CN110025307A - 带有可移除和可放电电池的生命特征监测器 - Google Patents

带有可移除和可放电电池的生命特征监测器 Download PDF

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CN110025307A
CN110025307A CN201811514193.7A CN201811514193A CN110025307A CN 110025307 A CN110025307 A CN 110025307A CN 201811514193 A CN201811514193 A CN 201811514193A CN 110025307 A CN110025307 A CN 110025307A
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撒迪厄斯·J·瓦洛
大卫·M·安托斯
珍妮弗·伯格斯特龙
肯尼思·V·库恩三世
珍妮弗·M·格兰特
斯科特·A·马丁
卡洛斯·A·苏亚雷斯
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Abstract

生命特征监测器包括限定设备隔室的设备壳体、位于设备隔室内的电池和电路组件、形成电池组件和电路组件之间的连接的电连接器以及电池放电电路。连结到设备壳体的保持器将电池组件保持在壳体中。保持器可与壳体分离,使得其分离引起电连接断开并激活放电电路。

Description

带有可移除和可放电电池的生命特征监测器
相关专利申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年12月19日提交的美国临时申请62/607,646,于2018年3月8日提交的美国临时申请62/640,146以及于2018年5月31日提交的美国专利申请15/993,667的优先权,其三者的内容均通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本文描述的主题涉及医学生命特征监测器,并且特别涉及电池供电的一次性监测器,其电池在处理监测器之前是可移除的,并且其中电池的移除激活电池放电电路。
背景技术
用于监测对象诸如医院患者的生命特征的可穿戴监测器可以被设计为由单个患者在有限时间内使用,例如大约五天。可以提供机载电池以向监测器的电气部件供应电能。然而,环境法规可能禁止将电池作为医院废品处理。结果,当到达处理监测器的时间时,必须首先从监测器移除电池。此外,还可能需要对电池进行放电。
这里描述的生命特征监测器包括可移除电池,并且适于在移除时对电池放电。监测器包括通/断开关、电池、电路组件和电池放电电路。监测器适于响应于经由开关在电池和电路组件之间的电连通的中断而不使电池放电,并且响应于通过除了使用开关之外的动作在电池和电路组件之间的电连通的中断而使电池放电。
发明内容
本文描述的生命特征监测器的一个实施方式包括限定设备隔室的设备壳体、位于设备隔室内的电路组件和电池、形成电池组件和电路组件之间的连接的电连接器以及电池放电电路。连结到设备壳体的保持器将电池组件保持在壳体中。保持器可与壳体分离,使得其分离引起电连接断开并激活放电电路。
附图说明
从以下详细描述和随附附图,本文描述的生命特征监测器的各个实施方式的前述和其他特征将变得更加明显,在随附附图中:
图1是生命特征监测器的截面正视图,其包括成对夹板、具有壳体的设备模块、位于设备模块内的电池组件以及电池保持器。
图2是图1的监测器的所选元件的分解透视图。
图3是图1的一部分的放大图,示出了彼此配合的夹板连接器和壳体连接器,并且还示出了夹板和壳体之间的电连接、由夹板连接器和壳体连接器限定的传感器腔以及位于腔中的传感器。
图4是设备壳体的面向患者侧的平面图,示出了覆盖壳体的电池隔室的电池保持器。
图5是沿图4的方向5-5的视图,放大以显示粘合剂,其将保持器固定到设备壳体的基部和电池。
图6是生命特征监测器的截面正视图,示出了保持器从设备模块拉开以便移除电池组件。
图7是生命特征监测器的截面正视图,示出了保持器从设备模块部分地拉开以便移除电池组件。
图8是用于生命特征监测器的电池放电电路的示意图。
与已经描述的特征类似或相同的特征可以通过已经使用的相同参考编号在本文中标识。
具体实施方式
于2017年11月20日提交的题为“Modular Vital Signs Monitor”的美国临时申请62/588,598和于2017年11月30日提交的标题为“Modular Vital Signs Monitor”的美国临时申请62/592,602的内容通过引用明确地并入本文。本文描述的可移除和可放电的电池实施方式可以与各种生命特征监测器架构结合使用,包括在'598和'602申请中描述的那些。
图1-图2示出了生命特征监测器20,其可由对象诸如医院患者来穿戴。图1和图2还包括相互正交的纵向、侧向和横向参考轴线。如轴线上的标记所示,纵向方向上的方向区别由“向头”和“向脚”指示,侧向方向上的方向区别由“左”和“右”指示,以及横向方向上的方向区别由“向上”和“向下”或“上面”和“下面”指示。图2还示出了监测器的夹板部件和壳体的纵向延伸的中心线30、32以及夹板部件和壳体侧向延伸的中心线34、36。
另外参考图3,监测器包括成对夹板40。每个夹板具有下侧或面向患者侧46和上侧或面向环境侧48。每个夹板包括用于将夹板粘附到患者的皮肤的粘合剂层52和非纺织带层54。可剥去的保护衬垫58(仅在图2中示出)覆盖粘合剂层的下侧。在将夹板粘附到患者之前,护理人员将衬垫剥离。每个夹板还包括夹板连接器56。所示的夹板连接器是具有跑道形平面图的不导电环。环的壁60包括周边倒钩62和围绕成对夹板的夹板传导构件66,每个夹板传导构件沿壁60在横向方向上延伸。每个夹板传导构件具有上端68和下端70。
一个或两个夹板包括至少一个电极80,其暴露在夹板的面向患者侧上。当夹板通过粘合剂层52粘附到患者的皮肤时,暴露的电极接触患者的皮肤。夹板电迹线82沿着夹板的面向环境侧从每个电极侧向延伸并且接触夹板传导构件66的下端70。
在所示实施方式中,电极是水凝胶心电图(ECG)电极,其中的两个是向头的夹板的部件,并且其中的两个是向脚的夹板的部件。只有两个电极是可见的,因为夹板在图1的平面之外,并且在图2中仅示出了向头的夹板。
夹板是“对象可穿戴的”,因为它们可以通过粘合剂层52施加到对象的皮肤,在正常使用条件下将在特定的时间间隔(例如五天)内抵抗无意的变位,但是可以在任何需要时从对象容易地移除。短语“正常使用条件”是指当粘附到患者时夹板可能遇到的条件,并且包括患者活动,诸如洗澡、淋浴和暴露于放射程序。
监测器还包括设备模块100,该设备模块具有下侧或面向患者侧102和上侧或面向环境侧104。模块100包括壳体110,该壳体包括基部112和在缝116处彼此粘附地保持的圆顶或盖114。基部和盖限定了设备隔室120。壳体由材料诸如泡沫制成,该材料可以通过施加的力或力矩容易地折弯,但是其另外能够保持其自身的形状。
电路组件140位于设备隔室内。在所示实施方式中,电路组件是印刷电路组件(PCA)。电路组件包括第一(向头)刚性区段144、第二(向脚)刚性区段146和第三(中间)刚性区段148。导电的区段间连接器154将中间区段连接到向头的区段和向脚的区段。所示的区段间连接器是易弯曲的(柔性的)或者能够以其他方式允许区段相对于彼此以及相对于壳体的一些空间位移。区段间连接器154的这种能力和壳体110的柔韧性使得监测器能够甚至被附接到患者的身体的弯曲部分并且即使患者移动或弯曲监测器附近的肌肉也能保持附接。
PCA(也称为PCBA)是由电气部件(这里也称为电子部件)填充(填入)的印刷电路板(PCB)。电子部件通过PCB上的PCA迹线(未示出)互相连接。电子部件至少包括处理器166,用于处理源自电极80和传感器160的数据信号,这在下文将更详细地描述。PCA还可以包括一个或多个放大器168和一个或多个滤波器170,以放大和去噪该传感器和电极信号。收发器172提供与远程装置的通信,诸如信息显示和使用者控制。在图示中,电子部件显示在PCB的中间区段上的任意位置处。
壳体基部112包括壳体连接器180。壳体连接器是具有壁182的环,该壁具有周边凹口184。壁182围绕成对壳体导电构件190,每个壳体导电构件具有上端192和下端194。每个壳体传导构件的上端192接触PCA迹线。如已经描述的,未示出PCA迹线。
夹板连接器56和壳体连接器180彼此配合或以其他方式彼此接合,以在夹板和设备壳体之间形成机械连接。在图示的监测器中,夹板连接器56的倒钩62与壳体连接器180的凹口184配合。当这样连接时,连接器环56、180限定传感器腔158。在所示实施方式中,传感器160位于传感器腔中。示例传感器包括血管容积图(PPG)传感器、心音图(PCG)传感器和氧饱和度(SpO2)传感器。或者,传感器腔可以未被占用。传感器导体构件162提供传感器和PCA迹线之间的电连接。
通/断开关174位于设备隔室120内。该开关控制电池组件210和电路组件140之间的电连通,该电池组件在下文更详细地描述。在所示实施方式中,开关是位于隔室向头的端处的按钮,使得使用者可以通过在柔性盖112的上覆盖部分上向下按压来操作该开关而不会损坏盖。
当监测器由其制造商发货并由护理人员接收时,设备壳体110已经与夹板配合,如图1所示。护理人员将衬垫58从每个夹板的粘合剂52剥离并将夹板施加到患者。护理人员按压开关174以给电子部件供电并开始监测患者的生命特征。
夹板可抵抗水和医疗辐射的损害。设备壳体及其电子元件不是。因此,在患者洗澡或淋浴或经受放射程序之前,护理人员首先将壳体从夹板拆卸,留夹板在患者的皮肤上就位。之后,当希望将壳体重新附接到夹板时,护理人员将壳体与夹板对准,使得每个壳体连接器180与夹板连接器56对准。护理人员然后将连接器元件56、180彼此压靠,使得连接器的壁60、182偏斜,使得倒钩62重新接合凹口184,以在夹板和设备壳体之间形成机械连接。壳体可以重复地与夹板断开并重新连接到夹板。因此,壳体110可移除地附接到夹板40(以及可从该夹板拆卸)。“可移除地附接”意味着可以在不使用工具或装备并且仅施加适度的力的情况下将壳体从夹板拆卸或断开(以及附接或连接到夹板)。“可移除地附接”另外意味着壳体可以重复地附接到夹板或从夹板拆卸。
除了上述机械连接之外,当夹板连接器56和壳体连接器180处于彼此配合关系时,每个夹板传导构件66的上端68与其配对壳体传导构件190的下端194配合或以其他方式接合。另外,传感器传导构件162将传感器160连接到电路组件140。因此,所示的连接器56、180是组合机械/电连接器,其提供了在夹板和壳体之间的机械连接以及夹板的电气部件和壳体的电气部件之间的电连接两者。由电极80检测到的信号通过由夹板迹线82、夹板传导构件66、壳体传导构件190和未示出的PCA迹线限定的路径到达PCA上的它们的目标部件。由传感器160检测到的信号通过由传感器导体构件162和未示出的PCA迹线限定的路径到达PCA上的它们的目标部件。
在其他实施方式中,可以不存在上述机械连接和电连接的共性。然而,夹板机械连接器和壳体机械连接器将可彼此接合,以在夹板和设备壳体之间限定机械连接,并且将也可彼此脱离。类似地,夹板传导构件和壳体传导构件将可彼此接合,以在夹板和设备壳体之间限定电连接,并且还将可彼此断开以断开该电连接。
监测器还包括电池组件210,该电池组件包括电池212和贴片电路组件214,该贴片电路组件在其上表面上具有镀金垫216。这些垫中的三个对应于电池212的端子(两个正极和一个负极,或反之亦然)。这些垫中的一个连接到电池放电电路220,该电池放电电路在垫216中的一个的情况下在图8中示意性地示出。导电接触弹簧224从每个垫216延伸到电路组件140的中间区段148,在电池组件和电路组件之间形成连接,以便将电能从电池转移到电路组件的部件。
电池组件210容纳在设备隔室120的电池子隔室226内。图示的电池隔室部分地由电池壳体228限定。电路组件的中间区段148安置在电池壳体的顶上,并且因此从向头的区段144和向脚的区段146横向偏移。中间区段148从壳体的底部平面232的横向偏移超过向头的区段144和向脚的区段146从底部平面的横向偏移。电池隔室从中间电路组件区段148横向延伸到电池保持器230。因此,电池组件横向地位于区段148和底部平面232之间,并且不会横向向外突出超过底部平面。因此,监测器可以更容易地符合患者的身体的形状。
另外参考图4-图5,电池保持器230是薄片材料,其沿着设备壳体的底部平面232连结到设备壳体的面向患者侧(例如通过粘合剂234),以将电池组件保持在壳体内。在图5中,为了说明清楚,夸大了保持器和粘合剂的厚度。在图5的实施方式中,粘合剂还将保持器粘附到电池。将保持器保持到电池的粘合剂不必与将保持器保持到壳体基部112的粘合剂相同。而且,可以省略保持器和电池之间的粘合剂。如图4中最佳所示,保持器的侧向和纵向尺寸大于电池隔室226的那些。保持器包括标签238并且可以具有印刷在其上的用法说明240。
参考图6,保持器230可与壳体分离。在实践中,护理人员首先将壳体从夹板断开,然后沿图1、图5和图6的箭头244所示的方向拉动保持器标签238,从而将保持器从设备壳体的基部112剥离并将保持器与壳体分离。保持器的分离断开了电池组件210和电路组件140之间的连接,并且激活放电电路220,该放电电路从电池中排出任何剩余电荷。如壳体基部的撕裂区域250和粘贴到保持器的壳体材料的相应残余物252所示,保持器的分离也损坏壳体。撕裂区域250提供即使可用也不应将更换电池安装在壳体中的视觉指示。然而,如果护理人员获得更换电池并试图安装它,则保持器不太可能正确地粘附到损坏的壳体基座,进一步警告护理人员不应更换电池。
如果电池组件粘附到保持器上,则保持器与设备壳体的分离将电池组件从设备隔室取出。在电池组件和保持器之间没有粘合剂234的配置中,并且假设壳体的面向患者侧102面向下,则保持器的分离也可以导致电池从壳体中取出,从某种意义上说重力将导致电池从隔室掉出。如果护理人员保持壳体使得其面向患者的侧面向上,则保持器的分离将使未粘附的电池可移除,因为护理人员仅需要将电池从其隔室中提出以便从监测器移除电池。
如这里所使用的,保持器的分离指的是保持器从设备壳体的完全分离,如图6所示,并且也指部分分离。图7示出了保持器仅已经部分地与设备壳体分离的实例。电池组件的向脚的端仍然突出到电池子隔室226中,并且因此电池组件可能被视为没有完全从设备隔室120取出。然而,电池组件210和电路组件140之间的电连接已被中断,壳体已经损坏(如撕裂区域250和残余物252所指示)并且放电电路214已被激活以从电池排出任何剩余电荷,就如图6中那样。保持器的部分分离已经有效地从设备隔室120中取出电池或者已经使电池从监测器可移除。通过选择粘合剂234可以促进电池可移除性,该粘合剂结合到电池组件是足够弱的,使得使用者可以容易地将电池组件从保持器分离。如果在电池组件和保持器之间不存在粘合剂,则电池将在重力的影响下脱落或者可以由护理人员提出,如上面结合图6所述。
有时,通/断开关174可以用于中断电池组件210和电路组件140之间的电连通。例如,当设备壳体从夹板断开时,开关可以用于使电路组件掉电,以便适应患者洗澡或淋浴或准备进行放射程序。放电电路适于响应于通/断开关的使用而不使电池放电。
尽管本公开涉及特定实施方式,但是本领域技术人员将理解,在不脱离所附权利要求中阐述的主题的情况下,可以在形式和细节上进行各种改变。

Claims (14)

1.一种生命特征监测器,包括:
设备壳体,限定设备隔室;
电路组件,位于所述设备隔室内;
电池组件,位于所述设备隔室内;
电连接,在所述电池组件和所述电路组件之间;
放电电路;以及
保持器,连结到所述设备壳体,从而将所述电池组件保持在壳体中,所述保持器从所述壳体可分离,使得所述保持器的分离导致所述电连接断开并激活所述放电电路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的监测器,其中,所述保持器的分离还将所述电池从所述监测器移除或使其可移除。
3.根据权利要求1所述的监测器,其中,所述保持器连结到所述电池组件,并且其中所述保持器从所述壳体的分离使所述电池组件从所述设备隔室取出。
4.根据权利要求1所述的监测器,其中,所述设备壳体包括具有底部平面的基部,并且其中所述电池组件不向外突出越过所述底部平面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的监测器,其中,所述设备壳体包括具有底部平面的基部,并且所述保持器在所述底部平面处连结到所述设备壳体。
6.根据权利要求1所述的监测器,其中,所述电路组件的至少一部分从所述设备壳体的底部平面横向偏移,并且其中所述电池组件横向地位于电路组件部分和所述底部平面之间。
7.根据权利要求1所述的监测器,其中,所述电路组件是分区段组件,其的一个区段从所述设备壳体的底部平面横向偏移多于一个或多个其他区段,并且其中所述电池组件横向地位于更偏移的区段和所述底部平面之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的监测器,包括一个或多个夹板。
9.根据权利要求8所述的监测器,其中,所述夹板中的至少一个包括夹板连接器,所述设备壳体包括壳体连接器,所述夹板连接器和所述壳体连接器彼此可接合,以在所述夹板和所述设备壳体之间限定机械连接,并且也能彼此断开。
10.根据权利要求8所述的监测器,其中,所述夹板中的至少一个包括电极和夹板传导构件,所述设备壳体包括壳体传导构件,所述夹板传导构件和所述壳体传导构件彼此可接合,以限定所述夹板和所述设备壳体之间的电连接,并且也能彼此断开,以断开所述夹板和所述设备壳体之间的所述电连接。
11.根据权利要求8所述的监测器,其中,所述夹板中的至少一个包括电极和夹板组合连接器,所述设备壳体包括壳体组合连接器,所述夹板连接器和所述壳体组合连接器彼此可连接,以限定所述夹板和所述设备壳体之间的经组合的机械和电连接,并且也能彼此断开,以断开所述夹板和所述设备壳体之间的所述经组合的机械和电连接。
12.根据权利要求1所述的监测器,其中,所述保持器的分离也损坏所述壳体。
13.根据权利要求1所述的生命特征监测器,其中:
设备壳体,限定设备隔室;
所述电路组件包括至少一个电气部件;以及
所述监测器包括:
A)开关,用于控制所述电池组件和所述电路组件之间的电连通;和
B)放电电路,适于响应于经由所述开关在所述电池组件和所述电路组件之间的所述电连通的中断而不使所述电池放电,以及响应于通过除了使用所述开关之外的动作在所述电路组件和所述电池组件之间的所述电连通的中断而使所述电池放电。
14.根据权利要求13所述的监测器,包括:
保持器,所述保持器将所述电池组件保持在所述壳体中,并且其中除了使用所述开关之外的动作是所述保持器与所述设备壳体的分离。
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