transverse partition beam, the steel main beam stiffening rib is connected with the steel main beam through welding, and the transverse partition beam is connected with the steel main beam stiffening rib through the bolt for connecting the steel main beam stiffening rib and the transverse partition beam;
the connecting device between the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck comprises a bolt for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck, a long nut for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck, and the long nut for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck is pre-embedded in the concrete bridge deck;
the connecting device between the concrete bridge deck boards comprises embedded parts connected between the concrete bridge deck boards, and bolts for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards, wherein the embedded parts connected between the concrete bridge deck boards are embedded in the concrete bridge deck boards, the embedded parts connected between the concrete bridge deck boards are connected through the bolts for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards, and the bolts for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards are respectively arranged above and below the concrete bridge deck boards by the embedded parts connected between the concrete bridge deck boards;
the steel girder damage and cracking control device comprises steel girder web plate opening damage, steel girder lower flange plate opening damage, a first steel girder web plate damage control batten plate, a second steel girder web plate damage control batten plate, a third steel girder web plate damage control batten plate and a lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate, wherein the steel girder and each damage control batten plate are connected through bolts, and the distances from the first steel girder web plate damage control batten plate, the second steel girder web plate damage control batten plate and the third steel girder web plate damage control batten plate to a steel girder bottom plate are respectively 0.4 times, 0.2 times and 0.1 times of steel girder height.
Further, the steel-concrete composite bridge model can simulate single-damage and multi-damage working conditions of concrete bridge deck slab hinge joint damage, shear key damage, diaphragm beam damage, steel girder damage and support damage, and different types of damage combination working conditions.
Further, the bridge support selects a movable hinged support, a fixed support and the like according to boundary conditions required by a test bridge;
further, the steel main beam adopts standard H-shaped steel, and the type of the H-shaped steel is selected by calculation according to test requirements;
furthermore, the transverse partition beams adopt two standard channel steels which are back to back, and the type of the channel steel, the arrangement quantity and the arrangement position of the transverse partition beams are selected according to the transverse rigidity design required by the test;
further, the concrete bridge deck is designed to adopt plain concrete or reinforced concrete structures with different sizes according to test requirements, and the concrete material adopts common concrete or ultra-high performance concrete according to the test requirements;
furthermore, the long nuts for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck slab are different in model and can be welded with a small steel plate at one end to increase the anti-pulling capacity of the bolt according to the test requirements;
furthermore, the embedded parts connected between the concrete bridge deck plates can be welded with steel bars with hooks, and the embedded parts are connected with a steel bar net in the concrete to increase the anti-pulling capacity of the embedded parts connected between the concrete bridge deck plates;
further, the position, the arrangement number and the opening size of the opening damage of the web plate of the steel girder and the opening damage of the lower flange plate of the steel girder are set according to the test requirements;
further, the damage of the hinge joint of the concrete bridge deck slab is simulated by a connecting device between the concrete bridge deck slabs; when the upper bolt and the lower bolt of the connecting device between the concrete bridge deck boards are fastened and connected, the hinge joint of the concrete bridge deck boards at the position is in a fixed connection state; the upper bolts of the connecting devices between the concrete bridge deck boards are fastened and connected, and the hinge joints of the concrete bridge deck boards at the upper positions are in a hinged state when the lower bolts are loosened; when the upper bolt and the lower bolt of the connecting device between the concrete bridge deck boards are loosened, the hinge joint of the concrete bridge deck boards at the position is in a damaged state;
further, the damage of the shear keys is simulated through a connecting device between the steel main beams and the concrete deck slab, and various damage working conditions of the shear keys are simulated through loosening bolts for connecting one or more steel main beams and the concrete deck slab;
further, the damage of the diaphragm beams is simulated through the diaphragm beams and a connecting device between the steel main beam and the diaphragm beams, wherein the diaphragm beams are in an intact state when the diaphragm beams adopt two standard channel steel back to be fastened and connected with the stiffening ribs of the steel main beam, the diaphragm beams are in a partial damage state when the diaphragm beams adopt a single standard channel steel to be fastened and connected with the stiffening ribs of the steel main beam, and the diaphragm beams are in a complete damage state when the connection of the diaphragm beams and the stiffening ribs of the steel main beam is released;
further, the damage of the steel girder is simulated by the steel girder damage and cracking control device, and the first steel girder web damage control batten plate, the second steel girder web damage control batten plate and the third steel girder web damage control batten plate are connected with the steel girder web by connecting the steel girder with the damage control batten plate through bolts so as to control the damage degree of the opening of the steel girder web; the lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate is connected with the steel girder lower flange plate through the steel girder and the damage control batten plate through bolts so as to control the damage degree of the lower flange plate opening of the steel girder;
further, the lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate selects steel plates with different thicknesses according to test requirements to simulate the section inertia moment loss of the steel girder lower flange plate opening damage section in different degrees;
further, the support damage is simulated by removing a part of the bridge support or changing the support form of the bridge support.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a use method of the modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for the bridge damage identification test, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging damage to a web plate opening of the steel girder and damage to a lower flange plate opening of the steel girder at a design position of the steel girder in a pre-cutting mode, and welding a steel girder stiffening rib at a position corresponding to a designed diaphragm beam;
s2, connecting the first steel girder web damage control batten plate, the second steel girder web damage control batten plate and the third steel girder web damage control batten plate with the steel girder web by bolts for connecting the steel girder and the damage control batten plates so as to control the damage degree of the steel girder web opening;
s3, connecting the damage control batten plate of the lower flange plate opening with the damage control batten plate through the steel girder and connecting the damage control batten plate with the steel girder lower flange plate through bolts so as to control the damage degree of the steel girder lower flange plate opening;
s4, forming holes in the upper flange position of the steel girder according to the type and arrangement position of bolts for connecting the steel girder and the concrete deck slab;
s5, correspondingly installing bolts for connecting the steel main beam with the concrete bridge deck and long nuts for connecting the steel main beam with the concrete bridge deck on the upper flange of the steel main beam;
s6, erecting a template above the steel girder, binding the steel bars required by design, and fixing embedded parts between the concrete bridge deck plates;
s7, pouring a concrete bridge deck above the steel girder, and removing the template after maintenance is completed;
s8, repeating the steps S1-S7, installing corresponding bridge supports on the abutment bases, and placing each prefabricated single-piece combined beam on the bridge supports;
s9, connecting the single steel-concrete composite beam concrete bridge deck plates through the connecting devices between the concrete bridge deck plates, and connecting the transverse partition beams and the steel main beams through the connecting devices between the steel main beams and the transverse partition beams to enable the whole steel-concrete composite bridge to form integral rigidity;
s10, after the installation is completed, the damage of the hinge joint of the concrete bridge deck slab is simulated by controlling the connecting device between the concrete bridge deck slabs, the damage of the shear key is simulated by controlling the connecting device between the steel girder and the concrete bridge deck slab, the damage of the diaphragm girder is simulated by controlling the connecting device between the diaphragm girder and the steel girder, the damage of the steel girder is simulated by controlling the damage and cracking control device of the steel girder, and the damage of the support is simulated by removing part of the bridge support or changing the support form of the bridge support.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can simulate single damage and multi-damage working conditions of hinge joint damage, shear key damage, diaphragm beam damage, steel girder damage and support damage of a concrete bridge deck, and different types of damage combination working conditions, and realizes test simulation of various common damage forms of a combined bridge.
2. The invention not only can carry out static and dynamic performance model test research on the combined bridge structure, but also realizes test simulation of various common damage forms of the combined bridge, and can carry out test research on the steel-concrete combined bridge damage identification method under the conditions of natural environment, static load, impact load, moving load and the like.
3. All parts of the model are designed in a modularized mode, the number of the transverse steel-concrete composite beams can be adjusted at will, different bridge parameters and various damage working conditions can be conveniently assembled, replaced and simulated, and the model has wide applicability in the field of bridge damage identification model tests.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional structure view of a modular steel-concrete composite bridge model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the modular steel-concrete composite bridge model of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a connecting device between a main steel beam and a transverse beam of the modular steel-concrete composite bridge model of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connecting device between a steel main beam and a concrete bridge deck of the modular steel-concrete composite bridge model of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connecting device between concrete bridge decks of a modular steel-concrete composite bridge model according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a steel girder damage and crack control device of the modular steel-concrete composite bridge model.
Reference numerals: 1-abutment base, 2-bridge beam support, 3-steel main beam, 4-diaphragm beam, 5-concrete deck slab, 6-connecting device between steel main beam and diaphragm beam, 7-connecting device between steel main beam and concrete deck slab, 8-connecting device between concrete deck slab, 9-steel main beam damage crack control device, 10-steel main beam stiffening rib, 11-bolt for connecting steel main beam stiffening rib and diaphragm beam, 12-bolt for connecting steel main beam and concrete deck slab, 13-long nut for connecting steel main beam and concrete deck slab, 14-embedded part for connecting concrete deck slab, 15-bolt for connecting concrete deck slab, 16-steel main beam web opening damage, 17-steel main beam lower flange plate opening damage, 18-steel main beam web damage control batten plate one, 19-steel girder web damage control batten plate II, 20-steel girder web damage control batten plate III, 21-lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate, and 22-bolt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a modularized steel-concrete composite bridge model for a bridge damage identification test includes a bridge abutment base 1, a bridge support 2, a steel main beam 3, a diaphragm beam 4, a concrete bridge deck 5, a connecting device 6 between the steel main beam and the diaphragm beam, a connecting device 7 between the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck, a connecting device 8 between the concrete bridge deck, and a steel main beam damage and crack control device 9. The abutment base 1 and the bridge support 2 are used for supporting the steel-concrete composite bridge and simulating different boundary conditions; the single steel girder 3 is connected 5 with the concrete bridge deck through a connecting device 7 between the steel girder and the concrete bridge deck; the connecting device 8 between the concrete bridge deck slabs is used for simulating hinge joints between the reinforced concrete composite beam concrete bridge deck slabs; the transverse partition beams 4 and the connecting devices 6 between the steel main beams and the transverse partition beams are used for simulating the transverse connection between the steel main beams in the steel-concrete composite beam; the steel girder damage and cracking control device 9 is used for simulating the damage of the steel girders cracked by webs at different positions and different heights and the damage of lower flange plates of the steel girders at different degrees; the connecting device 6 between the steel main beam and the transverse partition beam comprises a steel main beam stiffening rib 10, a bolt 11 for connecting the steel main beam stiffening rib and the transverse partition beam, the steel main beam stiffening rib 10 is connected with the steel main beam 3 by welding, and the transverse partition beam 4 is connected with the steel main beam stiffening rib 10 by the bolt 11 for connecting the steel main beam stiffening rib and the transverse partition beam; the connecting device 7 between the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck comprises a bolt 12 for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck, a long nut 13 for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck, and the long nut 13 for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck is pre-embedded in the concrete bridge deck 5; the concrete bridge panel connecting device 8 comprises concrete bridge panel inter-plate connecting embedded parts 14, bolts 15 for connecting the concrete bridge panel inter-plate, the concrete bridge panel inter-plate connecting embedded parts 14 are embedded in the concrete bridge panel 5, the concrete bridge panel inter-plate connecting embedded parts 14 are connected through the concrete bridge panel inter-plate connecting bolts 15, and the concrete bridge panel inter-plate connecting embedded parts 14 are respectively provided with one concrete bridge panel inter-plate connecting bolt 15 above and below the concrete bridge panel 5; the steel girder damage and cracking control device 9 comprises steel girder web plate opening damage 16, steel girder lower flange plate opening damage 17, steel girder web plate damage control batten plate I18 (the distance from a steel girder bottom plate is 0.4 times of the steel girder height), steel girder web plate damage control batten plate II 19 (the distance from the steel girder bottom plate is 0.2 times of the steel girder height), steel girder web plate damage control batten plate III 20 (the distance from the steel girder bottom plate is 0.1 times of the steel girder height), and lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate 21, wherein the steel girder and each damage control batten plate are connected through bolts 22.
The invention is a technical optimization scheme: the bridge support 2 selects a movable hinged support, a fixed support and the like according to boundary conditions required by a test bridge; the steel girder 3 adopts standard H-shaped steel, and the type of the H-shaped steel is selected by calculation according to the test requirement; the transverse partition beams 4 adopt two standard channel steels back to back, and the type of the channel steel, the arrangement quantity and the arrangement position of the transverse partition beams are selected according to the transverse rigidity design required by the test; the concrete bridge deck 5 is designed to adopt plain concrete or reinforced concrete structures with different sizes according to test requirements, and the concrete material adopts common concrete or ultrahigh-performance concrete according to the test requirements; the long nut 13 for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck plate selects different types according to test requirements, and a small steel plate can be welded at one end of the long nut to increase the anti-pulling capacity of the bolt; the embedded parts 14 connected between the concrete bridge decks can be welded with steel bars with hooks, and the embedded parts are connected with a steel bar net in concrete to increase the anti-pulling capacity of the embedded parts 14 connected between the concrete bridge decks; setting positions, arrangement numbers and opening sizes of openings 16 and 17 of web plate openings of the steel girders and lower flange plate openings of the steel girders according to test requirements; the damage of the hinge joint of the concrete bridge deck slab is simulated by a connecting device 8 between the concrete bridge deck slabs; when the upper bolt and the lower bolt of the connecting device 8 between the concrete bridge deck plates are fastened and connected, the hinge joint of the concrete bridge deck plates at the position is in a fixed connection state; the upper bolts of the connecting devices 8 between the concrete bridge deck plates are fastened and connected, and the hinge joints of the concrete bridge deck plates at the positions are in a hinged state when the lower bolts are loosened; when the upper bolt and the lower bolt of the connecting device 8 between the concrete bridge deck boards are loosened, the hinge joint of the concrete bridge deck boards at the position is in a damaged state; the damage of the shear key is simulated by a connecting device 7 between the steel main beams and the concrete bridge deck, and various damage working conditions of the shear key are simulated by loosening bolts 12 for connecting one or more steel main beams and the concrete bridge deck; the damage of the diaphragm beams is simulated through the diaphragm beams 4 and a connecting device 6 between the steel main beam and the diaphragm beams, wherein the diaphragm beams 4 are in an intact state when the diaphragm beams 4 adopt two standard channel steel back to be fastened and connected with the steel main beam stiffening rib 10, the diaphragm beams 4 are in a partially damaged state when the diaphragm beams 4 adopt a single standard channel steel to be fastened and connected with the steel main beam stiffening rib 10, and the diaphragm beams 4 are in a completely damaged state when the diaphragm beams 4 are connected and loosened with the steel main beam stiffening rib 10; the damage of the steel girder is simulated by a steel girder damage and cracking control device 9, a first steel girder web damage control batten plate 18 (the distance from a steel girder bottom plate is 0.4 times of the height of the steel girder), a second steel girder web damage control batten plate 19 (the distance from the steel girder bottom plate is 0.2 times of the height of the steel girder), and a third steel girder web damage control batten plate 20 (the distance from the steel girder bottom plate is 0.1 times of the height of the steel girder) are connected with a 3 web of the steel girder through bolts 22 for connecting the steel girder and the damage control batten plate so as to control the opening damage of the 16 degrees of the steel girder web; the lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate 21 is connected with the lower flange plate of the steel main beam 3 through the steel main beam and the damage control batten plate by bolts 22 so as to control the degree of the opening damage 17 of the lower flange plate of the steel main beam; the lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate 21 selects steel plates with different thicknesses according to test requirements to simulate the section inertia moment loss of the steel girder lower flange plate opening damage section in different degrees; the support damage is simulated by removing part of the bridge support 2 or changing the support form of the bridge support 2.
When the steel girder stiffening rib pre-cutting device is installed and used, firstly, the steel girder is provided with the damage of a web plate opening of the steel girder and the damage of a lower flange plate opening of the steel girder at a design position in a pre-cutting mode, and the steel girder stiffening rib is welded at a position corresponding to a designed beam needing a diaphragm; connecting a first steel girder web damage control batten plate, a second steel girder web damage control batten plate and a third steel girder web damage control batten plate with the steel girder web by bolts for connecting the steel girder and the damage control batten plates so as to control the damage degree of the opening of the steel girder web; and the lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate is connected with the damage control batten plate through the steel girder and is connected with the steel girder lower flange plate through bolts so as to control the damage degree of the lower flange plate opening of the steel girder.
Then, holes are formed in the upper flange position of the steel main beam according to the type and arrangement position of bolts for connecting the steel main beam with the concrete bridge deck; correspondingly installing bolts for connecting the steel main beam with the concrete bridge deck and long nuts for connecting the steel main beam with the concrete bridge deck on the upper flange of the steel main beam; erecting a template above the steel girder, binding the steel bars required by design, and fixing embedded parts between the concrete bridge deck plates; and (4) pouring a concrete bridge deck above the steel girder, and removing the template after maintenance is finished.
Repeating the steps, installing corresponding bridge supports on the abutment bases, and placing each prefabricated single-piece combined beam on the bridge supports; the concrete bridge deck of each single steel-concrete composite beam is connected through the connecting devices between the concrete bridge deck boards, and the transverse partition beams and the steel main beams are connected through the connecting devices between the steel main beams and the transverse partition beams, so that the whole steel-concrete composite bridge forms integral rigidity.
After the installation is completed, the hinge joint damage of the concrete bridge deck slab is simulated by controlling the connecting device between the concrete bridge deck slabs, the damage of the shear key is simulated by controlling the connecting device between the steel girder and the concrete bridge deck slab, the damage of the diaphragm beam is simulated by controlling the connecting device between the diaphragm beam and the steel girder, the damage of the steel girder is simulated by controlling the damage and cracking control device of the steel girder, and the damage of the support is simulated by removing part of the bridge support or changing the support form of the bridge support.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The modularized steel-concrete composite bridge model for the bridge damage identification test is characterized by comprising a bridge abutment base (1), a bridge support (2), a steel main beam (3), a transverse beam (4), a concrete bridge deck (5), a connecting device (6) between the steel main beam and the transverse beam, a connecting device (7) between the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck, a connecting device (8) between concrete bridge decks and a steel main beam damage and cracking control device (9); the abutment base (1) and the bridge support (2) are used for supporting the steel-concrete combined bridge and simulating different boundary conditions; the steel main beam (3) is made of H-shaped steel, and the single steel main beam (3) is connected with the concrete deck slab (5) through a connecting device (7) between the steel main beam and the concrete deck slab; the connecting device (8) between the concrete bridge deck plates is used for simulating hinge joints between the concrete bridge deck plates of the steel-concrete composite bridge; the transverse partition beams (4), the steel main beams and the connecting devices (6) between the transverse partition beams are used for simulating the transverse connection between the steel main beams in the reinforced concrete composite bridge; the steel girder damage and cracking control device (9) is used for simulating the damage of the cracked steel girders of webs at different positions and different heights and the damage of lower flange plates of the steel girders to different degrees;
the connecting device (6) between the steel main beam and the transverse partition beam comprises a steel main beam stiffening rib (10), the steel main beam stiffening rib (10) is connected with the steel main beam (3) through welding, and the transverse partition beam (4) is connected with the steel main beam stiffening rib (10) through a bolt (11) for connecting the steel main beam stiffening rib and the transverse partition beam;
the connecting device (7) between the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck comprises a bolt (12) for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck and a long nut (13) for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck, wherein the long nut (13) for connecting the steel main beam and the concrete bridge deck is pre-embedded in the concrete bridge deck (5);
the connecting device (8) between the concrete bridge deck boards comprises embedded parts (14) for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards and bolts (15) for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards, the embedded parts (14) for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards are embedded in the concrete bridge deck boards (5), the embedded parts (14) for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards are connected through the bolts (15) for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards, and the embedded parts (14) for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards are respectively provided with one bolt (15) for connecting between the concrete bridge deck boards above and below the concrete bridge deck boards (5);
the steel girder damage cracking control device (9) comprises steel girder web plate opening damage (16), steel girder lower flange plate opening damage (17), steel girder web plate damage control batten plate I (18), steel girder web plate damage control batten plate II (19), steel girder web plate damage control batten plate III (20) and lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate (21), the steel girders are connected with the damage control batten plates through bolts (22), and the distances between the steel girder web plate damage control batten plate I, the steel girder web plate damage control batten plate II and the steel girder web plate damage control batten plate III and the steel girder bottom plate are respectively 0.4 times, 0.2 times and 0.1 times of steel girder height.
2. The modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for the bridge damage identification test according to claim 1, wherein the steel-concrete composite bridge model can simulate one or more of concrete deck slab hinge joint damage, shear key damage, diaphragm beam damage, steel girder damage and support damage.
3. The modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for the bridge damage identification test according to claim 1, wherein the bridge bearing (2) is a movable hinged bearing, a fixed hinged bearing or a fixed bearing.
4. The modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for the bridge damage identification test is characterized in that hooked steel bars are welded on the embedded parts (14) connected between the concrete bridge deck plates and are connected with a steel bar net in concrete to increase the pulling resistance of the embedded parts (14) connected between the concrete bridge deck plates.
5. The modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for bridge damage identification test according to claim 1, wherein the hinge joint damage between the concrete bridge deck plates is simulated by a connecting device (8) between the concrete bridge deck plates; when the upper bolt and the lower bolt of the connecting device (8) between the concrete bridge deck plates are fastened and connected, the hinge joint between the concrete bridge deck plates at the position is in a fixed connection state; the upper bolts of the connecting devices (8) between the concrete bridge deck plates are fastened and connected, and the hinge joints between the concrete bridge deck plates at the positions are in a hinged state when the lower bolts are loosened; when the upper bolt and the lower bolt of the connecting device (8) between the concrete bridge deck plates are loosened, the hinge joints between the concrete bridge deck plates at the position are in a damaged state.
6. The modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for bridge damage identification test according to claim 2, wherein the shear key damage is simulated by connecting devices (7) between the steel girders and the concrete deck slab, and the shear key damage condition is simulated by loosening bolts (12) for connecting one or more steel girders and the concrete deck slab.
7. The modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for the bridge damage identification test according to claim 2, wherein the diaphragm damage is simulated by the diaphragm (4) and the connecting device (6) between the main beam and the diaphragm, wherein the diaphragm (4) is in a complete state when the diaphragm (4) adopts two back-to-back channel steels to be fastened with the main beam stiffening rib (10), the diaphragm (4) is in a partial damage state when the diaphragm (4) adopts a single channel steel to be fastened with the main beam stiffening rib (10), and the diaphragm (4) is in a complete damage state when the diaphragm (4) is loosened from the connection with the main beam stiffening rib (10).
8. The modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for the bridge damage identification test is characterized in that the steel girder damage is simulated by a steel girder damage cracking control device (9), and the steel girder web damage control batten plate I (18), the steel girder web damage control batten plate II (19) and the steel girder web damage control batten plate III (20) are connected with the steel girder (3) web through bolts (22) to control the degree of steel girder web opening damage (16); the lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate (21) is connected with the lower flange plate of the steel girder (3) through bolts (22) to control the degree of the opening damage (17) of the lower flange plate of the steel girder.
9. The modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for bridge damage identification test according to claim 2, wherein the support damage is simulated by removing the bridge support (2) or changing the support form of the bridge support (2).
10. The use method of the modular steel-concrete composite bridge model for the bridge damage identification test is based on the modular steel-concrete composite bridge model of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, welding a steel girder stiffening rib (10) at a corresponding position of the diaphragm beam (4) by the steel girder (3) in a precutting mode on the steel girder web plate opening damage (16) and the steel girder lower flange plate opening damage (17);
s2, connecting the first steel girder web damage control batten plate (18), the second steel girder web damage control batten plate (19) and the third steel girder web damage control batten plate (20) with the web of the steel girder (3) through bolts (22) to control the degree of steel girder web opening damage (16);
s3, connecting the lower flange plate opening damage control batten plate (21) with the lower flange plate of the steel girder (3) through a bolt (22) to control the degree of the opening damage (17) of the lower flange plate of the steel girder;
s4, forming holes in the upper flange position of the steel girder (3) according to the type and arrangement position of bolts (12) for connecting the steel girder and the concrete bridge deck;
s5, correspondingly installing bolts (12) for connecting the steel main beam with the concrete bridge deck and long nuts (13) for connecting the steel main beam with the concrete bridge deck on the upper flange of the steel main beam (3);
s6, erecting a template above the steel girder (3), binding the steel bars required by design, and fixing embedded parts (14) connected between the concrete bridge deck plates;
s7, pouring a concrete bridge deck (5) above the steel girder (3), and removing the formwork after maintenance is finished;
s8, repeating the steps S1-S7, installing corresponding bridge supports (2) on the abutment base (1), and placing each prefabricated single-piece combined beam on the bridge supports (2);
s9, connecting the single steel-concrete composite beam concrete bridge decks through the concrete bridge deck inter-deck connecting devices (8), and connecting the transverse beam (4) and the steel main beam (3) through the steel main beam and transverse beam inter-connecting devices (6) to enable the whole steel-concrete composite bridge to form integral rigidity;
and S10, after the installation is finished, simulating the damage of a hinge joint, a shear key, a diaphragm beam, a steel main beam and a support of the concrete bridge deck.
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