CN110018193A

CN110018193A - A kind of measuring device and measuring method of interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity

Info

Publication number: CN110018193A
Application number: CN201910221538.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何博; 田运灿; 姚定烨; 潘宇飞
Original assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Current assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Priority date: 2019-03-22
Filing date: 2019-03-22
Publication date: 2019-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-22
Also published as: CN110018193B

Abstract

A kind of measuring device and measuring method of interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity, fixed heating component outside cabinet one end, the heating chamber of heating component is connected with cabinets cavity, the inside of the cabinet other end is equipped with cooling water tank, sample component is equipped in cabinet between heating component and cooling water tank, the thermal insulating warm-keeping layer between sample component and wall box by annular is heat-insulated；Air inlet-outlet pipe one end is protruded into the heating chamber of heating component, and the other end stretches out outside cabinet, and is connected respectively with external environment and pressure gas source by triple valve；Baroceptor in the heating chamber of heating component, the pressure sensor in the pressure-driven of cooling water tank are connect with pressure signal acquisition module signal respectively；Temperature acquisition element on sample component is connect with temperature signal collection module by signal；Pressure signal acquisition module, temperature signal collection module are electrically connected with control module respectively.The present apparatus is for the measurement to thermal conductivity and solid-solid interface, the solid liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer.

Description

A kind of measuring device and measuring method of interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity

Technical field

The present invention relates to during the hot physical property field of material more particularly to a kind of permanent mold casting it is a kind of measure simultaneously it is solid- Gu, the measuring device and measuring method of the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer and material thermal conductivity.

Background technique

With the rapid development of automobile industry, high requirement is proposed to its lightweight, high-performance aluminium alloy is in automobile Application in components is further extensive.Wherein, aluminum alloy metal type casting is one of main moulding process of complex component, is had Feature of large quantities, technology stability is good.In its technological design, computer simulation technique can substantially shorten the R&D cycle, It improves qualification rate and is used widely.

In permanent mold casting simulation calculation, the thermal conductivity of the coefficient of heat transfer and material between casting material and mold die is Extremely important thermal physical property parameter.The coefficient of heat transfer belongs to interfacial property, and interfacial pressure, surface covering thickness, surface roughness, There is influence relationship in the factors such as system temperature；Thermal conductivity belongs to material internal property, is affected by system temperature；It examines simultaneously Consider during actual casting, there is also a melt stages other than existing in solid form for casting material, therefore are surveying When calculating the coefficient of heat transfer and thermal conductivity, need to carry out the content of following three aspects comprehensively:

1, the measurement of the solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer between casting material and mold die metal；

2, the measurement of the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer between casting metal and mold die metal is melted；

3, the measurement of casting material and mold material itself thermal conductivity.

But existing measuring device and technology are only capable of measuring different boundary materials, power load, heat source temperature, rough surface The lower solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer is spent, the coefficient of heat transfer and material itself heat between melting casting metal and Mold Metal are had ignored The measurement of conductance.Therefore, the interface heat exchange coefficient of solid-state casting metal and casting mold metal, melting casting can be measured simultaneously by inventing one kind Part metal and the device of the interface heat exchange coefficient of casting mold metal and the thermal conductivity of material are very necessary, also, device itself needs It wants that interface can be changed by means such as the coatings of change material surface roughness, pressure force, increase different-thickness and material Property, to study complicated interfacial heat exchange.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the deficiencies for being directed to existing measurement method and measuring device, provide one kind The measuring device and measuring method of interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity, for measuring different interfacial pressures, heating temperature, boundary Interface heat exchange coefficient under face surface roughness and surface covering thickness between solid-state casting material and Mold Metal material, it is different The interfacial heat exchange system between casting material and Mold Metal material is melted under gas pressure, heating temperature and surface covering thickness Metal material thermal conductivity at a temperature of several and different heating.The present invention may be implemented material in casting process, dwell pressure, Temperature, die lubricant type and thickness are to solid-state casting metal material and melting casting material with the mold faying face coefficient of heat transfer Factor effect analysis, while realizing material temperature to the analysis of Influential Factors of material thermal conductivity.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A kind of measuring device of interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity, it is characterised in that:

Fixed heating component, the heating chamber of heating component are connected with cabinets cavity outside cabinet one end, heating component Be equipped with dismountable insulation high temperature resistant support base in heating chamber, the inside of the cabinet other end is equipped with cooling water tank, heating component and Sample component is equipped in cabinet between cooling water tank, between sample component and wall box by the thermal insulating warm-keeping layer of annular every Heat, cooling water tank are close to sample component one end with cooling samples component, and can be driven by pressure towards heating component pair The pressurization of sample component, or support heating component, the sample component other end protrude into the heating chamber of heating component, are insulated high temperature resistant branch It supports seat and supports the sample component other end when cooling water tank pressurizes to sample component；

Air inlet-outlet pipe one end is protruded into the heating chamber of heating component, and the other end stretches out outside cabinet, and is distinguished by triple valve It is connected with external environment and pressure gas source；Air inlet-outlet pipe being capable of charged pressure gas or release into the heating chamber of heating component Pressed gas in heating component heating chamber is with to the pressurization of sample component or release；

Baroceptor is equipped in the heating chamber of heating component, the pressure-driven of cooling water tank is equipped with pressure sensor, Baroceptor and pressure sensor are connect with pressure signal acquisition module signal respectively；

Sample component is the first composite sample, any one in the second composite sample or third composite sample, wherein First composite sample includes the first casting mold sample and the first casting sample, and the second composite sample includes the second casting mold sample and holds Melting casting metal in insulation high-temperature resistant container, third composite sample includes standard sample and third casting mold sample or third One of casting sample；Two samples in any combination sample fit closely up and down to be stacked；

First casting mold sample, the first casting sample, the second casting mold sample, standard sample, sample to be measured and the examination of third casting 1 temperature acquisition points are set at axial, the evenly spaced heart in the sample along sample respectively on sample, melt casting metal Temperature acquisition point is respectively set at bottom center and height center, temperature acquisition member is respectively equipped on each temperature acquisition point Part；All temperature acquisition elements are connect with temperature signal collection module by signal；

On one end end face of first casting mold sample and second casting mold sample the first casting sample of direction and melting casting metal It is covered each by casting mold coating；

Pressure signal acquisition module, temperature signal collection module are electrically connected with control module respectively.

Further, the pressure-driven of the cooling water tank is hydraulic package.

Further, the insulation high-temperature resistant container is crucible, and the thermal insulating warm-keeping layer is insulation asbestos layer, the insulation High temperature resistant support base is more alumina silicate support rods.

Further, the cooling water tank is connect with the water pump outside cabinet by water inlet pipe, is passed through outside outlet pipe and cabinet Return water tank connection；Water inlet pipe and outlet pipe are passed through from the strip aperture activity on cabinet respectively, aperture length direction edge The compression aspect of cooling water tank；Return water tank is configured higher than cooling water tank, and return water tank top is equipped with drainage hole.Cooling water tank Setting is and to keep its one-dimension in order to which heat preferably transmits in composite sample, it is ensured that experimental data it is accurate；Water pump, Water inlet pipe, cooling water tank, outlet pipe and return water tank are sequentially connected composition cold water channel, and flowing has cold water in cold water channel, return Receiving the relatively cool water tank of water tank has certain height, to guarantee to guarantee that cooling water tank upper surface is good without inflation phenomenon in water tank Cooling effect.Before experiment, first cooling device need to be made to start to work.In addition, in order to obtain good cooling effect, cooling water The side and sample corresponding side of case and sample contacts should carry out sanding and polishing processing, to guarantee that the two can be in close contact, guarantee Good water-cooled effect can be obtained.

Further, the first casting mold sample and the first casting sample are the identical cylindrical sample of diameter；Second casting Type sample is the identical cylindrical sample of diameter with melting casting metal；Standard sample and third casting mold sample, the examination of third casting Sample is the identical cylindrical sample of diameter.

Further, the insulation high-temperature resistant container upper and lower ends are open end, and lower end is connected through a screw thread and ceramics Slurry roasting is fixed on outside the second casting mold sample.

Further, the temperature acquisition element is the occasionally other similar temperature elements of thermoelectricity.

A kind of measuring device using above-mentioned interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity carries out material thermal conductivity measurement Method, comprising the following steps:

The first step, keeps heating component to be located at cabinet lower end, cooling water tank is located at the orientation of cabinet upper end and fixes cabinet, It keeps air inlet-outlet pipe to be connected with external environment and closes baroceptor, third composite sample is placed in insulation high temperature resistant support On seat；Cooling water tank is close at the top of third composite sample and keeps pressurization value be setting value；

Second step, heating component begins to warm up third composite sample lower end with setpoint power output, and combines and try through third Sample upper end delivers heat to cooling water tank, is believed after the temperature signal of temperature acquisition point each on third composite sample is stablized by temperature Number acquisition module acquires the temperature of each temperature acquisition point；According to third casting mold sample or each temperature acquisition point of third casting sample Temperature, obtain respective axial-temperature gradient value, its axial temperature obtained according to the temperature of each temperature acquisition point of standard sample Gradient value；The thermal conductivity of combined standard sample calculates the thermal conductivity of third casting mold sample or third casting sample to be measured, thermal conductivity Rate formula are as follows:

In formula, λ is the thermal conductivity of standard sample, k₁For the axial-temperature gradient value of standard sample, k is third to be measured casting The temperature gradient value of type sample or third casting sample；

Third step changes the output power of heating component to change heating temperature, repeats above-mentioned second step, until measuring not With the thermal conductivity of third casting mold sample and third casting sample under heating temperature.

A kind of measuring device progress solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer using above-mentioned interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity The method of measurement, comprising the following steps:

The first step, keeps heating component to be located at cabinet lower end, cooling water tank is located at the orientation of cabinet upper end and fixes cabinet, Keep air inlet-outlet pipe to be connected with external environment and close baroceptor, by the vertical loading cabinet of the first composite sample, pacify It is placed on insulation high temperature resistant support base；Cooling water tank is close at the top of the first composite sample and keeps pressurization value be setting value；

Second step, heating component begins to warm up the first composite sample lower end with setpoint power output, and tries through the first combination Sample upper end delivers heat to cooling water tank, is believed after the temperature signal of temperature acquisition point each on the first composite sample is stablized by temperature Number acquisition module acquires the temperature of each temperature acquisition point, to obtain at the first casting mold sample and the first casting sample center Axial-temperature gradient；

Third step, according to the axial temperature analytical calculation interface heat exchange coefficient of the first casting mold sample and the first casting sample:

I, the hot-fluid for passing through the first casting mold sample cross, heat transfer formula are calculated are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the first casting mold sample；λ₁For the thermal conductivity of the first casting mold sample；ΔL₁For the first casting The type sample two adjacent temperature acquisition element the distance between nearest away from the first casting sample；ΔT₁For the first casting mold sample away from Temperature difference between two nearest adjacent temperature acquisition elements of first casting sample；

II, the hot-fluid for passing through the first casting sample cross section, heat transfer formula are calculated are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the first casting sample；λ₂For the thermal conductivity of the first casting sample；ΔL₂For the first casting The part sample two adjacent temperature acquisition element the distance between nearest away from the first casting mold sample；ΔT₂For the first casting sample away from Temperature difference between two nearest adjacent temperature acquisition elements of first casting mold sample；

III, the mean heat flux by interface, mean heat flux formula are calculated are as follows:

IV, according to the axial-temperature gradient of the first casting mold sample, the first casting mold sample and the first casting are obtained in conjunction with extrapolation The interface temperature of first casting mold sample side at part sample contacts face；According to the axial-temperature gradient of the first casting sample 302, knot Close the interface that extrapolation obtains 302 side of the first casting sample at the first casting sample 302 and 301 contact surface of the first casting mold sample Temperature；The solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer, Formulas of Heat Transfer Coefficient are derived using the temperature difference between two interface temperatures are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor interfacial contact area；ΔT_CFor the temperature difference between two interface temperatures；Q is being averaged by interface Hot-fluid.

Change the pressurization value of cooling water tank to change interfacial pressure, and/or changes the casting mold painting thickness of the first casting mold sample Degree, and/or change the surface roughness at the first casting mold sample and the first casting sample contact surface, and/or change heating component Output power to change heating temperature, repeat the above steps, until measure different interfacial pressures, coating layer thickness, rough surface The solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer under degree, heating temperature.

A kind of measuring device progress solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer using above-mentioned interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity The method of measurement, comprising the following steps:

The first step, keeps heating component to be located at cabinet upper end, cooling water tank is located at the orientation of cabinet lower end and fixes cabinet, By in the vertical loading cabinet of the second composite sample, be placed at the top of cooling water tank, and make to melt casting metal and be located at the second casting mold Above sample, the pressure-driven of pressure sensor and cooling water tank is closed；

Second step, by air inlet-outlet pipe into the heating chamber of heating component charge/discharge gas with change be applied to melting casting gold Belonging to the atmospheric pressure value at top, pressure signal acquisition module acquires air pressure by baroceptor, in following third step heating processes, When in the heating chamber of heating component air pressure vary with temperature change when, real-time regulating three-way valve so that when the temperature stabilizes, Air pressure keeps preset atmospheric pressure value in heating chamber；

Third step, water flowing in cooling water tank, heating component begins to warm up melting casting metal with setpoint power output, and passes through Second casting mold sample delivers heat to cooling water tank, passes through after the temperature signal of temperature acquisition point each on the second composite sample is stablized Temperature signal collection module acquires the temperature of each temperature acquisition point；According to the temperature of the axial each temperature acquisition point of the second casting mold sample Degree, obtains its Axial Temperature Distribution and gradient, obtains it according to the temperature of temperature acquisition point at melting casting metal bottom center The interface temperature of casting metal side is melted at bottom centre's temperature, i.e. the second casting mold sample and melting casting metal contact surface； According to the temperature real time monitoring melting casting metal temperature of temperature acquisition point at melting casting metal height center；

Third step is calculated according to bottom centre's temperature analysis of the axial temperature of the second casting mold sample and melting casting metal Interface heat exchange coefficient:

I, the hot-fluid by solid-liquid interface, heat transfer formula are calculated are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the second casting mold sample；λ is the thermal conductivity of the second casting mold sample；Δ L is the second casting mold Nearest the distance between the two adjacent temperature acquisition elements of sample distance melting casting metal；Δ T be the second casting mold sample away from Temperature difference between two adjacent temperature acquisition elements nearest from melting casting metal；

II, it is distributed, obtains the second casting mold sample in conjunction with extrapolation and melted according to the axial-temperature gradient of the second casting mold sample The interface temperature for melting the second casting mold sample side at casting metal contact surface is cast using the temperature and the second casting mold sample and melting The temperature difference melted between the interface temperature of casting metal side at part metal contact surface derives the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer, Formulas of Heat Transfer Coefficient are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor interfacial contact area；ΔT_CFor the temperature difference between sample at contact interface；Q is the heat by interface Stream；

Change charge/discharge gas air pressure of the exhaust pipe into the heating chamber of heating component to change interfacial pressure, and/or changes the The casting mold coating layer thickness of two casting mold samples, and/or change the output power of heating component to change heating temperature, repeat above-mentioned step Suddenly, until measuring the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer under different interfacial pressures, coating layer thickness, heating temperature.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1, composite member is placed between heating chamber and cooling water tank, it can be by the solid-state casting material and mould of unlike material Tool metal material combination, which is sequentially placed into respectively between heating chamber and cooling water tank, carries out temperature detection, tests different boundaries for measuring Boundary coefficient under surface pressure, heating temperature, interface surface roughness and surface covering thickness between solid-solid material；It will be different The solid-state casting material of material, which combines to be sequentially placed into respectively between heating chamber and cooling water tank with molten metal material, carries out temperature Detection, for measure the interface system tested under gas with various pressure, heating temperature and surface covering thickness between solid-liquid material Number；The detected materials of unlike material and standard specimen combination of materials are sequentially placed into respectively between heating chamber and cooling water tank and carry out temperature Detection, for measuring material thermal conductivity under test different temperatures；

2, heating component is only evenly heated sample component one end end face, and cooling water tank is equal to sample component the other end face Even cooling, remaining position are insulated, and ensure that the one-dimension of heat transfer；

3, the first composite sample includes solid-state mold material and solid-state casting material, can achieve solid-solid interface heat exchange system The purpose of number precise measurement；Second composite sample includes solid-state mold material and melting part material, can achieve solid-liquid interface and changes The purpose of hot coefficient precise measurement；Third composite sample includes standard specimen material and metal material to be measured, can achieve metal to be measured The purpose of material thermal conductivity precise measurement；

4, the coefficient of heat transfer, thermal conductivity can be completed by same test device, effectively simplify testing procedure；

5, casting mold specimen surface can spray casting coating material, fit closely with actual casting process；

6, sample component, the heat-insulating material in device are removable material, can be according to sample component and heating temperature Different replacement heat-insulating materials, improve the application range and service life of test device.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is assembling schematic diagram of the device when carrying out thermal conductivity measurement, the solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer

Fig. 2 is assembling schematic diagram of the device when carrying out the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer

Fig. 3 stacks cooperation schematic diagram for third composite sample

Fig. 4 stacks cooperation schematic diagram for the first composite sample

Fig. 5 stacks cooperation schematic diagram for the second composite sample

In Fig. 1~5: 1 is bracket, and 2 be cabinet, and 201 be strip aperture, and 3 be the first composite sample, and 301 be the first casting Type sample, 302 be the first casting sample, and 4 be thermal insulating warm-keeping layer, and 5 be thermocouple, and 6 be temperature signal collection module, and 7 be hydraulic Component, 8 be water pump, and 9 be water inlet pipe, and 10 be outlet pipe, and 11 be return water tank, and 12 be cooling water tank, and 13 be air inlet-outlet pipe, and 14 are Triple valve, 15 be pressure gas source, and 16 be insulation high temperature resistant support base, and 17 be heating component, and 18 be baroceptor, and 19 be pressure Sensor, 20 be pressure signal acquisition module, and 21 be third composite sample, and 211 be standard sample, and 212 be third casting mold sample, 213 be third casting sample, and 22 be casting mold coating, and 23 be the second composite sample, and 231 be the second casting mold sample, and 232 be melting casting Part metal, 234 be insulation high-temperature resistant container.

Specific embodiment

The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.

The measuring device of interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity as shown in Fig. 1~2,2 one end of cabinet outside is fixed to be added The heating chamber of hot component 17, heating component 17 is connected with 2 inner cavity of cabinet, is equipped in the heating chamber of heating component 17 dismountable It is insulated high temperature resistant support base 16.

The inside of 2 other end of cabinet is equipped with cooling water tank 12, and cooling water tank 12 passes through the water pump 8 outside water inlet pipe 9 and cabinet 2 Connection is connect by outlet pipe 10 with the return water tank 11 outside cabinet 2；Water inlet pipe 9 and outlet pipe 10 are respectively from the length on cabinet 2 201 activity of bar shaped aperture passes through, compression aspect of the aperture length direction along cooling water tank 12；Return water tank 11 is higher than cooling water tank 12 configurations, 11 top of return water tank are equipped with drainage hole.

Baroceptor 18 is equipped in the heating chamber of heating component 17, the pressure-driven of cooling water tank 12 is passed equipped with pressure Sensor 19, baroceptor 18 and pressure sensor 19 are connect with 20 signal of pressure signal acquisition module respectively.

Be equipped with sample component in cabinet 2 between heating component 17 and cooling water tank 12, sample component and 2 side wall of cabinet it Between it is heat-insulated by the thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4 of annular, cooling water tank 12 is close to sample component one end with cooling samples component, and can It pressurizes towards heating component 17 to sample component under the driving of hydraulic package 7, or support heating component 17, sample component are another The heating chamber of heating component 17 is protruded at end, and the support when cooling water tank 12 pressurizes to sample component of insulation high temperature resistant support base 16 tries The sample component other end.

13 one end of air inlet-outlet pipe is protruded into the heating chamber of heating component 17, and the other end stretches out outside cabinet 2, and passes through triple valve 14 are connected with external environment and pressure gas source 15 respectively；Air inlet-outlet pipe 13 can into the heating chamber of heating component 17 charged pressure Gas or release 17 heating chamber of heating component in pressed gas with to sample component pressurization or release.

Sample component is the first composite sample 3, any one in the second composite sample 23 or third composite sample 21, Wherein, the first composite sample 3 includes the first casting mold sample 301 and the first casting sample 302, and the second composite sample 23 includes second Casting mold sample 231 and the melting casting metal 232 being contained in insulation high-temperature resistant container 234, third composite sample 21 include mark Quasi- sample 211 and one of third casting mold sample 212 or third casting sample 213；First casting mold sample 301 and the first casting Sample 302 is the identical cylindrical sample of diameter；Second casting mold sample 231 is the identical circle of diameter with melting casting metal 232 Cylindricality sample；Standard sample 211 and third casting mold sample 212, third casting sample 213 are the identical cylindrical sample of diameter； Two samples in any combination sample fit closely stacked up and down；In the present embodiment, insulation high-temperature resistant container 234 is crucible, Upper and lower ends are open end, and lower end is connected through a screw thread to be fixed on outside the second casting mold sample 231 with ceramic slurry roasting.

First casting mold sample 301, the first casting sample 302, the second casting mold sample 231, standard sample 211, sample to be measured 212 and third casting sample 213 on along sample, at least three temperature of setting are adopted at axial, the evenly spaced heart in the sample respectively Collect point, melt and temperature acquisition point is respectively set at 232 bottom center of casting metal and height center, on each temperature acquisition point It is respectively equipped with temperature acquisition element；All temperature acquisition elements are connect with 6 signal of temperature signal collection module；The present embodiment In, temperature acquisition element is thermocouple 5.

First casting mold sample 301 and the second casting mold sample 231 towards the first casting sample 302 and melt casting metal 232 One end end face on be covered each by casting mold coating 22.

Pressure signal acquisition module 20, temperature signal collection module 6 are electrically connected with control module respectively.

Lubricant is coated with inside cabinet 2, thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4 is insulation asbestos layer, since hole is more inside and outside it, by The resistance that thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4 generates device operation can be ignored, and insulation high temperature resistant support base 16 includes four alumina silicate Support rod.

When measurement, measure that temperature is more accurate, and using 100 millimeters of internal diameter, certain thickness cabinet 2 holds examination to test (cooling system includes cooling water tank 12, water inlet pipe 9, outlet pipe 10, water pump 8 and return water tank 11, case for sample component and cooling system The height of body 2 should be greater than 200 millimeters, and the space to guarantee cabinet 2 is sufficiently large, and the thickness of 2 internal insulation insulating layer 4 of cabinet is to try Subject to the size of sample component, guarantee that its inner cavity and the contact portion of sample component and the heating chamber of heating component are combined closely, with Ensure insulation effect, contact portion not should be greater than 10 millimeters for remaining, guarantee the insulation of cabinet.

Embodiment 1: the thermal conductivity measurement of casting sample

A, the selection of third composite sample 21 and the setting of thermocouple 5:

Standard sample 211 is the cylindrical brass of 50 millimeters of diameter, 75 millimeters of length, and third casting sample 213 is diameter 50 millimeters, 60 millimeters of length of cylindrical A357 aluminium alloy；211 lower surface of standard sample is in contact with third casting sample 213 Need smooth enough on one side, to reduce influence of the surface roughness to test result.

In order to accurately obtain the axial temperature inside third composite sample 21, between 211 outer surface of standard sample is pressed and is waited Away from the blind hole that (spacing be 15 millimeters) opens up four installation thermocouples 5,213 outer surface of third casting sample by it is equidistant ( Away from being 15 millimeters) blind holes of three installation thermocouples 5 is opened up, each diameter of blind hole is 1.0 millimeters, and hole depth is 25 millimeters, To guarantee the position of temperature acquisition center portion position in the sample.Each blind hole can be inserted into a thermocouple 5, a corresponding temperature acquisition Point, thermocouple 5 is by corresponding temperature acquisition point temperature real-time delivery to temperature signal collection module 6.

B, when measuring, sample installation fixation is sequentially included the following steps:

The first step, assemble cooling system: the outer diameter of cooling water tank 12 is identical as 2 internal diameter of cabinet, is 100 millimeters, will be pre- The cooling water tank 12 for first having opened up strip aperture 201 is placed in 2 bottom of cabinet, and two sides pass through the strip aperture on cabinet 2 201 are inserted into water inlet pipe 9 and outlet pipe 10 respectively and fix, and water inlet pipe 9 and outlet pipe 10 connect with water pump 8 and return water tank 11 respectively It connects；

Second step installs third composite sample 21: by standard sample 211 and third casting sample 213 by from bottom to top according to It is secondary to be combined into third composite sample 21, third composite sample 21 is placed in cabinet 2, is placed on cooling water tank 12；

Third step, fitting temperature acquisition system: in each blind hole of standard sample 211 and third casting sample 213 It is inserted into thermocouple 5 and fixes, each thermocouple 5 is connected with 6 signal of temperature signal collection module；

4th step installs thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4: thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4 is coated inside cabinet 2, around third composite sample 21, Guarantee to fit closely with 21 side wall of third composite sample and 2 inner wall of cabinet respectively inside and outside heat insulation layer 4, to guarantee insulation effect；

5th step installs heating component 17: insulation 16 bottom of high temperature resistant support base is pushed against third casting sample 213 1 On end, top is pushed against at the top of the heating chamber of heating component 17, and heating component 17 is fixed on 2 top of cabinet and coats heat preservation Layer；

Whole device is inverted after being installed, exchanges the orientation up and down of device, and return water tank 11 is made to be higher than cooling At about 500 millimeters of water tank, the drainage hole on 11 top of return water tank is for guaranteeing that the constant and cooling system of hydraulic pressure in cabinet 2 is whole Weight is constant, constant to the actuating pressure at sample contacts face, as shown in Figure 1.

C, measuring principle and measurement method

The present embodiment can be used for testing the material thermal conductivity at a temperature of different heating, basic principle are as follows: be heated by changing The power of component 17 changes system temperature, obtains after temperature signal is stablized and is recorded after temperature signal collection module 6, and according to The material heat corresponding with the respective axial temperature analytical calculation of third casting sample 213 of standard sample 211 at a temperature of different heating Conductance.

Specific measurement sequentially includes the following steps:

The first step keeps heating component 17 to be located at 2 lower end of cabinet, cooling water tank 12 is located at the orientation of 2 upper end of cabinet for case Body 2 is fixed, and the water surface in return water tank 11 is kept to reach drainage hole height；Air inlet-outlet pipe 13 is kept to be connected and close with external environment It holds one's breath pressure sensor 18, third composite sample 21 is placed on insulation high temperature resistant support base 16；Cooling water tank 12 is close to third group Closing 21 top of sample and keeping pressurization value is setting value；

Second step, heating component 17 begins to warm up 213 lower end of third casting sample with setpoint power output, and tries through standard 211 upper end of sample delivers heat to cooling water tank 12, leads to after the temperature signal of temperature acquisition point each on third composite sample 21 is stablized Excess temperature signal acquisition module 6 acquires the temperature of each temperature acquisition point；In view of at sample axial centre, temperature height divides Cloth rule is far distributed in linear function about the close of heat source distance, i.e., the temperature profile function curve of each temperature acquisition point is one Oblique line, therefore according to the temperature of each temperature acquisition point of third casting sample 213, make temperature profile function curve, it will be able to obtain 213 axial-temperature gradient value of third casting sample (i.e. the slope of temperature profile function function oblique line) is obtained, is similarly tried according to standard The temperature of each temperature acquisition point of sample 211 obtains its axial-temperature gradient value；The thermal conductivity of combined standard sample 211 is (known) to be calculated The thermal conductivity of third casting sample 213 to be measured, formula for thermal conductivity are as follows:

In formula, λ is the thermal conductivity of standard sample 211, k₁For the axial-temperature gradient value of standard sample 211, k is to be measured the The temperature gradient of three casting samples 213；

Third step changes the output power of heating component 17 to change heating temperature, repeats above-mentioned second step, until measuring The thermal conductivity of third casting sample 213 under each setting heating temperature.

Embodiment 2: the thermal conductivity measurement of casting mold sample

A, the third casting sample 213 in embodiment 1 is replaced into third casting mold sample 212, third casting mold sample 212 is The cylindrical H10 steel of 50 millimeters of diameter, 60 millimeters of length, it is contemplated that thermal conductivity belongs to material internal property, therefore its surface without Need sprayed surface casting mold coating.

Then it is carried out by B, the C portion in embodiment 1, the third casting mold sample under each setting heating temperature can be measured 212 thermal conductivity.

Embodiment 3: the measurement of the solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer

A, the selection of the first composite sample 3 and the setting of thermocouple 5:

First casting sample 302 is 60 millimeters of 50 millimeters of diameter, length cylinder A357 aluminium alloys；First casting mold sample 301 for 50 millimeters of diameter, 75 millimeters of length cylindrical H10 steel, the casting mold coating 22 on surface be spray ceramic coating, first Casting mold sample 301 needs smooth enough with what the first casting sample 302 was in contact on one side, to reduce surface roughness to test result Influence.

In order to accurately obtain the axial temperature inside the first composite sample 3, pressed in 301 outer surface of the first casting mold sample etc. The blind hole that spacing (spacing is 15 millimeters) opens up four installation thermocouples 5, in 302 outer surface of the first casting sample by equidistant (spacing is 15 millimeters) opens up the blind hole of three installation thermocouples 5, and each diameter of blind hole is 1.0 millimeters, and hole depth is 25 millis Rice, to guarantee the position of temperature acquisition center portion position in the sample.Each blind hole can be inserted into a thermocouple 5, a corresponding temperature Collection point, thermocouple 5 is by corresponding temperature acquisition point temperature real-time delivery to temperature signal collection module 6.

Second step installs the first composite sample 3: by the first casting mold sample 301 and the first casting sample 302 by from bottom to top It is combined sequentially into the first composite sample 3, and casting mold coating 22 is made to be located at the first casting mold sample 301 and the first casting sample 302 On contact surface, the first composite sample 3 is placed in cabinet 2, is placed on cooling water tank 12；

Third step, fitting temperature acquisition system: in each blind hole of the first casting mold sample 301 and the first casting sample 302 It is inside inserted into thermocouple 5 and fixes, each thermocouple 5 is connected with 6 signal of temperature signal collection module；

4th step installs thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4: thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4 is coated inside cabinet 2, around the first composite sample 3, Guarantee to fit closely with 3 side wall of the first composite sample and 2 inner wall of cabinet respectively inside and outside heat insulation layer 4, to guarantee insulation effect；

5th step installs heating component 17: insulation 16 bottom of high temperature resistant support base is pushed against the first casting sample 302 1 On end, top is pushed against at the top of the heating chamber of heating component 17, and heating component 17 is fixed on 2 top of cabinet and coats heat preservation Layer；Ensure that the heating process of heating element acts only on one end end face of the first casting sample 302, guarantees the first composite sample 3 One dimensional heat transfer；

C, measuring principle and measurement method

The present embodiment can be used for measuring different interfacial pressures, heating temperature, interface surface roughness and surface covering thickness Interface heat exchange coefficient between lower solid-state casting material and solid-state mold material, basic principle are as follows:

(1) output pressure for changing hydraulic package 7 obtains output pressure by pressure signal acquisition module 20 and specifically counts Value, to calculate corresponding interfacial pressure, (interfacial pressure value is the output pressure of hydraulic package 7 plus cooling system, first The self weight of casting mold sample 301, this partial pressure can be measured in advance), and according to 301 He of the first casting mold sample under different interfacial pressures The corresponding interface heat exchange coefficient of the respective axial temperature analytical calculation of first casting sample 302；

(2) change the power of heating component 17 to change system temperature, obtain temperature signal to temperature signal collection module 6 It is recorded after stabilization, and according to the first casting mold sample 301 under each heating temperature and the respective axial direction of the first casting sample 302 Temperature analysis calculates corresponding interface heat exchange coefficient

(3) interface surface roughness is changed by machining, and according to the first casting mold under each interface surface roughness Sample 301 and the corresponding interface heat exchange coefficient of the respective axial temperature analytical calculation of the first casting sample 302；

(4) by changing 22 thickness of casting mold coating on 301 surface of the first casting mold of stereomutation sample of sprayed coating, and root According to the first casting mold sample 301 under each 22 thickness of casting mold coating and the respective axial temperature analytical calculation of the first casting sample 302 Corresponding interface heat exchange coefficient.

It is sequentially included the following steps: when measurement

The first step keeps heating component 17 to be located at 2 lower end of cabinet, cooling water tank 12 is located at the orientation of 2 upper end of cabinet for case Body 2 is fixed, and the water surface in return water tank 11 is kept to reach drainage hole height；Air inlet-outlet pipe 13 is kept to be connected and close with external environment Hold one's breath pressure sensor 18, by the vertical loading cabinet 2 of the first composite sample 3, be placed on insulation high temperature resistant support base 16；It is cooling Water tank 12 is close to 3 top of the first composite sample and keeps pressurization value be setting value；

Second step, heating component 17 begin to warm up 302 lower end of the first casting sample with setpoint power output, and through the first casting 301 upper end of type sample delivers heat to cooling water tank 12, after the temperature signal of temperature acquisition point each on the first composite sample 3 is stablized The temperature of each temperature acquisition point is acquired by temperature signal collection module 6, to obtain the first casting mold sample 301 and the first casting Axial-temperature gradient at 302 center of part sample；

Third step, according to the axial temperature analytical calculation interfacial heat exchange of the first casting mold sample 301 and the first casting sample 302 Coefficient:

I, the hot-fluid for passing through 301 cross section of the first casting mold sample, heat transfer formula are calculated are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the first casting mold sample 301；λ₁It [can be used for the thermal conductivity of the first casting mold sample 301 Same device is measured by embodiment 2]；ΔL₁It is adjacent away from the first casting sample 302 nearest two for the first casting mold sample 301 The distance between temperature acquisition element；ΔT₁It is the first casting mold sample 301 away from two nearest adjacent temperature of the first casting sample 302 Spend the temperature difference between acquisition elements；

II, the hot-fluid for passing through 302 cross section of the first casting sample, heat transfer formula are calculated are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the first casting sample 302；λ₂It [can be used for the thermal conductivity of the first casting sample 302 Same device is measured by embodiment 1]；ΔL₂It is adjacent away from the first casting mold sample 301 nearest two for the first casting sample 302 The distance between temperature acquisition element；ΔT₂It is the first casting sample 302 away from two nearest adjacent temperature of the first casting mold sample 301 Spend the temperature difference between acquisition elements；

IV, according to the axial-temperature gradient of the first casting mold sample 301, in conjunction with extrapolation obtain the first casting mold sample 301 with At first casting sample, 302 contact surface 301 side of the first casting mold sample interface temperature (in view of at sample axial centre, The temperature height regularity of distribution is far distributed in linear function about the close of heat source distance, i.e., the temperature profile function of each temperature acquisition point Curve is an oblique line, therefore according to the temperature of each temperature acquisition point of the first casting mold sample 301, makes temperature profile function song Line, it will be able to the interface temperature of 301 side of the first casting mold sample is derived from function curve, this be also why each sample On temperature acquisition point quantity be at least along axial centre three reasons)；Similarly according to the axis of the first casting sample 302 To temperature gradient, the first casting sample at the first casting sample 302 and 301 contact surface of the first casting mold sample is obtained in conjunction with extrapolation The interface temperature of 302 sides；The solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer, heat exchange system are derived using the temperature difference between two interface temperatures Number calculation formula are as follows:

Change the pressurization value of cooling water tank 12 to change interfacial pressure, and/or changes the casting mold painting of the first casting mold sample 301 22 thickness of layer, and/or change the surface roughness at the first casting mold sample 301 and 302 contact surface of the first casting sample, and/or Change the output power of heating component 17 to change heating temperature, repeat the above steps, until measuring different interfacial pressures, coating The solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer under thickness, surface roughness, heating temperature.

Embodiment 4: the measurement of the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer

A, the selection of the second composite sample 23 and the setting of thermocouple 5:

Second casting mold sample 231 is the cylindrical H10 steel of 50 millimeters of diameter, 75 millimeters of length；It is insulated high-temperature resistant container 234 For 50 millimeters of internal diameter, 60 millimeters of outer diameter, the ceramic crucible that 75 millimeters of length, wherein 15 height of bottom and the second casting mold sample 231 are contacted and are fixed using screw thread and ceramic slurry roasting, are pre-placed a certain amount of A357 aluminium alloy solid metallic in crucible, It is calculated by weight and density, the height of the melting casting metal 232 under molten condition is about 40 millimeters, the second casting mold sample 231 upper surfaces need smooth enough, to reduce influence of the surface roughness to test result, and in itself and melting casting metal 232 The casting mold coating 22 of one layer of ceramic material is sprayed in the one side of contact.

In order to accurately obtain the axial temperature inside the second composite sample 23, pressed in 231 outer surface of the second casting mold sample Equidistantly (spacing is 15 millimeters) opens up the blind hole of four installation thermocouples 5, and each diameter of blind hole is 1.0 millimeters, hole depth It is 25 millimeters, to guarantee the position of temperature acquisition center portion position in the sample.Each blind hole can be inserted into a thermocouple 5, corresponding one A temperature acquisition point, thermocouple 5 is by corresponding temperature acquisition point temperature real-time delivery to temperature signal collection module 6.

In order to monitor melting 232 internal temperature of casting metal and the accurately interface temperature of acquisition melting casting metal 232, At melting 232 height center of casting metal and temperature acquisition point is respectively set in bottom center, distinguishes on two temperature acquisition points Thermocouple 5 is set, and thermocouple 5 is by corresponding temperature acquisition point temperature real-time delivery to temperature signal collection module 6.

The first step, assemble cooling system: the outer diameter of cooling water tank 12 is identical as 2 internal diameter of cabinet, is 100 millimeters, will be pre- The cooling water tank 12 for first having opened up strip aperture 201 is placed in 2 bottom of cabinet, and two sides pass through the strip aperture on cabinet 2 201 are inserted into water inlet pipe 9 and outlet pipe 10 respectively and fix, and water inlet pipe 9 and outlet pipe 10 connect with water pump 8 and return water tank 11 respectively It connects；And it is higher than return water tank 11 at about 500 millimeters of cooling water tank, the drainage hole on 11 top of return water tank is for guaranteeing cabinet 2 The constant and cooling system overall weight of interior hydraulic pressure is constant, constant to the actuating pressure at sample contacts face.

Second step installs the second composite sample 23: insulation high-temperature resistant container 234 is fixedly mounted on the second casting mold sample 231 tops, insulation high-temperature resistant container 234 is interior to be packed into A357 aluminium alloy solid metallic powder/granule, is then placed in cabinet 2, peace It is put on cooling water tank 12；

Third step, fitting temperature acquisition system: in each blind hole of the second casting mold sample 231 and A357 aluminium fusion closes It is inserted at 232 height center of melting casting metal in golden solid metallic powder/granule, after corresponding melting with bottom center Thermocouple 5 is simultaneously fixed, and each thermocouple 5 is connected with 6 signal of temperature signal collection module；

4th step installs thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4: thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 4 is coated inside cabinet 2, around the second composite sample 23, Guarantee to fit closely with 23 side wall of the second composite sample and 2 inner wall of cabinet respectively inside and outside heat insulation layer 4, to guarantee insulation effect；

5th step installs heating component 17: heating component 17 being fixed on 2 top of cabinet and coats insulating layer, absolutely At the top of hot high-temperature resistant container 234 in the heating chamber of heating component 17, the heating chamber of heated sealed component 17 and 2 inner cavity of cabinet Connectivity part avoids gas-pressurized from leaking from heating chamber to cabinet 2；Ensure that the heating process of heating element acts only on the conjunction of A357 aluminium Golden solid metallic powder/granule or one end end face for melting casting metal 232 guarantee the one-dimensional biography of the second composite sample 23 Heat, as shown in Figure 2.

C, measuring principle and measurement method

The present embodiment can be used for measuring under different interfacial pressures, heating temperature and surface covering thickness solid-state casting material with Interface heat exchange coefficient between solid-state mold material, basic principle are as follows:

By A357 aluminium alloy solid metallic powder/granule heating melting be melting casting metal 232 after,

(1) triple valve 14 of air pressure regulator, adjustment melting 232 upper surface gas pressure of casting metal, pressure are adjusted Signal acquisition module 20 obtains pressure specific value by baroceptor 18, and golden according to casting is melted under gas with various pressure Belong to 232 bottom centre's temperature and the corresponding solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer of 231 axial temperature analytical calculation of the second casting mold sample；Pressure Apply air pressure, and and air pressure transmission inside strength source 15, triple valve 14 and the whole heating chamber to heating component 17 of air inlet-outlet pipe 13 Sensor 18,20 reciprocation of pressure signal acquisition module, the intracorporal air pressure of control cabinet；

(2) change system temperature by changing the power of heating component 17, obtain temperature letter to temperature signal collection module 6 It is recorded after number stablizing, and is tried according to 232 bottom centre's temperature of casting metal and the second casting mold is melted under each heating temperature The corresponding solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer of 231 axial temperature analytical calculation of sample；

(3) by changing the coating layer thickness on 231 surface of the second casting mold of stereomutation sample of casting mold coating 22, and according to not With melting 232 bottom centre's temperature of casting metal and 231 axial temperature analysis meter of the second casting mold sample under 22 thickness of casting mold coating Calculate the corresponding solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer.

It is sequentially included the following steps: when measurement

The first step keeps heating component 17 to be located at 2 upper end of cabinet, cooling water tank 12 is located at the orientation of 2 lower end of cabinet for case Body 2 is fixed, by vertical the loadings cabinet 2 of the second composite sample 23, be placed in 12 top of cooling water tank, and make melting casting metal 232 are located at 231 top of the second casting mold sample, close pressure sensor 19 and hydraulic package 7, and hydraulic package 7 only plays support and makees With；

Second step, by air inlet-outlet pipe 13 into the heating chamber of heating component 17 charge/discharge gas with change be applied to melting casting The atmospheric pressure value at 232 top of part metal, pressure signal acquisition module 20 acquires air pressure by baroceptor 18, in following third steps In heating process, when in the heating chamber of heating component 17 air pressure vary with temperature change when, real-time regulating three-way valve 14 with Make when the temperature stabilizes, air pressure keeps preset atmospheric pressure value in heating chamber；

Third step, water flowing in cooling water tank 12, heating component 17 begin to warm up melting casting metal with setpoint power output 232, and cooling water tank 12 is delivered heat to through the second casting mold sample 231, the temperature to temperature acquisition point each on the second composite sample 23 The temperature of each temperature acquisition point is acquired after degree signal stabilization by temperature signal collection module 6；According to the second casting mold sample 231 The temperature of axial each temperature acquisition point, obtains its Axial Temperature Distribution and gradient [the same Examples 1 to 3 of principle], is cast according to melting The temperature of 232 bottom center temperature acquisition point of part metal obtains its bottom centre's temperature, i.e. the second casting mold sample 231 and melting The interface temperature of 232 side of casting metal is melted at 232 contact surface of casting metal；According to melting 232 height center of casting metal Locate temperature real time monitoring melting 232 temperature of casting metal of temperature acquisition point；The temperature of composite sample each section is in heating component There may be slight change with the change of ambient pressure under 17 identical heating powers, by the output power for finely tuning heating component 17 Temperature is able to maintain to stablize；

Third step, according to bottom centre's temperature point of the axial temperature of the second casting mold sample 231 and melting casting metal 232 Analysis calculates interface heat exchange coefficient:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the second casting mold sample 231；λ is that the thermal conductivity of the second casting mold sample 231 [can be used Same device is measured according to embodiment 1]；Δ L is the second casting mold sample 231 two phases nearest apart from melting casting metal 232 The distance between adjacent temperature acquisition element；Δ T is the second casting mold sample 231 two phases nearest apart from melting casting metal 232 Temperature difference between adjacent temperature acquisition element；

II, it is distributed according to the axial-temperature gradient of the second casting mold sample 231, obtains the second casting mold sample in conjunction with extrapolation 231 with melting 232 contact surface of casting metal at 231 side of the second casting mold sample interface temperature [principle is with embodiment 3], utilize The interface temperature of 232 side of casting metal is melted at the temperature and the second casting mold sample 231 and melting 232 contact surface of casting metal Between temperature difference derive the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer, Formulas of Heat Transfer Coefficient are as follows:

Change charge/discharge gas air pressure of the exhaust pipe 13 into the heating chamber of heating component 17 to change interfacial pressure, and/or changes Become 22 thickness of casting mold coating of the second casting mold sample 231, and/or changes the output power of heating component 17 to change heating temperature Degree, repeats the above steps, until measuring the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer under different interfacial pressures, coating layer thickness, heating temperature.

Claims

1. the measuring device of a kind of interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity, it is characterised in that:

Fixed heating component (17), the heating chamber of heating component (17) are connected with cabinet (2) inner cavity outside cabinet (2) one end, Dismountable insulation high temperature resistant support base (16) is equipped in the heating chamber of heating component (17), the inside of cabinet (2) other end is set Have cooling water tank (12), sample component, sample component are equipped in the cabinet (2) between heating component (17) and cooling water tank (12) Thermal insulating warm-keeping layer (4) between cabinet (2) side wall through annular is heat-insulated, and cooling water tank (12) is close to sample component one end with cold But sample component, and can pressurize driven by pressure towards heating component (17) to sample component, or support heating group Part (17), the sample component other end protrude into the heating chamber of heating component (17), are insulated high temperature resistant support base (16) in cooling water tank (12) the sample component other end is supported when pressurizeing to sample component；

Air inlet-outlet pipe (13) one end is protruded into the heating chamber of heating component (17), and the other end stretches out cabinet (2) outside, and passes through threeway Valve (14) is connected with external environment and pressure gas source (15) respectively；Air inlet-outlet pipe (13) can be to the heating chamber of heating component (17) Middle charged pressure gas or release heating component (17) heating chamber in pressed gas with to sample component pressurization or release；

Baroceptor (18) are equipped in the heating chamber of heating component (17), the pressure-driven of cooling water tank (12) is equipped with pressure Sensor (19), baroceptor (18) and pressure sensor (19) are connect with pressure signal acquisition module (20) signal respectively；

Sample component is the first composite sample (3), any one in the second composite sample (23) or third composite sample (21) Kind, wherein the first composite sample (3) includes the first casting mold sample (301) and the first casting sample (302), the second composite sample (23) the melting casting metal (232) for including the second casting mold sample (231) and being contained in insulation high-temperature resistant container (234), the Three composite samples (21) include one in standard sample (211) and third casting mold sample (212) or third casting sample (213) Kind；Two samples in any combination sample fit closely up and down to be stacked；

First casting mold sample (301), the first casting sample (302), the second casting mold sample (231), standard sample (211) are to be measured It measures and is arranged at least three at axial, the evenly spaced heart in the sample along sample respectively on sample (212) and third casting sample (213) A temperature acquisition point melts and temperature acquisition point, Mei Gewen is respectively set at casting metal (232) bottom center and height center Degree is respectively equipped with temperature acquisition element on collection point；All temperature acquisition elements connect with temperature signal collection module (6) signal It connects；

First casting mold sample (301) and the second casting mold sample (231) towards the first casting sample (302) and melt casting metal (232) casting mold coating (22) are covered each by one end end face；

Pressure signal acquisition module (20), temperature signal collection module (6) are electrically connected with control module respectively.

2. the measuring device of interface heat exchange coefficient according to claim 1 and material thermal conductivity, it is characterised in that: described cold But the pressure-driven of water tank (12) is hydraulic package (7).

3. the measuring device of interface heat exchange coefficient according to claim 1 and material thermal conductivity, it is characterised in that: described exhausted Hot high-temperature resistant container (234) is crucible, and the thermal insulating warm-keeping layer (4) is insulation asbestos layer, the insulation high temperature resistant support base It (16) is more alumina silicate support rods.

4. the measuring device of interface heat exchange coefficient according to claim 1 and material thermal conductivity, it is characterised in that: described cold But water tank (12) is connect with the water pump (8) of cabinet (2) outside by water inlet pipe (9), passes through time of outlet pipe (10) and cabinet (2) outside Receive water tank (11) connection；

Water inlet pipe (9) and outlet pipe (10) are passed through from strip aperture (201) activity on cabinet (2) respectively, aperture length side To the compression aspect along cooling water tank (12)；

Return water tank (11) is configured higher than cooling water tank (12), and return water tank (11) top is equipped with drainage hole.

5. the measuring device of interface heat exchange coefficient according to claim 1 and material thermal conductivity, it is characterised in that: described One casting mold sample (301) and the first casting sample (302) are the identical cylindrical sample of diameter；Second casting mold sample (231) and Melting casting metal (232) is the identical cylindrical sample of diameter；Standard sample (211) and third casting mold sample (212), third Casting sample (213) is the identical cylindrical sample of diameter.

6. the measuring device of interface heat exchange coefficient according to claim 1 and material thermal conductivity, it is characterised in that: described exhausted Hot high-temperature resistant container (234) upper and lower ends are open end, and lower end, which is connected through a screw thread, is fixed on second with ceramic slurry roasting Casting mold sample (231) is external.

7. the measuring device of interface heat exchange coefficient according to claim 1 and material thermal conductivity, it is characterised in that: the temperature Degree acquisition elements are thermocouple (5).

8. a kind of measuring device using claim 1~the 7 any interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity carries out material Expect the method for thermal conductivity measurement, comprising the following steps:

The first step keeps heating component (17) to be located at cabinet (2) lower end, cooling water tank (12) is located at the orientation of cabinet (2) upper end Cabinet (2) are fixed, keep air inlet-outlet pipe (13) to be connected with external environment and close baroceptor (18), third combination examination Sample (21) is placed in insulation high temperature resistant support base (16)；Cooling water tank (12) is close at the top of third composite sample (21) and is kept Pressurization value is setting value；

Second step, heating component (17) begin to warm up third composite sample (21) lower end with setpoint power output, and through third group It closes sample (21) upper end and delivers heat to cooling water tank (12), the temperature signal to temperature acquisition point each on third composite sample (21) The temperature of each temperature acquisition point is acquired after stabilization by temperature signal collection module (6)；According to third casting mold sample (212) or The temperature of each temperature acquisition point of third casting sample (213), obtains respective axial-temperature gradient value, according to standard sample (211) temperature of each temperature acquisition point obtains its axial-temperature gradient value；The thermal conductivity of combined standard sample (211) calculates to be measured Third casting mold sample (212) or third casting sample (213) thermal conductivity, formula for thermal conductivity are as follows:

In formula, λ is the thermal conductivity of standard sample (211), k₁For the axial-temperature gradient value of standard sample (211), k is to be measured The temperature gradient value of third casting mold sample (212) or third casting sample (213)；

Third step changes the output power of heating component (17) to change heating temperature, repeats above-mentioned second step, until measuring not With the thermal conductivity of third casting mold sample (212) and third casting sample (213) under heating temperature.

9. a kind of measuring device using claim 1~the 7 any interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity into The method of row solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer measurement, comprising the following steps:

The first step keeps heating component (17) to be located at cabinet (2) lower end, cooling water tank (12) is located at the orientation of cabinet (2) upper end Cabinet (2) are fixed, keep air inlet-outlet pipe (13) to be connected with external environment and close baroceptor (18), by the first combination In the vertical loading cabinet (2) of sample (3), it is placed in insulation high temperature resistant support base (16)；Cooling water tank (12) is close to first group Closing at the top of sample (3) and keeping pressurization value is setting value；

Second step, heating component (17) begin to warm up the first composite sample (3) lower end with setpoint power output, and through the first combination Sample (3) upper end delivers heat to cooling water tank (12), and the temperature signal to temperature acquisition point each on the first composite sample (3) is stablized The temperature of each temperature acquisition point is acquired by temperature signal collection module (6) afterwards, thus obtain the first casting mold sample (301) and Axial-temperature gradient at first casting sample (302) center；

Third step, according to the axial temperature analytical calculation interfacial heat exchange of the first casting mold sample (301) and the first casting sample (302) Coefficient:

I, the hot-fluid for passing through first casting mold sample (301) cross section, heat transfer formula are calculated are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the first casting mold sample (301)；λ₁For the thermal conductivity of the first casting mold sample (301)；ΔL₁For First casting mold sample (301), the two adjacent temperature acquisition element the distance between nearest away from the first casting sample (302)；ΔT₁ It is the first casting mold sample (301) away from the temperature difference between two nearest adjacent temperature acquisition elements of the first casting sample (302)；

II, the hot-fluid for passing through the first casting sample (302) cross section, heat transfer formula are calculated are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the first casting sample (302)；λ₂For the thermal conductivity of the first casting sample (302)；ΔL₂For First casting sample (302), the two adjacent temperature acquisition element the distance between nearest away from the first casting mold sample (301)；ΔT₂ It is the first casting sample (302) away from the temperature difference between two nearest adjacent temperature acquisition elements of the first casting mold sample (301)；

IV, according to the axial-temperature gradient of the first casting mold sample (301), in conjunction with extrapolation obtain the first casting mold sample (301) with The interface temperature of first casting mold sample (301) side at first casting sample (302) contact surface；According to the first casting sample (302) axial-temperature gradient obtains the first casting sample (302) and first casting mold sample (301) contact surface in conjunction with extrapolation Locate the interface temperature of the first casting sample (302) side；Solid-solid interface is derived using the temperature difference between two interface temperatures The coefficient of heat transfer, Formulas of Heat Transfer Coefficient are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor interfacial contact area；ΔT_CFor the temperature difference between two interface temperatures；Q is the evenly heat by interface Stream；

Change the pressurization value of cooling water tank (12) to change interfacial pressure, and/or changes the casting mold painting of the first casting mold sample (301) Layer (22) thickness, and/or change the surface roughness at the first casting mold sample (301) and the first casting sample (302) contact surface, And/or the output power for changing heating component (17) is repeated the above steps with changing heating temperature, until measuring different interface pressures The solid-solid interface coefficient of heat transfer under power, coating layer thickness, surface roughness, heating temperature.

10. a kind of measuring device using claim 1~the 7 any interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity carries out The method of solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer measurement, comprising the following steps:

The first step keeps heating component (17) to be located at cabinet (2) upper end, cooling water tank (12) is located at the orientation of cabinet (2) lower end Cabinet (2) are fixed, by vertical the loadings cabinet (2) of the second composite sample (23), be placed in cooling water tank (12) top, and make Melting casting metal (232) is located above the second casting mold sample (231), closing pressure sensor (19) and cooling water tank (12) Pressure-driven；

Second step, by air inlet-outlet pipe (13) into the heating chamber of heating component (17) charge/discharge gas with change be applied to melting casting Atmospheric pressure value at the top of part metal (232), pressure signal acquisition module (20) acquires air pressure by baroceptor (18), following In third step heating process, when in the heating chamber of heating component (17) air pressure vary with temperature change when, adjust three in real time Port valve (14) is so that when the temperature stabilizes, air pressure keeps preset atmospheric pressure value in heating chamber；

Third step, cooling water tank (12) interior water flowing, heating component (17) begin to warm up melting casting metal with setpoint power output (232), cooling water tank (12) and through the second casting mold sample (231) are delivered heat to, are adopted to each temperature on the second composite sample (23) The temperature signal of collection point acquires the temperature of each temperature acquisition point by temperature signal collection module (6) after stablizing；According to second The temperature of the axial each temperature acquisition point of casting mold sample (231), obtains its Axial Temperature Distribution and gradient, according to melting casting metal (232) temperature of bottom center temperature acquisition point obtains its bottom centre's temperature, i.e. the second casting mold sample (231) and melting are cast The interface temperature of casting metal (232) side is melted at part metal (232) contact surface；According to melting casting metal (232) height Temperature real time monitoring melting casting metal (232) temperature of temperature acquisition point at center；

Third step, according to the axial temperature of the second casting mold sample (231) and bottom centre's temperature of melting casting metal (232) point Analysis calculates interface heat exchange coefficient:

In formula, A_αFor the cross-sectional area of the second casting mold sample (231)；λ is the thermal conductivity of the second casting mold sample (231)；Δ L is the Nearest the distance between the two adjacent temperature acquisition elements of two casting mold samples (231) distance melting casting metal (232)；ΔT For the temperature between two nearest adjacent temperature acquisition elements of the second casting mold sample (231) distance melting casting metal (232) Difference；

II, it is distributed according to the axial-temperature gradient of the second casting mold sample (231), obtains the second casting mold sample in conjunction with extrapolation (231) with melting casting metal (232) contact surface at second casting mold sample (231) side interface temperature, using the temperature with Second casting mold sample (231) and melting casting metal (232) contact surface at melt casting metal (232) side interface temperature it Between temperature difference derive the solid-liquid interface coefficient of heat transfer, Formulas of Heat Transfer Coefficient are as follows:

In formula, A_αFor interfacial contact area；ΔT_CFor the temperature difference between sample at contact interface；Q is the hot-fluid by interface；

Change the charge/discharge gas air pressure of exhaust pipe (13) into the heating chamber of heating component (17) to change interfacial pressure, and/or changes Become casting mold coating (22) thickness of the second casting mold sample (231), and/or changes the output power of heating component (17) and added with changing Hot temperature, repeats the above steps, until measuring the solid-liquid interface heat exchange system under different interfacial pressures, coating layer thickness, heating temperature Number.