CN110016624A - A kind of lanthanum goes bad high hardness alloy and its casting method - Google Patents
A kind of lanthanum goes bad high hardness alloy and its casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110016624A CN110016624A CN201910407613.XA CN201910407613A CN110016624A CN 110016624 A CN110016624 A CN 110016624A CN 201910407613 A CN201910407613 A CN 201910407613A CN 110016624 A CN110016624 A CN 110016624A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/006—Making ferrous alloys compositions used for making ferrous alloys
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- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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Abstract
A kind of lanthanum goes bad high hardness alloy and its casting method, and the content of alloy each element is Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, the content of Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn are less than 0.3, La:0.03~0.7, surplus Fe, C, B total amount are 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratio: 0.06~0.08；The total amount of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0, get out Fe-La first2O3, Fe- lanthanum carbonate or Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact, by cast alloys after alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatment, cast temperature range is 1250~1320 DEG C.Alloy HRC66.2~71.0 of the present invention, impact flexibility reach 8.6~14.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 800~1345MPa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-hardness and wear-resistant cast-iron fields, and it is solid to be related to a kind of fine hard phase and supersaturation that Rare Earth Lanthanum is rotten
Solution, martensitic matrix phase composition wear and corrosion resistant cast iron preparation method, can be widely used for machinery, chemical industry, electric power, metallurgy,
Etc. mechanical wearing piece manufacture in industries.
Technical background
Fe-Cr-B-C abrasion resistant casting alloy is mainly with Fe2B or M2B is hard phase, has good toughness and high rigidity, height
Corrosion resistance, melting-casting manufacturability is good, has very wide application prospect.
Metamorphism treatment is to improve one of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy structure and mechanical property effective ways.Alterant is according to effect
The elements such as strong carbon, nitrogen, sulfide formation element, such as Ti, V, and strong constitutional supercooling element, such as surface active element can be divided into
Rare earth (RE), Mg etc..
Rare earth element is gathered on the solid growth interface of liquid, and limitation crystal grain is grown up, to improve the hardness of alloy, intensity and resistance to
Mill property；And thinning microstructure, so that boride suspension shape and graininess distribution is occurred, improves impact flexibility.Research shows that: in Fe-Cr-
The cerium (Ce) of addition 0.6% can make impact flexibility improve 86.4% in B-C alloy.Add the mixing alterant of 1.0% (Ce+La)
Into Fe-Cr-B alloy, the hardness of alloy increases to 70.2HRC by 52HRC, and impact flexibility is by 3.36J/cm2It is increased to
6.38J/cm2。
RE Modified can rare earth alloy or rare-earth wires single Modification Manners, can also take compound modification treatment, i.e., with N,
The mixture of the elements such as Ti, V, Mg, Si and rare earth is as alterant.Silicon Mg mixed rare-earth alterant is most commonly that composite inoculating
Method, studies have shown that: Fe-Cr-B-C alloy impact toughness after RE-Si-Mg is rotten is higher than the premise that do not go bad by 72.2%；
After RE-Ti goes bad and is heat-treated, impact flexibility improves 1.8 times；Through RE-Mg go bad impact flexibility improve 34.6%；Through RE-
Desmachyme all disappears after Ti-N is rotten, and toughness improves 133.3%；After RE-Mg-V-Ti Metamorphism treatment, impact flexibility
Reach 15.6J/cm2；After RE-Ti-Si-V Metamorphism treatment, impact flexibility reaches 12J/cm2More than.
These have a common difficulty, the i.e. pure rare earth, rare earth alloy of high activity or multiple using the method for RE Modified
Close rare earth material.Due to the high activity of rare earth, so that the tissue of alloy, performance are difficult to control after alterant itself or Metamorphism treatment
System, modification effect are difficult to ensure.
Document 1:LM cathode research-emission principle and present Research [D] Beijing University of Technology, 2001:pp44-50.Document
1 analyzes carbonization La2O3The chemical balance of-Mo alloy:
3Mo2C(s)+La2O3(s)=2La (s, l)+3CO (g)+6Mo
Due to Mo2The effect of C, the reduction reaction free enthalpy variation for generating simple substance La is small very much, thus reaction product La
With the also high 10 several orders of magnitude of the equilibrium partial pressure of CO.When temperature is higher than 1673K, i.e., 1400 DEG C, CO partial pressure is lower than E-9atm
When, reaction equation can carry out to the right automatically, i.e. reduction generates simple substance La.
Patent document 2: 105695884 B of Authorization Notice No. CN, the antifriction alloy hardness of preparation are HRC66~70, impact
4~9J/cm of toughness2.The hardness of such alloy is higher, but impact flexibility is insufficient, and intensity index is lower, and bending strength is lower,
346~477MPa range limits the occasion that the Alloyapplication is big in some external loads, impact resistance is needed to act on.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rotten high hardness alloy of lanthanum and its casting methods.This method uses lanthana
(La2O3), lanthanum nitrate or lanthanum carbonate be alterant, carbide, boride tool in high temperature melting state Fe-Cr-B-C alloy
There is the thermodynamic condition for promoting high activity La element to be formed, and form compound containing La with C, B, so that casting alloy tissue is thin
Change, carbon boride suspension shape occurs and graininess distribution is presented, to improve impact flexibility.
Due to La2O3, lanthanum nitrate and lanthanum carbonate powder density it is very low, be added directly into melt can with clinker float and cause
La loss of elements, to lose modification effect, therefore the present invention uses La2O3, lanthanum nitrate or lanthanum carbonate powder mix with iron powder
After even, it is molded into powder compact, then melt together with Fe-Cr-B-C casting alloy.Wherein: (1) .La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:4~20, that is, form the mixing briquetting of Fe-4.06~17.05wt.%La.(2) quality of lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Than for 1:3~9, that is, forming the mixing briquetting of Fe-3.21~8.02%La.(3) mass ratio of lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder be 1:4~
19, that is, form the mixing briquetting of Fe-12.16~3.04wt.%La.
Wherein (1) La2O3Powder is white amorphous powder, La2O3Content is more than 99.0%；(2) lanthanum nitrate is white nothing
Amorphous powder, lanthanum nitrate content are more than 99.0%；(3) lanthanum carbonate is white amorphous powder, and lanthanum carbonate content is more than
99.0%.Since lanthanum nitrate and lanthanum carbonate are hydrated compound, dry, dehydration is done before ingredient.
Fe powder is reduction Fe powder or water atomization Fe powder, can contain the alloying element or impurity model in modified cast iron in Fe powder
Interior element, such as Ni, V, Cr are enclosed, being subject to does not influence briquette forming and influence burdening calculation.
The too high levels of the too low then Fe of La amount, will affect burdening calculation；And La too high levels then green compact forming difficulty.
Due to La2O3Or the restriction of lanthanum nitrate or lanthanum carbonate and iron mixture suppression performance and La content itself, it forms difference and contains
Measure the Fe-La mixing briquetting of range.
The high-wearing feature for the patent document 2 that the present invention selects, high corrosion-resistant Fe-Cr-B-C alloy are basic alloy, then are added
Add 0.03~0.7wt.%La element rotten.Form the multi-element eutectic alloy containing elements such as Fe, Cr, B, C, Nb, V, La, each element
Mass percentage be Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn
Content less than 0.3, La:0.03~0.7, S, P :≤0.01, surplus Fe.Wherein C, B summation: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content
Than: 0.06~0.08；The summation of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0.With La2O3Form ingredient, the content control of La 0.05~
0.5wt.%；Or the ingredient in the form of lanthanum nitrate, the content of La are controlled in 0.04~0.6wt.%；Or matched in the form of lanthanum carbonate
The content of material, La is controlled in 0.03~0.7wt.%.
Referring to patent document 2, when specifically preparing alloy, can be used ferrochrome (high-carbon, middle carbon, micro- carbon), ferro-boron, ferro-niobium,
Vanadium iron, pure iron, etc. according to component requirements ingredient.Raw material and its composition are listed in table 1.
Table 1 can be applied to the raw material and composition of preparation invention alloy
The material composition of table 1 is not unique, and specific ingredient raw material obtained by reality determine.Wherein ferrochrome,
Crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and vanadium iron provide the content of Cr, B, Nb and V of invention alloy, and high carbon ferro-chrome is used to balance C content.It is pure
Iron can be electrical pure iron, electromagnetic pure iron or ingot iron.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the rotten carrier-briquetting of iron powder containing La of rare earth La prepares
Fe-La2O3Powder compact: iron powder and La are used2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3Powder and iron
The mass ratio of powder substantially 1:4~20, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-4.06~17.05%La2O3Mix briquetting.
Or Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact: after mixing using iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder, it is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid
The mass ratio of lanthanum powder and iron powder substantially 1:3~9 form the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.21~8.02%La.
Or Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact: after mixing using iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder, it is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid
The mass ratio of lanthanum powder and iron powder substantially 1:4~19 form the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing pressure of Fe-12.16~3.04wt.%La
Block.
(2) alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatment
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to the component requirements proportion of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, first by Fe-La2O3Powder pressure
Block, Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact or Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact are placed in furnace bottom, and the La element for forming set component range becomes
Matter.It is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.Induction furnace, vaccum sensitive stove etc. can be used and carry out melting system
Standby alloy.
For Fe-La2O3Powder compact, fusion temperature are 1500~1600 DEG C, and furnace power is reduced after being completely melt, will
Melt temperature is down to after 1300~1350 DEG C or for Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact, and fusion temperature is 1520~1620 DEG C, complete
Furnace power is reduced after running down, melt temperature is down to after 1320~1370 DEG C or for Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compactization temperature
Degree is 1550~1650 DEG C, furnace power is reduced after being completely melt, after melt temperature is down to 1300~1360 DEG C；Ingredient is used again
The fine aluminium deoxidation of total amount 0.1~0.15%；Heat preservation stands about 5~10 minutes after deoxidation.
(3) it casts
Cast temperature range is 1250~1320 DEG C.
Institute's invention alloy is deep eutectic ingredient, and non-equilibrium matrix can be formed under the conditions of common sand casting,
Such as amorphous, nanocrystalline or martensitic structure.Invention alloy melt has mobility fine, and various method casting and formings can be used,
Such as sand mold die cast or model casting, lost foam casting, permanent mold casting, ceramic mold casting, die casting, centrifugal casting are special
Casting method.Cooling velocity from setting temperature to 600 DEG C should be not less than 60 DEG C/min, but due to occurring non-equilibrium turn
Change will cause volume change, lead to stress cracking phenomenon since temperature is inconsistent when preparing heavy castings, casting should be
The constraint of mold is released between 600~800 DEG C.The subsequent stress relief annealing technique that can be used lower than 600 DEG C of ingot casting and necessary
Machining processes.
Step (1) iron powder is purity >=98.5%, the reduced iron powder or purity >=99.0% of -100 mesh of granularity, grain
Spend the water-atomized iron powder of -100 mesh, or quite granularity containing not influencing the alloy iron powder of casting alloy ingredient on a small quantity.It can also
To select the powder of smaller particle size, the compact strength with subsequent ingredient and furnace charge preparation is not influenced can be pressed by being subject to.
Step (1) is described to be uniformly mixed into mixed cartridge type mixing, V-type mixing or stir mixing, substantial uniform to realize
?.
Step (1) green compact is die forming, and pressing pressure is 100~600MPa, and green compact size is unlimited.It can also adopt
Take isostatic cool pressing method.
Step (2) is by Fe-La2O3The purpose that powder compact is placed in furnace bottom is: the substances such as ferrochrome, ferro-boron have than pure
The low fusion temperature of iron, therefore can preferentially melt and be impregnated into the Fe-La of bottom2O3Powder compact, so that straight iron powder gradually melts
Change, and releases La2O3Powder particle.
The purpose that Fe- lanthanum nitrate or Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact are placed in furnace bottom is: the substances such as ferrochrome, ferro-boron tool
There is the fusion temperature lower than pure iron, therefore can preferentially melt and be impregnated into the Fe- lanthanum nitrate or Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder pressure of bottom
Block, so that straight iron powder gradually melts；Lanthanum nitrate or-lanthanum carbonate resolve into tiny La under by heat effect simultaneously2O3And nitrogen oxidation
Close object or CO2.Wherein oxynitrides gas molecule or CO2Floating-upward process facilitate solution slagging-off；And it releases tiny
Particle La2O3Density it is lower.
Due to La2O3Density it is lower, about 6.51g/cm3, understand gradually upper emersion melt.In La2O3The process that powder floats,
By Fe3C、Cr3C2Equal carbide restore to form active La element, and react with C, B, are formed and are similar to La (B, C)6Compound.
By the metamorphism of La, the reticular structure and Needle-shaped boride of distribution along crystal boundary disappear, and alloy is by primary crystal matrix phase and eutectic group
Composition is knitted, this eutectic structure, which is interted by tiny matrix phase with hard phase, to be formed, so that the intensity and impact flexibility of alloy obtain
To improve.
La2O3There are also degasification, the effect of slagging-off for the CO gas formed in powder floating, reaction process, so that further purification is molten
Body.
If La2O3Powder, lanthanum nitrate powder and lanthanum carbonate powder is not previously prepared is placed in furnace bottom at briquetting, then be easy on rapidly
Bath surface is floated to, bath surface oxygen content is high, La2O3It is not easy to be reduced to form active La, and loses modification effect.
The Fe3C、Cr3C2Equal carbide are formed by C and Fe element reaction when high carbon ferro-chrome and fusing, due to Fe3C、
Cr3C2The stability of equal carbide at high temperature is not so good as Mo2C, and the temperature melted is more than 1400 DEG C of reactions described in document 1
Temperature, the partial pressure of CO gas is also extremely low in melt, therefore the reduction reaction for generating activity La can carry out.EDS power spectrum point
Analysis, which also indicates that, contains La element in casting alloy object phase.
Casting described in step (3) can also realize casting by placing the means such as chill in water cooling, swage, mold, with into
One step promotes matrix that non-equilibrium transformation occurs, and forms high hardness martensitic.
The Fe-Cr-B-C alloy that La Modification Manners of the invention are not limited to, can also be applied to other cast irons and C content is higher
Smelting iron and steel is rotten, micronization processes.Due to La2O3, lanthanum nitrate or lanthanum carbonate La content, activity be slightly different, cause technique
Slightly has difference with modification effect.
It is of the invention to be mainly characterized by directly using La2O3Powder, lanthanum nitrate and lanthanum carbonate powder are mixed with iron powder, form powder pressure
Block, as the rotten carrier of La element.Utilize Fe in Fe-Cr-B-C alloy high-temp melt3C、Cr3C2The reduction of equal carbide
Activity La element is formed, and is reacted with C, B, is formed and is similar to La (B, C)6Compound, avoid the occurrence of that boride is netted and needle
Shape structure promotes tiny eutectic structure to be formed, and plays the rotten toughening effect of thinning microstructure.The matrix of ingot structure be mutually with
The non-equilibrium microstructure that Cr, B, C of high rigidity strengthen；Hard phase is boron, the carbon compound of high rigidity, and is mutually formed with matrix tiny
Eutectic structure.Utilize Fe-La2O3The ingot casting of powder compact preparation, hardness reach HRC68.2~71.0, and impact flexibility reaches 8.6
~11.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches 800~920MPa or the ingot casting using the preparation of Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact, hardness reach
To HRC67.5~69.0, impact flexibility reaches 8.9~12.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches 900~1120MPa or using Fe-
The ingot casting of lanthanum carbonate powder compact preparation, hardness reach HRC66.2~70.0, and impact flexibility reaches 10.7~14.6J/cm2, resist
Curved intensity reaches 1000~1345MPa.
Detailed description of the invention
1 cast sturcture of Fig. 1 present example figure；
1 casting alloy X-ray diffracting spectrum of Fig. 2 present example；
The EDS map and ingredient of 1 casting matrix phase of Fig. 3 present example；
10 cast sturcture of Fig. 4 present example figure；
The EDS map and ingredient of 10 casting matrix phase of Fig. 5 present example.
17 cast sturcture of Fig. 6 present example figure；
Specific embodiment
Various method of smelting of the invention, casting method are not limited by following examples, any to want in right of the invention
The improvements and changes in range for asking book claimed are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron, straight iron powder, La2O3Powder, nitre
Sour lanthanum powder, lanthanum carbonate powder, fine aluminium etc. are raw material, are configured to alloy in the composition range that invention requires.
Embodiment 1. uses iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:4, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-17.05wt.%La2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is
Raw material, composition range are as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V:0.2wt.%；
La:0.5wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, because
This is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand mold die cast.
Specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-La2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.
Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.15% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1300 DEG C.About 6 minutes after having cast, beat
Open sand mould, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 800 DEG C, from setting temperature to 800 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/min.
It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.3, and impact flexibility reaches 11.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches
918MPa。
Fig. 1 is casting alloy tissue, and based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase, wherein eutectic phase is Fe phase and boron, carbon compound
The eutectic structure of object；Fig. 2 is the X-ray diffracting spectrum of casting alloy, and display alloy substrate is α-Fe phase, and diffraction maximum is wider,
And it is wider nearby at 65 °, therefore be the martensitic phase for having a large amount of Cr solid solutions, carbon, boron compound Fe2B、Fe3C and Cr23C6For base
The complex chemical compound of plinth, and show La (B, C)6Compound exists；Fig. 3 is casting alloy matrix phase EDS map and analysis
As a result, EDS can only illustrate La there are La element in alloy as the result is shown in the qualitative analysis of ingredient2O3Work is produced with melt
With, make La element occur alloying, play melt metamorphism.
Embodiment 2. uses iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:20, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-4.06wt.%La2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；La:0.05wt.%；Impurity member
Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps
Are as follows:
By Fe-La2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.Fusing
Temperature is 1500 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.1%
Fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1250 DEG C.About 10 minutes after having cast, water cooling is opened
Swage, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 600 DEG C, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled
To room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC70.0, and impact flexibility reaches 8.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 800MPa.
Embodiment 3. uses iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:10, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-7.75wt.%La2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material,
Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；La:0.3wt.%；Impurity
Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-La2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.
Fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.About 10 minutes after having cast, beat
Open sand mold fusible pattern, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 700 DEG C, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.8, and impact flexibility reaches 9.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches
824MPa。
Embodiment 4. uses iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:15, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-5.33wt.%La2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is original
Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；La:
0.1wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not
It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion
Suddenly are as follows:
By Fe-La2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.
Fusion temperature is 1560 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1330 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.13% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.About 7 minutes after having cast, beat
Open sand mould, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 800 DEG C, from setting temperature to 800 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/min.
It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.2, and impact flexibility reaches 10.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches
896MPa。
Embodiment 5. uses iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:12, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-6.56wt.%La2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is
Raw material, composition range are as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V:0.1wt.%；
La:0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, because
This is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and lost foam casting,
Specific step is as follows:
By Fe-La2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.
Fusion temperature is 1550 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.About 8 minutes after having cast, beat
Open disappearance model sand mold, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 700 DEG C, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC70, and impact flexibility reaches 9.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches
912MPa。
Embodiment 6. uses iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:8, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-9.47wt.%La2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material,
Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；La:0.08wt.%；Impurity
Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-La2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.
Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1315 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.14% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.About 10 minutes after having cast, beat
Open swage, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 600 DEG C, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/min.It is empty
It is cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.5, and impact flexibility reaches 10.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches
912MPa。
Embodiment 7. uses iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:9, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-8.53wt.%La2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is
Raw material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.2wt.%；
La:0.18wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, because
This is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, induction melting can be used and the molding that disappears
It makes.Specific step is as follows:
By Fe-La2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.
Fusion temperature is 1560 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.13% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.About 9 minutes after having cast, beat
Open disappearance model sand mold, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 600 DEG C, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.9, and impact flexibility reaches 9.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches
920MPa。
Embodiment 8. uses iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.La2O3The quality of powder and iron powder
Than substantially 1:6, that is, form the Fe-La of Fe-12.18wt.%La2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is
Raw material, composition range are as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；
La:0.42wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, because
This is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and lost foam casting,
Specific step is as follows:
By Fe-La2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.
Fusion temperature is 1550 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1330 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.
Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.About 9 minutes after having cast, disappearance model sand mold is opened, ingot casting temperature is lower than at this time
700 DEG C, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting is integrally hard
Degree reaches HRC71, and impact flexibility reaches 10.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches 896MPa.
Embodiment 9. uses iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:3 forms the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-8.02wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting
For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V:
0.2wt.%；La:0.6wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property
Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand
Mold casting.Specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1370 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1320 DEG C.About 6 minutes after having cast,
Open sand mould, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 800 DEG C, from setting temperature to 800 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.3, and impact flexibility reaches 12.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1002MPa。
Embodiment 10. uses iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:9 forms the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.21wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；La:0.04wt.%；Impurity member
Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps
Are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.It is molten
Changing temperature is 1520 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.1% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1260 DEG C.It has cast about after ten minutes, has beaten
Boiled water chill, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 600 DEG C, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.0, and impact flexibility reaches 9.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches
900MPa
Fig. 4 is casting alloy tissue, and based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase, wherein eutectic phase is Fe phase and boron, carbon compound
The eutectic structure of object；Fig. 5 is casting alloy matrix phase EDS map and analysis as a result, EDS can only be tied in the qualitative analysis of ingredient
Fruit shows in alloy there are La element, illustrates La2O3Effect is produced with melt, makes La element that alloying occur, plays melt change
Matter effect.
Embodiment 11. uses iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:5 forms the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-5.35wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material,
Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；La:0.4wt.%；Impurity
Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.It has cast about after ten minutes,
Open sand mold fusible pattern, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 700 DEG C, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.8, and impact flexibility reaches 10.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches
925MPa。
Embodiment 12. uses iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:5 forms the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-5.35wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is original
Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；La:
0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not
It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion
Suddenly are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.About 7 minutes after having cast,
Open sand mould, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 800 DEG C, from setting temperature to 800 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.5, and impact flexibility reaches 11.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1096MPa。
Embodiment 13. uses iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:6 forms the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.58wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting
For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V:
0.1wt.%；La:0.05wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property
Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear
Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.About 8 minutes after having cast,
Open disappearance model sand mold, ingot casting temperature is lower than 700 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/
Minute.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.5, and impact flexibility reaches 10.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches
To 1012MPa.
Embodiment 14. uses iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:8 forms the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.56wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material,
Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；La:0.08wt.%；Impurity
Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1335 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.It has cast about after ten minutes,
Open swage, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 600 DEG C, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/min.
It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.2, and impact flexibility reaches 10.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches
980MPa。
Embodiment 15. uses iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:4 forms the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-6.42wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting
For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:
0.2wt.%；La:0.18wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property
Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, can be used induction melting and
Lost foam casting.Specific step is as follows:
Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1610 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.About 9 minutes after having cast,
Open disappearance model sand mold, ingot casting temperature is lower than 600 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/
Minute.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.6, and impact flexibility reaches 8.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1120MPa。
Embodiment 16. uses iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:7 forms the Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.01wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- lanthanum nitrate mixing briquetting
For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V:
0.4wt.%；La:0.32wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property
Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear
Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.About 9 minutes after having cast,
Open disappearance model sand mold, ingot casting temperature is lower than 700 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/
Minute.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.0, and impact flexibility reaches 9.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1092MPa。
Embodiment 17. uses iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:4 forms the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-12.16wt.%La.The load to go bad as rare earth La
Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting
For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V:
0.2wt.%；La:0.7wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property
Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand
Mold casting.Specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1650 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1360 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1320 DEG C.About 6 minutes after having cast,
Open sand mould, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 800 DEG C, from setting temperature to 800 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.3, and impact flexibility reaches 13.6J/cm2, and bending strength reaches
1218MPa。
Fig. 6 is casting alloy tissue, and based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase, wherein eutectic phase is Fe phase and boron, carbon compound
The eutectic structure of object.
Embodiment 18. uses iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:19 forms the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.04wt.%La.The load to go bad as rare earth La
Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；La:0.03wt.%；Impurity member
Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps
Are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.It is molten
Changing temperature is 1550 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with ingredient total amount
0.1% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1260 DEG C.About 10 minutes after having cast, beat
Boiled water chill, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 600 DEG C, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.0, and impact flexibility reaches 10.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1000MPa。
Embodiment 19 uses iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:9 forms the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-6.08wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material,
Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；La:0.5wt.%；Impurity
Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.About 10 minutes after having cast,
Open sand mold fusible pattern, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 700 DEG C, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.8, and impact flexibility reaches 11.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1214MPa。
Embodiment 20. uses iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:14 forms the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.05wt.%La.The load to go bad as rare earth La
Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is original
Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；La:
0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not
It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion
Suddenly are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.About 7 minutes after having cast,
Open sand mould, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 800 DEG C, from setting temperature to 800 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/minute
Clock.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC66.2, and impact flexibility reaches 14.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1325MPa。
Embodiment 21. uses iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:12 forms the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.68wt.%La.The load to go bad as rare earth La
Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting
For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V:
0.1wt.%；La:0.18wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property
Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear
Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.About 8 minutes after having cast,
Open disappearance model sand mold, ingot casting temperature is lower than 700 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/
Minute.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69, and impact flexibility reaches 12.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1212MPa。
Embodiment 22. uses iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:8 forms the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-6.75wt.%La.The carrier to go bad as rare earth La.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-La2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material,
Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；La:0.38wt.%；Impurity
Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1315 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.About 10 minutes after having cast,
Open swage, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 600 DEG C, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/min.
It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.5, and impact flexibility reaches 12.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1345MPa。
Embodiment 23. uses iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:10 forms the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-5.53wt.%La.The load to go bad as rare earth La
Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting
For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:
0.2wt.%；La:0.56wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property
Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, can be used induction melting and
Lost foam casting.Specific step is as follows:
Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1610 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.About 9 minutes after having cast,
Open disappearance model sand mold, ingot casting temperature is lower than 600 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/
Minute.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.9, and impact flexibility reaches 12.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches
To 1320MPa.
Embodiment 24. uses iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder
Mass ratio substantially 1:16 forms the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.58wt.%La.The load to go bad as rare earth La
Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting
For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V:
0.4wt.%；La:0.42wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property
Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear
Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure
Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1300 DEG C.About 9 minutes after having cast,
Open disappearance model sand mold, ingot casting temperature is lower than 700 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 700 DEG C cooling rate be about 60 DEG C/
Minute.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC70, and impact flexibility reaches 12.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches
1296MPa。
Casting alloy performance detection prepared by each embodiment is as described below:
1. pair example casting metal carries out hardness test using HR-150A Rockwell hardness machine, load 150Kg makes a call to five
It is averaged after point, is listed in table 2.
2. pair example casting metal carries out impact flexibility test using JBS-300B shock machine, range 150J is beaten
It is averaged after five samples, is listed in table 2.
3. pair example casting metal material electronics universal testing machine carries out three-point bending resistance experiment, sample having a size of 2 × 5 ×
The rectangular specimen of 50mm, span 30mm take the bending strength average value of three same treatment samples to be listed in table 2.
The ingredient and hardness, impact flexibility and bending strength of 2 embodiment of table
Claims (5)
- The high hardness alloy 1. a kind of lanthanum goes bad, it is characterised in that: the mass percentage of alloy each element is Cr:9.0~13.0, The content of B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn less than 0.3, La:0.03~0.7, S, P :≤0.01, surplus Fe, wherein C, B total mass percentage are as follows: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr mass ratio: 0.06~0.08； The gross mass percentage composition of Nb, V are as follows: 0.5~1.0.
- The casting method of high hardness alloy 2. lanthanum as described in claim 1 goes bad, it is characterised in that including following procedure:(1) briquetting of iron powder containing La preparesUsing iron powder and La2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact, La2O3The mass ratio of powder and iron powder is 1:4~20, Form the Fe-La of Fe-4.06~17.05%La2O3Mix briquetting；Or use iron powder and lanthanum nitrate powder after mixing, molding At powder compact, the mass ratio of lanthanum nitrate powder and iron powder is 1:3~9, and the Fe- lanthanum nitrate for forming Fe-3.21~8.02%La is mixed Combined pressure block；Or use iron powder and lanthanum carbonate powder after mixing, it is molded into powder compact, the mass ratio of lanthanum carbonate powder and iron powder For 1:4~19, the Fe- lanthanum carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-12.16~3.04wt.%La is formed, the carrier to go bad as rare earth La；(2) alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatmentAfter weighing good corresponding raw material according to the component requirements proportion of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, then add 0.03~0.7%La element It is rotten: first by Fe-La2O3Powder compact, Fe- lanthanum carbonate powder compact or Fe- lanthanum nitrate powder compact are placed in furnace bottom, then It is put into ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron, alloy is prepared using induction furnace melting, fusion temperature is 1500~ 1650℃；After being completely melt, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300~1370 DEG C；With ingredient total amount 0.1~ 0.15% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands 5~10 minutes；(3) it castsCast temperature range is 1250~1320 DEG C, and alloy is deep eutectic ingredient, can shape under the conditions of common sand casting At non-equilibrium matrix, casting and forming by various methods, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C cooling velocity should be not less than 60 DEG C/min.
- The casting method of high hardness alloy 3. lanthanum as claimed in claim 2 goes bad, it is characterised in that: when preparing heavy castings, Casting releases the constraint of mold between 600~800 DEG C.
- The casting method of high hardness alloy 4. lanthanum as claimed in claim 2 goes bad, it is characterised in that: step (1) described iron powder For purity >=98.5%, the reduced iron powder or purity >=99.0% of -100 mesh of granularity, the water-atomized iron powder of -100 mesh of granularity, Or purity >=99.0%, the alloy iron powder of -100 mesh of granularity.
- The casting method of high hardness alloy 5. Rare Earth Lanthanum as claimed in claim 2 goes bad, it is characterised in that: step (1) is described Green compact is die forming, and pressing pressure is 100~600MPa, or takes isostatic cool pressing method.
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| CN2018105898599 | 2018-06-08 | ||
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| CN201810589859.9A CN108677105A (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | A kind of lanthanum carbonate goes bad toughening high hardness alloy and its casting method |
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