CN110011639A - 具有高通滤波器的电路 - Google Patents
具有高通滤波器的电路 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明实施例提供了一种电路,具有滤波器和放大器,用于对输入信号进行滤波和放大,其中该滤波器的转角频率可调整以控制该输出信号的建立时间。由于该滤波器的转角频率可调整,因此当该电路开始处理音频信号时,可以控制该滤波器具有较高的转角频率以增加音频信号的建立时间,然后控制该滤波器具有较低的转角频率以保证该音频信号的处理性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电路,尤其涉及一种具有高通滤波器的电路,其中该高通滤波器具有可变的转角频率(corner frequency)。
背景技术
音频延迟是音频信号通过系统时的延迟时间。许多类的应用依靠短的延迟来实现实时音效,特别是当设备开始接收和记录音频信号时。通过在电路设计中使用特定的电阻和电容可以缩短音频延迟。但是,这些设计一般会恶化音频数据记录性能。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明实施例提供了一种电路。
本发明实施例提供了一种电路,包括输入级,该输入级包括:可变电阻,用于接收输入信号以产生第一信号;以及放大器,具有反馈电阻,用于放大该第一信号以产生输出信号;其中,在第一模式中,该可变电阻被控制为具有第一阻值以增加该输出信号的建立时间,以及在第二模式中,该可变电阻被控制为具有大于该第一阻值的第二阻值。
其中,当该输入级开始处理该输入信号时,该输入级操作于该第一模式,然后该输入级操作于该第二模式。
其中,该反馈电阻为可变反馈电阻,以及在该第一模式中,该可变反馈电阻被控制为具有第三阻值;以及在该第二模式中,该可变反馈电阻被控制为具有大于该第三阻值的第四阻值。
其中,该输入级为芯片的输入级,该输入信号经由电容输至该芯片的接垫,该可变电阻直接从该接垫接收该输入信号;其中,该可变电阻与该电容一起形成高通滤波器,通过控制该可变电阻为不同的阻值以控制该高通滤波器具有不同的转角频率;其中,在该第一模式中的该高通滤波器具有比该第二模式中的该高通滤波器更高的转角频率。
其中,该输入信号为来自麦克风的音频信号,当该电路开始接收和处理该音频信号时,该高通滤波器在该第一模式中并且该高通滤波器的转角频率被调整为增加该输出信号的建立时间。
本发明实施例提供了一种电路,包括输入级,该输入级包括:输入电容,用于接收输入信号以产生第一信号;以及放大器,具有反馈电阻和反馈电容,用于放大该第一信号以产生输出信号,其中该反馈电阻为可变反馈电阻,或者该反馈电容为可变反馈电容;其中,在第一模式中,该反馈电阻或者该反馈电容被控制为具有第一阻值/第一容值以增加该输出信号的建立时间,以及在第二模式中,该反馈电阻或该反馈电容被控制为具有大于该第一阻值/第一容值的第二阻值/第二容值。
其中,当该输入级开始处理该输入信号时,该输入级操作于该第一模式,然后该输入级操作于该第二模式。
其中,该反馈电阻由受时钟信号控制的开关电容来实现,通过控制该时钟信号的频率来控制该反馈电阻的阻值。
其中,该输入级为芯片的输入级,该输入信号输至该芯片的接垫,该输入电容直接从该接垫接收该输入信号;其中,该反馈电阻和该反馈电容一起形成高通滤波器,通过控制该反馈电阻为不同的阻值或者控制该反馈电容为不同的容值以控制该高通滤波器具有不同的转角频率;其中,在该第一模式中的该高通滤波器具有比该第二模式中的该高通滤波器更高的转角频率。
其中,该输入信号为来自麦克风的音频信号,当该电路开始接收和处理该音频信号时,该高通滤波器在该第一模式中并且该高通滤波器的转角频率被调整为增加该输出信号的建立时间。
本发明实施例提供了一种电路,包括:滤波器,用于对输入信号进行滤波以产生滤波后的输入信号;放大器,用于放大该滤波后的输入信号以产生输出信号;其中,该滤波器的转角频率可调整以控制该输出信号的建立时间。
其中,该滤波器为高通滤波器,当该电路开始处理该输入信号时,该滤波器被控制为具有第一转角频率以增加该建立时间,然后该滤波器被控制为低于该第一转角频率的第二转角频率。
其中,该滤波器包括:串联的电容和可变电阻,该电容用于接收该输入信号,该可变电阻被控制为具有不同的阻值以调整该滤波器转角频率。
其中,该放大电路具有可变反馈电阻,当该可变电阻被控制为具有第一阻值时,该可变反馈电阻被控制为具有第三阻值,当该可变电阻被控制为具有大于该第一阻值的第二阻值时,该可变反馈电阻被控制为具有大于该第三阻值的第四阻值。
其中,该输入信号为音频信号,当该电路开始接收和处理该音频信号时,该滤波器的转角频率被调整为具有第一值以增加该输出信号的建立时间,当该音频信号稳定后,该滤波器的转角频率被调整为具有小于该第一值的第二值。
本发明实施例提供了一种电路,包括:带滤波器的放大器,用于对输入信号进行滤波和放大,以产生输出信号,其中该滤波器连接在该放大器的输入端和输出端之间;其中,该滤波器的转角频率可调整以控制该输出信号的建立时间。
其中,该滤波器包括:并联的反馈电阻和反馈电阻;其中,该反馈电阻为可变反馈电阻,或,该反馈电容为可变反馈电容;通过控制该反馈电阻的阻值或者控制该反馈电容的容值以调整该滤波器的转角频率。
其中,该输入信号为音频信号,当该电路开始接收和处理该音频信号时,该滤波器的转角频率被调整为具有第一值以增加该输出信号的建立时间,当该音频信号稳定后,该滤波器的转角频率被调整为具有小于该第一值的第二值。
本发明实施例的有益效果是:
本发明实施例的电路在处理音频信号时,能够使得音频信号具有短的音频延迟并且不会影响数据记录性能。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明一个实施例的电路的结构示意图;
图2为根据本发明一个实施例的电路的两个模式的频率响应的示意图;
图3为根据本发明一个实施例的当电路开始处理输入信号时可变电阻和可变反馈电阻的控制示意图;
图4为根据本发明另一个实施例的当电路稳定时可变电阻和可变反馈电阻的控制示意图;
图5为根据本发明另一个实施例的电路的结构示意图;
图6为根据本发明一个实施例的可变反馈电阻的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
在说明书及权利要求当中使用了某些词汇来指称特定的元件。本领域技术人员应可理解,电子装置制造商可能会用不同的名词来称呼同一个元件。本说明书及权利要求并不以名称的差异来作为区分元件的方式,而是以元件在功能上的差异来作为区分的准则。在通篇说明书及权利要求当中所提及的包含为一开放式的用语,故应解释成包含但不限定于。此外,耦接一词在此包含任何直接及间接的电气连接手段。因此,若文中描述第一装置耦接到第二装置,则代表该第一装置可直接电气连接于该第二装置,或通过其他装置或连接手段间接地电气连接至该第二装置。
图1为根据本发明一个实施例的电路100的结构示意图。如图1所示,该电路100可以为芯片,该芯片包括两个接垫N1和N2,两个可变电阻R1和R2,以及放大器110,该放大器110具有可变反馈电阻RFB1和RFB2,其中图1所示的电路100中的这些元件作为该电路100的输入级。在本实施例中,电路100的接垫N1和N2分别耦合至两个位于PCB(printed circuitboard,印刷电路板)上的电容C1和C2,并且该电路100的输入级经由该电容C1和C2接收输入信号Vinp和Vinn以产生输出信号Von和Vop至电路100中接下来的处理电路。在本实施例中,电路100能够处理音频信号,并且输入信号Vinp和Vinn为来自麦克风的音频信号。
在一个实施例中,放大器110可以为线性放大器或者开关放大器。
在图1所示的实施例中,该可变电阻R1和该电容C1形成高通滤波器,以及该可变电阻R2和该电容C2形成另一高通滤波器。以含有可变电阻R1和电容C1的高通滤波器为例,当电路100开始处理输入信号Vinp和Vinn(如,用户控制电子设备开始识别及/或记录音频数据)时,电路100的输入级操作于第一模式并且可变电阻R1可以被控制为具有较低的阻值(如,1k ohm)。此时,由于可变电阻R1和电容C1的乘积较低,因此包含可变电阻R1和电容C1的高通滤波器具有较高的3-dB转角频率,因此缩短了输出信号Von和Vop的建立时间。图2所示的曲线210为当电路100开始处理输入信号Vinp和Vinn时的频率响应。
如图2所示,尽管可变电阻R1和电容C1的较低乘积可以改善输出信号Von和Vop的建立时间,但是输入信号Vinp和Vinn的一些低频成分(包含:20Hz~20kHz的人音频谱)会被滤除,因此输出信号Von和Vop可能具有更差的性能。因此,当输出信号Von和Vop变得稳定或者一段时间后,电路100的输入级操作在第二模式以及可变电阻R1可以被控制为具有较高的阻值(如,10kohm)。此时,由于可变电阻R1和电容C1的乘积较大,因此含有可变电阻R1和电容C1的高通滤波器具有较低的3-dB转角频率,因此输出信号Von和Vop可以包括上述的低频成分以确保音频记录性能。图2所示的曲线220为当可变电阻R1被控制为具有较高阻值时的频率响应。
在一个实施例中,由硬件或软件执行毛刺侦测(glitch detection)操作以确定输出信号Von和Vop是否稳定。例如,当电路100开始处理输入信号Vinp和Vinn时,输出信号Von和Vop一般具有毛刺,因此如果在输出信号Von和Vop处侦测到毛刺降低至预定级别,则电路100确定输出信号Von和Vop变得稳定。
另外,根据可变电阻R1和R2的阻值分别控制可变反馈电阻RFB1和RFB2的阻值。例如,如果可变电阻R1被控制为具有较低的阻值,则可变反馈电阻RFB1也被控制为具有较低的阻值(如,8k ohm);以及如果可变电阻R1被控制为具有较高的阻值,则可变反馈电阻RFB1也被控制为具有较高的阻值(如,80kohm)。
图3为根据本发明一个实施例的当电路100开始处理输入信号Vinp和Vinn时,可变电阻R1和R2以及可变反馈电阻RFB1和RFB2的控制示意图。如图3所示,可变电阻R1包括开关SW1和两个阻值分别为1k ohm和10k ohm的电阻,可变电阻R2包括开关SW2和两个阻值分别为1k ohm和10k ohm的电阻,可变反馈电阻RFB1包括开关SW3和两个阻值分别为8k ohm和80k ohm的电阻,以及可变反馈电阻RFB2包括开关SW4和两个阻值分别为8k ohm和80k ohm的电阻,其中开关SW1和SW3受控制信号Vc1的控制,以及开关SW2和SW4受另一控制信号Vc2的控制。当电路100开始处理输入信号Vinp和Vinn时,控制信号Vc1导通开关SW1和SW3以使得可变电阻R1和可变反馈电阻RFB1具有较低的阻值,以及控制信号Vc2导通开关SW2和SW4以使得可变电阻R2和可变反馈电阻RFB2具有较低的阻值。
另外,当输出信号Von和Vop变得稳定或者一段时间后,控制信号Vc1断开开关SW1和SW3以使得可变电阻R1和可变反馈电阻RFB1具有较高的阻值,以及控制信号Vc2断开开关SW2和SW4以使得可变电阻R2和可变反馈电阻RFB2具有较高的阻值,如图4所示。
图5为根据本发明另一实施例的电路500的结构示意图。如图5所示,电路500可以为芯片,该芯片包括接垫N1和N2,两个输入电容C1和C2,以及具有可变反馈电阻RFB1和RFB2以及反馈电容CFB1和CFB2的放大器510,其中图5所示的位于电路500中的元件作为输入级。在本实施例中,电路500经由接垫N1和N2接收输入信号Vinp和Vinn以产生输出信号Von和Vop至电路500中接下来的处理电路。在本实施例中,电路500能够处理音频信号,以及输入信号Vinp和Vinn为来自麦克风的音频信号。
在一个实施例中,放大器510为线性放大器或开关放大器。
在图5所示的实施例中,可变反馈电阻RFB1和反馈电容CFB1形成高通滤波器,以及可变反馈电阻RFB2和反馈电容CFB2形成另一高通滤波器。以含有可变反馈电阻RFB1和反馈电容CFB1的高通滤波器为例,当电路500开始处理输入信号Vinp和Vinn(如,用户控制电子设备开始识别及/或记录音频信号)时,电路500的输入级操作于第一模式中并且可变反馈电阻RFB1可以被控制为具有较低的电阻。此时,由于可变反馈电阻RFB1和反馈电容CFB1的乘积较低,因此包含可变反馈电阻RFB1和反馈电容CFB1的高通滤波器具有较高的3-dB转角频率,因此输出信号Von和Vop的建立时间被缩短。当电路500开始处理输入信号Vinp和Vinn时,其频率响应类似于上述的曲线210。
当输出信号Von和Vop变得稳定或者一段时间后,电路500的输入级操作在第二模式以及可变反馈电阻RFB1可以被控制为具有较高的阻值。此时,由于可变反馈电阻RFB1和反馈电容CFB1的乘积较大,因此含有可变反馈电阻RFB1和反馈电容CFB1的高通滤波器具有较低的3-dB转角频率,因此输出信号Von和Vop可以包括低频成分以确保音频记录性能。当可变电阻R1被控制为具有较高阻值时,其频率响应类似于图2所示的曲线220。
图6示出了根据本发明一个实施例的可变反馈电阻RFB1。如图6所示,可变反馈电阻RFB1由电容Cs和两个开关SW5和SW6来实现,其中开关SW5和SW6分别受时钟信号CLK和反向时钟信号CLKB控制。可变反馈电阻RFB1的阻值取决于时钟信号CLK的频率,也就是说,通过应用具有较高频率的时钟信号CLK和反向时钟信号CLKB,可以控制可变反馈电阻RFB1为具有较低的阻值,以及通过应用具有较低频率的时钟信号CLK和反向时钟信号CLKB,可以控制可变反馈电阻RFB1为具有较高的阻值。
在图5所示的实施例中,可变反馈电阻RFB1被控制为具有不同的阻值以使得高通滤波器具有不同的3-dB转角频率。在另一实施例中,反馈电容CFB1为可变反馈电容,以及可变反馈电容被控制为具有不同的容值以使得高通滤波器具有不同的3-dB转角频率。该可选设计同样落入本发明的范围内。
在一个实施例中,电路100和电路500可以为音频处理器,应用处理器,或者耦合至电子设备中的应用处理器的数字麦克风,该电子设备诸如为智能手机或者平板电脑。
总之,在本发明实施例的电路中,当电路开始处理音频信号时,电路可以被控制为具有较高的高通转角频率以缩短建立时间,接着电路可以被控制为具有较低的高通转角频率以保持音频数据记录性能。因此,本发明实施例可以有效地改善建立时间而不影响数据记录性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (16)
1.一种电路,包括输入级,其特征在于,该输入级包括:
可变电阻,用于接收输入信号以产生第一信号;以及
放大器,具有反馈电阻,用于放大该第一信号以产生输出信号;
其中,在第一模式中,该可变电阻被控制为具有第一阻值以增加该输出信号的建立时间,以及在第二模式中,该可变电阻被控制为具有大于该第一阻值的第二阻值。
2.如权利要求1所述的电路,其特征在于,当该输入级开始处理该输入信号时,该输入级操作于该第一模式,然后该输入级操作于该第二模式。
3.如权利要求1所述的电路,其特征在于,该反馈电阻为可变反馈电阻,以及在该第一模式中,该可变反馈电阻被控制为具有第三阻值;以及在该第二模式中,该可变反馈电阻被控制为具有大于该第三阻值的第四阻值。
4.如权利要求1所述的电路,其特征在于,该输入级为芯片的输入级,该输入信号经由电容耦合至该芯片的接垫,该可变电阻直接从该接垫接收该输入信号;
其中,该可变电阻与该电容一起形成高通滤波器,通过控制该可变电阻为不同的阻值以控制该高通滤波器具有不同的转角频率;
其中,在该第一模式中的该高通滤波器具有比该第二模式中的该高通滤波器更高的转角频率。
5.一种电路,包括输入级,其特征在于,该输入级包括:
输入电容,用于接收输入信号以产生第一信号;以及
放大器,具有反馈电阻和反馈电容,用于放大该第一信号以产生输出信号,其中该反馈电阻为可变反馈电阻,或者该反馈电容为可变反馈电容;
其中,在第一模式中,该反馈电阻或者该反馈电容被控制为具有第一阻值/第一容值以增加该输出信号的建立时间,以及在第二模式中,该反馈电阻或该反馈电容被控制为具有大于该第一阻值/第一容值的第二阻值/第二容值。
6.如权利要求5所述的电路,其特征在于,当该输入级开始处理该输入信号时,该输入级操作于该第一模式,然后该输入级操作于该第二模式。
7.如权利要求5所述的电路,其特征在于,该反馈电阻由受时钟信号控制的开关电容来实现,通过控制该时钟信号的频率来控制该反馈电阻的阻值。
8.如权利要求5所述的电路,其特征在于,该输入级为芯片的输入级,该输入信号输至该芯片的接垫,该输入电容直接从该接垫接收该输入信号;
其中,该反馈电阻和该反馈电容一起形成高通滤波器,通过控制该反馈电阻为不同的阻值或者控制该反馈电容为不同的容值以控制该高通滤波器具有不同的转角频率;
其中,在该第一模式中的该高通滤波器具有比该第二模式中的该高通滤波器更高的转角频率。
9.一种电路,其特征在于,包括:
滤波器,用于对输入信号进行滤波以产生滤波后的输入信号;
放大器,用于放大该滤波后的输入信号以产生输出信号;
其中,该滤波器的转角频率可调整以控制该输出信号的建立时间。
10.如权利要求9所述的电路,其特征在于,该滤波器为高通滤波器,当该电路开始处理该输入信号时,该滤波器被控制为具有第一转角频率以增加该建立时间,然后该滤波器被控制为低于该第一转角频率的第二转角频率。
11.如权利要求9所述的电路,其特征在于,该滤波器包括:
串联的电容和可变电阻,该电容用于接收该输入信号,该可变电阻被控制为具有不同的阻值以调整该滤波器的转角频率。
12.如权利要求11所述的电路,其特征在于,该放大电路具有可变反馈电阻,当该可变电阻被控制为具有第一阻值时,该可变反馈电阻被控制为具有第三阻值,当该可变电阻被控制为具有大于该第一阻值的第二阻值时,该可变反馈电阻被控制为具有大于该第三阻值的第四阻值。
13.如权利要求9所述的电路,其特征在于,该输入信号为音频信号,当该电路开始接收和处理该音频信号时,该滤波器的转角频率被调整为具有第一值以增加该输出信号的建立时间,当该音频信号稳定后,该滤波器的转角频率被调整为具有小于该第一值的第二值。
14.一种电路,其特征在于,包括:
具有滤波器的放大器,用于对输入信号进行滤波和放大,以产生输出信号,其中该滤波器连接在该放大器的输入端和输出端之间;
其中,该滤波器的转角频率可调整以控制该输出信号的建立时间。
15.如权利要求14所述的电路,其特征在于,该滤波器包括:并联的反馈电阻和反馈电容;
其中,该反馈电阻为可变反馈电阻,或,该反馈电容为可变反馈电容;通过控制该反馈电阻的阻值或者控制该反馈电容的容值以调整该滤波器的转角频率。
16.如权利要求14所述的电路,其特征在于,该输入信号为音频信号,当该电路开始接收和处理该音频信号时,该滤波器的转角频率被调整为具有第一值以增加该输出信号的建立时间,当该音频信号稳定后,该滤波器的转角频率被调整为具有小于该第一值的第二值。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3480951A1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
US11025204B2 (en) | 2021-06-01 |
TW201919337A (zh) | 2019-05-16 |
US20190131935A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
CN110011639B (zh) | 2023-03-24 |
TWI710214B (zh) | 2020-11-11 |
EP3480951B1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
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