CN110030153A - The automatic pitch-controlled system of generator, motor and engine - Google Patents
The automatic pitch-controlled system of generator, motor and engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110030153A CN110030153A CN201811170553.6A CN201811170553A CN110030153A CN 110030153 A CN110030153 A CN 110030153A CN 201811170553 A CN201811170553 A CN 201811170553A CN 110030153 A CN110030153 A CN 110030153A
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- blade
- cavity shell
- controlled system
- automatic pitch
- blade cavity
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/041—Automatic control; Regulation by means of a mechanical governor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the automatic pitch-controlled system of a kind of generator, motor and engine, the blade being distributed including main shaft and multi-disc around the axis of the main shaft, which is characterized in that further include: blade cavity shell is arranged on the main shaft for installing the blade；Resilient movement steering mechanism, for the guide blades deflection when blade occurs mobile relative to blade cavity shell, and for applying elastic force to blade；Generator or motor or engine, are connected to the shaft.The system can obtain the optimal combination of propeller pitch angle and rotation speed in variety classes turbomachinery automatically, and, using pure mechanical structure will not by have a power failure, anemobiagraph inaccuracy or user's mistake influenced, to enhance system reliability, preciseness and control efficiency, the extreme complexity and expensive disadvantage of existing active control system are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to blade technology more particularly to the automatic pitch-controlled systems of a kind of generator, motor and engine.
Background technique
Currently, be widely used using the equipment that rotating vane realizes power input or power output, such as: in wind-force
It is largely used in the equipment such as generator, the hydraulic turbine, spiral propeller, turbine, spinning roller machinery.Wherein, since blade is rotating
It is influenced in the process by fluid (gas or liquid) speed, it usually needs for the propeller pitch angle of different flow velocity adjustment blades.It is existing
Have and generally use the propeller pitch angle that electronically controlled mode adjusts blade in technology, by using computer system detection wind speed to adjust
Save the propeller pitch angle of blade.Several subsystems, such as computer, software, airspeedometer, thermometer are all relied on however, above-mentioned, and this
A little system is easy to be influenced by error and failure, becomes extremely complex so as to cause whole system, reliability it is lower and
Manufacturing cost and maintenance cost are higher.How a kind of high reliablity is designed, automatic pitch-controlled system at low cost is that the present invention is wanted
The technical issues of solution.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: providing a kind of automatic pitch-controlled system, solve in the prior art automatic
The low and at high cost defect of the reliability of pitch-controlled system realizes the reliability for improving automatic pitch-controlled system, and reduce its manufacture at
Sheet and maintenance cost.
Technical solution provided by the invention is a kind of automatic pitch-controlled system, including main shaft and multi-disc around the main shaft
The blade of axis distribution, further includes:
Blade cavity shell is arranged on the main shaft for installing the blade, and the blade rotation causes the blade
When centripetal force changes, the blade can the longitudinal axis on the blade cavity shell along the blade move.
Resilient movement steering mechanism, for guiding institute when the blade is vertically moved relative to the blade cavity shell
It states blade to be rotated around its own center line to change propeller pitch angle, and for applying elastic force to the blade.
Generator or motor or engine, are connected to the shaft.
Further, the mobile steering mechanism includes sliding slot and the guide part that is arranged in the sliding slot.
Further, the sliding slot is arranged in the blade cavity shell, and the guide part is arranged on the blade；Or
Person, the sliding slot are arranged on the blade, and the guide part is arranged on the blade cavity shell.
Further, the guide part is the guide post being slidably arranged in the sliding slot or sliding block or blowout patche.
Further, the guide part is the guide roller that can be rolled in the sliding slot.
Further, two or more blade cavity shells, Mei Gesuo is distributed in the circumferencial direction of the main shaft
It states and is provided with mounting hole in blade cavity shell, the root of the blade is mounted in the mounting hole.
Further, fixed ring is additionally provided on the blade cavity shell, the Fixing shrink ring is on the blade and fixed
On the blade cavity shell；Alternatively, be additionally provided with fixed ring on the blade, the Fixing shrink ring on the blade cavity shell simultaneously
It is fixed on the blade.
Further, the both ends of the elastic component are respectively arranged with connector, wherein a connector is fixed on
On the blade, another connector is fixed on the blade cavity shell.
Further, the elastic component refer to be stretched, compress, rotate, torsional deflection and generate blocking these
The component of the restoring force of deformation, including spring.
Further, the outer diameter of the blade cavity shell is less than the internal diameter of the blade root of the blade, and the blade root can be in institute
State the outer surface sliding of blade cavity shell；Alternatively, the internal diameter of the blade cavity shell is greater than the outer diameter of the blade root of the blade, the leaf
Root can slide in the blade cavity shell.
Further, the blade cavity shell is accommodated fully or partly in inside central hub, can also be completely in center wheel
Outside hub.
Further, linear bearing or ball bearing array are used on the root of blade or blade cavity shell.
Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: automatic pitch-controlled system provided by the invention, passes through
Elastic component being set, elastic force is applied to blade, during blade rotational speed variation, the centrifugal force that blade generates changes,
So that the elastic force that elastic component applies blade is different, blade will be in the case where different rotating speeds, relative to blade cavity
Shell perpendicular to main-shaft axis direction along moving, at this point, cooperating mobile steering mechanism to guide blade, so that blade exists
It itself rotates while mobile, so that adjust automatically propeller pitch angle, is automatically configured with realizing for each blade speed of rotation
Optimal propeller pitch angle, and cooperate mobile steering mechanism using the automatic tune of mechanical system realization blade pitch angle by elastic component
Section, without configuring complicated electronic control system, operational reliability is more preferable, also, the structure of whole system is simple, manufacturing cost
It is lower with maintenance cost.
In conclusion compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is summarized as follows:
1) relatively easy.
2) it is not influenced by user's mistake.
3) it is not influenced by running out of steam.
4) it is not influenced by computer failure or failure.
5) (such as airspeedometer) is not influenced by electronic sub-system failure or error.
6) durability and service life are high.
7) low-maintenance.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram one of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the partial structural diagram of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is confined explosion's perspective view one of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is confined explosion's perspective view two of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the use state of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention with reference to figure；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment blade of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the partial exploded view one of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the partial exploded view two of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment blade cavity shell of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of motor in the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram two of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram three of the automatic pitch-controlled system embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the coordinate analysis figure of blade；
Figure 14 is the force analysis figure of blade；
Figure 15 is the coordinate analysis figure of blade cavity shell；
Figure 16 is the partial sectional view of the automatic pitch-controlled system complexity embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 17 is confined explosion's perspective view three of the automatic pitch-controlled system complexity embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 18 is the assembling figure of the automatic pitch-controlled system complexity embodiment ring-shaped guide rail of the present invention, gravity-roller and spring；
Figure 19 is the assembling figure of the present invention automatic pitch-controlled system complexity embodiment ring-shaped guide rail and main shaft；
Figure 20 is the automatic pitch-controlled system complexity embodiment ring-shaped guide rail of the present invention and gravity-roller assembling figure one；
Figure 21 is the automatic pitch-controlled system complexity embodiment ring-shaped guide rail of the present invention and gravity-roller assembling figure two.
Description of symbols: 1- blade, 2- blade cavity shell, 3- elastic component, 4- guide part, 5- sliding slot, 6- fixed ring, 7-
Blade root, 8- wheel hub, 11- motor/generator.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 13, the square directly proportional of centrifugal force on all rotating vanes and hub rotation speed is acted on.Revolving speed is got over
Height, the centrifugal force that blade is pulled away from wheel hub are bigger.This centrifugal force is contended with by a Hookean spring, which increases in revolving speed
When can elongate.When spring elongation, blade can be under roller and railway effect along its axial-rotation.Guide rail may be designed so that, turn
Speed strictly increases blade pitch angle (for example to propeller) when increasing, or increases blade paddle in the range of speeds of a safety
Elongation (for example to turbine), then when revolving speed increases to it is excessively high when, blade pitch angle will be reduced and/or be down to zero.
For the propeller etc. in typical wind-driven generator, various aerofoil fans, forward flight, can derive
The naive model of one wheel hub constant speed rotation system in vertical plane.The model can be used for its dynamics and its performance state
It is analyzed, to do more suitable design for various applications.
One useful method is to define a coordinate system for being fixed on ground and a coordinate system being fixed on wheel hub,
Two coordinate system has same origin.Indicate that the coordinate system for being fixed on ground, xyz indicate the coordinate system being fixed on wheel hub with XYZ.
The center of the two coordinate systems is all located at the intersection point of blade cavity shell center line.X-axis be it is vertical, Y-axis comes from paper,
Z axis is horizontal.Y and Y-axis always synteny, but when hub rotation, x-axis and z-axis can change their direction, with β table
Show, and z-axis always points at the center line of a blade cavity shell.
As shown in figure 14, free body diagram.
It is necessary to consider the power being applied on blade and torque, to simulate and understand the movement of its blade, including its is right
The response of interference.These power come from air force, gravity, the interaction force of roller and guide rail, centrifugal force, spring and blade cavity
The interaction force of shell.Free body diagram helps to understand these power and torque.
There are four key point, A, C, R and G.A is the aerodynamic centre of blade, is the effect of air force and torque
Point, it is the application point of centrifugal force and gravity that C, which is the mass centre of blade,.R is reaction force/torque position, and G is leaf
The circular section center of piece roll surface.It is assumed here that the air force in the direction z be it is negligible, act on x axis and y-axis side
To aerodynamics moment be also negligible.
In addition, F indicates a kind of power, M indicates a kind of torque.Subscript a indicates " aerodynamic ", and c indicates " centrifugation ", g
It indicates " slot ", be related to the power or torque acted on guide rail or slot, r indicates " reaction ", and s indicates " spring ", and x is indicated
" in the direction x ", y indicate " in the direction y ", and z indicates " in the direction z ".
When blade rotates, the weight of blade be will act on the different directions in wheel hub fixed coordinate system.Regrettably, weight
Power is mainly applied to xz plane and influences the power on the direction z, the blade pulling force of a cycle variation is generated, to influence blade
Propeller pitch angle.When the propeller pitch angle of each blade generates cyclically-varying, generation is also pressed blade rotation by all power and torque
The cyclically-varying of frequency.The design of central guide rail and central roller be for correct it is this periodically act on, when blade is in
It pushes up when the top of period rotation, is pulled up when blade is in the bottom of period rotation.It is modified in this way as a result, blade
Z coordinate position will not depend on its angular coordinate, β, and be only dependent upon the velocity of rotation of wheel hub.Mathematically, Wo Menke
To pass through the drift for changing spring, zs0, by the influence of central orbit and roller, be modeled as angular coordinate, β, function.One weight
The considerations of wanting be, can complexity caused by the increased cost of institute and central roller and guide assembly can be to avoid.The weight of blade
Amount be it is constant, centrifugal force and hub rotation speed it is square directly proportional.So when revolving speed is big centrifugal force accounted for relative to weight it is leading
Status.In addition, centrifugal force phase can be further increased by that will be designed to that there is more highdensity substance close at blade end
Influence for gravity.To avoid resonating, system design should make its intrinsic frequency other than revolving speed domain.Damping can also be used
System simultaneously adjusts.We can be considered a simple point mass and rotate in vertical plane, and be connected to its rotation with a rope
Center.When point mass is at minimum position, centrifugal force and gravity are in same direction, in this case, on rope
Tension is:L is the length of rope, and m is quality, and g is acceleration of gravity, and the point of top indicates time-derivative,It is the angular velocity of rotation that blade surrounds wheel hub.One small drone propeller radius is about 0.1m, corresponding " rope length "
It is probably 0.035m.Small drone propeller rotation speed in flight can achieve 78.5-130.9rad/s；These frequencies
Rate should avoid the intrinsic frequency of system as far as possible.When small drone is reduced to point mass and rope, in the entire revolving speed of wheel hub
Gravity is the 1.6% to 4.5% of centrifugal force in range.In this case, propeller pitch angle fluctuation is slight, dispenses central roller in
It is feasible for entreating guide assembly.All systems in horizontal plane rotation, or there is no gravity presence when operating, it can omit
Central guide rail and roll assembly and work in good conditionly.Another example considers a typical large-scale wind driven generator one
A vertical plane is rotated with the speed of 1.05rad/s, and the length of blade is 40 meters, and quality is 5500 kilograms.In this case,
Gravity is the 67% of centrifugal force, therefore cannot omit central guide rail and roll assembly.
Outer ledge of the R point-rendering in blade enclosure and the center in circular cross-section.The position of R is to a certain extent can
With optional, because applying point for what is arbitrarily assumed, the exact value of a reaction force-moment system can be determined.Instead
Opplied moment and power are all small to can be ignored (lubrication is good, no friction) in a z-direction.Spring force is also by point R geometry
One result of analysis.
The last one key point is G, is at the circular section center of plane where blade roller.The power being applied on blade roller can
To be reduced to a power being applied on point G and corresponding torque.It is assumed that blade guide rail depth is enough, to prevent the end of blade roller
Portion touches the bottom of blade guide rail, is thus applied on blade roller without active force along the binormal direction of blade guide rail.
In addition, frictional force is ignored, it is applied on blade roller so that not acting on force edge rail tangential direction.Therefore, guide rail can be with
The power of application can simplify as only along the power of guide rail normal directionSubscript n indicates " normal direction ", the arrow of top
Indicate that vector, ^ indicate unit vector.Assume again that the blade of a perfect rigidity, so that it may obtain the equation of motion.
The equation of motion
(1)Fax+Frx+Fgx+Wx=0
(2)Fay+Fry+Fgy=0
(4)-Fay·(zA-zR)+Fgy·(zR-zG)+Mrx=0
(5)Fax·(zA-zR)-Fgx·(zR-zG)+Wx·(zC-zR)+Mry=0
This six equations of motion have eight unknown quantitys: Fgx, Fgy, Fgz, Mgz, Frx, Fry, Mrx, Mry；But pass through guide rail-
The interaction of roller, available more equations.
In the new equation of three obtained, include four new unknown quantitys: Fg,ButIt will be determined during Guide Rail Design.Then Fgx, FgyAnd FgzA unknown function F will be becomeg, we have nine not
Know nine several equations, this be one have a unique solution solve system.
As shown in figure 15, Guide Rail Design and normal direction.
For this specific invention, Guide Rail Design is novel.For convenience, one is defined here with target under g
Coordinate system, and since the inside edge of guide rail, so that z=zg+zg0, then:
Each guide rail has a constant radial distance from blade cavity shell center line, so more convenient with cylindrical coordinates.
rg≡constant
It can be expressed as a variable zgFunction, wherein function #g(zg) determine when blade has been pulled to specific zgPosition
When propeller pitch angle.For the particular vane design run on special domain, the several best speed of rotation/pitches can be calculated
Angle combination.Curve matching can be applied to the best speed of rotation/propeller pitch angle in domain, to obtain θg(zg).It converts back and is fixed on wheel
Cartesian coordinate main system on hub just obtains the following useful description to guide rail:
Next, we determined that the length of curve " s " of guide rail, with the functional form of z, to be described as, (symbol "~" indicates product
Variation per minute z, to be distinguished from from integral limitation z)
It introducesDeng differential of the symbol ' expression relative to z, we determined that unit normal vector are as follows:
Active force and torque
Air force
For propeller or turbine, it can usually surround rate of discharge, propeller pitch angle, the central value () of rotation speed etc. is set
Meter is to meet its efficient operation.Then its aerodynamics is characterized and models, including in application domain different parameters and
The variation of dimensionless factor.These models are synthesized to the equation of motion of passive paddle changing control system.
Centrifugal force is described with following formula:
Wherein, m is the quality of blade,It is the rotation speed of wheel hub, zcIt is the position at leaf quality center, and is's
Function.
Weight:
If wheel hub is rotated in vertical plane, its weight will not have y-component.In this case, in the fixed seat of wheel hub
Power caused by weight in mark system will depend on the rotational angle of blade, such as following formula:
Wx=-Wsin (β)
Wz=-Wcos (β)
Spring:
If spring be in its working range it is linear, it is applied to the power on blade by medelling are as follows:
Wherein k is linear spring constant, zs0Correspond to the z location of the blade roller of zero spring-compressed or elongation.zs0It is wheel
The known function of hub rotation angle β is designed to offset the weight W of blade in a z-directionz.The pitch variation of blade will lead to spring
It reverses and extends.If torque is sufficiently large, coupling is ignored, and the torque for reversing generation be assumed it is linear, then:
Wherein τsIt is torsion spring constant, θs0Correspond to the propeller pitch angle of zero spring torsion.
Roller and reaction force/torque:
Using the equation of motion previously derived, net reaction force and the torque being applied on blade can be determined.
As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 12, the specific structure in conjunction with attached drawing for the automatic pitch-controlled system of the present embodiment is illustrated:
The automatic pitch-controlled system of the present embodiment includes blade 1, wheel hub 8 and main shaft, and the wheel hub 8 is fixed on the main shaft,
Further include:
Blade cavity shell 2 is arranged on the wheel hub 8 for installing the blade 1, and the rotation of blade 1 causes the leaf
When the centripetal force of piece 1 changes, the blade 1 can be moved on the blade cavity shell 2 along the longitudinal axis of the blade 1
It is dynamic；；
Elastic component 3 is arranged in the blade cavity shell 2 for applying elastic force to the blade 1；
Mobile steering mechanism, for described in the guidance when the blade 1 is vertically moved relative to the blade cavity shell 2
Blade 1 is rotated around its own center line to change propeller pitch angle.
Specifically, the automatic pitch-controlled system blade 1 of the present embodiment, wheel hub 8 and main shaft rotate together, the root of blade 1 is set
It sets in blade cavity shell 2, blade 1 can either move back and forth along the axis direction perpendicular to main shaft relative to blade cavity shell 2, again
Can around its center line own rotation, and elastic component 3 will to blade 1 apply spring force to meet different rotating speeds under the conditions of, blade 1
State in stress balance, and blade 1 is because of the speed difference of its rotation, the centrifugal force difference of the generation of blade 1, elastic component 3
The spring force applied to blade 1 is also just different, and elastic component 3 occurs to stretch in 1 different rotating speeds of blade, so that leaf
Piece 1 moves in blade cavity shell 2, and move steering mechanism guide blades 1 can carry out accordingly during blade 1 is mobile
Rotating and excursion is to change the propeller pitch angle of blade 1, to meet the revolving speed matched of propeller pitch angle Yu blade 1, to obtain higher effect
Rate.Propeller pitch angle is adjusted using electric-control system compared to traditional technology, the automatic pitch-controlled system of the present embodiment the present embodiment passes through elasticity
Mechanical adjustment propeller pitch angle, in actual use, the reliability of purely mechanic adjusting are realized in component 3 and mobile steering mechanism's cooperation
It is higher, also, overall structure is simple, and manufacturing cost and later maintenance cost are lower.Wherein, the circumferencial direction of the wheel hub 8
Multiple blade cavity shells 2 are distributed with, mounting hole is provided in each blade cavity shell 2, the blade root 7 of the blade 1 is installed
Corresponding in the mounting hole, elastic component 3 connects the root of blade 1, and elastic component 3 also is located in mounting hole and consolidates
It is scheduled on blade cavity shell 2.Reliability is improved in addition, blade 1 is avoided to detach from mounting hole, on the blade cavity shell 2
It is additionally provided with fixed ring 6,6 sets of the fixed ring on the blade 1 and are fixed on the blade cavity shell 2, the fixed ring 6
Guide part 4 can be stopped to slide out from sliding slot 5, fallen off to avoid blade 1.Wherein, the elastic component 3, which refers to, is being drawn
Stretch, compress, rotating, torsional deflection and generate stop these deformation restoring forces component.Such as: elastic component 3 can use
Spring or other components with elastic telescopic function.
Wherein, blade weight counterbalance component, including fixed ring-shaped guide rail 10, institute can also be increased to eliminate gravity influence
The center for stating ring-shaped guide rail 10 is located above the axis of the main shaft, and each blade 1 is configured with gravity-roller 9, the elasticity
Component 3 is connected between the gravity-roller 9 and the blade 1, and the gravity-roller 9, which rolls, to be arranged in the ring-shaped guide rail 10,
Multiple blade cavity shells 2 are distributed in the circumferencial direction of the wheel hub 8, are provided with mounting hole in each blade cavity shell 2, institute
The blade root 7 for stating blade 1 is mounted in the mounting hole, corresponding, and elastic component 3 connects the root of blade 1, elastic component 3
It also is located in mounting hole and is connected in gravity-roller 9.Specifically, during rotation due to blade 1, the position period of blade 1
Property change, meanwhile, the gravity of blade 1 influence with its centrifugal force direction also can generating period variation, in order to subtract
Influence of few 1 gravity of blade to generating during propeller pitch angle adjustment, is cooperated by the ring-shaped guide rail 10 and gravity-roller 9 of eccentric setting
To cut down the influence of gravity generation, specifically, when blade 1 turns to the lowermost, gravity and the centrifugal force direction phase of blade 1
Together, active force is superimposed, and when blade 1 turns to the top, the gravity of blade 1 is contrary with centrifugal force, and active force supports
Disappear.When blade 1 is located at lower area, gravity is superimposed with centrifugal force, to increase the power applied to elastic component 3, makes elasticity
3 stretcher strain of component increases to be displaced outwardly blade 1 from rotation center, due to the center deviation shaft 12 of ring-shaped guide rail 10
Axis and be located at the top of axis, so that make blade 1 is displaced outwardly counteractings, to keep blade 1 in the exhausted of blade axial direction
Position is remained unchanged.Likewise, gravity and centrifugal force mutually weaken, and make elastic component 3 when blade 1 is located at upper area
It generates compressive deformation or stretcher strain is made to reduce to move inward blade 1 towards rotation center, due in ring-shaped guide rail 10
The heart deviates the axis of shaft 12 and is located at the top of axis, to make the inward displacement of blade 1 offset, so that blade 1 be kept to exist
The absolute position of blade axial direction still maintains constant.Wherein, in order to improve reliability and structural strength, ring-shaped guide rail 10 includes more
Item, which is arranged side by side, guide-track groove, and each blade 1 is rolled configured with multiple gravity-rollers 9 arranged side by side, the gravity-roller 9
It is dynamic to be arranged in the corresponding guide-track groove 71.Wherein, ring-shaped guide rail 10 oval or subtriangular etc. can close to be round
Ring structure.
Further, for convenience the mobile steering mechanism's adjustment blade 1 of realization deflects, and mobile steering mechanism includes sliding slot
5 and the guide part 4 that is arranged in the sliding slot 5.Specifically, guide part 4 is moved along sliding slot 5, the radian of sliding slot 5 is followed to lead
To and can control blade 1 deflect, wherein the sliding slot 5 can be set in the blade cavity shell 2, the corresponding guiding
Part 4 is arranged on the blade 2；Alternatively, the sliding slot 5 is arranged on the blade 1, the guide part 4 is arranged in the leaf
On piece chamber shell 2, specifically, blade 1 is illustrated for guide part 4 is arranged: blade 1 so that sliding slot 5 to be arranged on blade cavity shell 2
After revolving speed changes, blade 1 moves in mounting hole under the action of the centrifugal force, and blade 1 is in moving process, by guide part
4 with sliding slot 5 cooperation be oriented to so that blade 1 along the chute 5 curve rotate deflection, to meet under the velocity conditions automatically
Required propeller pitch angle requirement.Wherein, guide part 4 can be the guide post being slidably arranged in the sliding slot 5 or sliding block；Alternatively,
The guide part 4 is the guide roller that can be rolled in the sliding slot 5.Under normal circumstances, the speed that blade 1 rotates is bigger, blade 1
Propeller pitch angle be also required to increase with it, then sliding slot 5 can be made to be designed as blade 1 along the chute in 5 conventional design of sliding slot
During 5 are displaced outwardly, the propeller pitch angle of blade 1 is gradually increased, conversely, then blade 1 is during along the chute 5 move inward, leaf
The propeller pitch angle of piece 1 is gradually reduced.
Wherein, the outer diameter of the blade cavity shell 2 is less than the internal diameter of the blade root 7 of the blade 1, and the blade root 7 can be in institute
State the outer surface sliding of blade cavity shell 2；Alternatively, the internal diameter of blade cavity shell 2 is greater than the outer diameter of the blade root 7 of the blade 1, the leaf
Root 7 can move in the blade cavity shell 2.And for the wheel hub 8 in system, the blade cavity shell 2 can be located at wheel hub 8
Outside can also increase the size of wheel hub 8, so that wheel hub 8 partly or entirely wraps the blade cavity shell 2, blade cavity shell 2
It is non-bulging in wheel hub 8.
In addition, in actual use, the automatic pitch-controlled system configuration optional equipment of the present embodiment for input power generation or
For power output, such as: main shaft can connect the associated components such as generator 11 or motor or engine.
Automatic pitch-controlled system provided by the invention, using pure mechanical mechanism, will not be had a power failure, anemobiagraph inaccuracy or
The influence of user's mistake, so that system reliability, preciseness and control efficiency are enhanced, during blade rotational speed variation,
The centrifugal force that blade generates changes so that the spring force that spring applies blade changes, and blade will be relative to blade cavity
Shell moves, and mobile steering mechanism is cooperated to guide blade, so that blade itself rotates with adjust automatically paddle
Elongation.In addition a kind of elastic mechanism can also be designed, mechanical movable steering mechanism is not needed, but relies on elastic mechanism itself
Torsion and stretching coupling generate needed for propeller pitch angle.The system can slightly be adjusted to apply at many aspects, for example,
The system can provide anti-hypervelocity for fluid-operated turbine and ensure.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (11)
1. the automatic pitch-controlled system of a kind of generator, motor and engine surrounds the axis of the main shaft including main shaft and multi-disc
The blade of line distribution, which is characterized in that further include:
Blade cavity shell is arranged on the main shaft for installing the blade, and the blade rotation causes the centripetal of the blade
When power changes, the blade can the longitudinal axis on the blade cavity shell along the blade move.
Elasticity-movement-steering mechanism, for described in the guidance when the blade is vertically moved relative to the blade cavity shell
Blade is rotated around its own center line to change propeller pitch angle, and for applying elastic force to the blade.
Generator or motor or engine, are connected to the shaft.
2. automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mobile steering mechanism includes sliding slot and sets
Set the guide part in the sliding slot.
3. automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the sliding slot is arranged in the blade cavity shell
In, the guide part is arranged on the blade；Alternatively, the sliding slot is arranged on the blade, the guide part setting exists
On the blade cavity shell.
4. automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the guide part is to be slidably arranged in the cunning
Guide post or sliding block or blowout patche in slot；Alternatively, the guide part is the guide roller that can be rolled in the sliding slot.
5. automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that there are two the circumferencial direction distributions of the main shaft
Or more than two blade cavity shells, mounting hole is provided in each blade cavity shell, and the root of the blade is mounted on
In the mounting hole.
6. automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with fixation on the blade cavity shell
Ring, the Fixing shrink ring is on the blade and is fixed on the blade cavity shell；Alternatively, being additionally provided with fixation on the blade
Ring, the Fixing shrink ring is on the blade cavity shell and is fixed on the blade.
7. automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that used on the root of blade or blade cavity shell
Linear bearing or ball bearing array.
8. automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the both ends of the elastic component are respectively set
There is connector, wherein a connector is fixed on the blade, another connector is fixed on the blade cavity shell.
9. -8 any automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elastic component refer to by
Stretch, compression, rotation, torsional deflection and generate the component for stopping the restoring forces of these deformations, including spring.
10. -8 any automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the outer diameter of the blade cavity shell is small
In the internal diameter of the blade root of the blade, the blade root can slide in the outer surface of the blade cavity shell；Alternatively, the blade cavity
The internal diameter of shell is greater than the outer diameter of the blade root of the blade, and the blade root can slide in the blade cavity shell.
11. -8 any automatic pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the blade cavity shell is completely or portion
Partial volume is contained in inside central hub, can also be completely outside central hub.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2017109175772 | 2017-09-25 | ||
| CN201710917577 | 2017-09-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110030153A true CN110030153A (en) | 2019-07-19 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811170553.6A Pending CN110030153A (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | The automatic pitch-controlled system of generator, motor and engine |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2374531A1 (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1978-07-13 | Thierry Calige | Wind driven power generator with aerodynamic blades - has springs countering centrifugal force to give automatic adjustment of pitch |
| US4495423A (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1985-01-22 | Felt Products Mfg. Co. | Wind energy conversion system |
| WO1985002383A1 (en) * | 1983-11-23 | 1985-06-06 | Pierre Joulia | Device for automatically adjusting the propeller pitch |
| JP2004060646A (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2004-02-26 | Furukawa Co Ltd | Starting wind speed reducing device for wind mill |
| WO2004088131A1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-10-14 | Energie Pge Inc. | Self-regulating wind turbine |
| WO2011106147A2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Mark Folsom | Self regulating wind turbine |
| JP2014202206A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-27 | 幹章 臼間 | Hydraulic power generation device |
| JP2016017463A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-02-01 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | Vertical axis wind turbine |
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2018
- 2018-09-25 CN CN201811170553.6A patent/CN110030153A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2374531A1 (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1978-07-13 | Thierry Calige | Wind driven power generator with aerodynamic blades - has springs countering centrifugal force to give automatic adjustment of pitch |
| US4495423A (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1985-01-22 | Felt Products Mfg. Co. | Wind energy conversion system |
| WO1985002383A1 (en) * | 1983-11-23 | 1985-06-06 | Pierre Joulia | Device for automatically adjusting the propeller pitch |
| JP2004060646A (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2004-02-26 | Furukawa Co Ltd | Starting wind speed reducing device for wind mill |
| WO2004088131A1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-10-14 | Energie Pge Inc. | Self-regulating wind turbine |
| WO2011106147A2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Mark Folsom | Self regulating wind turbine |
| JP2014202206A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-27 | 幹章 臼間 | Hydraulic power generation device |
| JP2016017463A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-02-01 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | Vertical axis wind turbine |
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