CN110013363A - 一种高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/4241—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes for hands, e.g. fingers
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/42—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes
- A61F2/4241—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes for hands, e.g. fingers
- A61F2002/4251—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes for hands, e.g. fingers for metacarpo-phalangeal joints, i.e. MCP or MP joints, e.g. knuckle joints
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,所述的半指关节置换件包括关节本体(1)和髓内连接体(2),其特征在于所述的关节本体(1)为按人体生物力学设计的仿生指关节部件,所述的关节本体(1)之底端设置髓内连接体(2),所述的髓内连接体(2)为分体组合式椎形结构,关节本体(1)顶面为关节面结构(8)。本发明基于人体生物力学原理,开发的仿生掌指关节置换部件的适形性更好,关节本体底端与髓内部分结合更牢固,关节面部分更符合人体生理解剖。本发明更符合人体生物力学结构,机械配合性好,成本低廉,临床适用性好,患者的术后功能恢复良好,无论是初始稳定还是远期稳定均明显提高,安全使用期大为延长。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于骨科器械技术领域,具体涉及一种结构合理、配装简便的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件。
背景技术
人们在日常生产与生活过程,难免会受到意外造成手掌骨及指骨骨折,或者因为类风湿等疾病导致手掌指关节活动受限,甚至失去正常的生理功能。最好的改善掌指关节功能的治疗方式就是人工假体进行关节置换,但是,用现有假体进行置换,不仅初始稳定性不好,而且骨长入不好导致长期稳定性也不好。用现有假体置换术后进行长期随访,前述弊端更加凸显出来,所以仍未设计出一种成熟的掌指关节假体。究其原因在于假体关节面的适形性差,结合面的连接结构不合理,髓内部分稳定性差,导致上述不良效果的发生。本发明人针对现有技术之不足,开发更符合人体生物力学结构,机械配合性好,成本低廉,适形性好且耐固接的仿生指关节置换部件,代替现有技术之假体,是克服现有技术缺陷的有效方式。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种更符合人体生物力学结构,机械配合性好,成本低廉的高灵活度仿生掌指关节置换件。
本发明的目的是这样实现的,所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件包括关节本体和髓内连接体,所述的关节本体为按人体生物力学设计的仿生指关节部件,所述的关节本体之底端设置髓内连接体,所述的髓内连接体为分体组合式椎形结构,关节本体顶面为关节面结构。
本发明基于人体生物力学原理,开发的仿生掌指关节置换部件的适形性更好,结合面与截骨面结合更牢固。本发明更符合人体生物力学结构,机械配合性好,成本低廉,临床适用性好,患者的术后功能恢复良好,安全使用期大为延长。
附图说明
图1为本发明整体结构示意图;
图2为图1之左视图;
图中标号:1~关节本体,2~髓内连接体,3~扩张体,4~扩张推杆,5~扩张导槽,6~助推板,7~关节本体中心螺孔,8~关节面结构,11~固定倒刺,12~推力螺纹。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明,但不以任何方式对本发明加以限制,基于本发明教导所作的任何变换或置换,均属于本发明的保护范围。
如附图1~2所示,本发明所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件包括关节本体1和髓内连接体2,所述的关节本体1为按人体生物力学设计的仿生指关节部件,所述的关节本体1之底端设置髓内连接体2,所述的髓内连接体2为分体组合式椎形结构,关节本体1顶面为关节面结构8。
所述的关节本体1顶面之关节面结构8为圆弧形,呈前后弧形拱面,左右平直。
所述的关节本体1顶面之关节面结构8为单曲弧面隆脊形。
所述的关节本体1顶面之关节面结构8为单曲弧面隆脊形,且圆弧曲率半径为4-12mm。
所述的关节面结构8为单曲弧面隆脊形,且其圆弧曲率半径为5~7mm。
所述的关节本体1轴向设置螺孔,其中设置螺孔配合的助推板6;助推板6中心设置卡槽,并配合设置有扩张推杆4,扩张推杆4下段与扩张体3螺纹配合。
所述的髓内连接体2之分体组合式椎形结构呈对称的内导槽结构,所述的扩张导槽5与扩张体3滑动配合。
所述的髓内连接体2之内导槽结构整体呈近端宽远端窄的锥形结构,且与梯形结构扩张体3工作配合。
所述的关节本体1轴向设置螺孔并与助推板6配合;助推板6中心设置有扩张推杆4配合的螺孔,扩张推杆4下段与扩张体3卡接配合。
所述的扩张体3呈近端宽远端窄的梯形,其锥角为3~20°。
所述的髓内连接体2之锥体末段外侧设置固定倒刺11。
所述的关节本体1表面设置纯钛涂层,且经过抛光处理;所述的髓内连接体2由镍钛记忆合金制作。
本发明工作原理和工作过程:
本发明基于人体生物力学原理,使得仿生掌指关节置换部件之整体及配合面更符合原骨结构特征,同时保证置换部件与截骨端结合更牢固,初始稳定性更好,更便于骨生长,保持部件固接的长期稳定与牢固,减少患者的痛苦。
对于指关节骨折缺损或风湿病患者,使用本发明置换部件时,首先选配合适的型号,尤其针对手掌指关节进行配型。将创面进行修复,反复修正、适配,首先调节髓内连接体内的扩张推杆,使扩张块后退,髓内连接体之前锥体收缩,以便放入骨髓腔内,并与骨髓腔充分贴合后,再次调节髓内的扩张推杆,将扩张块向里推,使得锥体向两侧扩张以达到进一步与骨髓腔内面牢固贴合,利用远端的固定刺置换件与髓腔内壁紧密贴合,防止向外拔出的作用。本置换件应用于掌指关节假体掌骨侧置换。
如术后需要更换本置换件,只需要调节扩张推杆4将扩张块3退出,锥体收缩,置换件可从髓腔内取出,更换新的置换件。使用另一种实施方式时,扩张推杆4与扩张块3是卡接配合的,只要逆时针旋转扩张推杆4即可将扩张块拉出。如果扩张推杆4与扩张块3是顶接配合,旋松后退扩张推杆4亦可使扩张块退出。
本发明为掌指关节置换部件单部件结构,既可以作为近端掌侧部分置换件,也可以作为远端指骨部分置换件,同时使用时,两者之间加聚乙烯材质的关节垫,并通过限位桩卡接配合。若单独作为近端或远端置换件使用,则不需要关节垫,使用时直接去除限位桩。
Claims (10)
1.一种高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,包括关节本体(1)和髓内连接体(2),其特征在于所述的关节本体(1)为按人体生物力学设计的仿生指关节部件,所述的关节本体(1)之底端设置髓内连接体(2),所述的髓内连接体(2)为分体组合式椎形结构,关节本体(1)顶面为关节面结构(8)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的关节本体(1)顶面之关节面结构(8)为圆弧形,呈前后弧形拱面,左右平直。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的关节本体(1)顶面之关节面结构(8)为单曲弧面隆脊形。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的关节本体(1)顶面之关节面结构(8)为单曲弧面隆脊形,且圆弧曲率半径为4-12mm。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的关节本体(1)轴向设置螺孔,其中设置螺孔配合的助推板(6);助推板(6)中心设置卡槽,并配合设置有扩张推杆(4),扩张推杆(4)下段与扩张体(3)螺纹配合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的髓内连接体(2)之分体组合式椎形结构呈对称的内导槽结构,所述的扩张导槽(5)与扩张体(3)滑动配合。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的髓内连接体(2)之内导槽结构整体呈近端宽远端窄的锥形结构,且与梯形结构扩张体(3)工作配合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的扩张体(3)呈近端宽远端窄的梯形,其锥角为3~20°。
9.根据权利要求1或6所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的髓内连接体(2)之锥体末段外侧设置固定倒刺(11)。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的高灵活度仿生半指关节置换件,其特征在于所述的关节本体(1)表面设置纯钛涂层,且经过抛光处理:所述的髓内连接体(2)由镍钛记忆合金制作。
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CN110013362A (zh) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-16 | 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九二〇医院 | 一种高灵活度仿生全指关节置换件 |
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