CN110011320B - Reactive voltage optimization control method and system for extra-high voltage alternating current transformer substation - Google Patents
Reactive voltage optimization control method and system for extra-high voltage alternating current transformer substation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110011320B CN110011320B CN201910249715.3A CN201910249715A CN110011320B CN 110011320 B CN110011320 B CN 110011320B CN 201910249715 A CN201910249715 A CN 201910249715A CN 110011320 B CN110011320 B CN 110011320B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrahigh voltage alternating current transformer substation reactive voltage optimization control method and system, and belongs to the technical field of electric power systems and automation thereof. The reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is used as an important basis for reactive voltage control of the extra-high voltage transformer substation, and reactive voltage regulation is performed on the voltage out-of-limit transformer substations one by one from overall reactive voltage control of the extra-high voltage power grid, so that the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is minimum on the premise of ensuring that the voltage of each extra-high voltage transformer substation operates in a voltage limit range, thereby improving the utilization rate of equipment such as a transformer and the like, reducing the active loss of a line of the extra-high voltage power grid, and ensuring safe, stable and economic operation of the extra-high voltage power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power systems and automation thereof, and more specifically relates to an ultrahigh voltage alternating current transformer substation reactive voltage optimization control method.
Background
The ultra-high voltage alternating current transmission is used as an important bridge for large-capacity long-distance transmission, and the stable and reliable operation of the ultra-high voltage alternating current transmission is very important. The key technologies of the extra-high voltage alternating current comprise voltage control, insulation coordination, electromagnetic environment research, extra-high voltage equipment manufacturing and the like. Reactive voltage control is an important means for guaranteeing safe, reliable and economic operation of a power grid, and is particularly important in an extra-high voltage alternating current power grid: on one hand, the extra-high voltage alternating current power grid has large active loss due to long-distance transmission of high power, and the reasonable reactive voltage control can greatly reduce the active loss and bring huge economic benefits for the operation of the extra-high voltage alternating current power grid; on the other hand, the safe and stable operation of the extra-high voltage alternating current power grid is very important, and if an effective reactive voltage control method is lacked, equipment is possibly damaged, and even a voltage instability phenomenon can be caused, so that a large-range power failure accident is caused.
The extra-high voltage alternating current line has the characteristics of large capacity, long distance, large charging power and the like, and the voltage fluctuation and stability problems caused by large load fluctuation are prominent, and the reactive voltage control of the extra-high voltage alternating current line needs to be researched according to the characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the problem of reactive voltage control of an extra-high voltage alternating-current transformer substation, ensure safe and stable economic operation of an extra-high voltage power grid, improve the utilization rate of equipment such as an extra-high voltage main transformer and the like, reduce the active loss of a line and avoid the phenomenon of overshoot in the reactive voltage control process, the reactive voltage optimization control method of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is provided.
Specifically, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
An optimal control method for reactive voltage of an extra-high voltage alternating-current transformer substation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: extracting the electrical quantity of each extra-high voltage transformer substation, and calculating the reactive power exchange quantity Q sent by the extra-high voltage transformer substation from 1000kv side to 500kv side according to the extracted electrical quantities Send out Absorbing reactive exchange quantity Q from 500kv side at 1000kv side of extra-high voltage transformer substation Absorption of ；
Step two: sequentially judging whether the voltages of all the ultrahigh voltage transformer substations in the whole network are within a voltage limit range, if the voltage out-of-limit condition exists, controlling the voltage of the substation by inputting or withdrawing a low-voltage capacitor or a low-voltage reactor of the transformer substation with the maximum out-of-limit voltage or regulating the reactive voltage of a 500kv transformer substation or a power plant connected with the substation until the voltages of all the ultrahigh voltage transformer substations are within the voltage limit range;
step three: and if the voltages of the ultra-high voltage transformer substations are all within the voltage limit range, carrying out reactive voltage regulation on each ultra-high voltage transformer substation according to the condition whether the reactive exchange quantity of 1000kv sides and 500kv sides of each ultra-high voltage transformer substation exceeds the capacity of a group of low-voltage capacitors or a group of low-voltage reactors, synchronously regulating the voltages of each substation in the regulation process, and ensuring that the voltages of each ultra-high voltage transformer substation are all within the voltage limit range.
Further, the method also comprises the steps of firstly controlling the voltage of the extra-high voltage transformer substation within a voltage limit range and controlling the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of each transformer substation within the capacity range of a group of low-voltage capacitors or a group of low-voltage reactors.
Further, the specific method of the second step is as follows:
sequentially judging whether the voltage of each transformer substation is within a voltage limit range, if the voltage of the transformer substation exceeds the voltage limit, screening a transformer substation A station with the maximum out-of-limit voltage absolute value, judging whether an available low-voltage capacitor or a low-voltage reactor exists in the transformer substation A, if the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor does not exist in the transformer substation A, firstly throwing back the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor of the 500kv station with the close electrical distance or adjusting the reactive power of the power plant according to the sequence of the electrical distances of the 500kv transformer substations connected at the 500kv side of the transformer substation A, and then throwing back the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor of the 500kv station with the far electrical distance or adjusting the reactive power of the power plant;
if the station A has available low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors, a group of low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors are switched on or off;
until the voltage V of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is applied A And controlling within a voltage limit range.
Further, the specific method of the third step is as follows: if all the transformer substation voltages are within the voltage limit range, the transformer substations judge that the 1000kv side sends out reactive power exchange Q to the 500kv side one by one Send out Whether or not it is larger than the capacity Q of a group of low-voltage capacitors C Or absorbing reactive exchange quantity Q from 500kv side at 1000kv side of extra-high voltage transformer substation Absorption of Whether it is larger than capacity Q of a group of low-voltage reactors L If the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation exceeds the capacity of a group of low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors, the steps are continued, otherwise, the steps are exited;
determining all Q Send out >Q C Or Q Absorption of >Q L The transformer substations of the transformer substations sequence the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations from large to small, and sequentially judge whether the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations accord with preset conditions from a first transformer substation, and if the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations do not accord with the preset conditions, the transformer substations which do not accord with the preset conditions are put into or quit from one group of low-voltage capacitors or one group of low-voltage reactors according to the reactive power exchange conditions of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the transformer substation; if all Q Send out >Q C Or Q Absorption of >Q L And (4) exiting if all the substations meet the preset conditions.
Further, the preset condition is any one of the following three conditions:
(1) voltage of transformer substation is higher than voltageThreshold limiting value V Upper threshold value And the 1000kv side of the station absorbs reactive power from the 500kv side, the expression of the upper limit threshold of the voltage is as follows:
V upper threshold value ＝V Upper limit of -1-MAX(ΔV L ,ΔV C ),
Wherein Δ V L is A group of low-resistance busbar line voltage variable quantity delta V of the extra-high voltage station C Switching on and off a group of low-capacitance bus line voltage variable quantities of the extra-high voltage station, and simultaneously considering the safety margin of 1 kv;
(2) the voltage of the transformer substation is less than the lower voltage limit threshold value V Lower threshold And the station sends out reactive power from 1000kv side to 500kv side, and the reactive power is at the lower limit threshold value V of voltage Lower threshold The expression of (c) is as follows:
V lower threshold ＝V Lower limit of +1+MAX(ΔV L ,ΔV C ),
Wherein Δ V L For switching on or off a group of low-resistance bus line voltage variable quantity, delta V C For switching on and off a group of low-capacitance bus line voltage variable quantities of the extra-high voltage station, simultaneously considering a safety margin of 1 kv;
(3) the extra-high voltage station has no available low-voltage capacitor and low-voltage reactor.
In another aspect, the present invention provides an ultrahigh voltage ac substation reactive voltage optimization control system, including:
the electric quantity extraction module is used for extracting the electric quantity of each extra-high voltage transformer substation, and the electric quantity comprises busbar voltage, line current and the total group number M of the low-voltage capacitors C Total group number M of low-voltage reactor L The number of groups N of the low-voltage capacitor C And the number of groups N of low-voltage reactors L ；
A reactive exchange quantity calculation module for calculating the reactive exchange quantity Q sent by the 1000kv side to the 500kv side of the ultra-high voltage substation according to the extracted electric quantities Send out Absorbing reactive exchange quantity Q from 500kv side at 1000kv side of extra-high voltage transformer substation Absorption of ；
The transformer substation voltage adjusting module is used for sequentially judging whether the voltage of each transformer substation is within the range of the voltage limit value, and if the voltage of the transformer substation exceeds the voltage limit value, selecting the extra-high voltage transformer substation with the maximum out-of-limit voltage to adjust the voltage of the transformer substation; until the voltages of all the substations are restored to be within the voltage limit range;
the reactive exchange capacity judging and executing module is used for judging whether all the transformer substation voltages are within the voltage limit range or not, and if all the transformer substation voltages are within the voltage limit range, judging whether the 1000kv side sends out the reactive exchange capacity Q to the 500kv side one by one Send out Whether or not it is larger than the capacity Q of a group of low-voltage capacitors C And absorbing reactive exchange quantity Q from 500kv side at 1000kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation Absorption of Whether it is larger than capacity Q of a group of low-voltage reactors L If the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation exceeds the capacity of one group of low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors, the steps are continued, otherwise, the steps are exited;
determining all Q Send out >Q C Or Q Absorption of >Q L The transformer substations of (1) sequence the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations from large to small, sequentially judge whether the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations accord with preset conditions or not from the first transformer substation, and input or withdraw a group of low-voltage capacitors or a group of low-voltage reactors according to the reactive power exchange conditions of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation when the transformer substations which do not accord with the preset conditions appear, and skip to the second step for iterative execution; if all Q Send out >Q C Or Q Absorption of >Q L And (4) quitting if all the substations meet the preset conditions.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the invention, starting from the overall reactive voltage control of the extra-high voltage power grid, the mutual influence among all transformer substations in the reactive voltage control process of the actual extra-high voltage transformer substation is considered, so that in the reactive voltage control process, the regulation is only carried out on the extra-high voltage transformer substation with the maximum voltage out-of-limit at each time, and the phenomenon of overshoot in the reactive voltage control process is avoided; the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is taken as an important basis for controlling the reactive voltage of the extra-high voltage transformer substation, so that the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is controlled within a group of low-capacity/low-reactance capacity ranges or acceptable smaller ranges, the utilization rate of equipment such as a transformer and the like is improved to the maximum extent within the range of the limit value of the voltage, the active power loss of a line of an extra-high voltage power grid is reduced, and the safe, stable and economic operation of the extra-high voltage power grid is ensured. 2. The invention controls the voltage of the extra-high voltage transformer substation within the voltage limit range and controls the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the transformer substation within the capacity range of a group of low-voltage capacitors or a group of low-voltage reactors, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the utilization rate of equipment such as extra-high voltage main transformers and the like and reducing the network loss.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a reactive voltage optimization control method for an extra-high voltage substation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides an optimal control method for reactive voltage of an extra-high voltage alternating-current transformer substation. Firstly, judging whether the voltage of all the extra-high voltage alternating-current transformer substations (hereinafter referred to as extra-high voltage transformer substations) in the whole network is within an upper limit/lower limit range of voltage, wherein the upper limit/lower limit range of the voltage adopts an upper limit and a lower limit of a busbar voltage curve of the extra-high voltage transformer substations issued by a dispatching mechanism. If the voltage is out of limit, the voltage of the station is controlled by putting or withdrawing a low-voltage capacitor or a low-voltage reactor (hereinafter referred to as low voltage or low voltage reactor) of the station or regulating the voltage reactive power of a 500kv transformer substation or a power plant connected with the station until the voltage of all the extra-high voltage transformer substations is within the upper/lower limit range; and if the voltages of the ultra-high voltage transformer substations are within the upper/lower limit ranges, carrying out reactive voltage regulation on each ultra-high voltage transformer substation according to the basis that whether the reactive exchange quantity of 1000kv sides and 500kv sides of each ultra-high voltage transformer substation exceeds a group of low capacitance or low reactance capacity, synchronously regulating the voltages of each substation in the regulation process, and ensuring that the voltages of each ultra-high voltage transformer substation are within the upper/lower limit ranges. Through the voltage adjustment in the process, under the premise of ensuring the upper/lower limit range of the voltage of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation, the reactive power exchange of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation is reduced to the greatest extent, the utilization rate of equipment such as a main transformer is improved, and the safe, stable and economic operation of an ultra-high voltage power grid is ensured.
The implementation process of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1:
taking the 1000kv ultrahigh-voltage grid of the north China power grid in 2019 in winter as an example, the effectiveness of the method is verified, 15 ultrahigh-voltage substations are put into operation in the north China power grid in 2019, table 1 shows the initial reactive voltage condition of the north China power grid in a low valley mode in the north China power grid in 2019 in winter, table 1 shows that the 1000kv side and 500kv side reactive exchange quantities of the 9 ultrahigh-voltage substations exceed a group of low-capacitance/low-impedance capacity in the initial mode, table 2 shows the initial trend and active loss condition of the north China power grid ultrahigh-voltage grid, and table 2 shows the total quantity of reactive exchange absolute values 3626Mvar in the 1000kv side and 500kv side of the north China power grid whole network ultrahigh-voltage substation, and the active loss of an ultrahigh-voltage line is 40.1 MW. In actual operation, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the voltage of the extra-high voltage transformer substation are 1080kv/1020kv, the voltage of each station is in the range as shown in tables 1 and 2, and the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the voltage of each station are determined according to the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the voltage of each extra-high voltage transformer substation as shown in table 3.
TABLE 1 initial reactive voltage conditions of UHV substations in North China Power grid
Note: "-" indicates that the 1000kv side of the extra-high voltage substation absorbs reactive power from the 500kv side.
TABLE 2 initial load flow and active loss of UHV grid in North China
| Line | Effective (MW) | Line loss (MW) |
| Victory-tin union | -1984 | 2.8 |
| Tin union-gallery house | -1725 | 4.1 |
| Gallery-sea river | 807 | 0.5 |
| Baoding Haihe | 1086 | 0.7 |
| The North mountain Baoding | 2299 | 4 |
| Erdos-beiyue | 1244 | 0.8 |
| Haihe-quan city | 2403 | 3.6 |
| Quancheng-changle | -937 | 0.8 |
| Changle-Gaoxiang | -12 | 0.1 |
| High countryside-jujube village | 1596 | 0.7 |
| Zizhuang-lotus leaf | -62 | 0 |
| Neze-chen station | -1431 | 1.7 |
| Chenchencheng table-quan cheng | 1759 | 2.3 |
| Flood-chenchen stage | 3172 | 12.5 |
| landscape-Hongshan | 1917 | 4.3 |
| Holding-the chenchen stage | 1382 | 1.2 |
Note: "-" indicates that active power is being sent from the end to the beginning.
TABLE 3 North China Power grid extra-high voltage substation Voltage Upper/lower Limit value and threshold
The reactive voltage control method of the extra-high voltage transformer substation provided by the invention is applied to the North China power gridReactive voltage of the medium-voltage and extra-high-voltage transformer substation is adjusted, a corridor station in a reactive voltage control process is taken as an example for brief description, the upper/lower limit of the voltage of the corridor station is 1080kv/1020kv, a group of low-voltage-resistant voltage changes are turned on and off by 5kv, and a group of low-capacitance voltage changes are turned on and off by 4 kv. The corridor station upper/lower threshold is therefore 1074kv/1026 kv. In the initial mode, a corridor station 1000kv side sends a reactive 632Mvar to a 500kv side, exceeding a group of low capacity, corridor station bus voltage 1056kv, within the upper/lower threshold range, and it can be known from table 1 that the corridor station has available low capacity/low reactance at this time. And (3) withdrawing a group of low-capacitance gallery stations, sending out reactive power 462Mvar to the 500kv side at 1000kv side of the gallery station, exceeding the capacity of a group of low-voltage capacitors, then continuing the voltage 1051kv of the gallery station according to the steps of the invention, and finally after the reactive voltage regulation of the whole network is finished, withdrawing 2 groups of low-capacitance gallery stations and putting 1 group of low-resistance gallery stations together, and sending out reactive power 187Mvar to the 500kv side at 1000kv side of the gallery station, wherein the reactive power 187Mvar is smaller than the capacity of a group of low-capacitance gallery stations, and the voltage 1046kv of the gallery station is within the upper/lower limit range of voltage. The judgment method for the existence of the available low capacitance/resistance is that if the voltage V of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation is available A Lower limit V less than voltage limit value Lower limit of And no throw-in low-voltage capacitor or withdrawable low-voltage reactor is available; if the voltage V of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation is A Greater than the upper limit V of the voltage limit Upper limit of And no withdrawable low-voltage capacitor or low-voltage reactor is available, namely no available low-voltage capacitor or low-voltage reactor is available.
After the whole-network reactive voltage adjustment is finished, the reactive voltage control result of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is shown in table 4, as can be seen from table 4, except that the reactive exchange amount of the tin union 1000kv side and the 500kv side exceeds a group of low-capacity/low-impedance capacity (as the voltage of a tin union station is higher than an upper limit threshold value, if a group of reactance is exited, the voltage of the tin union station exceeds an upper limit), the reactive exchange amount of the other extra-high voltage transformer substations on the 1000kv side and the 500kv side does not exceed a group of low-capacity/low-impedance capacity, the total reactive exchange absolute value amount of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the whole-network extra-high voltage transformer substation of the north China power grid is 1714Mvar, and the reactive exchange amount is reduced by about 53%. Most of the voltage of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is improved to a certain extent, the active loss of an extra-high voltage line is 39.8MW, and the active loss of the line is slightly reduced compared with that before reactive voltage regulation. Therefore, after reactive voltage regulation, reactive power exchange on the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation is greatly reduced, the utilization efficiency of equipment such as a main transformer is improved, the active loss of an ultra-high voltage line is slightly reduced, and the economy of an ultra-high voltage power grid is improved to a certain extent.
The method assists in controlling the process of the voltage of the extra-high voltage transformer substation through the reactive voltage regulation of the thermal power plant of the 500kv transformer substation. Wherein the first-stage outlet station refers to a 500kv substation or a power plant which is directly connected with the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage substation through a line. The first-stage outlet station is closest to the extra-high voltage station, the auxiliary voltage regulation effect of the extra-high voltage substation is the best under the same reactive regulation quantity, the second-stage and later substations are relatively far away from the extra-high voltage substation, a substation is arranged between the second-stage and extra-high voltage stations, and the auxiliary voltage regulation effect of the second-stage substation on the extra-high voltage substation is much lower than that of the first-stage substation under the same reactive regulation quantity, so that the regulation process is preferably limited to the first-stage outlet station only in the specific embodiment.
TABLE 4 post-regulation situation of reactive voltage of UHV substation in North China power grid
Note: "-" indicates that the 1000kv side of the extra-high voltage substation absorbs reactive power from the 500kv side.
TABLE 5 situation of tidal current and active loss after reactive voltage regulation of extra-high voltage power grid of North China power grid
| Line | Effective (MW) | Line loss (MW) |
| Victory-tin union | -1984 | 2.8 |
| Tin ally-gallery | -1725 | 4.1 |
| Gallery-sea river | 792 | 0.7 |
| Baoding Haihe | 1083 | 0.7 |
| The North mountain-Baoding | 2300 | 4 |
| Erdos-Beie | 1244 | 0.8 |
| Haihe-quan city | 2428 | 3.5 |
| Quancheng-changle | -913 | 0.7 |
| Changle-Gaoxiang | -5.6 | 0.1 |
| High countryside-jujube village | 1586 | 0.7 |
| Zizhuang-lotus leaf | -72 | 0 |
| Neze-chen station | -1447 | 1.7 |
| The chenchenchenge-quan cheng | 1772 | 2.2 |
| Flood-chenchen stage | 3172 | 12.4 |
| landscape-Hongshan | 1917 | 4.3 |
| Protect-Schchen stage | 1400 | 1.1 |
Note: "-" indicates that active power is sent from the end to the beginning.
In another embodiment, if the voltage out-of-limit condition exists, the voltage of the substation with the maximum out-of-limit voltage is controlled by putting in or withdrawing from a low-voltage capacitor of the substation or withdrawing from a low-voltage reactor of the substation or regulating the reactive voltage of a 500kv substation or a power plant connected with the substation until all the voltages of the extra-high voltage substations are within the voltage limit range;
the specific method comprises the following steps: sequentially judging whether the voltage of each transformer substation is within the voltage limit range, if the transformer substation with the voltage exceeding the voltage limit exists, screening out a transformer substation A station with the maximum out-of-limit voltage absolute value, judging whether an available low-voltage capacitor or a low-voltage reactor exists in the transformer substation A station, if the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor does not exist in the transformer substation A station, according to the sequence of the electrical distances of 500kv transformer substations connected to the 500kv side of the transformer substation A station, firstly throwing back the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor of the 500kv station with the close electrical distance or adjusting the reactive power output of the power plant, and then throwing back the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor of the 500kv station with the far electrical distance or adjusting the reactive power output of the power plant;
if the station A has available low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors, a group of low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors are switched on or off;
until the voltage V of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is applied A And controlling within a voltage limit range.
To sum up, the reactive voltage control of the present ultra-high voltage transformer substation is controlled based on the upper and lower limit degree of voltage deviation of each transformer substation, and the reactive voltage control of each ultra-high voltage transformer substation is controlled independently, and the reactive exchange conditions of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation, the utilization rate conditions of equipment such as transformers and the like, and the mutual influence conditions in the reactive voltage regulation process of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation are not considered, the invention takes the reactive exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation as an important basis for the reactive voltage control of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation, and simultaneously starts from the overall reactive voltage control of the ultra-high voltage power grid, performs reactive voltage regulation on the voltage out-of-limit transformer substations one by one, so that the reactive exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation is minimized on the premise of ensuring that the voltage of each ultra-high voltage transformer substation operates in the range of the upper and lower limit value of voltage, therefore, the utilization rate of equipment such as a transformer is improved, the active loss of the extra-high voltage power grid line is reduced, and the safe, stable and economic operation of the extra-high voltage power grid is ensured. As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is intended to cover various modifications, equivalent arrangements, and equivalents thereof, which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An optimal control method for reactive voltage of an extra-high voltage alternating current transformer substation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: extracting the electrical quantity of each extra-high voltage transformer substation, and calculating the reactive power exchange quantity Q sent by the extra-high voltage transformer substation from 1000kv side to 500kv side according to the extracted electrical quantities Send out Absorbing reactive exchange quantity Q from 500kv side at 1000kv side of extra-high voltage transformer substation Absorption of ；
Step two: sequentially judging whether the voltages of all the ultrahigh voltage transformer substations in the whole network are within a voltage limit range, if the voltage out-of-limit condition exists, controlling the voltage of the substation by inputting or withdrawing a low-voltage capacitor or a low-voltage reactor of the transformer substation with the maximum out-of-limit voltage or regulating the reactive voltage of a 500kv transformer substation or a power plant connected with the substation until the voltages of all the ultrahigh voltage transformer substations are within the voltage limit range;
step three: if the voltages of the ultra-high voltage transformer substations are within the voltage limit range, carrying out reactive voltage regulation on each ultra-high voltage transformer substation according to the condition whether the reactive exchange quantity of 1000kv side and 500kv side of each ultra-high voltage transformer substation exceeds the capacity of a group of low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors, synchronously regulating the voltages of each substation in the regulation process, and ensuring that the voltages of each ultra-high voltage transformer substation are within the voltage limit range;
the concrete method of the third step is as follows: if all the transformer substation voltages are within the voltage limit range, the transformer substations judge that the 1000kv side sends out reactive power exchange Q to the 500kv side one by one Send out Whether or not it is larger than the capacity Q of a group of low-voltage capacitors C Or the 1000kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation absorbs the reactive exchange Q from the 500kv side Absorption of Whether the capacity of the reactor is larger than the capacity Q of a group of low-voltage reactors L If the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation exceeds the capacity of one group of low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors, the steps are continued, otherwise, the steps are exited;
determining all Q Send out >Q C Or Q Absorption of >Q L The transformer substations of (1) sequence the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations from large to small, sequentially judge whether the absolute values accord with preset conditions or not from the first transformer substation, and if the absolute values do not accord with the preset conditions, put in or withdraw from a group of low-voltage capacitors or a group of low-voltage reactors according to the reactive power exchange conditions of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the transformer substation; if all Q Send out >Q C Or Q Absorption of >Q L And (4) quitting if all the substations meet the preset conditions.
2. The reactive voltage optimization control method for the extra-high voltage alternating current substation according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises the steps of firstly controlling the voltage of the extra-high voltage substation within a voltage limit range and controlling the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of each substation within the capacity range of the group of low-voltage capacitors and the group of low-voltage reactors.
3. The reactive voltage optimization control method for the extra-high voltage alternating current substation according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific method in the second step is as follows:
sequentially judging whether the voltage of each transformer substation is within the voltage limit range, if the transformer substation with the voltage exceeding the voltage limit exists, screening out a transformer substation A station with the maximum out-of-limit voltage absolute value, judging whether an available low-voltage capacitor or a low-voltage reactor exists in the transformer substation A station, if the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor does not exist in the transformer substation A station, according to the sequence of the electrical distances of 500kv transformer substations connected to the 500kv side of the transformer substation A station, firstly throwing back the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor of the 500kv station with the close electrical distance or adjusting the reactive power output of the power plant, and then throwing back the available low-voltage capacitor or the low-voltage reactor of the 500kv station with the far electrical distance or adjusting the reactive power output of the power plant;
if the station A has available low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors, a group of low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors are switched on or off;
until the voltage V of the extra-high voltage transformer substation is applied A And controlling within a voltage limit range.
4. The reactive voltage optimization control method for the extra-high voltage alternating-current substation according to claim 1, wherein the preset condition is any one of the following three conditions:
(1) the voltage of the transformer substation is greater than the upper voltage limit threshold value V Upper threshold value And the 1000kv side of the station absorbs reactive power from the 500kv side, the expression of the upper limit threshold of the voltage is as follows:
V upper threshold value ＝V Upper limit of -1-MAX(ΔV L ,ΔV C ),
Wherein Δ V L is A group of low-resistance variable quantity delta V of bus line voltage of the extra-high voltage station is thrown and withdrawn C Switching on and off a group of low-capacitance bus line voltage variable quantities of the extra-high voltage station, and simultaneously considering the safety margin of 1 kv;
(2) the voltage of the transformer substation is less than the lower limit voltage threshold V Lower threshold And the station sends out reactive power from 1000kv side to 500kv side, and the reactive power is at the lower limit threshold value V of voltage Lower threshold The expression of (a) is as follows:
V lower threshold ＝V Lower limit of +1+MAX(ΔV L ,ΔV C ),
Wherein Δ V L For switching on or off a group of low-resistance bus line voltage variable quantity delta V of the extra-high voltage station C For the line voltage variable quantity of a group of low-capacitance buses of the extra-high voltage station, simultaneously considering the safety margin of 1 kv;
(3) the extra-high voltage station has no available low-voltage capacitor and low-voltage reactor.
5. The reactive voltage optimization control method of the extra-high voltage alternating current substation according to claim 1, wherein the electrical quantity comprises busbar line voltage, line current and total number M of low-voltage capacitors C Total group number M of low-voltage reactor L The number of groups N of the low-voltage capacitor C And the number of groups N of low-voltage reactors L 。
6. The reactive voltage optimization control method of the extra-high voltage alternating current transformer substation according to claim 3, wherein the method for judging whether the transformer substation has an available low-voltage capacitor or low-voltage reactor is as follows:
if the voltage V of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation is A Lower limit V less than voltage limit value Lower limit of And no throw-in low-voltage capacitor or withdrawable low-voltage reactor is available;
if the voltage V of the ultra-high voltage transformer substation is A Greater than the upper limit V of the voltage limit Upper limit of And no withdrawable low-voltage capacitor or low-voltage reactor is available, namely no available low-voltage capacitor or low-voltage reactor is available.
7. The reactive voltage optimization control method of the extra-high voltage alternating current substation according to claim 3, wherein the adjustment process is limited to only the first-stage outlet station.
8. The utility model provides an extra-high voltage alternating current transformer substation reactive voltage optimal control system which characterized in that includes:
the electric quantity extraction module is used for extracting the electric quantity of each extra-high voltage transformer substation, and the electric quantity comprises busbar voltage, line current and the total group number M of the low-voltage capacitors C Total group number M of low-voltage reactor L N number of groups of low-voltage capacitors C And the number of groups N of low-voltage reactors L ；
The reactive exchange quantity calculation module is used for calculating the reactive exchange quantity Q sent out by the 1000kv side to the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation according to the extracted electric quantities Send out Absorbing reactive exchange quantity Q from 500kv side at 1000kv side of extra-high voltage transformer substation Absorption of ；
The transformer substation voltage adjusting module is used for sequentially judging whether the voltage of each transformer substation is within the voltage limit range, and if the voltage of each transformer substation exceeds the voltage limit, selecting the ultrahigh voltage transformer substation with the maximum out-of-limit voltage to adjust the voltage of the transformer substation; until the voltages of all the substations are restored to be within the voltage limit range;
a reactive exchange quantity judging and executing module used for judging whether all the transformer substation voltages are within the voltage limit value range or not, and judging the 1000kv side one by oneSending out reactive exchange quantity Q to 500kv side Send out Whether it is larger than the capacity Q of a group of low-voltage capacitors C Or the 1000kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation absorbs the reactive exchange Q from the 500kv side Absorption of Whether it is larger than capacity Q of a group of low-voltage reactors L If the reactive power exchange quantity of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation exceeds the capacity of a group of low-voltage capacitors or low-voltage reactors, the steps are continued, otherwise, the steps are exited;
determining all Q Send out >Q C Or Q Absorption of >Q L The transformer substations of the transformer substations sequence the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations from large to small, and sequentially judge whether the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations accord with preset conditions from a first transformer substation, if the absolute values of the reactive power exchange quantities of the transformer substations do not accord with the preset conditions, the transformer substations which do not accord with the preset conditions are put into or quit from one group of low-voltage capacitors or one group of low-voltage reactors according to the reactive power exchange conditions of the 1000kv side and the 500kv side of the extra-high voltage transformer substation, and the second step of iterative execution is skipped; if all Q' s Send out >Q C Or Q Absorption of >Q L And (4) quitting if all the substations meet the preset conditions.
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