CN110030088B - Starting method of MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine - Google Patents
Starting method of MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110030088B CN110030088B CN201910269088.XA CN201910269088A CN110030088B CN 110030088 B CN110030088 B CN 110030088B CN 201910269088 A CN201910269088 A CN 201910269088A CN 110030088 B CN110030088 B CN 110030088B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/10—Closed cycles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
- F02C7/268—Starting drives for the rotor, acting directly on the rotor of the gas turbine to be started
- F02C7/27—Fluid drives
Abstract
The invention discloses a starting method of a MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine, which directly drives a rotor by utilizing the potential energy of a high-pressure working medium in the engine to realize the power balance/rotating speed balance of a turbine and a gas compressor and achieve the self-sustaining working state of the rotor, firstly starts a core machine consisting of the gas compressor and the turbine by self-starting, then the power turbine is further started by the high-temperature high-pressure working medium provided by the core machine to finish the normal work of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine, the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine can obviously simplify the structure of the closed cycle engine after adopting the self-starting scheme, meanwhile, an external power supply or a large-capacity storage battery is not needed, the application environment of the closed cycle engine is further widened, and the thermal cycle efficiency and the economic benefit of the closed cycle engine are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a starting method of a MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine.
Background
At present, the relevant literature for closed cycle engines is mainly focused on laboratory research results. A laboratory principle model machine is characterized in that the power of an engine is small, and a high-speed motor with matched power grade can be selected from mature products in the market. The high-speed motor layout of a laboratory principle prototype mainly comprises two types, one type is that the engine is of a single-rotor structure, the starting and the power generation of the engine both adopt the same high-speed motor, namely, the high-speed motor needs to input electric power to drive the rotor to rotate in the starting process, and the redundant power of the turbine is absorbed to output electric energy after the starting process is finished. The other is that the engine is of a double-rotor structure and needs to be provided with two motors, wherein one motor is mainly used for starting the core engine, and the other motor is only used for absorbing the power of the power turbine to output electric energy.
Generally, the input power required for the engine starting process is less than the output power at the design point state. Therefore, for a single-rotor engine, the power selection of the high-speed electric machine depends on the output power of the engine at the design point state; for a twin-rotor engine, a core machine and a high-speed motor of a power turbine are respectively selected. For example, the power turbine output power of a double-rotor engine at the design point state is 100kW, the power turbine needs to be provided with a high-speed motor of 100kW class, and the core machine only needs to be provided with a high-speed motor of 20kW class.
The laboratory principle prototype has the advantages that the rotor size is small, for example, the outer diameters of rotors of a compressor and a turbine with 100 kW-level power are only about 50mm, the problem of blade tip leakage of the compressor and the turbine is particularly prominent, the pneumatic efficiency of the two parts is low, and the level of the thermal cycle efficiency of an engine is reduced. Therefore, the laboratory principle prototype only has the value of demonstration and verification and does not have the commercial popularization value. In order to improve the commercial popularization value of the closed cycle engine, the size needs to be further enlarged on the basis of a laboratory principle prototype, so that the pneumatic efficiency of the gas compressor and the turbine part is improved. When the size of the engine is enlarged, the power of the engine is correspondingly increased, and whether a high-speed motor matched with the engine can be developed and purchased is a prominent problem.
Supercritical CO at 1MW level2For example, a brayton closed cycle engine needs to be equipped with a 1MW high-speed motor capable of operating at 50000rpm as a power generation device, and if a dual-rotor structure is adopted, another 0.2MW high-speed motor capable of operating at 60000rpm needs to be equipped as a core engine starting device. However, the technical level of the existing high-speed motor cannot meet the starting requirement of the core machine and further cannot meet the requirement of being used as a power generation device. And the starting mode of the ordinary motor and gear transmission case is complex in structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a starting method of a MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing high-speed motor cannot meet the power and rotating speed requirements of the MW power level closed cycle engine or adopts a common motor and gear transmission starting mode and has a complex structure.
According to one aspect of the invention, a starting method of a MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is provided, the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine comprises an air storage tank, a first buffer tank, an air compressor, a second buffer tank, a heater and a turbine, and the air storage tank, the first buffer tank, the air compressor, the second buffer tank, the heater, the turbine and the air storage tank are sequentially connected to form a loop;
the starting method of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine comprises the following steps:
s1, before starting, opening the gas storage tank to inject fluid working media into the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank and the heater, enabling the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank and the heater to become high-pressure regions, reducing the pressure of the gas storage tank, and starting the heater to heat the fluid working media;
s2, at the starting moment, opening a first valve on a flow path between the turbine and the air storage tank to form a first flow path from the turbine to the air storage tank, so that a fluid working medium drives the turbine to do work, and the fluid working medium is recovered;
and S3, at the time point when the starting process is finished, switching the first flow path from the turbine to the air storage tank to the second flow path from the turbine to the compressor.
Further, in step S1, after the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank, and the heater inject the fluid working medium, the pressure of the pipelines of the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank, and the heater rises to 9-15 MPa, and the pressure of the gas storage tank falls to 1-7 MPa.
Furthermore, a flow path between the turbine and the air storage tank is cut off, the first buffer tank, the air compressor, the second buffer tank, the heater, the turbine and the first buffer tank are sequentially connected to form a closed circulation loop, and the turbine is communicated with the atmospheric environment through a valve;
step S2 is replaced with: at the starting moment, a first flow path flowing from the turbine to the atmospheric environment is formed, so that fluid working media drive the turbine to do work, and the fluid working media are discharged to the atmospheric environment;
step S3 is replaced with: at the end of the starting process, the first flow path from the turbine to the atmosphere is switched to a second flow path from the turbine to the compressor.
Further, in step S1, after the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank, and the heater inject the fluid working medium, the pressure of the pipelines of the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank, and the heater rises to 9-15 MPa, and the pressure of the gas storage tank falls to 8-12 MPa.
Furthermore, the heater is also communicated to a power turbine, and the power turbine is further started by utilizing a high-temperature and high-pressure working medium provided by the gas compressor and the turbine after starting.
Further, the storage capacity of the first buffer tank accounts for 20-50% of the total mass of the filled fluid working medium, and the storage capacity of the second buffer tank accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the filled fluid working medium.
Furthermore, the heater has the capacity of heating the fluid working medium to 150-500 ℃ at the starting time.
Further, the starting time of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is controlled within 10 seconds, so that the volume of the gas storage tank is reduced or the consumption of the fluid working medium discharged to the atmospheric environment is reduced.
Further, the fluid working medium is carbon dioxide or helium.
Further, before starting, the pressure in the air storage tank is not lower than 15 MPa.
Further, the power of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is 0.2-5 MW.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is provided with the gas storage tank, the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank, wherein the first buffer tank can ensure that the flow rate of an inlet of a gas compressor is supplemented in the starting process, the second buffer tank can ensure that the rotation direction of a rotor is the same as that of the design, and the two buffer tanks not only play a role in the starting process, but also can be used for regulating equipment for injecting and extracting working media of a closed cycle system after the starting process is finished. The gas storage tank fills fluid working media into the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank and the heater to enable the fluid working media to become a high-pressure area, a first condition high-pressure working media for starting the engine is provided, the heater provides a heat source for heating the high-pressure working media, and a second condition heat source for starting the engine is provided, so that the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine achieves conditions for starting the engine, the gas storage tank also constructs a low-pressure area and forms a turbine-gas storage tank flow path, the fluid working media used for starting the engine are recycled, and consumption of the starting fluid working media is reduced. In addition, the problem to be solved in self-starting of the MW power class supercritical fluid closed-cycle engine is that of a closed loop, that is, a proper time needs to be selected to switch a first flow path from the turbine to the air storage tank to a second flow path from the turbine to the compressor. After the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine adopts a self-starting scheme, the structure of the closed cycle engine can be obviously simplified, an external power supply or a high-capacity storage battery is not needed, the application environment of the closed cycle engine is further widened, and the thermal cycle efficiency and the economic benefit of the closed cycle engine are improved. After the self-starting scheme is adopted, the rotor mass and the rotor length of the core machine are both obviously reduced, and the air bearing is favorably applied to the rotor support of the core machine.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a MW power class supercritical fluid closed cycle engine in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of the MW power class supercritical fluid closed cycle engine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Illustration of the drawings:
1. a gas storage tank; 2. a first buffer tank; 3. a compressor; 4. a second buffer tank; 5. a heater; 6. a turbine; 7. a first valve; 8. a second valve; 9. a third valve; 10. a fourth valve; 11. a fifth valve; 12. a heat sink.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a MW power class supercritical fluid closed cycle engine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in the starting method of the MW-power-level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine of the embodiment, preferably, the power of the supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is 0.2 to 5MW, the MW-power-level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine includes a gas storage tank 1, a first buffer tank 2, a gas compressor 3, a second buffer tank 4, a heater 5 and a turbine 6, and the gas storage tank 1, the first buffer tank 2, the gas compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4, the heater 5, the turbine 6 and the gas storage tank 1 are sequentially connected to form a loop; the compressor 3 and the turbine 6 form an engine core, and the compressor 3 and the turbine 6 are mutually connected through a shaft.
The starting method of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine comprises the following steps:
s1, before starting, opening the gas storage tank 1 to inject fluid working media into the first buffer tank 2, the gas compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4 and the heater 5, so that the first buffer tank 2, the gas compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4 and the heater 5 become high-pressure areas, the gas storage tank 1 becomes a low-pressure area, and the heater 5 is started to heat the fluid working media;
s2, at the starting moment, opening a first valve 7 on a flow path between the turbine 6 and the air storage tank 1 to form a first flow path from the turbine 6 to the air storage tank 1, so that the fluid working medium drives the turbine 6 to do work, and the fluid working medium is recovered to the air storage tank 1;
and S3, when the starting process of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is finished, closing the first valve 7, opening the second valve 8 on the flow path between the turbine and the first buffer tank 3, and switching the first flow path to a second flow path from the turbine 6 to the compressor 3.
The self-starting of the engine means that the engine does not need external power input in the starting process, and the potential energy of high-pressure working media in the engine is utilized to directly drive a rotor of the engine, so that the power balance/rotating speed balance of a turbine and a gas compressor is realized, and the self-sustaining working state of the rotor is achieved. In a closed cycle engine, two conditions, namely a high pressure working medium and a heat source, are required for self-starting. Wherein the high-pressure working medium is released to the external environment, thereby driving the turbine and driving the compressor; the heat source heats the high-pressure working medium to a certain degree, so that the work capacity of the turbine is improved to quickly reach the self-sustaining working state of the rotor.
In this embodiment, the MW power class supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is provided with a gas storage tank, a first buffer tank and a second buffer tank, the first buffer tank can ensure that the inlet of the gas compressor has flow supplement in the starting process, the second buffer tank can ensure that the rotation direction of the rotor is the same as the designed rotation direction, the two buffer tanks not only play a role in the starting process, but also can be used as a regulating device for working medium injection and extraction of a closed cycle system after the starting process is finished, and the process can be regulated and controlled through a valve. The gas storage tank fills fluid working media into the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank and the heat regenerator to enable the fluid working media to become a high-pressure region, a first condition high-pressure working media for self starting of the engine is provided, the heater provides a heat source for heating the high-pressure working media, and a second condition heat source for self starting of the engine is provided, so that the condition is met for self starting of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine, the gas storage tank also constructs a low-pressure region and forms a turbine-gas storage tank flow path, the fluid working media used for starting the engine are recycled, and consumption of the starting fluid working media is reduced. In addition, the problem to be solved in self-starting of the MW-power supercritical fluid closed-cycle engine is that of a closed loop, that is, a proper time needs to be selected to switch a first flow path from the turbine to the air storage tank to a second flow path from the turbine to the compressor, in this embodiment, the time is selected as a time point when the starting process of the MW-power supercritical fluid closed-cycle engine is about to end, and a third valve 9 is arranged on a flow path between the air storage tank 1 and the first buffer tank 2, and is realized by opening and closing the first valve, the second valve and the third valve. The temperature of the fluid working medium flowing out of the turbine 6 is high, and in order to ensure that the temperature of the fluid working medium flowing into the compressor 3 meets the requirement, a radiator 12 is arranged on an outlet flow path of the turbine 6 and used for cooling the fluid working medium and then flowing to the compressor 3. In order to improve the heat utilization efficiency, the fluid working medium coming out of the turbine 6 and the fluid working medium coming out of the second buffer tank 4 can be subjected to heat exchange, so that the power consumption of the heater 5 is reduced.
In the structural layout of the engine started by the high-speed motor, the mass proportion of the rotor of the high-speed motor to the mass of the whole rotor is large, the length proportion of the rotor of the high-speed motor is also large, and after the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine adopts a self-starting scheme, the closed cycle engine structure can be obviously simplified, if a starting transmission structure is cancelled or the high-speed motor used for starting is cancelled, an external power supply or a large-capacity storage battery is not needed at the same time, the application environment of the closed cycle engine is further widened, and the thermal cycle efficiency and the economic benefit of the closed cycle engine are improved. After the self-starting scheme is adopted, the rotor mass and the rotor length of the core machine are both obviously reduced, and the air bearing is favorably applied to the rotor support of the core machine.
In this embodiment, in step S1, after the first buffer tank 2, the compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4, and the heater 5 are filled with the fluid working medium, the pressure of the first buffer tank 2, the compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4, and the heater 5 in the pipeline is increased to 9 to 15MPa, and the pressure of the gas storage tank 1 is decreased to 1 to 7 MPa. After the fluid working medium is filled, the pressure of a filling area reaches 9-15 MPa, the turbine can be effectively driven to do work, the self-starting of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is completed, the pressure of the gas storage tank is reduced to 1-7 MPa, and the fluid working medium used for starting can smoothly flow back to the gas storage tank for recycling.
In this embodiment, the heater 5 is also connected to the power turbine, and the power turbine is further started by using high-temperature and high-pressure working media provided after the gas compressor 3 and the turbine 6 are started. A fourth valve 10 is arranged on a flow path between the heater 5 and the power turbine, when a core machine composed of the air compressor and the turbine is started, the fourth valve 10 is in a closed state, after the core machine is started, the fourth valve 10 is opened, and the power turbine is further started by using a high-temperature and high-pressure working medium.
The starting method of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is only suitable for the overall structural layout of a multi-rotor (double rotors or more than double rotors) engine, and by self-starting, a core machine formed by a gas compressor and a turbine is started firstly, and then a power turbine is further started by a high-temperature high-pressure working medium provided by the core machine, so that the normal work of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is completed.
In this embodiment, the storage capacity of the first buffer tank 2 accounts for 20-50% of the total mass of the filled fluid working medium, and the storage capacity of the second buffer tank 4 accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the filled fluid working medium. The storage capacity of the buffer tank is related to the volume of the buffer tank, the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank are arranged according to the effect of the buffer tank, the first buffer tank can ensure that the inlet of the gas compressor has flow supplement in the starting process, the second buffer tank can ensure that the rotating direction of the rotor is the same as the designed direction, the two buffer tanks not only play a role in the starting process, but also can be used as a regulating device for injecting and extracting working media of a closed circulation system after the starting process is finished, the process can be regulated and controlled through a valve, and the arrangement of the storage capacity can better ensure the normal starting of an engine and the normal work after the starting.
In this embodiment, the heater 5 has the capability of heating the fluid working medium to 150-500 ℃ at the starting time. The heater is used for providing heat source to heat high-pressure working medium, and the heating capacity of the heater is related to whether the fluid working medium can sufficiently start the core machine formed by the air compressor and the turbine, and the higher the temperature of the heater for heating the fluid working medium at the starting moment is, the shorter the starting time of the core machine is, so that the less the fluid working medium is consumed, and the smaller the volume of the engine is.
In this embodiment, the start time of the MW power supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is controlled within 10 seconds to reduce the volume of the gas tank 1. The longer the starting time is, the more the fluid working medium needs to be consumed, so that the larger the volume of the gas storage tank is, the starting time is controlled within 10 seconds, namely the implementation time from the step S2 to the step S3 is controlled within 10 seconds through design, the normal self-starting of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine can be ensured, the volume of the gas storage tank can be reduced, the volume of the engine is reduced, and the equipment investment and the working medium consumption are reduced.
In this embodiment, the fluid working medium is carbon dioxide or helium. Carbon dioxide and helium are common fluid working media of the supercritical fluid closed cycle engine, and the starting method of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is suitable for the closed cycle engine using carbon dioxide as the fluid working media and is also suitable for the closed cycle engine using helium as the fluid working media.
In this embodiment, before starting, the pressure in the air tank 1 is not lower than 15 MPa. After the fluid working medium is filled, the filling area and the gas storage tank can meet the starting requirement, if the pressure of the filling area is increased to 9-15 MPa, and the pressure of the gas storage tank is reduced to 1-7 MPa, and if the pressure of the gas storage tank cannot meet the starting requirement, a booster pump can be arranged on a connecting pipeline of the gas storage tank and used for enabling the pressure in the gas storage tank to meet the starting requirement.
Example 2
Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of the MW power class supercritical fluid closed cycle engine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, in the starting method of the MW-power-level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine of the embodiment, preferably, the power of the supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is 0.2 to 5MW, the MW-power-level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine includes a gas storage tank 1, a first buffer tank 2, a gas compressor 3, a second buffer tank 4, a heater 5 and a turbine 6, the gas storage tank 1 is connected to the first buffer tank 2, the gas compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4, the heater 5, the turbine 6 and the first buffer tank 2 are sequentially connected to form a closed cycle loop, and the turbine 6 is communicated with the atmospheric environment through a fifth valve 11; the compressor 3 and the turbine 6 form an engine core, and the compressor 3 and the turbine 6 are mutually connected through a shaft.
The starting method of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine comprises the following steps:
s1, before starting, opening the gas storage tank 1 to inject fluid working media into the first buffer tank 2, the gas compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4 and the heater 5, so that the first buffer tank 2, the gas compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4 and the heater 5 become high-pressure regions, reducing the pressure of the gas storage tank 1, and opening the heater 5 to heat the fluid working media;
s2, at the starting moment, opening the fifth valve 11 to form a first flow path from the turbine 6 to the atmospheric environment, so that the fluid working medium drives the turbine 6 to do work and is discharged to the atmospheric environment;
and S3, when the starting process of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is finished, closing the fifth valve 11, opening the second valve 8 on the flow path between the turbine 6 and the first buffer tank 2, and switching the first flow path to a second flow path from the turbine 6 to the compressor 3.
In this embodiment, the MW power class supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is provided with a gas storage tank, a first buffer tank and a second buffer tank, the first buffer tank can ensure that the inlet of the gas compressor has flow supplement in the starting process, the second buffer tank can ensure that the rotation direction of the rotor is the same as the designed rotation direction, the two buffer tanks not only play a role in the starting process, but also can be used as a regulating device for working medium injection and extraction of a closed cycle system after the starting process is finished, and the process can be regulated and controlled through a valve. The gas storage tank fills fluid working media into the first buffer tank, the gas compressor, the second buffer tank and the heat regenerator to enable the fluid working media to become a high-pressure area, a first condition high-pressure working medium for self starting of the engine is provided, the heater provides a heat source for heating the high-pressure working medium, and a second condition heat source for self starting of the engine is provided, so that the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine achieves self starting conditions. In addition, the problem to be solved in self-starting of the MW-power-level supercritical fluid closed-cycle engine is that a closed loop is required, that is, a proper time is required to be selected to switch a first flow path from the turbine to the atmosphere to a second flow path from the turbine to the compressor. The temperature of the fluid working medium flowing out of the turbine 6 is high, and in order to ensure that the temperature of the fluid working medium flowing into the compressor 3 meets the requirement, a radiator 12 is arranged on an outlet flow path of the turbine 6 and used for cooling the fluid working medium and then flowing to the compressor 3. In order to improve the heat utilization efficiency, the fluid working medium coming out of the turbine 6 and the fluid working medium coming out of the second buffer tank 4 can be subjected to heat exchange, so that the power consumption of the heater 5 is reduced.
In the engine structural layout started by the high-speed motor, the proportion of the mass of a rotor of the high-speed motor to the mass of the whole rotor is large, the length proportion of the rotor of the high-speed motor is also large, and after the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine adopts a self-starting scheme, the closed cycle engine structure can be obviously simplified, an external power supply or a large-capacity storage battery is not needed, the application environment of the closed cycle engine is further widened, and the thermal cycle efficiency and the economic benefit of the closed cycle engine are improved. After the self-starting scheme is adopted, the rotor mass and the rotor length of the core machine are both obviously reduced, and the air bearing is favorably applied to the rotor support of the core machine.
In this embodiment, in step S1, after the first buffer tank 2, the compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4, and the heater 5 are filled with the fluid working medium, the pressure of the first buffer tank 2, the compressor 3, the second buffer tank 4, and the heater 5 in the pipeline is increased to 9 to 15MPa, and the pressure of the gas storage tank 1 is decreased to 8 to 12 MPa. After the fluid working medium is filled, the pressure of a filling area reaches 9-15 MPa, the turbine can be effectively driven to do work, and the self-starting of the MW-power-level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is completed.
In this embodiment, the heater 5 is also connected to the power turbine, and the power turbine is further started by using high-temperature and high-pressure working media provided after the gas compressor 3 and the turbine 6 are started. A fourth valve 10 is arranged on a flow path between the heater 5 and the power turbine, when a core machine composed of the air compressor and the turbine is started, the fourth valve 10 is in a closed state, after the core machine is started, the fourth valve 10 is opened, and the power turbine is further started by using a high-temperature and high-pressure working medium.
The starting method of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is only suitable for the overall structural layout of a multi-rotor (double rotors or more than double rotors) engine, and by self-starting, a core machine formed by a gas compressor and a turbine is started firstly, and then a power turbine is further started by a high-temperature high-pressure working medium provided by the core machine, so that the normal work of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is completed.
In this embodiment, the storage capacity of the first buffer tank 2 accounts for 20-50% of the total mass of the filled fluid working medium, and the storage capacity of the second buffer tank 4 accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the filled fluid working medium. The storage capacity of the buffer tank is related to the volume of the buffer tank, the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank are arranged according to the effect of the buffer tank, the first buffer tank can ensure that the inlet of the gas compressor has flow supplement in the starting process, the second buffer tank can ensure that the rotating direction of the rotor is the same as the designed direction, the two buffer tanks not only play a role in the starting process, but also can be used as a regulating device for injecting and extracting working media of a closed circulation system after the starting process is finished, the process can be regulated and controlled through a valve, and the arrangement of the storage capacity can better ensure the normal starting of an engine and the normal work after the starting.
In this embodiment, the heater 5 has the capability of heating the fluid working medium to 150-500 ℃ at the starting time. The heater is used for providing heat source to heat high-pressure working medium, and the heating capacity of the heater is related to whether the fluid working medium can sufficiently start the core machine formed by the air compressor and the turbine, and the higher the temperature of the heater for heating the fluid working medium at the starting moment is, the shorter the starting time of the core machine is, so that the less the fluid working medium is consumed, and the smaller the volume of the engine is.
In this embodiment, the start time of the MW power supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is controlled within 10 seconds, so as to reduce the consumption of the fluid working medium discharged to the atmospheric environment. The longer the starting time is, the more fluid working media are required to be consumed, so that the more fluid working media are discharged into the atmospheric environment, the starting time is controlled within 10 seconds, namely the implementation time from the step S2 to the step S3 is controlled within 10 seconds through design, the normal self-starting of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine can be ensured, the consumption of the fluid working media discharged into the atmospheric environment can be reduced, and the equipment investment and the working media consumption are reduced.
In this embodiment, the fluid working medium is carbon dioxide or helium. Carbon dioxide and helium are common fluid working media of the supercritical fluid closed cycle engine, and the starting method of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is suitable for the closed cycle engine using carbon dioxide as the fluid working media and is also suitable for the closed cycle engine using helium as the fluid working media.
In this embodiment, before starting, the pressure in the air tank 1 is not lower than 15 MPa. After the fluid working medium is filled, the filling area and the gas storage tank can meet the starting requirement, if the pressure of the filling area is increased to 9-15 MPa, and the pressure of the gas storage tank is reduced to 8-12 MPa, and if the pressure of the gas storage tank cannot meet the starting requirement, a booster pump can be arranged on a connecting pipeline of the gas storage tank and used for enabling the pressure in the gas storage tank to meet the starting requirement.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A starting method of a MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is characterized in that,
the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine comprises a gas storage tank (1), a first buffer tank (2), a gas compressor (3), a second buffer tank (4), a heater (5) and a turbine (6),
the gas storage tank (1), the first buffer tank (2), the gas compressor (3), the second buffer tank (4), the heater (5), the turbine (6) and the gas storage tank (1) are sequentially connected to form a loop;
the starting method of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine comprises the following steps:
s1, before starting, opening the air storage tank (1) to inject fluid working media into the first buffer tank (2), the air compressor (3), the second buffer tank (4) and the heater (5), enabling the first buffer tank (2), the air compressor (3), the second buffer tank (4) and the heater (5) to become high-pressure regions, reducing the pressure of the air storage tank (1), and starting the heater (5) to heat the fluid working media;
s2, at the starting moment, a first flow path flowing from the turbine (6) to the air storage tank (1) is formed, so that a fluid working medium drives the turbine (6) to do work, and the fluid working medium is recycled to the air storage tank (1);
s3, at the time point when the starting process is finished, switching a first flow path from the turbine (6) to the air storage tank (1) to a second flow path from the turbine (6) to the compressor (3);
the storage capacity of the first buffer tank (2) accounts for 20-50% of the total mass of the filled fluid working medium, and the storage capacity of the second buffer tank (4) accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the filled fluid working medium;
the starting time of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is controlled within 10 seconds, so that the volume of the gas storage tank (1) is reduced or the consumption of fluid working media discharged to the atmospheric environment is reduced.
2. The method of starting a MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine as claimed in claim 1,
in the step S1, after the first buffer tank (2), the gas compressor (3), the second buffer tank (4) and the heater (5) are filled with fluid working media, the pipeline pressure of the first buffer tank (2), the gas compressor (3), the second buffer tank (4) and the heater (5) is increased to 9-15 MPa, and the pressure of the gas storage tank (1) is reduced to 1-7 MPa.
3. The method of starting a MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine as claimed in claim 1,
a flow path between the turbine (6) and the air storage tank (1) is cut off, the first buffer tank (2), the air compressor (3), the second buffer tank (4), the heater (5), the turbine (6) and the first buffer tank (2) are sequentially connected to form a closed circulation loop, and the turbine (6) is communicated with the atmospheric environment through a valve;
step S2 is replaced with: at the starting moment, a first flow path flowing from the turbine (6) to the atmospheric environment is formed, so that fluid working media drive the turbine (6) to do work, and the fluid working media are discharged to the atmospheric environment;
step S3 is replaced with: at the end of the starting process, the first flow path from the turbine (6) to the atmosphere is switched to a second flow path from the turbine (6) to the compressor (3).
4. The method of starting a MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine as claimed in claim 3,
in the step S1, after the first buffer tank (2), the gas compressor (3), the second buffer tank (4) and the heater (5) are filled with fluid working media, the pipeline pressure of the first buffer tank (2), the gas compressor (3), the second buffer tank (4) and the heater (5) is increased to 9-15 MPa, and the pressure of the gas storage tank (1) is reduced to 8-12 MPa.
5. The method for starting a MW power supercritical fluid closed cycle engine according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the engine is started with a power-grade supercritical fluid closed cycle engine,
the heater (5) is also communicated to a power turbine, and the power turbine is further started by high-temperature and high-pressure working media provided after the gas compressor (3) and the turbine (6) are started.
6. The method for starting a MW power supercritical fluid closed cycle engine according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the engine is started with a power-grade supercritical fluid closed cycle engine,
the heater (5) has the capacity of heating the fluid working medium to 150-500 ℃ at the starting time.
7. The method for starting a MW power supercritical fluid closed cycle engine according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the engine is started with a power-grade supercritical fluid closed cycle engine,
the fluid working medium is carbon dioxide or helium.
8. The method for starting a MW power supercritical fluid closed cycle engine according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the engine is started with a power-grade supercritical fluid closed cycle engine,
before starting, the pressure in the air storage tank (1) is not lower than 15 MPa.
9. The method for starting a MW power supercritical fluid closed cycle engine according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the engine is started with a power-grade supercritical fluid closed cycle engine,
the power of the MW power level supercritical fluid closed cycle engine is 0.2-5 MW.
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