CN110029098A - A kind of the compounding catabolic enzyme preparation and application method of wheat vomitoxin - Google Patents

A kind of the compounding catabolic enzyme preparation and application method of wheat vomitoxin Download PDF

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CN110029098A
CN110029098A CN201910307104.XA CN201910307104A CN110029098A CN 110029098 A CN110029098 A CN 110029098A CN 201910307104 A CN201910307104 A CN 201910307104A CN 110029098 A CN110029098 A CN 110029098A
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wheat
enzyme preparation
water
enzyme
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CN110029098B (en
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王林
尹若春
谷中华
罗学才
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Hefei Shixiandu Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Hefei Shixiandu Biotechnology Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/25—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification using enzymes
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation of wheat vomitoxin and application methods, belong to field of food safety, the compounding catabolic enzyme preparation which is related to includes one of glycosyl transferase, transacetylase, alcohol dehydrogenase, glucose oxidase, horseradish peroxidase, laccase, cellulase, pectase, zytase or a variety of.It includes that two ways below is realized that the biodegrading process, which passes through: 1) add enzyme preparation during wheat flour milling, 2) adding enzyme preparation during flour, wheat bran reprocessing.This method is easy to operate in wheat flour milling technical process, and preparation is easy to use, dosage is small, at low cost and safety and environmental protection, significant to the content degradation effect of the vomitoxins such as the major product in wheat flour milling technique, such as flour, wheat bran.

Description

A kind of the compounding catabolic enzyme preparation and application method of wheat vomitoxin
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation of wheat vomitoxin and application methods, belong to food safety neck Domain.
Background technique
China is Wheat Production big country, and annual planting area and yield are about the 25% of grain aggregate.But due to harvesting, storing Or processing improper measures, wheat are easily polluted by mycotoxins such as vomitoxins.Studies have shown that wheat is mainly planted in China in recent years Province, wheat pollutes by vomitoxin to some extent.
Vomitoxin is also known as deoxynivalenol (Deoxynivalenol, DON), belongs to Trichothecenes Compound, it is generated secondary metabolite after the fungal infections cereal such as Fusarium graminearum and fusarium culmorum, is red mould Most important mycotoxin in sick wheat.Vomitoxin is mainly distributed on the cortical sites in wheat seed, and wheat passes through initial stage After processing, toxin is mainly transferred in wheat bran, therefore wheat bran, wheat-middlings become in wheat preliminary working product most easily by vomitoxin The matrix of pollution, although vomitoxin content is low in flour, pollution range is wide, seriously affects the quality of product.Vomitoxin It is three-level carcinogenic substance in European Union's classification standard, though it is strong not as good as the toxicity of T-2 toxin, because its pollution rate and contaminant water are average It occupies first of Trichothecenes toxin, and often acts synergistically on human body with other mycotoxins, generate extensive poisonous effect, such as A variety of toxic effects such as acute toxicity, chronic and subchronic toxicity, cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity.People eats by mistake containing vomitoxin Food after, can often cause the symptoms such as weakness of limbs, giddy, fever, abdominal distension, diarrhea and vomiting；Pig is most sensitive to vomitoxin, Vomitoxin in feed containing 1~2ppm can cause pig to be poisoned；Sensibility of the animal to vomitoxin: pig > mouse > rat > poultry ≈ ruminant.
Currently, the method that vomitoxin is degraded in wheat and product mainly has: the physics method of residues, chemical degradation method and biology Edman degradation Edman.The physics method of residues mainly has heat treatment, grinding decladding, ozone stifling and irradiation method etc.；Chemical degradation method mainly has alkali The method of method, glycosylation method, oxidizing process, the above degradation vomitoxin is big, at high cost to material destruction, at present wheat flour milling enterprise It does not all apply generally.Biological degradation method mainly utilizes microorganism adsorption or degradation toxin, but due to grain to be treated The quantity of food and its by-product is very huge, and the capacity of decomposition of microorganism and its metabolite is weaker, affects actual degradation Effect；Therefore the demand right and wrong of vomitoxin method in the wheat of degrading that grain processing enterprise is efficient, economic, safe for searching It is often urgent.
Biological enzyme has some applications as a kind of efficiently single-minded biocatalyst in terms of degradative fungi toxin, from Result of study is seen, has the advantage that specific enzyme preparation can quickly and effectively be reacted with vomitoxin, is allowed to structure by broken It is bad；In addition, entire treatment process is efficient, safe and environment-friendly and not will form residual.It may be said that enzymic degradation vomitoxin is a kind of Safely and effectively method, but at present about in enzymic degradation mildew wheat vomitoxin research is still seldom more particularly to wheat The degradation technique of vomitoxin in powder process processed.
A kind of patent " vomitoxin degrading enzyme and its gene and the preparation method and application of Publication No. CN108251386A And the method for degradation vomitoxin ", although providing a kind of amino acid sequence of vomitoxin degrading enzyme, lack specific The application case and specific technological parameter of degradation vomitoxin；Publication No. CN108251386A patent " enzyme compound formulation, Feed or additive and the method for removing vomitoxin ", the disclosure method is compounded by two kinds of enzyme preparations, and there is degradation to vomit The effect of toxin is spat, but loses the specific process parameter in wheat flour milling process for vomitoxin degradation in the whole text and vomits Spit toxin degradation rate data.
Summary of the invention
Place, the present invention provide a kind of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation of wheat vomitoxin in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, It is a further object of the present invention to provide application method of said preparation during wheat flour milling and flour, wheat bran reprocessing.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation of wheat vomitoxin, the compounded enzyme preparate component is by enzyme preparation A, enzyme preparation B, enzyme Formulation C composition, the most suitable compound proportion of three is 1:10:1~2:30:5 in mass ratio；
Wherein the enzyme preparation A includes: glucose sweet transferase of the vigor not less than 30u/ml, vigor not less than 30u/ml Acetylgucosamine transferase, vigor be not less than the alcohol dehydrogenase of 200u/ml, the compound proportion of three kinds of enzyme preparations is in mass ratio 1:1:1~3:2:1；
The enzyme preparation B includes: the 10000u/ml that glucose oxidase, vigor of the vigor not less than 200u/ml are not less than The 10000u/ml laccase that horseradish peroxidase, vigor are not less than, the compound proportion of three kinds of enzyme preparations are 1:10:5 in mass ratio ~1:30:10；
The enzyme preparation C includes: cellulase of the vigor not less than 1500u/ml, fruit of the vigor not less than 10000u/ml Glue enzyme, vigor are not less than the zytase of 8000u/ml, and the compound proportion of three kinds of enzyme preparations is 2:1:1~5:3:2 in mass ratio.
Application method of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation during wheat flour milling, its step are as follows:
Prepare water used in the wheat water-absorbing process of certain volume first, and the pH value of water is transferred to 4.0~7.0, water temperature Control adds the compounded enzyme preparate at 10~20 DEG C in water, additive amount controlled based on wheat materials weight 30ppm~ 100ppm；Dampening is carried out after the wheat materials for processing powder processed will be needed to carry out removal of impurities processing, the wheat weight control of dampening per hour System is at 14~20 tons, and wheat water-absorbing amount control per ton is 2.5%~5.5%；After wheat water-absorbing, into wheat wetting process, Wherein tempering time control is in 30h~48h；After wheat wetting, powder processed can be carried out according to normal wheat milling process.
Its moisture content of above-mentioned wheat materials is 12.0~20.0%, and vomitoxin content is 1000~5000ppb, specifically Enzymic degradation technology path see Fig. 1.After the processing of above-mentioned enzyme method technique, poison is vomitted in the processing product in wheat flour milling technique Cellulose content degradation situation is as follows: vomitoxin content reduces by 60%~75% in bran, vomitoxin content drop in fine bran Low 75%~85%, vomitoxin content reduces by 65%~78% in wheat-middlings, and the vomitoxin content in wheat core flour reduces by 50% ~75%, the content of vomitoxin reduces by 50%~75% in the powder of Road, and the content for marking vomitoxin in powder reduces by 55%~ 85%.
Application method of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation during wheat bran is reprocessed, its step are as follows:
Prepare water used in the wheat bran rework process of certain volume first, the pH value of water is transferred to 4.0~7.0, water temperature control At 10~60 DEG C, the additive amount of the compounding catabolic enzyme preparation in water controls based on wheat bran weight in 30ppm~100ppm, wheat bran system Amount of water 30~200%, enzyme digestion reaction time are not less than 60min.
After the processing of above-mentioned enzyme method technique, former wheat bran vomitoxin content is 1000ppb~5000ppb, after reprocessing Wheat bran vomitoxin content degradation low 75%~95%.
Another application method of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation during wheat bran is reprocessed, its step are as follows: by institute It states compounding catabolic enzyme preparation first to mix with wheat bran to be processed, additive amount is controlled based on wheat bran weight in 30ppm~100ppm, by just Normal process carries out wheat bran reprocessing, and wheat bran amount of water is 30~200%, and the pH value of water is transferred to 4.0~7.0, and water temperature is controlled 10 ~60 DEG C, during which guarantee that the enzyme digestion reaction time is not less than 60min.
After the processing of above-mentioned enzyme method technique, former wheat bran vomitoxin content is 1000ppb~5000ppb, after reprocessing Wheat bran vomitoxin content degradation low 55%~85%.
Application method of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation during flour is reprocessed, its step are as follows: by the compounding Catabolic enzyme preparation first with flour mix, it is described compounding catabolic enzyme preparation additive amount controlled based on flour weight 2ppm~ 10ppm carries out flour processing by normal procedure, and water temperature is controlled at 20~40 DEG C, during which guarantees that the enzyme digestion reaction time is not less than 20min。
After the processing of above-mentioned enzyme method technique, former flour vomitoxin content is 1000ppb~3000ppb, after reprocessing Flour vomitoxin content degradation low 60%~90%.
Inventive principle: glycosidase or acetyltransferase are by No. 3 position carbon of glucosyl group or acetyl grouptransfer to DON On atom, the low catabolite DON- glucosiduronic acid of toxicity ratio DON is generated；Peroxidase and oxidizing ferment can destroy DON knot Oxygen bridge key in structure, reduces its toxicity, and does not destroy the original physical chemical characteristics of wheat processing product；Cellulase, pectase, Zytase can digest the ingredient of cellulose, pentosan class, so that albumen one's share of expenses for a joint undertaking and starch molecule separation evacuation, are more advantageous to The dissolution of vomitoxin, to preferably act synergistically under the action of both the above enzyme preparation A and enzyme preparation B, to reach Reduce the purpose of vomitoxin.
The present invention is beneficial to be had the technical effect that
(1) present invention is compared with vomitoxin technology in other physics, chemistry and biodegradable wheat and its product, compounding Enzyme preparation is easier to prepare, and preparation cost is low, and large-scale application is more economical, and added enzyme preparation in entire technical process It is safe and harmless；
(2) technique according to the present invention does not change wheat flour milling, reprocessing technique, only changes the pH value and temperature of water Degree, it is possible to the popularization and application of large area in wheat flour milling, reprocessing enterprise；
(3) present invention is easy to use, controllability is strong；Entire vomitoxin degradation process, can be different for pollution level Wheat is finally reached good toxin degradation effect；The present invention is high for vomitoxin degradation efficiency, produces for different processing Object, vomitoxin degradation rate can be up to 95%.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is Technology Roadmap of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation during wheat flour milling；
Fig. 2 is that vomitoxin efficient liquid phase detects effect picture in the flour of unused processing with enzyme preparation in embodiment 3；
Fig. 3 is to detect effect picture with vomitoxin efficient liquid phase in the flour after processing with enzyme preparation in embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) as shown in Figure 1, preparing compounded enzyme preparate 7.5kg；(wherein enzyme preparation A: enzyme preparation B: enzyme preparation C=1:10: 1, enzyme preparation A include: glucose sweet transferase of the vigor not less than 30u/ml, the vigor acetylglucosamine not less than 30u/ml turn The alcohol dehydrogenase of enzyme, vigor not less than 200u/ml is moved, each group distribution ratio is 1:1:1.Enzyme preparation B includes: that vigor is not less than The 10000u/ that horseradish peroxidase, the vigor for the 10000u/ml that glucose oxidase, the vigor of 200u/ml is not less than are not less than Ml laccase, each group distribution ratio are 1:10:5.Enzyme preparation C includes: that cellulase, vigor of the vigor not less than 1500u/ml are not less than Pectase, the vigor of 10000u/ml are not less than the zytase of 8000u/ml, and each group distribution ratio is 2:1:1, the above component proportion It is mass ratio；Used enzyme preparation derives from Hefei Ting Xiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, and processing is all from wheat materials Anhui Province Mengcheng County Heng Rui flour Co., Ltd).
(2) preparing used in wheat water-absorbing process 5.0 tons of water, the pH of water is transferred to 5.5 with acetic acid, and water temperature is controlled at 16 DEG C, and Above-mentioned compounded enzyme preparate is poured into water used；
It (3) is 12.0~14.0% by 150 tons of mildew wheat water contents, vomitoxin content 3000ppb carries out export, first It is introduced into removal of impurities workshop section；
(4) wheat after removal of impurities is carried out to the dampening process before wheat wetting by conveyer device&apos, used in wheat water-absorbing process Water comes from step (2), wherein dampening amount of wheat control per hour, at 15 tons, wheat water-absorbing amount control per ton is 3.3%；
(5) after the completion of wheat water-absorbing, that is, enter wheat wetting workshop section, tempering time is controlled in 35h；
(6) after wheat wetting, i.e., powder processed is carried out by normal wheat milling process, inspect bran, thin in pulverizing process by random samples The vomitoxin content of the products such as wheat bran, wheat-middlings, wheat core flour, Road powder, mark powder.
Measuring in wheat vomitoxin content is 3000ppb, in not enzyme processing wheat flour milling technique, bran, fine bran Skin, wheat-middlings, wheat core flour, Road powder, mark powder in vomitoxin content be followed successively by 3300ppb, 3800ppb, 4000ppb, 1500ppb,1700ppb,3200ppb；In enzyme processing wheat flour milling technique, bran, fine bran, wheat-middlings, wheat core flour, Road Vomitoxin content is followed successively by 890ppb, 930ppb, 935ppb, 660ppb, 800ppb, 820ppb in powder, mark powder, degradation rate according to Secondary is 73.0%, 75.5%, 76.6%, 56.0%, 52.9%, 74.4%.
Embodiment 2
(1) prepare compounded enzyme preparate 10kg (group in wherein enzyme preparation A: enzyme preparation B: enzyme preparation C=2:10:3, enzyme preparation A Distribution ratio is 2:2:1, and component proportion is 1:15:5 in enzyme preparation B, and it is quality that component proportion is 3:1:1 in enzyme preparation C above Than；Used enzyme preparation derives from Hefei Ting Xiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, and handled wheat materials are all from Anhui Province's illiteracy City county Heng Rui flour Co., Ltd)；
(2) prepare used in wheat water-absorbing process 4.0 tons of water, the pH acetic acid of water is transferred to 5.5, and water temperature is controlled at 15 DEG C, and will It above-mentioned compounded enzyme preparate and pours into water used；
(3) 100 tons of mildew wheats (water content is 12.0~14.0%, vomitoxin content 2300ppb) are subjected to export, Initially enter removal of impurities workshop section；
(4) wheat after removal of impurities is carried out to the dampening process before wheat wetting by conveyer device&apos, before wheat wetting water come from Step (2), wherein dampening amount of wheat control per hour, at 15 tons, wheat water-absorbing amount control per ton is 4.0%；
(5) after the completion of wheat water-absorbing, that is, enter wheat wetting workshop section, tempering time is controlled in 35h；
(6) after wheat wetting, i.e., powder processed is carried out by normal wheat milling process, inspect bran, thin in pulverizing process by random samples The vomitoxin content of the products such as wheat bran, wheat-middlings, wheat core flour, Road powder, mark powder.
Measuring in wheat vomitoxin content is 2300ppb, in not enzyme processing wheat flour milling technique, bran, fine bran Skin, wheat-middlings, wheat core flour, Road powder, mark powder in vomitoxin content be followed successively by 2700ppb, 3000ppb, 3200ppb, 1200ppb,1500ppb,2000ppb；In enzyme processing wheat flour milling technique, bran, fine bran, wheat-middlings, wheat core flour, Road Vomitoxin content is followed successively by 800ppb, 890ppb, 910ppb, 435ppb, 555ppb, 565ppb in powder, mark powder, degradation rate according to Secondary is 70.4%, 70.3%, 71.6%, 63.8%, 63.0%, 71.8%.
Embodiment 3
(1) prepare compounded enzyme preparate 15kg (group in wherein enzyme preparation A: enzyme preparation B: enzyme preparation C=1:10:1, enzyme preparation A Distribution ratio is 3:1:1, and component proportion is 1:10:5 in enzyme preparation B, and it is quality that component proportion is 2:2:1 in enzyme preparation C above Than；Used enzyme preparation derives from Hefei Ting Xiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, and handled wheat bran is all from Anhui Province Mengcheng County Heng Rui flour Co., Ltd)；
(2) 150 tons of exceeded wheat brans of vomitoxin are added in above-mentioned compounded enzyme preparate, mixed；
(3) prepare 150 tons of pH of water and be transferred to 5.5 with acetic acid, water temperature is controlled at 30 DEG C, pours into the above-mentioned compounded enzyme preparate that is mixed with Wheat bran (vomitoxin content 5000ppb) measures vomitoxin content after keeping temperature 2h；Poison is vomitted in not enzyme processing wheat bran Cellulose content is 3900ppb, and vomitoxin content is 900ppb, degradation rate 76.9% in enzyme processing wheat bran.
Embodiment 4
(1) prepare compounded enzyme preparate 1.5kg (in wherein enzyme preparation A: enzyme preparation B: enzyme preparation C=2:20:5, enzyme preparation A Component proportion is 3:2:1, and component proportion is 1:30:10 in enzyme preparation B, and component proportion is 2:3:2 in enzyme preparation C, is above Mass ratio；Used enzyme preparation derives from Hefei Ting Xiandu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, and handled exceeded flour is all from Anhui Province Mengcheng County Heng Rui flour Co., Ltd)；
(2) above-mentioned compounded enzyme preparate is added to 150 tons of exceeded flour of vomitoxin (vomitoxin content 2000ppb), Add 70 tons of water, carry out dough production, dough measures vomitoxin content in 25 DEG C of holding 1h；
(3) vomitoxin content is 1900ppb in not enzyme processing dough, and vomitoxin content is in enzyme processing dough 480ppb, degradation rate 74.7%.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation of wheat vomitoxin, it is characterised in that the compounded enzyme preparate component is by enzyme preparation A, enzyme Preparation B, enzyme preparation C composition, the most suitable compound proportion of three is 1:10:1~2:30:5 in mass ratio；
Wherein the enzyme preparation A includes: glucose sweet transferase of the vigor not less than 30u/ml, second of the vigor not less than 30u/ml Acyl aminoglucose transferase, vigor are not less than the alcohol dehydrogenase of 200u/ml, and the compound proportion of three kinds of enzyme preparations is 1:1 in mass ratio: 1~3:2:1；
The enzyme preparation B includes: the horseradish for the 10000u/ml that glucose oxidase, vigor of the vigor not less than 200u/ml are not less than The 10000u/ml laccase that peroxidase, vigor are not less than, the compound proportion of three kinds of enzyme preparations is 1:10:5~1 in mass ratio: 30:10；
The pectase of cellulase, vigor not less than 10000u/ml that the enzyme preparation C includes: vigor not less than 1500u/ml, Vigor is not less than the zytase of 8000u/ml, and the compound proportion of three kinds of enzyme preparations is 2:1:1~5:3:2 in mass ratio.
2. application method of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation during wheat flour milling described in claim 1, it is characterised in that following step It is rapid:
Prepare water used in the wheat water-absorbing process of certain volume first, and the pH value of water is transferred to 4.0~7.0, water temperature control At 10~20 DEG C, add the compounded enzyme preparate in water, additive amount controlled based on wheat materials weight 30ppm~ 100ppm；Dampening is carried out after the wheat materials for processing powder processed will be needed to carry out removal of impurities processing, the wheat weight control of dampening per hour System is at 14~20 tons, and wheat water-absorbing amount control per ton is 2.5%~5.5%；After wheat water-absorbing, into wheat wetting process, Middle tempering time control is in 30h~48h；After wheat wetting, powder processed can be carried out according to normal wheat milling process.
3. application method of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation during wheat bran is reprocessed described in claim 1, it is characterised in that as follows Step: water used in the wheat bran rework process of preparation certain volume, the amount of water of wheat bran reprocessing are 30~200% first, The pH value of water is transferred to 4.0~7.0, and water temperature is controlled at 10~60 DEG C, and the additive amount of the compounding catabolic enzyme preparation in water presses above-mentioned bran The control of tare weight meter is not less than 60min in 30ppm~100ppm, enzyme digestion reaction time.
4. application method of compounding catabolic enzyme preparation during flour is reprocessed described in claim 1, it is characterised in that as follows Step: the compounding catabolic enzyme preparation is first mixed with flour, and the additive amount of the compounding catabolic enzyme preparation is based on flour weight Control carries out flour processing in 2ppm~10ppm, by normal procedure, during which guarantees that the enzyme digestion reaction time is not less than 20min.
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