CN214270636U - In-situ ecological restoration system for bottom mud in urban shallow water body - Google Patents
In-situ ecological restoration system for bottom mud in urban shallow water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN214270636U CN214270636U CN202022674495.XU CN202022674495U CN214270636U CN 214270636 U CN214270636 U CN 214270636U CN 202022674495 U CN202022674495 U CN 202022674495U CN 214270636 U CN214270636 U CN 214270636U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the field of bottom sediment ecological restoration, and relates to an in-situ ecological restoration system for bottom sediment in a shallow water body of a city, which comprises a submerged plant planting layer, an organic matter isolation layer and a micro-battery reaction layer which are sequentially laid on the bottom sediment to be restored from top to bottom; submerged plants are planted on the submerged plant planting layer. The utility model provides an in-situ ecological restoration system of sediment in urban shallow water body, which has the effects of sediment destabilization, organic matter filtration and adsorption, plant and microorganism attachment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to sediment ecological remediation field relates to an ecological remediation system of normal position of sediment in city shallow water.
Background
With the rapid development of the urbanization process, part of pollutants enter the water body and then are deposited in the bottom mud to become endogenous pollution. Because partial pollutants can be slowly released in the bottom mud, even if exogenous pollution is controlled, the endogenous polluted bottom mud still has harmfulness to the water quality of the water body. Research shows that the endogenous pollution is closely related to eutrophication of water body. Especially, when heavy metals and organic pollutants which are difficult to decompose exist in the bottom mud, the bottom mud can be enriched along with a food chain, and finally, the health of human beings is affected. Therefore, it is necessary to perform effective treatment of the bottom sludge. The in-situ treatment idea is to avoid the pollution of the sediment to the overlying water body by means of isolation, solidification, decomposition and the like, avoid the excavation of large-scale sediment and effectively save the engineering cost.
In CN101323497A, a bottom mud masking method for eutrophic water body remediation is disclosed, in which laterite, fly ash and lime are mixed and then mixed with submerged plant seeds, the mixture is planted in water, the fly ash is used for carrying out phosphorus adsorption to passivate bottom mud, and germinated submerged plants are used for removing nutrients in the water and the bottom mud. However, the survival rate of the doped seeds is low, and the fly ash contains certain heavy metals, so that secondary pollution is caused to a water body. The invention with the publication number of CN106006978A discloses a preparation and repair method of a matrix improvement material in a shallow lake with high organic matter bottom mud, which comprises the steps of adding clay, kaolin, an environment-friendly ceramic filter ball and calcium peroxide to the bottom of the lake according to a certain proportion to serve as a substrate material for the growth of submerged plants. The method effectively solves the problem that submerged plants are difficult to plant in soft high-organic-matter bottom mud, but clay is adopted to easily form a complete anaerobic environment, the anaerobic gas generated by the bottom mud is difficult to discharge, and the agglomerated bottom material floats upwards seriously, thereby causing destructive influence on the water body remediation project. The invention with the publication number of CN108483835A discloses a method for in-situ remediation of bottom sediment, which can improve partial bottom sediment at fixed points by adopting carbon fiber grass, zeolite, a phosphorus-locking agent, biochar, sand and an adhesive, and has the disadvantages of complex process, high cost and inconvenience for treating large-area water areas. The invention with the publication number of CN106865639A discloses an in-situ repairing agent and a repairing method for water and bottom mud, wherein a complexing agent and heavy metals in water are adopted to form flocculent precipitate, but the flocculant has more complex components and higher cost and has certain secondary pollution condition. The invention with the publication number of CN108101327A discloses a volcanic rock-based method for in-situ remediation of black and odorous water polluted bottom sediment, which utilizes a porous structure of volcanic rock to culture a biofilm in activated sludge in advance, then the activated sludge is added to the lake bottom, and organic matters in the bottom sediment are removed by the degradation action of microorganisms.
It can be easily found that the existing sediment in-situ remediation technology mainly centers on: the method is used for research in three aspects of isolation, flocculation or adsorption of organic matters in the bottom mud and promotion of growth of submerged plants or microorganisms. Wherein, the covering isolation means is easy to cause the local anaerobic of the substrate, and the laying of the over-thick packing layer can also influence the water volume and the local hydrodynamic force; the addition of the flocculating agent not only increases the cost, but also brings other organic matters into the water body, thus easily causing secondary pollution; the submerged plants on the surface layer of the filler have good effect on repairing the water body, but have slow effect on repairing the bottom mud.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem existing in the background art, the utility model provides an in-situ ecological restoration system of sediment in urban shallow water body, which has the effects of sediment destabilization, organic matter filtration and adsorption, plant and microorganism adhesion and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an ecological repair system of normal position of bed mud in urban shallow water, its characterized in that: the in-situ ecological restoration system for the bottom sediment in the urban shallow water body comprises a submerged plant planting layer, an organic matter isolation layer and a micro-battery reaction layer which are sequentially laid on the bottom sediment to be restored from top to bottom; submerged plants are planted on the submerged plant planting layer.
As preferred, the utility model discloses the thickness of laying of microbattery reaction layer and the thickness of waiting to restore the bed mud that adopts is directly proportional.
As preferred, the utility model discloses the thickness of laying of microbattery reaction layer that adopts is 1~1.5 cm.
Preferably, the reaction layer of the micro battery adopted by the utility model is laid by adopting iron-carbon mixture; the volume ratio of the iron filings in the iron-carbon mixture to the activated carbon particles is 2: 1.
preferably, the organic matter isolation layer adopted by the utility model is formed by laying the volcanic rock particles with the same particle size and the zeolite particles after mixing.
Preferably, the particle size of volcanic rock particles and the particle size of zeolite particles in the organic isolation layer adopted by the utility model are both 5 +/-0.5 mm.
As preferablely, the utility model discloses the thickness of laying of organic matter isolation layer that adopts is 2 0.5 cm.
Preferably, the submerged plant planting layer adopted by the utility model is formed by laying gravels with the grain diameter of 5 +/-0.5 mm; the laying thickness of the submerged plant planting layer is 1 +/-0.2 cm.
Preferably, the submerged plant adopted by the utility model is the tape grass.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model provides an ecological repair system of normal position of bed mud in urban shallow water, this ecological repair system of normal position of bed mud in urban shallow water is the three subregion that has different functions of formation of packing layer, possesses the bed mud simultaneously and takes off effects such as steady, organic matter filtration absorption, plant and microorganism are adhered to. And a microcell-Fenton-like system in the filler can spontaneously generate oxidized free radicals for a long time, so that the volume reduction and the decrement of the sediment are realized. After the reaction, ferrous ions generated by the oxidation of the simple substance iron can further form iron flocs to adsorb the micro particles, thereby improving the transparency of the water body. Submerged plants are planted on the surface of the filler layer, so that not only are nutrient substances in the water body absorbed, but also sufficient dissolved oxygen is provided for the reaction of the micro-battery. The method is low in cost, the sediment can be effectively treated for a long time after the single-time adding, the micro-battery adopts simple substance iron, and the generated ferrous ions have no secondary pollution risk to the water environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an in-situ ecological remediation system for bottom sediment in shallow water in cities;
wherein:
1-a microbattery reaction layer; 2-an organic isolation layer; 3-submerged plant planting layer; 4-submerged plants; 5-bottom mud.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides an ecological repair system of normal position of bed mud in city shallow water, the core of this system is based on the microbattery principle, utilizes strong redox ability and the super electric conductivity of carbon particle and high electron mobility of elementary substance iron promptly, forms microbattery structure at the bed material layer, and this microbattery structure takes place the type of fenton reaction with the dissolved oxygen in aquatic, constitutes a long-term microbattery-type of fenton system, and the reaction mechanism is as follows:
in the micro-battery structure, electrons migrate from elementary iron to carbon particles, and the elementary iron is oxidized into ferrous ions (Fe)2 +) In the presence of dissolved oxygen, electrons are also transferred to O2To produce H2O2By ferrous ion (Fe)2+) The oxidation-reduction cycle of (A) catalyzes the continuous generation of H from dissolved oxygen2O2，Fe2+And H produced by the system2O2Form a Fenton-like system, and finally generate an oxidizing free radical (such as. OH,
Etc.), the specific reaction mechanism is as follows:
negative electrode:
and (3) positive electrode:
Fe2++H2O2→Fe3++HO-+HO·
Fe3++H2O2→Fe2++2H++HO2·
Fe3++HO2·→Fe2++H2O2
h-e-＝h+
the oxidizing free radicals generated by the system destabilize the soft bottom mud, thereby achieving the purpose of volume reduction. Furthermore, the oxidizing free radicals remove organic matters in the substrate, so that the reduction of the substrate sludge is realized. In the process of generating oxidizing free radicals, ferrous ions with flocculation effect are generated from the elementary substance iron in the system, and the particles in the substrate are flocculated and removed. The porous filler has good nutrient substance adsorption effect and can isolate the pollution of the sediment to the overlying water body, and meanwhile, the porous filler can provide substrate conditions for the growth of submerged plants. Submerged plants are planted on the surface of the filler layer, so that sufficient oxygen can be provided for the reaction of the micro-battery while the water quality purification effect of the water body is effectively improved, and the forward proceeding of the reaction is ensured.
The utility model discloses the normal position ecological remediation system of bed mud in the city shallow water that adopts the three-layer to mix the filler, by supreme three big effects of mainly playing little battery reaction, organic matter absorption and benthophyte planting respectively down.
The lower floor adopts iron-carbon mixture (iron fillings and activated carbon particle's mixture, prior art) for microbattery reaction layer 1, the utility model discloses the iron fillings that adopt and activated carbon particle's diameter all about 5mm, wherein the volume ratio of iron fillings and activated carbon particle is 2: 1, before using, the iron filings and the active carbon particles are cleaned by clear water, then soaked by 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution to remove oxides on the surfaces of the iron filings and the active carbon particles, taken out and dried for later use. The laying thickness of the micro-battery reaction layer 1 is in a direct proportion relation with the thickness of the bottom mud, the laying thickness is 1-1.5 cm, and the layer is in direct contact with the fluffy bottom mud to form a large number of single micro-battery systems.
The middle layer is an organic matter isolating layer 2, which utilizes the good adsorption, filtration and biological adhesion effects of porous materials and aims to isolate the pollution of bottom sediment organic matters to the overlying water. It is mainly formed by mixing volcanic rock and zeolite particles, and the particle size of the layer of particles is 5 mm. The volume ratio of the mixture of the volcanic rock and the zeolite particles is adjusted according to the organic content of the bottom mud. The zeolite has good adsorption performance, generally, the bottom sediment has high nitrogen and phosphorus organic matter content, so that the proportion of the zeolite is higher; the specific surface area of the volcanic rock is large, and microorganism attachment is facilitated, so that the mixing proportion of the volcanic rock can be increased when the dissolved oxygen in water is high, and the laying thickness of the mixing layer is 2 cm.
The upper strata is submerged plant and plants layer 3, and gravel about 5mm is chooseed for use to this layer of material, lays thickness and is 1cm, has both had good water permeability, can fix submerged plant again.
The in-situ ecological restoration system for the bottom mud in the shallow water body of the city provided by the utility model will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, an in-situ ecological restoration system for bottom mud in shallow water in cities mainly comprises a micro-battery reaction layer 1, an organic matter isolation layer 2, a submerged plant planting layer 3 and submerged plants 4.
Example 1
1 thickness in microbattery reaction layer is 1cm, adopts iron-carbon mixture (iron fillings and activated carbon particle's mixture), the utility model discloses the iron fillings that adopt all about 5mm with activated carbon particle's diameter, wherein the volume ratio of iron fillings and activated carbon particle is 2: 1, before using, the iron filings and the active carbon particles are cleaned by clear water, then soaked by 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution to remove oxides on the surfaces of the iron filings and the active carbon particles, taken out and dried for later use. The organic matter isolating layer 2 is 2cm thick and is formed by mixing volcanic rock with the grain diameter of 5mm and zeolite particles, wherein the volume ratio of the volcanic rock to the zeolite is 50 percent; the submerged plant planting layer 3 is composed of gravels with the thickness of about 5mm, the laying thickness is 1cm, and the submerged plant 4 planted on the layer is tape grass.
Example 2
The thickness of the reaction layer 1 of the micro battery is 1cm, and the reaction layer is formed by mixing scrap iron subjected to acid-base surface treatment with activated carbon particles (the diameter is about 5mm), wherein 50% of the scrap iron and 50% of the activated carbon particles are in volume ratio; the organic matter isolating layer 2 is 2cm thick and is formed by mixing volcanic rock with the grain diameter of 5mm and zeolite particles, wherein the volume ratio of the volcanic rock to the zeolite is 70 percent and 30 percent; the submerged plant planting layer 3 is composed of gravels with the thickness of about 5mm, the laying thickness is 1cm, and the submerged plant 4 planted on the layer is tape grass.
Example 3
1 thickness in microbattery reaction layer is 1.5cm, adopts iron-carbon mixture (iron fillings and activated carbon particle's mixture), the utility model discloses the iron fillings that adopt and activated carbon particle's diameter all about 5mm, wherein the volume ratio of iron fillings and activated carbon particle is 2: 1, before using, the iron filings and the active carbon particles are cleaned by clear water, then soaked by 5 wt% sulfuric acid solution to remove oxides on the surfaces of the iron filings and the active carbon particles, taken out and dried for later use. The organic matter isolating layer 2 is 2cm thick and is formed by mixing volcanic rock with the grain diameter of 5mm and zeolite particles, wherein the volume ratio of the volcanic rock to the zeolite is 30 percent and 70 percent; the submerged plant planting layer 3 is composed of gravels with the thickness of about 5mm, the laying thickness is 1cm, and the submerged plant 4 planted on the layer is tape grass.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an ecological repair system of normal position of bed mud in urban shallow water, its characterized in that: the in-situ ecological restoration system for the bottom sediment in the urban shallow water body comprises a submerged plant planting layer (3), an organic matter isolation layer (2) and a micro-battery reaction layer (1) which are sequentially laid on the bottom sediment (5) to be restored from top to bottom; submerged plants (4) are planted on the submerged plant planting layer (3).
2. The in-situ ecological remediation system for sediment in shallow urban water according to claim 1, wherein: the laying thickness of the micro-battery reaction layer (1) is in direct proportion to the thickness of the bottom mud (5) to be repaired.
3. The in-situ ecological remediation system for sediment in shallow urban water according to claim 2, wherein: the laying thickness of the micro-battery reaction layer (1) is 1-1.5 cm.
4. The in-situ ecological remediation system for sediment in shallow urban water according to claim 3, wherein: the micro-battery reaction layer (1) is laid by adopting an iron-carbon mixture.
5. The in-situ ecological remediation system for bottom sediment in shallow urban water according to claim 4, wherein: the laying thickness of the organic isolating layer (2) is 2 +/-0.5 cm.
6. The in-situ ecological remediation system for sediment in shallow urban water according to claim 5, wherein: the submerged plant planting layer (3) is formed by laying gravels with the grain diameter of 5 +/-0.5 mm; the laying thickness of the submerged plant planting layer (3) is 1 +/-0.2 cm.
7. The in-situ ecological remediation system for sediment in shallow urban water according to claim 6, wherein: the submerged plant (4) is tape grass.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114375821A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-22 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Submerged plant planting device and polluted bottom mud repairing method |
| CN115072951A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-20 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for in-situ strengthening ecological restoration of river sediment |
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2020
- 2020-11-18 CN CN202022674495.XU patent/CN214270636U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114375821A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-22 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Submerged plant planting device and polluted bottom mud repairing method |
| CN115072951A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-20 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for in-situ strengthening ecological restoration of river sediment |
| CN115072951B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-10-20 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for in-situ reinforcement of ecological restoration of river sediment |
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