CN110014652B - Uniform high-temperature preheating structure and method for powder in closed cavity - Google Patents
Uniform high-temperature preheating structure and method for powder in closed cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110014652B CN110014652B CN201910398858.0A CN201910398858A CN110014652B CN 110014652 B CN110014652 B CN 110014652B CN 201910398858 A CN201910398858 A CN 201910398858A CN 110014652 B CN110014652 B CN 110014652B
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009700 powder processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a uniform high-temperature preheating structure and a method for powder in a closed cavity, wherein the uniform high-temperature preheating structure for powder in the closed cavity comprises the following components: the fixing seat unit and the high-temperature radiation heating unit; the high-temperature radiation heating unit comprises a radiation heating shell and can move left and right; the left side of the radiation heating shell is hinged with a left radiation heating component, and the right side is hinged with a right radiation heating component; the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component are symmetrically arranged left and right and can rotate relative to the radiation heating shell, so that the radiation range is adjusted. The advantages are that: 1) The height, the left and right positions and the power of the heating structure can be adjusted according to the heating requirement, so that the heating device is convenient to use and wide in application range; 2) The disassembly of the heating unit structure can be performed according to the requirement of the heating rate; 3) The heating control is simple, and the efficiency is high; 4) The metal powder is directly preheated from the upper part of the metal powder, and the preheating is uniform and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing and sintering forming, and particularly relates to a uniform high-temperature preheating structure and method for powder in a closed cavity.
Background
The 3D printing technology, known in the industry as additive manufacturing technology, has earlier been in the form of laser selective sintering of polymeric powder materials as a general artistic model and prototype. With the development of material science, novel high-performance polymer materials appear, and a foundation is laid for expanding the application field of the high-polymer laser 3D printer.
The high polymer powder laser sintering 3D printing equipment needs a heating device to preheat surface layer powder, if the glass transition temperature of the high polymer material to be printed and formed is higher, and the forming warping phenomenon is not generated in the printing process, the preheating temperature of the heating device to the powder is close to the glass transition temperature of the material, and before the powder is sintered, the higher the preheating temperature is, the more uniform the sintering temperature field is, and the better the forming effect is. When the glass transition temperature of the powder material is too high, the higher the thermal efficiency requirements of the preheating device, such as PEEK materials, the higher the melting point of 340 c, generally requiring a preheating temperature in excess of 300 c, which must be accomplished in a short time or else powder burn-out and excessive bonding may easily occur. This clearly places high demands on the construction of the heating device.
In the prior art, most of the methods for heating the bottom of a substrate are adopted, namely: powder is paved on the upper surface of the base material through a powder paving device; then, the heating device is started to preheat the base material, and heat of the base material is upwards transferred to the powder, so that the powder paved on the base material is preheated, and the preheating effect of the powder is achieved. This approach has the following disadvantages: fix heating device in the substrate lower part, the heat upwards conducts and preheats substrate and the powder that the substrate laid, although can preheat substrate and the powder that the substrate laid at the initial stage of printing, along with the promotion of printing the height, namely: along with the continuous improvement of the number of powder molding layers, the distance between the heating device and the powder processing surface is continuously increased, and the powder on the processing surface is difficult to effectively preheat. Therefore, how to design a heating device capable of effectively preheating powder is a key of the high-melting polymer laser 3D printing device.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a uniform high-temperature preheating structure and method for powder in a closed cavity, which can effectively solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a uniform high-temperature preheating structure for powder in a closed cavity, which comprises the following components: a holder unit (100) and a high-temperature radiation heating unit (200);
The fixed seat unit (100) is fixedly hung at the top of the closed cavity and comprises a fixed seat body (101), and a laser emitting hole (102) is formed in the center of the fixed seat body (101); the fixing seat body (101) is provided with four supporting legs, each supporting leg is of a rectangular rack structure, and each supporting leg is respectively a left front supporting leg (103), a left rear supporting leg (104), a right front supporting leg (105) and a right rear supporting leg (106); a left slideway (107) is arranged on the left front supporting leg (103) and the left rear supporting leg (104) in a lifting manner; a right slideway (108) is arranged on the right front supporting leg (105) and the right rear supporting leg (106) in a lifting manner;
The high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) comprises a radiation heating shell (201), wherein the central area of the radiation heating shell (201) is an opening (202) communicated with the laser emitting hole (102); a left guide rail (203) is arranged on the left side of the top of the radiation heating shell (201), and a right guide rail (204) is arranged on the right side of the top of the radiation heating shell; the left guide rail (203) is in sliding connection with the left slideway (107); the right guide rail (204) is in sliding connection with the right slideway (108), so that the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) can move left and right; the left side of the radiation heating shell (201) is hinged with a left radiation heating component, and the right side is hinged with a right radiation heating component; the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component are symmetrically arranged left and right and can rotate relative to the radiation heating shell (201) so as to adjust the radiation range; a horizontal first infrared radiator (208) is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the radiation heating shell (201), and a first infrared reflecting plate (209) is arranged below the first infrared radiator (208); the first infrared radiator (208) emits infrared rays downwards, and emits the infrared rays from above after being reflected by the first infrared reflecting plate (209).
Preferably, the left radiant heating unit and the right radiant heating unit each include: a ceramic insulation block (205) and a radiant heating chamber; the ceramic insulation block (205) is located outside the radiant heating cavity; the inner wall of the radiation heating cavity is provided with a second infrared reflecting plate (206), a plurality of second infrared radiators (207) are equidistantly arranged in the radiation heating cavity, and the second infrared radiators (207) emit infrared rays from powder on a printing substrate positioned below the second infrared radiators.
Preferably, the radiation adjustment range of the left radiation heating part and the right radiation heating part is ±25 ℃.
Preferably, the distance between the second infrared radiators (207) is 15 mm-25 mm.
Preferably, the distance between the bottom surface of the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) and the printing substrate is 150 mm-250 mm.
The invention also provides a preheating method of the uniform high-temperature preheating structure of the powder in the closed cavity, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hanging a powder uniform high-temperature preheating structure in a closed cavity right above the center of a 3D printing working cavity; the fixing base unit (100) is locked and fixed with the top of the 3D printing working cavity;
Step 2, initially, adjusting the height of a high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) along a rectangular rack structure to a set height value; according to the area range of the metal powder pre-paved on the surface of the base material, the radiation angles of the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component are adjusted, so that the radiation heat of the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component uniformly acts on the metal powder;
Step 3, then, metal powder is paved on the surface of the substrate, and the heating temperature is set according to the property of the metal powder, so that the emission power of each first infrared radiator (208) and each second infrared radiator (207) is controlled; the first infrared radiator (208) and the second infrared radiator (207) preheat the metal powder;
In particular, the infrared rays emitted by the first infrared radiator (208) and the second infrared radiator (207) do not directly act on the metal powder; for the first infrared radiator (208), infrared rays emitted by the first infrared radiator directly act on the first infrared reflecting plate (209) and are reflected upwards through the first infrared reflecting plate (209); but preheating the metal powder by transferring heat to the metal powder due to the first infrared reflection plate (209) being heated; similarly, for each second infrared radiator (207), the infrared rays emitted therefrom directly act on the second infrared reflecting plate (206) and are reflected upward via the second infrared reflecting plate (206); but preheating the metal powder by transferring heat to the metal powder due to the second infrared reflection plate (206) being heated;
in addition, in the process of preheating the metal powder by the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200), the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) is pushed to slide left and right along the slideway of the fixed seat unit (100) at a uniform speed, so that the metal powder is uniformly preheated;
Step 4, after the preheating time reaches the set time, performing 3D printing forming;
When the printing of the layer is finished, after powder spreading is performed again, the height of the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) is adjusted along the rectangular rack structure to enable the high-temperature radiation heating unit to rise, so that the distance between the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) and the uppermost layer powder spreading is kept unchanged, and the uniform high-temperature powder preheating process in the cavity is circularly executed.
The uniform high-temperature preheating structure and method for the powder in the closed cavity provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1) The height, the left and right positions and the power of the heating structure can be adjusted according to the heating requirement, so that the heating device is convenient to use and wide in application range;
2) The disassembly of the heating unit structure can be performed according to the requirement of the heating rate;
3) The heating control is simple, and the efficiency is high;
4) The metal powder is directly preheated from the upper part of the metal powder, and the preheating is uniform and high in efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a uniform high temperature preheating structure for powder in a closed cavity provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a powder uniform high temperature preheating structure in a closed cavity provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is a plan view of the arrangement of the second infrared radiator according to the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a uniform high-temperature preheating structure for powder in a closed cavity, belongs to the field of 3D printing, sintering and forming of polymer powder, mainly solves the problem of local rapid high-temperature heating in a closed environment, and is flexible and adjustable in heating height and position and convenient to use.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the uniform high temperature preheating structure of powder in a closed cavity includes: a holder unit 100 and a high-temperature radiation heating unit 200;
the fixed seat unit 100 is fixedly hung at the top of the closed cavity and comprises a fixed seat body 101, and a laser output hole 102 is formed in the center of the fixed seat body 101; the fixing seat body 101 is provided with four supporting legs, each supporting leg is of a rectangular rack structure, and the supporting legs are a left front supporting leg 103, a left rear supporting leg 104, a right front supporting leg 105 and a right rear supporting leg 106 respectively; a left slideway 107 is arranged on the left front supporting leg 103 and the left rear supporting leg 104 in a lifting manner; a right slideway 108 is arranged on the right front supporting leg 105 and the right rear supporting leg 106 in a lifting manner; referring to fig. 1, the specific lifting manner is as follows: the slide way is lifted to a required height position along the rectangular rack structure, and then is locked by a locking screw.
The high-temperature radiation heating unit 200 comprises a radiation heating housing 201, wherein a central area of the radiation heating housing 201 is an opening 202 communicated with the laser outlet hole 102; a left guide rail 203 is arranged on the left side of the top of the radiation heating shell 201, and a right guide rail 204 is arranged on the right side; the left guide rail 203 is in sliding connection with the left slideway 107; the right guide rail 204 is slidably connected with the right slideway 108, so that the high-temperature radiation heating unit 200 can move left and right; the left side of the radiation heating shell 201 is hinged with a left radiation heating component, and the right side is hinged with a right radiation heating component; the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component are symmetrically arranged left and right and can rotate relative to the radiation heating shell 201 so as to adjust the radiation range; the front side and the rear side of the radiation heating housing 201 are respectively provided with a horizontal first infrared radiator 208, and a first infrared reflecting plate 209 is installed below the first infrared radiator 208; the first infrared radiator 208 emits infrared rays downward and emits the same from above after being reflected by the first infrared reflection plate 209.
The left radiant heating unit and the right radiant heating unit each include: ceramic insulation block 205 and radiant heating chamber; ceramic insulation blocks 205 are used for insulation. The ceramic insulation block 205 is located outside the radiant heating chamber; the second infrared reflecting plate 206 is disposed on the inner wall of the radiant heating chamber, and a plurality of second infrared radiators 207 are installed in the radiant heating chamber at equal intervals, and the second infrared radiators 207 emit infrared rays from the powder on the printing substrate located therebelow.
One specific embodiment is described below:
The overall layout of the powder uniform high-temperature preheating structure in the closed cavity is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen that the heating structure mainly comprises an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a fixing seat unit 100, namely: the part above the movable handle 210 is a mounting matching part with the top of the printer cavity, wherein 211 is a limit stop; 212 is a distribution box; the lower part is a high temperature radiant heating unit 200. The main structure of the upper part is a hanging connection plate, a round laser emitting hole 102 is reserved in the middle for emitting laser, and a rectangular rack for adjusting the height of the heater is further arranged.
The lower part is mainly a high-temperature radiation heating unit 200, and mainly comprises an arrangement structure of a guide rail and a heater, wherein the guide rail mainly has the function of conveniently adjusting the left and right movement of the heater. The installation and adjustment of the structure are simpler, the upper part is locked with the top end of the cavity through the connecting plate by adopting threads, then the heating structure at the lower part is pushed in place through the guide rail, and the height adjustment is carried out through the rectangular rack.
The overall height of the superstructure is dependent on the path height of the laser within the closed cavity; the lower structure is designed mainly according to the following requirements:
1) The power of the heating pipe (i.e. infrared radiator) is 400w-1000w
2) The absorptivity of the powder material to the heat radiation with specific wavelength is 10% -30%
3) The heating radiation area is 300mm multiplied by 450mm
4) Heating rate
The geometry of the substructure is thus designed as shown in fig. 2:
1) The projection of the arranged lamp tubes on the radiation area is 20-30mm away from the rectangular edge of the heating total area
2) The actual spacing of the heating lamps is: 15mm-25mm
3) Elevation angle range of the two-wing heating lamp: 25-40 DEG
4) The heating height is as follows: 150mm-250mm.
In the heating process, according to the thermal performance parameters of the heated material and the target temperature to be heated, the heating power of the heating lamp can be specifically controlled, and in order to keep heating near the target temperature, the heating lamp can set the heating temperature for detection and perform opening and closing actions near the heating target temperature.
The invention also provides a preheating method of the uniform high-temperature preheating structure of the powder in the closed cavity, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hanging a powder uniform high-temperature preheating structure in a closed cavity right above the center of a 3D printing working cavity; the fixing base unit 100 is locked and fixed with the top of the 3D printing working cavity;
step 2, initially, adjusting the height of the high-temperature radiation heating unit 200 along the rectangular rack structure to a set height value; according to the area range of the metal powder pre-paved on the surface of the base material, the radiation angles of the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component are adjusted, so that the radiation heat of the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component uniformly acts on the metal powder;
Step 3, then, metal powder is paved on the surface of the substrate, and the heating temperature is set according to the property of the metal powder, so that the emission power of each first infrared radiator 208 and each second infrared radiator 207 is controlled; the first infrared radiator 208 and the second infrared radiator 207 preheat the metal powder;
Specifically, the infrared rays emitted from the first infrared radiator 208 and the second infrared radiator 207 do not directly act on the metal powder; for the first infrared radiator 208, the emitted infrared rays directly act on the first infrared reflecting plate 209 and are reflected upward through the first infrared reflecting plate 209; but preheats the metal powder by transferring heat to the metal powder due to the first infrared reflection plate 209 being heated; similarly, for each of the second infrared radiators 207, the infrared rays emitted therefrom directly act on the second infrared reflecting plate 206 and are reflected upward via the second infrared reflecting plate 206; but preheats the metal powder by transferring heat to the metal powder due to the second infrared reflection plate 206 being heated;
in addition, in the process of preheating the metal powder by the high-temperature radiation heating unit 200, the high-temperature radiation heating unit 200 is pushed to slide left and right at a uniform speed along the slideway of the fixing seat unit 100, so that the metal powder is uniformly preheated;
Step 4, after the preheating time reaches the set time, performing 3D printing forming;
when the printing of the layer is finished, after powder spreading is performed again, the height of the high-temperature radiation heating unit 200 is adjusted along the rectangular rack structure to enable the high-temperature radiation heating unit to ascend, so that the distance between the high-temperature radiation heating unit 200 and the uppermost layer powder spreading is kept unchanged, and the uniform high-temperature powder preheating process in the cavity is circularly executed.
The uniform high-temperature preheating structure and method for the powder in the closed cavity provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1) The height, the left and right positions and the power of the heating structure can be adjusted according to the heating requirement, so that the heating device is convenient to use and wide in application range;
2) The disassembly of the heating unit structure can be performed according to the requirement of the heating rate;
3) The heating control is simple, and the efficiency is high;
4) The metal powder is directly preheated from the upper part of the metal powder, and the preheating is uniform and high in efficiency.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which is also intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The preheating method of the uniform high-temperature preheating structure for the powder in the closed cavity is characterized in that the uniform high-temperature preheating structure for the powder in the closed cavity comprises the following steps: a holder unit (100) and a high-temperature radiation heating unit (200);
The fixed seat unit (100) is fixedly hung at the top of the closed cavity and comprises a fixed seat body (101), and a laser emitting hole (102) is formed in the center of the fixed seat body (101); the fixing seat body (101) is provided with four supporting legs, each supporting leg is of a rectangular rack structure, and each supporting leg is respectively a left front supporting leg (103), a left rear supporting leg (104), a right front supporting leg (105) and a right rear supporting leg (106); a left slideway (107) is arranged on the left front supporting leg (103) and the left rear supporting leg (104) in a lifting manner; a right slideway (108) is arranged on the right front supporting leg (105) and the right rear supporting leg (106) in a lifting manner;
The high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) comprises a radiation heating shell (201), wherein the central area of the radiation heating shell (201) is an opening (202) communicated with the laser emitting hole (102); a left guide rail (203) is arranged on the left side of the top of the radiation heating shell (201), and a right guide rail (204) is arranged on the right side of the top of the radiation heating shell; the left guide rail (203) is in sliding connection with the left slideway (107); the right guide rail (204) is in sliding connection with the right slideway (108), so that the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) can move left and right; the left side of the radiation heating shell (201) is hinged with a left radiation heating component, and the right side is hinged with a right radiation heating component; the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component are symmetrically arranged left and right and can rotate relative to the radiation heating shell (201) so as to adjust the radiation range; a horizontal first infrared radiator (208) is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the radiation heating shell (201), and a first infrared reflecting plate (209) is arranged below the first infrared radiator (208); the first infrared radiator (208) emits infrared rays downwards, and emits the infrared rays from the upper side after being reflected by the first infrared reflecting plate (209);
the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hanging a powder uniform high-temperature preheating structure in a closed cavity right above the center of a 3D printing working cavity; the fixing base unit (100) is locked and fixed with the top of the 3D printing working cavity;
Step 2, initially, adjusting the height of a high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) along a rectangular rack structure to a set height value; according to the area range of the metal powder pre-paved on the surface of the base material, the radiation angles of the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component are adjusted, so that the radiation heat of the left radiation heating component and the right radiation heating component uniformly acts on the metal powder;
Step 3, then, metal powder is paved on the surface of the substrate, and the heating temperature is set according to the property of the metal powder, so that the emission power of each first infrared radiator (208) and each second infrared radiator (207) is controlled; the first infrared radiator (208) and the second infrared radiator (207) preheat the metal powder;
In particular, the infrared rays emitted by the first infrared radiator (208) and the second infrared radiator (207) do not directly act on the metal powder; for the first infrared radiator (208), infrared rays emitted by the first infrared radiator directly act on the first infrared reflecting plate (209) and are reflected upwards through the first infrared reflecting plate (209); but preheating the metal powder by transferring heat to the metal powder due to the first infrared reflection plate (209) being heated; similarly, for each second infrared radiator (207), the infrared rays emitted therefrom directly act on the second infrared reflecting plate (206) and are reflected upward via the second infrared reflecting plate (206); but preheating the metal powder by transferring heat to the metal powder due to the second infrared reflection plate (206) being heated;
in addition, in the process of preheating the metal powder by the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200), the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) is pushed to slide left and right along the slideway of the fixed seat unit (100) at a uniform speed, so that the metal powder is uniformly preheated;
Step 4, after the preheating time reaches the set time, performing 3D printing forming;
When the printing of the layer is finished, after powder spreading is performed again, the height of the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) is adjusted along the rectangular rack structure to enable the high-temperature radiation heating unit to rise, so that the distance between the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) and the uppermost layer powder spreading is kept unchanged, and the uniform high-temperature powder preheating process in the cavity is circularly executed.
2. The preheating method of a uniform high temperature preheating structure for powder in a closed cavity according to claim 1, wherein the left and right radiation heating parts each comprise: a ceramic insulation block (205) and a radiant heating chamber; the ceramic insulation block (205) is located outside the radiant heating cavity; the inner wall of the radiation heating cavity is provided with a second infrared reflecting plate (206), a plurality of second infrared radiators (207) are equidistantly arranged in the radiation heating cavity, and the second infrared radiators (207) emit infrared rays from powder on a printing substrate positioned below the second infrared radiators.
3. The preheating method of the uniform high-temperature preheating structure for powder in a closed cavity according to claim 2, wherein the radiation adjustment range of the left radiation heating means and the right radiation heating means is ±25 ℃.
4. The preheating arrangement of a uniform high temperature preheating structure for powders in a closed cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that the spacing of the second infrared radiators (207) is 15 mm-25 mm.
5. The preheating method of the uniform high-temperature preheating structure for powder in a closed cavity according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the bottom surface of the high-temperature radiation heating unit (200) to the printing substrate is 150mm to 250mm.
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