CN110015825B - Ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 38
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 33
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108020004465 16S ribosomal RNA Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101100490994 Aeromonas hydrophila amoA gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101100490996 Nitrosomonas europaea (strain ATCC 19718 / CIP 103999 / KCTC 2705 / NBRC 14298) amoA2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 101150004639 nirK gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101150027124 nirS gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101150045948 nosZ gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108020000161 polyphosphate kinase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001706 oxygenating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of an ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth. The method comprises the following steps: 1) vermiculite, medical stone and attapulgite are selected as raw materials; 2) modifying vermiculite, medical stone and attapulgite; 3) the modified vermiculite, the modified medical stone and the modified attapulgite are mixed uniformly according to a certain proportion to prepare the ecological matrix material. Also relates to the application of the ecological matrix material for promoting the microbial film and growth in the lake sediment restoration. The natural ecological matrix material is environment-friendly, reasonable in formula, convenient to use, low in cost, ecological and environment-friendly, remarkably improves the film covering and growth rate of microorganisms, effectively solves the problems of lack of microorganisms with the functions of removing phosphorus and reducing nitrogen in the lake sediment repairing process and the like, is favorable for fully playing the role of the microorganisms in the sediment repairing process, and effectively controls and reduces the endogenous load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration of lakes, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a natural ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth, and application of the natural ecological matrix material to bottom sediment restoration engineering of eutrophic lakes.
Background
For the control aspect of the endogenous load of the lake, methods such as sediment dredging, water diversion and sewage disposal, deep water discharge, physical and chemical covering, aquatic plant and microorganism ecological restoration and the like are mainly used at present. The sediment dredging can effectively remove the polluted sediment, but has the defects of high cost, secondary pollution, damage to the original sediment ecosystem of the river channel and the like, and particularly, the treatment, disposal and resource utilization of the dredged sediment are important bottlenecks of the sediment treatment technology. The dilution capacity of the diversion and decontamination on pollutants is obviously improved, the hydrodynamic conditions are changed to accelerate the mixing of the pollutants, the decontamination capability of local water areas is improved, but the water body pollutants are transferred to influence the water environment quality of other water areas; if the flow velocity of the water body is accelerated, the river bed bottom mud is easy to suspend, and the secondary pollution of the water body is caused. The deep water discharge method can increase the output of endogenous phosphorus, but has large investment and large disturbance to the sediment, and easily leads the sediment to be spread to cause the release of the endogenous phosphorus.
The in-situ biological control mainly reduces pollutants in the sediment through the life metabolic behaviors of organisms, and carries out in-situ restoration and water quality purification on the sediment. The in-situ biological treatment can directly treat and restore the sediments, does not damage the original ecological environment, and has the characteristics of good benefit of the ecological environment, low cost, good restoration effect and the like. The in-situ microbial sediment repairing technology is to utilize natural or domesticated microbes to convert and decompose various forms of phosphorus in the sediment through oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and other actions so as to reduce the pollutant content in the sediment. The sediment pollutants can be effectively removed or converted by adopting natural, artificial domestication, immobilized microorganisms and transgenic engineering bacteria. However, in practical applications, the growth of microorganisms in the bottom sediment is easily strongly influenced by various factors such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, hydraulic conditions and the like, and the microbial action may be influenced, so that the expected effect is difficult to achieve.
The invention aims to prepare a natural ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth by modifying an ecological environment-friendly natural material and mixing the modified natural material according to a certain proportion, and the natural ecological matrix material is applied to lake sediment repair engineering to effectively solve the problems of small quantity of microbes with nitrogen and phosphorus reducing functions in sediment, low nitrogen and phosphorus reducing efficiency of the sediment and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the microbial remediation effect in the lake sediment is limited, the expected effect is difficult to achieve and the like, and provides a natural ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the natural ecological matrix material for promoting the microbial film covering and growth, which gives full play to the characteristics of the natural material, is ecological and environment-friendly, and has the advantages of easy method, simple and convenient operation, capability of obviously promoting the microbial film covering and growth and the like.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the natural ecological matrix material for promoting the microbial film covering and growth in the lake sediment restoration, the method is ecological and environment-friendly, the film covering and growth rate of microbes in the sediment can be obviously improved, the problems of lack of functional bacteria such as nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like in the sediment restoration are particularly effectively solved, the internal nutrient load of the lake is favorably reduced, and the restoration of the ecological environment of the lake sediment is accelerated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
an ecological matrix material for promoting the coating and growth of microorganisms is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass (in a preferred range):
an ecological matrix material for promoting the coating and growth of microorganisms is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass (preferably in a range):
an ecological matrix material for promoting the coating and growth of microorganisms is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass (preferably in a range):
an ecotypic matrix material for promoting the coating and growth of microorganisms is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass (optimal value):
vermiculite is a clay mineral similar to montmorillonite, and is a silicate with a layered structure. The modified activated sludge has good cation exchange property and adsorptivity, and can improve the structure of the substrate sludge; the vermiculite can slowly release K, Mg, Ca, Fe and trace elements such as Mn, Cu, Zn and the like in the water body. After the vermiculite is modified, the surface is rough and porous, the porosity is increased, and the effect of slowly releasing oxygen can be achieved. The vermiculite has the surface structure, porosity, cation exchange property and chemical component characteristics, so that the vermiculite can play multiple roles of fertilizer retention, ventilation, mineral fertilizer and the like, thereby promoting the microbial film coating and growth. The Chinese vermiculite is widely distributed, mainly distributed in northern China, mainly in provinces such as Xinjiang, Hebei, inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Shanxi, Shaanxi and the like, and also distributed in provinces such as Sichuan, Henan and Hubei Gansu and the like. Can be purchased by related clay mineral development and sale enterprises.
Attapulgite is an aqueous magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral with chain layer structure. The attapulgite has the characteristics of cation exchangeability, water absorption, large specific surface area, large expansion capacity and the like. The attapulgite has the unique physical and chemical properties, and can promote the metabolism of microorganisms and improve the growth rate of the microorganisms. The feed additive has excellent adsorbability, can adsorb substrate sludge and nutritive salt in water, and simultaneously provides trace elements necessary for livestock growth to form a nutrient source for microbial growth so as to promote microbial growth. Attapulgite is distributed in Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, Liaoning, etc. of China, and can be purchased by related clay mineral development and sale enterprises.
The modified medical stone can also be used as an oxygenating agent, so that the dissolved oxygen concentration of bottom sediment and bottom water can be increased, the microenvironment of the bottom sediment can be changed, and the rough surface and the porous structure of the medical stone are favorable for microbial film coating and can further promote the growth of microorganisms. The China medical stone has extremely rich resources, is well-known and developed and applied in Shandong Mongolian Yin, inner Mongolian Neman flag, Tianjin Ji county, Liaoning Fuxin, Zhejiang Si Ming shan, Jiangxi south, Taiwan Taidong and other places, and can be purchased by related clay mineral development and sale enterprises.
At present, many studies on microbial promoters have been made, but there are only reports on natural ecotype matrix materials for promoting microbial growth. Meanwhile, most of the microbial growth promoters in the prior art are artificially synthesized promoters, so that the surface of a matrix material is difficult to be coated with a film, and the effect on a specified repair area is difficult to be achieved. And the artificially synthesized accelerant is difficult to degrade and easy to pollute the environment. The natural ecological matrix material provided by the invention has the characteristics of environmental friendliness and no secondary pollution because the raw materials are natural clay mineral materials based on the concept of 'natural origin and nature return'. The method promotes the film covering and growth of the nitrogen and phosphorus reducing functional microorganisms and is beneficial to the recovery of the ecological environment of the sediment. Under the action of a natural ecological matrix material, compared with a control group without the matrix material, the Shannon diversity index of a microbial community on the surface of the matrix is increased by more than 45%, the abundance of microorganisms is increased by more than 290%, the gene copy number of community functional genes amoA, nirK, nirS, nosZ and Anamox 16S rDNA is increased by 3-5 times, the activity of polyphosphate kinase PPK is increased by 50-60%, the functional genes participating in the processes of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus circulation and the like are increased by more than 260%, and the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter content in the surface layer (0-10cm) of bottom mud is respectively reduced by more than 40%, 35% and 60%.
According to the invention, through a large number of researches and experimental demonstration, the three materials are mixed according to a certain proportion for the first time to prepare the natural ecological matrix material, and the natural ecological matrix material is applied to the lake sediment restoration and restoration engineering. The most important of the three materials is vermiculite, which has very good cation exchange property and adsorbability and can improve the structure of bottom mud; the vermiculite can slowly release K, Mg, Ca, Fe and trace elements such as Mn, Cu, Zn and the like in the water body. The vermiculite has rough and porous surface and increased porosity, and can play a role in slowly releasing oxygen. The vermiculite has the surface structure, porosity, cation exchange property and chemical component characteristics, so that the vermiculite can play multiple roles of fertilizer retention, ventilation, mineral fertilizer and the like, thereby promoting the microbial film coating and growth.
The proportion of the vermiculite, the medical stone and the attapulgite is the most suitable proportion obtained by a large amount of experimental research and engineering application, the attapulgite has excellent adsorbability, can adsorb bottom mud and nutrient salt in water, and simultaneously provides trace elements necessary for livestock growth to form a nutrient source for microbial growth so as to promote the microbial growth. The medical stone contains various macro elements and trace elements which are beneficial to the growth of microorganisms, rare earth elements called as growth regulators and trace amino acids, and can also be used as an oxygen increasing agent, so that the dissolved oxygen concentration of bottom mud and bottom water can be increased, the microenvironment of a bottom material can be changed, and meanwhile, the rough surface and the porous structure of the medical stone are beneficial to the coating of the microorganisms, and the growth of the microorganisms can be further promoted. Therefore, the method combines the three materials in proportion, fully exerts the characteristics and advantages of the three materials, and prepares the natural ecological matrix material for promoting the microbial film covering and growth.
A preparation method of an ecotype substrate material for promoting the coating and growth of microorganisms comprises the following steps:
1) placing vermiculite in a diluted hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 1-5% for soaking for 2-3 h, washing the vermiculite with clear water to be neutral (the pH is 6.5-7.5), placing the vermiculite in a high-temperature oven, and roasting the vermiculite for 1-2 h at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ to prepare modified vermiculite for later use;
2) soaking medical stone in 1-5% by mass of dilute hydrochloric acid for 1-2 h, washing with clear water to be neutral (pH is 6.5-7.5), and drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 2-5 h to prepare modified medical stone for later use;
3) soaking attapulgite in dilute hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 2-10% for 1-2 h, washing with clear water to be neutral (pH is 6.5-7.5), placing in a microwave oven, and performing microwave modification under the condition of the power of 500-800W for 5-20 min to prepare modified attapulgite for later use;
4) the modified vermiculite, the modified medical stone and the modified attapulgite are uniformly mixed according to certain mass fractions to prepare the natural ecological matrix material.
The matrix material can play a role in improving the microenvironment of lake sediment, increasing oxygen, promoting the film covering and growth of functional microorganisms such as nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like.
Vermiculite, medical stone and attapulgite are all natural clay minerals. However, natural mineral materials may have the problems of too high acidity or alkalinity, weak ion exchange property, insufficient specific surface area, difficulty in releasing trace elements and the like, and are not easy to be directly applied to sediment microorganism repair engineering as raw materials. Through the technical measures: the most critical steps are: step 1, after vermiculite is modified, the specific surface area and the pore diameter of the vermiculite are increased, the cation exchange property and the adsorbability of the vermiculite are enhanced, and the surface structure, the porosity, the cation exchange property and the chemical component characteristics of the modified vermiculite can play multiple roles of fertilizer retention, ventilation, mineral fertilizer and the like; step 2, after the medical stone is modified, the characteristics of the medical stone, such as adsorbability, ion exchange property, surface activation degree and the like, are enhanced, so that the medical stone is easy to release various macro and trace elements which are beneficial to the growth and development of submerged plants, rare earth elements called growth regulators and trace amino acids, and the rough surface and the porous structure of the modified medical stone are beneficial to microbial film coating; and 3, after the attapulgite is modified, the cation exchangeability, the water absorption, the specific surface area and the expansion volume of the attapulgite are increased, the sediment and the nutrient salt in the water body can be adsorbed, and meanwhile, the trace elements necessary for the growth of livestock are provided to form a nutrient source for the growth of microorganisms, so that the metabolism of the microorganisms can be promoted. The method is ecological and environment-friendly, can obviously improve the film covering and growth rate of microorganisms in the sediment, particularly effectively solves the problems of lack of functional bacteria such as nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like in sediment remediation, is beneficial to reducing the internal nutrient load of lakes and accelerating the restoration of the ecological environment of the sediment of the lakes.
The main difference between the technical scheme and the prior art is as follows: at present, many studies on microbial promoters have been made, but there are only reports on natural ecotype matrix materials for promoting microbial growth. Meanwhile, most of the microbial growth promoters in the prior art are artificially synthesized promoters, so that the surface of a matrix material is difficult to be coated with a film, and the effect on a specified repair area is difficult to be achieved. And the artificially synthesized accelerant is difficult to degrade and easy to pollute the environment. The natural ecological matrix material provided by the invention has the characteristics of environmental friendliness and no secondary pollution because the raw materials are natural clay mineral materials based on the concept of 'natural origin and nature return'. The method promotes the film covering and growth of the nitrogen and phosphorus reducing functional microorganisms and is beneficial to the recovery of the ecological environment of the sediment. Under the action of a natural ecological matrix material, compared with a control group without the matrix material, the Shannon diversity index of a microbial community on the surface of the matrix is increased by more than 45%, the abundance of microorganisms is increased by more than 290%, the gene copy number of community functional genes amoA, nirK, nirS, nosZ and Anamox 16S rDNA is increased by 3-5 times, the activity of polyphosphate kinase PPK is increased by 50-60%, and the functional genes involved in the processes of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus circulation and the like are increased by more than 260%.
The application of natural ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth in lake sediment restoration comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a eutrophic lake sediment remediation area;
2) the natural ecological matrix material is uniformly spread and sprinkled into the bottom on the water surface of the lake, and the spreading thickness is 2-6 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the method is easy to implement, simple and convenient to operate, low in cost and remarkable in environmental benefit and economic benefit;
2. the matrix materials are all composed of natural clay minerals, so that the ecological environment is protected, and no secondary pollution is caused;
3. the characteristics of natural materials are fully exerted, and the film covering and growth of microorganisms can be obviously promoted.
4. The method effectively solves the problems of lack of functional bacteria such as nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like in the sediment remediation, is beneficial to reducing the internal nutrient load of the lake, and accelerates the restoration of the ecological environment of the sediment of the lake.
5 after the natural ecological matrix material is applied, compared with a control group without the matrix material, the Shannon diversity index of a microbial community on the surface of the matrix is increased by more than 45%, the abundance of microorganisms is increased by more than 290%, the gene copy number of community functional genes amoA, nirK, nirS, nosZ and Anamox 16S rDNA is increased by 3-5 times, the activity of polyphosphate kinase PPK is increased by 50-60%, the functional genes participating in the processes of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus circulation and the like are increased by more than 260%, and the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter content in the surface layer of the sediment (0-10cm) is respectively reduced by more than 40%, 35% and 60%.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the content of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
a natural ecotype substrate material for promoting microbial film covering and growth for lake sediment remediation is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
a preparation method of a natural ecotype matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth for lake sediment remediation comprises the following steps:
1) soaking vermiculite in 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 percent of dilute hydrochloric acid by mass for 2 or 3 hours, washing the vermiculite with clear water to be neutral (the pH value is 6.5 or 6.8 or 7 or 7.3 or 7.5), and roasting the vermiculite in a high-temperature oven at 300 ℃ or 350 ℃ or 400 ℃ or 450 ℃ or 500 ℃ for 1 or 2 hours to prepare modified vermiculite for later use;
2) soaking Maifanitum in diluted hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5% for 1 or 2 hr, washing with clear water to neutrality (pH of 6.5 or 6.7 or 6.9 or 7.1 or 7.3 or 7.5), oven drying at 60 deg.C or 70 deg.C or 80 deg.C for 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 hr, and making into modified Maifanitum;
3) soaking attapulgite in dilute hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 2 or 4 or 6 or 8 or 10% for 1 or 2h, washing with clear water to neutrality (pH is 6.5 or 6.7 or 6.9 or 7.1 or 7.3 or 7.5), and performing microwave modification in a microwave oven at power of 500 or 600 or 700 or 800W for 5 or 10 or 15 or 20min to obtain modified attapulgite;
4) the modified vermiculite, the modified medical stone and the modified attapulgite are mixed uniformly according to a certain mass fraction ratio to prepare the natural ecological matrix material.
The prepared matrix material can play a role in improving the microenvironment of lake sediment, increasing oxygen, promoting the film covering and growth of functional microorganisms such as nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like.
Examples 2 to 5:
a natural ecotype substrate material for promoting microbial film covering and growth for lake sediment remediation is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
In the above 2-5 embodiments, the natural ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth, which is prepared according to the above ratio, can obviously increase the dissolved oxygen at the bottom of a lake or river, and the growth promoter can play a role in increasing oxygen, improving the micro-ecological environment of the lake substrate, promoting microbial film covering and growth, and the like. The abundance of the microorganisms is increased by more than 290 percent, the Shannon diversity index of the microbial community on the surface of the substrate is increased by 51 percent, and the functional genes participating in the processes of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus circulation and the like are increased by more than 260 percent.
Example 6:
an application of an ecological matrix material in lake sediment remediation comprises the following steps:
1) the method is implemented by selecting a certain bottom mud repair area of West lake in Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province;
2) uniformly spreading the natural ecological matrix material on the water surface of the lake and spraying the natural ecological matrix material to the bottom, wherein the spreading thickness is about 4 cm;
3) after spreading for 2 months, compared with a control group without the matrix material, the abundance of the microorganisms is increased by 290%, the diversity of the microorganisms is improved by 430%, the functional genes participating in the processes of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus circulation and the like are increased by 280%, and the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matters in the surface layer of the sediment (0-10cm) are respectively reduced by 40%, 39% and 62%. Meanwhile, the water body in the restoration area is obviously improved, and the transparency of the water body is improved by 20 cm.
The method can obviously improve the film covering and growth rate of microorganisms in the bottom sediment, effectively solves the problems of lack of functional bacteria such as nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like in the bottom sediment remediation, is beneficial to reducing the endogenous nutrient load of the lake and quickening the restoration of the ecological environment of the bottom sediment of the lake.
Claims (6)
1. An ecological matrix material for promoting microbial film covering and growth is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
the preparation method of the ecotype matrix material for promoting the microbial film covering and growth comprises the following steps:
1) placing vermiculite in a dilute hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 1-5% for soaking for 2-3 h, washing the vermiculite with clear water to be neutral, wherein the pH value is 6.5-7.5, placing the vermiculite in a high-temperature oven, and roasting the vermiculite for 1-2 h at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ to prepare modified vermiculite for later use;
2) soaking medical stone in 1-5% by mass of dilute hydrochloric acid for 1-2 h, washing with clear water to be neutral, and drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 2-5 h to prepare modified medical stone for later use, wherein the pH is 6.5-7.5;
3) soaking attapulgite in dilute hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 2-10% for 1-2 h, washing with clear water to be neutral, adjusting the pH to 6.5-7.5, placing in a microwave oven, and performing microwave modification at the power of 500-800W for 5-20 min to prepare modified attapulgite for later use;
4) uniformly mixing modified vermiculite, modified medical stone and modified attapulgite according to a certain mass fraction to prepare an ecological matrix material;
the ecological matrix material for promoting the microbial film and growth is applied to the restoration of lake sediment.
2. The ecotypic substrate material for promoting microbial mulching and growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
3. the ecotypic substrate material for promoting microbial mulching and growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
4. the ecotypic substrate material for promoting microbial mulching and growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
5. the ecotypic substrate material for promoting microbial mulching and growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
6. the ecotypic substrate material for promoting microbial mulching and growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
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| CN103505939A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-01-15 | 安徽国电能源设备工程有限公司 | Medical stone filter core and preparation method thereof |
| CN108358682A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-03 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | A kind of ecological environment-friendly type submerged plant growth accelerating agent and preparation method and application |
| CN108383663A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-10 | 吴立圣 | A kind of middle micro element mineral Nutrition Soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN109369231A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-22 | 合肥智上农业开发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of biological organic complex fertilizer |
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| CN106865639A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-20 | 杭州银江环保科技有限公司 | A kind of water body and in-situ sediment remediation agent and restorative procedure |
| CN106927537A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-07 | 明光市国星凹土有限公司 | A kind of river course concave convex rod purification of water quality bag and preparation method |
| CN107262024A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-10-20 | 常州市海若纺织品有限公司 | A kind of bed mud lock phosphorus covering material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103505939A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-01-15 | 安徽国电能源设备工程有限公司 | Medical stone filter core and preparation method thereof |
| CN108358682A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-03 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | A kind of ecological environment-friendly type submerged plant growth accelerating agent and preparation method and application |
| CN108383663A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-10 | 吴立圣 | A kind of middle micro element mineral Nutrition Soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN109369231A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-22 | 合肥智上农业开发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of biological organic complex fertilizer |
| CN109438118A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 合肥智上农业开发有限公司 | A kind of ecology composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190716 Assignee: WUHAN THOUGHT OF FORGING ANEW ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contract record no.: X2023980045919 Denomination of invention: An ecological substrate material for promoting microbial film covering and growth, preparation method and application Granted publication date: 20220315 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20231108 |