CN110009212A - A kind of ecology navigation channel accordance evaluation index system framework - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of ecological navigation channel accordance evaluation index system framework of the present invention, belong to ecological environmental protection technical field, it constructs for the evaluation of ecological navigation channel with directiveness and operability, the strong architectural framework of universality, its ecological navigation channel accordance classification sub-indicator system is made of three 8 class classification indicators of level and its 32 sub-indicators for being included, the safety guarantee type in ecological navigation channel is reflected comprehensively, ecological construction type, environmental harmony type, people's water syntonic type intension and representative index, in conjunction with the qualitative or quantitative assessment criteria system of matched subitem stepping index situation and scoring rule system, it is clear to provide, completely, it is full and accurate, can quantification technical criteria system, convenient for meeting sex index (URECI) by the ecology for investigating evaluation navigation channel further, to according to matched ecological matching degree evaluation criterion system, evaluation Ecological matching degree representated by URECI, to instruct ecological waterway construction and management and evaluation effect to provide complete assessment technique tool.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological navigation channel accordance evaluation index system frameworks, belong to ecological environmental protection and evaluation
Technical field.
Background technique
(1) intension of ecological waterway construction
Ecological waterway construction is not simply, passively to preserve the ecological environment, but to consider River valley economy society as a whole
Growth requirement, balance is found between the positive ecological environment benefit of waterway construction and the ecological protection for slowing down negative effect
Point is rationally transported using Natural Depth by the science regulation in navigation channel and moderate solution, effectively reduces bulk supply tariff fortune
Defeated energy consumption and accident probability reduces environmental pollution, simultaneously advances shipping Ecological Civilization Construction, improves waterway construction fortune
The capable harmonious degree with conservation culture.
In conclusion the intension in ecology navigation channel involved by the present invention embodies are as follows:
1) ecological construction type, ecological navigation channel should adhere to zoology construction conception, building " unimpeded, efficient, safety, green "
Water transport channel.Ecological navigation channel system and sustainable development of socio-economy target are blended thus, built using environmentally protective
Material and construction technology are built, and implements low-carbon maintenance, reduces the movable ecology influences such as waterway construction, management, maintenance, both
It realizes construction object, and preserves the ecological environment to the maximum extent.
2) environmental harmony type, ecological navigation channel should meet the basic demand in river or marine ecosystems protection.It is with river
Example, navigation channel belong to a part in river, and there are the connectivity in river itself and river and aquatic lifes for the protection of river ecosystem
The protection of two levels of blending of state system.Therefore, evaluate ecological navigation channel it is ecological when, emphasis to consider that navigation channel is built
If the influence generated to river or marine ecosystems and conservation status.
3) safety guarantee type, navigation channel transportation safety are the basic premises for ensureing navigation function and aquatic ecosystem health.
The scope opened the navigation or air flight safely specifically includes that stabilization on the mechanical structure of navigation channel, navigation ship normal/cruise, navigation channel to flood
Normal response, and take into account water source, accommodate pollution and maintain ecological safety etc..
4) people's water syntonic type meets the public to the primary demand of water landscape.The waterway construction of urban area is abundant
Consider the requirement of resident, the hydrophilic landscape of adaptation to local conditions construction and urban environment harmony.The navigation channel in other regions, be with
Back to nature protects bio-diversity as construction mainstream, safeguards ecosystem balance, constructs the ecology that aquatile inhabites
Gallery ensures human health development, supports social sustainable development.
(2) ecological navigation channel appraisement system present Research
The problem of mankind's activity including waterway engineering brings adverse effect to river and the marine eco-environment has caused
Pay attention to extensively.The country such as the U.S., Australia, Sweden, China has carried out the research and reality in river and ocean health evaluation in succession
It tramples, forms the several evaluation methods such as RBP (U.S.), GRS (Australia), RCE (Sweden), form health in China and comment
Price card is quasi-, it is characterized in that on the VALUE OF CONNOTATION OF HEALTH analysis foundation of waters, for nature, ecological environment and social service function, and
According to the basic and personal feature in waters, the health assessment indicators system constructed by general character and individual character index is established, and propose whole
Body evaluation method.
From the point of view of present Research, the domestic research in relation to ecological navigation channel and evaluation problem has been carried out for many years, proposes
The evaluation index suggestion of several targets and Various Functions, due to not yet forming the unified finger of standard at present also in the exploratory stage
Mark system.Such as:
1) the city inland river ecological multi-layer grade evaluating method based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) that Du Chaodan et al. is proposed, establishes
Multi-layer assessment system and the method for analyzing determining evaluation index and basic weight, are related to city inland river buffer strip, shore protection, river
Three 23 indexs of aspect of road, for the ecological of quantitatively evaluating urban ecology inland river, the management for inland river ecological construction provides skill
Art tool.(CN105975787,2016)
2) Li Tianhong, Ding Yao, Ni Jinren, Xia Wei propose Jingjiang river reach ecology navigation channel assessment indicator system, that takes into account
7 navigation function, water delivery flood discharge function, sediment transferring function, water supply function, self-purification function, ecological functions, landscape amusement function sides
18 indexs in face establish achievement data acquisition and calculation method, and criterion is judged in classification, give with section health
Evaluation number result based on property.It is commented in addition, Li Tianhong et al. has also set up the ecological navigation channel fuzzy synthesis based on wooden pail effect
Valence method, it is horizontal for judging ecological navigation channel comprehensive health.(" application foundation and engineering science journal ", 25 (2), 2017,
pp221-234；CN109272199,2019)
3) the coastal ecological safety evaluation model construction method proposed in lattice et al. comprising ecosystem index number
According to collection and distribution map drawing, calculate value of ecosystem service and integrating index, establish ecological safety thus
Assessment indicator system.(CN106611256,2017)
4) Zhu Kongxian, Jiang Min, Li Ligang, Wang Jiasheng have carried out pre-test to ecological navigation channel analytic hierarchy process assessment indicator system,
It is intended that construction scheme provide reference, from construct it is ecological, navigation channel is ecological, the shipping feature of environmental protection, navigation channel sustainability and society
The aspect of suitability 5 establishes 23 evaluation indexes, for analyze the ecological of materials processing and construction and operational management with can
The masses are to the impression of social service function along duration and driver and conductor and navigation channel, but specific finger is not directed in text
Mark requires and interpretational criteria.(" Chinese Water Transportation navigation channel science and technology ", 2016 (2), pp10-14)
5) Yan Denghua, Dou Peng et al. have inquired into inland river ecology waterway construction theoretical frame, wherein the ecological navigation channel referred to is commented
Assessment system relates to classification index, environmental health evaluation index, ecological Integrity Assessment index, evaluation method and refers to
Mark, construction level index, regional characteristics index, text in do not propose the index further refined.(" Beijing demonstration college journal
(natural science edition) ", 54 (6), 2018, pp755-763)
6) Xu Shiguo, Shi Ruihua and Wang Guoti, Li Hongzhuo to urban river ecological slope protection carried out assessment and preferably,
The ecological slope protection engineering evaluation index system of middle building includes cost (construction cost, maintenance cost, service life), ecology
Landscape (ecological protection and reparation, hydrophily, the harmony with ambient enviroment), construction technology (material it is ready availability, technique
Simplicity) 3 aspects, 8 indexs, and marking value and weighted value are obtained using questionnaire method；The ecological bank slope of proposition is anti-
Eye protection mark system includes safety evaluation, engineering structure, the index of correlation of 3 class system of ecological protection, but not yet explicitly specific targets.
(" Journal of Hydraulic Engineering ", 39 (3), 2008, pp325-331；" HeFei University of Technology's journal (natural science edition) ", 33 (5), 2010,
pp713-716)
7) Lv Jing, Gao Jiarong have carried out health assessment to non-navigation river ecological slope protection, from the basic function engineering of slope protection
Three effect, ecological effect and social economic effect aspects establish the evaluation points system being made of 20 indexs, wherein
Engineering effort includes 5 corrosion stability, skid resistance, pollutants removal rate, permeability, organic matter increment indexs, ecological effect packet
It included plant survival rate, vegetal cover degree, Plant Diversity, the annual guarantor green phase, plant drought resistance, the barren-resistant ability of plant, moved
7 indexs of object diversity, social economic effect include construction cost, maintenance cost, service life, human body suitability, culture
Aesthetic Function, recreational functions, the environmental consciousness of the public, 8 indexs of harmony with ambient enviroment, give index
Quantization method and classification decision criteria.(" Agriculture of Anhui science ", 38 (3), 2010, pp1623-1626)
8) Xu Pengshan, Xu Lehua analyze the status and problems faced of Gansu Province's waterway construction, elaborate navigation channel
Application of Ecological Idea proposes the evaluation object and index in ecological navigation channel, wherein channel safe function includes dimensions of the channel, leads to
Navigate fraction, 4 navigation mark very well equipped rate, driver and conductor's vision satisfaction indexs, and navigation channel ecological functions include inhabiting geology
2 amount, fleet's comprehensive pollution indexes indexs, navigation channel landscape function includes 1 index of navigation channel landscape index, navigation channel service function
Including 2 service area distributive law, service area serviceability rate indexs, it is proposed that commented using vague marking weighted synthetical evaluation method
Valence.(" marine traffic engineering ", 445 (9), 2010, pp87-91)
9) summer is after the red equal overall merit content for once studying riparian ecosystem, and establishes riparian ecosystem
System of Comprehensive Evaluation includes soil characteristic in terms of structural stability, bank slope architectural characteristic, hydrometeorological characteristic, plants
It include heterogeneity, stability, naturality, politeness, 5 class of service in terms of landscape suitability by 4 class many index of situation
Many index includes population characteristics, physicochemical characteristic, 3 class many index of functional characteristic in terms of health, in terms of safety
Including invasive species characteristic, polluting property, water quality condition, natural calamity characteristic, human interference situation, 6 class of socioeconomic status
Many index.(" hydroscience progress ", 16 (3), 2005, pp345-348)
10) Degradation Situation and environmental characteristic of Wang Hua combination Huangpu River, Suzhou River constructs river ecosystem recovery
Assessment indicator system, it includes water quality of river physicochemical characteristics, river biological characteristic, 31 grade of indexs of river habitat characteristics and 17
Item two-level index, wherein water quality indicator has dissolved oxygen, pH, BOD5, COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, SS, habitat index has stream
Fast situation, water volume condition, river channelization degree, river bending degree, channel revetment pattern, Biological indicators have phytoplankton, float
Move about object, zoobenthos, completes Huangpu River, Suzhou River ecological recovery overall merit.(Huan Dong normal university Master's thesis,
2003)
With the increasingly mature of waterway engineering ecological protection and recovery technology and the growing of demand is promoted and applied, urgently
Need to be in above-mentioned basis of background technology, studying and establish, there is the ecological navigation channel accordance evaluation of directiveness and strong operability to refer to
Mark system evaluates its effect, for instructing the construction and management in ecological navigation channel to step up the life of waterway construction and operation
State navigation channel accordance.Since there are many influence factor of the waterway engineering to ecological environment, different regions, river of different nature or
Sea area otherness is very big, and therefore, the building of ecological navigation channel accordance evaluation index system should also have universality.
Summary of the invention
(1) goal of the invention
In order to measure the ecology after the ecological construction of navigation channel level, the nature and social property in concentrated expression ecology navigation channel,
Present invention is specifically directed to waterway engineering construct it is a kind of with directiveness and the strong ecological navigation channel accordance of operability, universality is commented
Valence index system framework, qualitative or quantitative evaluation and scoring rule in conjunction with a set of subitem stepping index situation are to be evaluated to realize
Valence navigation channel corresponds to the scoring value of index, sums it up average by the way that similar index score value is the power such as to be carried out to, and classification average value is added
With etc. power adduction summarize, the ecology that easily can quantitatively calculate navigation channel to be evaluated meets sex index (URECI), thus according to
According to ecological matching degree interpretational criteria, ecological matching degree representated by the URECI in navigation channel to be evaluated is evaluated.The present invention can
To instruct the construction in ecological navigation channel and management, evaluating its effect, step up its ecological navigation channel accordance and provide assessment technique work
Tool.
(2) technical solution
The present invention constructs a kind of ecological navigation channel accordance evaluation index system framework, which includes a set of ecological navigation channel
Accordance classification gradation index system further includes that ecological navigation channel accordance indicator sub-item stepping corresponding with the index system is commented
Point hierarchy of criteria, and sub-indicator score is added up to the scoring rule body for meeting sex index URECI for navigation channel ecology to be evaluated
System, and the evaluation criterion system including determining ecology matching degree in navigation channel to be evaluated according to URECI score.The tool of the framework
Body composition is as follows:
It is described ecology navigation channel accordance classification gradation index system by three 8 class classification indicators of level and its included
32 sub-indicators are constituted, wherein the first level includes 4 class classification indicators, it may be assumed that security function A1, ecological functions A2, landscape function
It can A3, service function A4；Second level is still classification indicators, and the A2 index in the first level is only further subdivided into 4
Class is respectively as follows: shore bank band habitat B1, shore bank band biology B2, sedimentary habitat B3, sedimentary biology B4；Third level index is
The sub-indicator that upper layer items classification indicators respectively contain, amounts to 32, and specific sub-indicator includes:
1) navigation width C 11 corresponding with A1, pass through curve C12, navigation mark very well equipped rate C13, vision satisfaction
C14；
2) shore bank bandwidth C21 corresponding with B1, shore bank band gradient C22, shore protection Type C 23, longitudinal linkage C24, cross
To connectivity C25；
3) Species richness C31 corresponding with B2, environmental structure grass seeds C32, community continuum C33, vegetation coverage
C34, species quantity turnover rate C35；
4) base type C41 corresponding with B3, terrain complexity C42, hydrodynamic condition C43, water transparency C44；
5) water plant Type C 51 corresponding with B4, zoobenthos number of species C52, zoobenthos situation C53, fish
Type C54；
6) corresponding with A3 to be easy to hydrophily C61, water surface cleannes C62, shore bank band landscape C63；
7) infrastructure corresponding with A4 improves rate C71, clean energy degree C72, management system C73, maintenance difficulty
C74, fleet comprehensive pollution index C75, service area distributive law C76, service area serviceability rate C77.
Ecology navigation channel accordance classification sub-indicator system schematic diagram refers to Fig. 1.
The ecology navigation channel accordance indicator sub-item stepping scoring hierarchy of criteria includes 32 sub-indicators, 5 class shapes
The unified value principle of the qualitative or quantitative assessment criteria of condition and 5 class index score values, wherein indices difference class
Situation be incremented by with class and be gradually deteriorated, the score value of indices difference class is incremented by with class all successively takes 4,3,2,1,0
Point, the qualitative or quantitative assessment criteria of 32 sub-indicators, 5 class situations is specific as follows:
1) navigation width C 11, pass through curve C12: guarantee that 2 ten 10,000 tons ships pass through side by side；Between two grades of front and back it
Between；Guarantee that 2 10,000 tons ships pass through side by side；Between two grades of front and back；10,000 tons ship can not pass through；
2) navigation mark very well equipped rate C13: sailing direction, marker, special mark are complete；Between two grades of front and back；
Between two grades of front and back；Between two grades of front and back；No marks or mark are unobvious；
3) vision satisfaction C14: the visual field is spacious and well-lighted unobstructed；Between two grades of front and back；Between two grades of front and back it
Between；Between two grades of front and back；The visual field is bad；
4) 1 times of shore bank bandwidth C21:> river width；0.5~1 times of >；0.25~0.5 times of >；0.1~0.25 times of >； ≤
0.1 times；
5) shore bank band gradient C22:0~10 °；10 °~30 °；30 °~60 °；60 °~90 °；90°；
6) shore protection Type C 23: natural prototype；Artificial near-nature forest type；Jackstone, slight slope low gear wall, concrete grid vegetation；
Enrockment grouts stone, laid dry stone；Concrete；
7) longitudinal linkage C24: shore bank band is unimpeded；A small amount of barrier；It interrupts 1~2 time；It interrupts 3~5 times；It interrupts 5 times
More than；
8) cross connection C25: permeable interface > 80%；60%~80%；40%~60%；20%~40%；<
20%；
9) more than Species richness C31:40 kind；30~40 kinds；20~30 kinds；10~20 kinds；Less than 10 kinds；
10) environmental structure grass seeds C32: tall shrub (rattan bamboo)；Qiao fills or tall grass；Shrub；It is only a kind of；Without vegetation；
11) community continuum C33: continuous uniform distribution；Semicontinuous distribution；It is distributed from block；Scattered distribution；No vegetation point
Cloth；
12) vegetation coverage C34, species quantity turnover rate C35:> 75%；50%~75%；25%~50%；5%
~25%；≤ 5%；
13) base type C41: soil property interface is cleaned, with sandstone, gravel；Soil property interface, non sludge deposition and artificial
Covering；Soil property interface, a small amount of siltation and porous manually cover；Black thickness mud and more porous manually cover；Coagulation
Soil pours and non-permeable artificial covering；
14) terrain complexity C42: concave-convex fluctuating porous structure；Between two grades of front and back；There is hypsography in part；
Between two grades of front and back；It is hard that landform is straight；
15) hydrodynamic condition C43: water flow is naturally unobstructed；Flow velocity is more reasonable；Flow velocity is controlled by pump lock；Flow velocity is too fast or mistake
It is slow；Completely stagnant water；
16) water transparency C44:> 2m；1~2m；0.5~1m；0.2~0.5m；< 0.2m；
17) it water plant Type C 51: endures water, heavy water, swim to occur；Very water, heavy water；Very water, swim or sink water,
It swims；It is only a kind of；No water plant distribution；
18) more than zoobenthos number of species C52:20 kind；10~20 kinds；5~10 kinds；1~5 kind；Without water plant；
19) zoobenthos situation C53: biomass and richness are high, there is cleaning indicator species；Biomass is higher with richness；
There is resistant kind, biomass is medium；Only a small amount of resistant kind, biomass are very low；Without zoobenthos；
20) fish species C54: carnivorous, herbvore, filter-feeding fish occurs；Carnivorous, herbivorous fishes；Herbvore, filter
Feeding fish；Only filter-feeding fish；Without fish；
21) it is easy to hydrophily C61: completely open along the line；Between two grades of front and back；Designated position is open；Between front and back
Between two grades；It does not open completely；
22) water surface cleannes C62: the water surface is without any sundries；A small amount of floating plant；Accidental a small amount of rubbish；Often drift has rubbish
Rubbish；The water surface is very dirty；
23) shore bank band landscape C63: aspect is clearly demarcated, is laid out in picturesque disorder；Space configuration is graceful, but without Seasonal dynamics change；Season
Phase change is clearly demarcated, but space configuration is insufficient；Landscape change in time and space is more dull；Without change in time and space, single landscape is stiff；
24) infrastructure improves rate C71: infrastructure is sound without damage；Between two grades of front and back；Infrastructure has
Slight damage；Between two grades of front and back；Infrastructure does not match；
25) clean energy degree C72: photosynthesis pushes；Solar energy, wind energy；Use energy mix；Electric energy, power consumption compared with
It is few；Use a large amount of electric energy；
26) management system C73: management system has the function of supervision, routine check training layer by layer；Between front and back two
Between shelves；Between two grades of front and back；Between two grades of front and back；Without management system；
27) conserve difficulty C74: a small amount of nourishment, cost are very low once in a while；Need periodically a small amount of artificial investment；It needs
Regular more artificial investment；Need long-term a large amount of artificial investments；Long-term unmanned maintenance, it is weedy；
28) fleet's comprehensive pollution index C75: fleet's noise, water, air comprehensive level of pollution are very low；Fleet's noise, water,
Air comprehensive level of pollution is low；Fleet's noise, water, air comprehensive level of pollution are lower；Fleet's noise, water, air comprehensive pollution
It is horizontal medium；Fleet's noise, water, air comprehensive level of pollution are higher；
29) service area distributive law C76: spacing < 10km；10~20km of spacing；20~30km of spacing；Spacing 30~
40km；Spacing > 40km；
30) service area serviceability rate C77: service area provides service type multiplicity；Between two grades of front and back；Service area mentions
It is single for servicing；Between two grades of front and back；Without service area.
The ecology navigation channel accordance indicator sub-item stepping scores hierarchy of criteria schematic diagram referring to fig. 2.
The scoring rule system that the navigation channel ecology to be evaluated meets sex index URECI includes 9 scoring rules, specifically
It is as follows:
1) scoring rule 1: waterway engineering eco-environmental impact to be evaluated and countermeasure investigation are carried out in a deep going way, according to above-mentioned point
Item stepping scoring criterion, investigates and analyses the actual state of indices item by item, analyzes the score value value of evaluation index；
2) scoring rule 2: will 4 sub-indicator scores corresponding with A1 the power adduction such as to carry out average, obtain classification indicators
Value URECI-A1；
3) scoring rule 3: will 5 sub-indicator scores corresponding with B1 the power adduction such as to carry out average, obtain classification indicators
Value URECI-B1；
4) scoring rule 4: will 5 sub-indicator scores corresponding with B2 the power adduction such as to carry out average, obtain classification indicators
Value URECI-B2；
5) scoring rule 5: will 4 sub-indicator scores corresponding with B3 the power adduction such as to carry out average, obtain classification indicators
Value URECI-B3；
6) scoring rule 6: will 4 sub-indicator scores corresponding with B4 the power adduction such as to carry out average, obtain classification indicators
Value URECI-B4；
7) scoring rule 7: will 3 sub-indicator scores corresponding with A3 the power adduction such as to carry out average, obtain classification indicators
Value URECI-A3；
8) scoring rule 8: will 7 sub-indicator scores corresponding with A4 the power adduction such as to carry out average, obtain classification indicators
Value URECI-A4；
9) scoring rule 9: by above-mentioned classification indicators value URECI-A1, URECI-B1, URECI-B2, URECI-B3,
URECI-B4, URECI-A3, URECI-A4 such as carry out at the power adduction, and the ecology for obtaining navigation channel to be evaluated meets sex index URECI.
The navigation channel ecology meets sex index URECI scoring rule system schematic diagram referring to Fig. 3.
The evaluation criterion system of the ecology matching degree in navigation channel to be evaluated includes 5 interpretational criterias, specific as follows:
1) interpretational criteria 1: when the timesharing of URECI >=15, illustrate that the ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is very high；
2) interpretational criteria 2: when URECI < 15 divides and >=12 timesharing, illustrate that the ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is higher；
3) interpretational criteria 3: when URECI < 12 divides and >=10 timesharing, illustrate that the ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is general；
4) interpretational criteria 4: when URECI < 10 divides and >=5 timesharing, illustrate that the ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is lower；
5) interpretational criteria 5: when 5 timesharing of URECI <, illustrate that the ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is very low.
The evaluation criterion system schematic diagram of the navigation channel ecology matching degree is referring to fig. 4.
(3) advantage and effect
The present invention establishes a kind of with ecological navigation channel guiding and that operability, universality are strong symbol for waterway engineering
Conjunction property assessment indicator system framework, advantage and effect are embodied in following aspects:
1) the ecological navigation channel accordance classification index system constructed by contains safety, ecology, landscape, service four
32 indexs of class function, and then it is able to science, system, " the safety guarantee type, ecology for comprehensively, specifically reflecting ecological navigation channel
Construction type, environmental harmony type, people's water syntonic type " intension and representative index；
2) the ecological navigation channel accordance indicator sub-item stepping scoring hierarchy of criteria constructed by contains 32 indexs, 5 shelves
The qualitative or quantitative scoring criterion of next state, concentrated expression ecology navigation channel horizontal for the ecology after measurement navigation channel ecological construction
Nature and social property, instruct the construction and management in ecological navigation channel, evaluate its effect, provide it is clear, complete, full and accurate, can
The technical criteria system of quantification；
3) the navigation channel ecology constructed by meets commenting for sex index URECI scoring rule system and ecological navigation channel matching degree
The valence hierarchy of criteria is used with operability and universality and simplicity, URECI scoring rule and interpretational criteria easy to learn, and
The logical relation of waterway engineering eco-environmental impact to be evaluated and countermeasure investigation is highlighted and carries out in a deep going way, it is raw for measurement navigation channel
Ecology after state construction is horizontal, the nature and social property in concentrated expression ecology navigation channel, for instruct ecological navigation channel construction and
Management, evaluates its effect, the ecological navigation channel accordance for stepping up waterway construction and operation provides complete assessment technique work
Tool.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: ecological navigation channel accordance classification sub-indicator system schematic diagram；
Fig. 2: ecological navigation channel accordance indicator sub-item stepping scoring hierarchy of criteria schematic diagram；
Fig. 3: navigation channel ecology meets sex index URECI scoring rule system schematic diagram；
Fig. 4: the evaluation criterion system schematic diagram of navigation channel ecology matching degree；
Fig. 5: ecological navigation channel accordance evaluation index system configuration diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is specific implementation case with " 12.5 meters of deep water fairway thes second stage of the project below Changjiang River Nanjing ", passes through field research, money
Material is collected and comprehensive analysis, according to ecological navigation channel accordance evaluation index system framework, refers to every subitem of the waterway engineering
Mark scores according to the scoring hierarchy of criteria, and see Table 1 for details for specific scoring criterion.
1 sub-indicator of table evaluates score value criterion list
It is whole to have developed a variety of ecotypes for engineering section Eco-environmental Characteristics and protection demand for the case waterway engineering
Fabric structure is controlled, in engineering involved area, the restorations of the ecosystem such as artificial fish nest, biological floating bed is explored and attempts, calculate and analyze
Water body recovery technology concentration caused by tidal reaches are constructed influences intake and water head site, proposes protectiving scheme；It makes an uproar in research
On the basis of sound influences black finless porpoise, proposes that acoustics is driven and arranged with acoustics inductive technology, the ecological environmental protection for proposing overall process
Management method is granted, monitoring result shows that ecological effect is good, occurs during evaluation without ecological environment accident.
The specific appraisal result of every sub-indicator is as follows in the case engineering ecology accordance index:
C11 navigation width: according to the second stage of the project environmental monitoring general report, project profile chapters and sections retouch construction object
It states as that can meet 20 10,000 tons ships and pass through, comment 3 points.
C12 pass through curve: according to the second stage of the project environmental monitoring general report, by its project profile chapters and sections to construction criteria
Description with regulation works content comments 3 points it is found that navigation channel can meet 20 10,000 tons ships passes through.
C13 navigation mark very well equipped rate: according to the second stage of the project environmental monitoring general report, by its project profile chapters and sections to navigation mark
Adjust engineering description it is found that waterway engineering navigation mark very well equipped, comment 4 points.
C14 vision satisfaction: according to field research situation, the navigation channel visual field is broad, comments 4 points.
The shore C21 bank bandwidth: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to environmental protection mesh
The description of mark and engineering construction content, in conjunction with the description in the second stage of the project environmental monitoring general report to channel span, synthesis is examined
Amount, comments 1 point.
The shore the C22 bank band gradient: according to field research situation, shore bank band is mostly gentle slope, and comprehensive consideration comments 2 points.
C23 shore protection type: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to sequence of construction and work
The description of skill comments 2 points it is found that waterway engineering is mostly jackstone, slight slope low gear wall, concrete grid vegetation.
C24 longitudinal linkage: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to Environmental Status matter
It measures the description of evaluation conclusion and combines field research situation it is found that a small amount of barrier of Engineering Zone appearance, comments 3 points.
C25 cross connection: according to reconnaissance trip and Engineering Documents comprehensive analysis, the permeable boundary of waterway engineering shore protection
Face accounting about can reach 40~60%, comment 2 points.
C31 Species richness: according to " compensation of Zhenjiang Yantze globefish class Provincial Nature Reserve aquatic ecological and repairing effect
Monitoring and evaluation item achievement Report ", in April, 2018 and July acquire 8 kinds of water plant altogether, and wherein reed, garden sorrel and knotweed are
Sociales comment 0 point.
C32 ecotype structure grass seeds: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, environment is showed by it
The ecological environment part of shape quality evaluation conclusion describes it is found that waterway engineering land-based area natural vegetation can be divided into 4 seed types, and 3
Group is group, 11 groups.Comment 3 points.
C33 community continuum: according to field research situation, community continuum is poor, and mostly blocking distribution comments 2 points.
C34 vegetation coverage: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to Environmental Status matter
The description for measuring evaluation conclusion is analyzed in conjunction with field research information summary it is found that vegetation coverage between 25%~50%, comments 2
Point.
C35 species quantity turnover rate: according to " Zhenjiang Yantze globefish class Provincial Nature Reserve aquatic ecological is compensated and repaired
Effect monitoring and evaluation item achievement Report " and other related monitoring report comprehensive analysis, construction time and test operation phase water
Raw biological species quantity, although being decreased obviously, can still control substantially 25%~50% compared with environmental impact assessment stage monitoring result
Range, comment 2 points.
C41 base type: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to sequence of construction and work
Description and the river bottom protection engineering construction situation of skill have a small amount of siltation and porous it is found that Engineering Zone is mostly soil property interface
Artificial covering, comments 2 points.
C42 terrain complexity: analyzing according to project content, and engineering bottom part landform has fluctuating, comments 2 points.
C43 hydrodynamic condition: analyzing according to the hydrodynamic model in model application chapters and sections, and waterway engineering water surface is wider
Wealthy, flow velocity is more reasonable, comments 3 points.
C44 water transparency: according to field research situation it is found that engineering water area water-quality is relatively muddy, low visibility comments 1
Point.
C51 water plant type: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to aquatic ecological
The water plant of investigation describes it is found that mostly submerged plant in conjunction with investigation situation comments 2 points.
C52 zoobenthos number of species: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to aquatic
The zoobenthos of Ecological Investigation describes it is found that except Tongzhou sand shoal is lower than 20 kinds, remaining all at 20 kinds or more, comments 3 points.
C53 zoobenthos situation: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to aquatic ecological
The description of investigation comments 3 points it is found that the biomass of engineering waters zoobenthos is higher with richness.
C54 fish species: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, fish are influenced to investigate by it
Description it is found that engineering waters fish species are abundant, mostly carnivorous, herbivorous fishes comment 3 points.
C61 is easy to hydrophily: according to field research situation it is found that being semi-open state along river, commenting 3 points.
C62 water surface cleannes: visually clear according to field research situation it is found that the river water surface is in addition to having a small amount of floating plant
It is clean, comment 3 points.
The shore C63 bank band landscape: according to field research situation it is found that bank band Seasonal dynamics change in this engineering shore is clearly demarcated, but space is matched
Deficiency is set, comments 2 points.
C71 infrastructure improves rate: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to environmental impact assessment report
Accuse from the point of view of requiring the analysis of carrying out measures situation, artificial fish nest, ecological floating island scale adjusted, in Jiangsu Province ocean
Under the unified leadership and deployment of Fishery Bureau, selected to meet local environment feature it is effective release scheme.Comment 3 points.
C72 clean energy degree: can be from the aspect of eco-energy and air-energy two, ecology aspect: according to ecosystem knot
The description of structure and functional completeness is it is found that waterway engineering makes some microhabitats for being imbued with feature disappear；In terms of air: due to work
Journey position requires still have larger room for improvement to the cleannes of the energy, according to investigation it is found that riverboat not in emission control area
The energy saving reduction mode such as LNG, bank electricity and low stream oil is only not yet generallyd use, comments 2 points.
C73 management system: waterway engineering is entrusted by headquarter and has managed multinomial ecological protection and research project, is managed
System is fairly perfect, comments 3 points.
C74 conserve difficulty: according to for dredging, cut the case where beach description it is found that waterway engineering, which belongs to, needs maintainability
The case where dredging, comments 2 points.
C75 fleet comprehensive pollution indexes: according to investigation it is found that inland river pollution caused by entirety is more tight in fleet's construction
Weight, comments 0 point.
C76 service area distributive law: according to the second stage of the project Report of Environmental Protection Acceptance Check, by it to environment impact assessment statement
It is required that the service facility distributive law that artificial floating island etc. improves Ecosystem Service is lower from the point of view of the analysis of carrying out measures situation, remove
Except this, the similar service facility for comprehensively considering upstream and downstream construction is still rare, comments 1 point.
C77 service area serviceability rate: according to " Jingjiang Section of Yangtze River Eriocheir sinensis mandarin fish national level Fish Germplasm Resources are protected
The compensation of area's aquatic ecological and repairing effect monitoring and evaluation item achievement Report ", Jingjiang protection zone artificial fish nest and ecological floating island
Construction project passes through expert's examination on January 5th, 2018, have artificial fish nest, ecological floating island and fry raise and train etc. it is ecological
Service function comments 2 points.
The scoring rule system for meeting sex index URECI according to navigation channel ecology devises ecological navigation channel accordance marking
Table, see Table 2 for details, obtain URECI-A1=3.50, URECI-B1=2.00, URECI-B2=1.80, URECI-B3=2.00,
URECI-B4=2.75, URECI-A3=2.67, URECI-A4=1.86, the power of grade sum it up to obtain the second stage of the project ecology accordance
Index URECI is 16.58 > 15, is judged according to the evaluation criterion system of navigation channel ecology matching degree, the case waterway engineering
Ecological accordance is very high.
By comprehensive survey, marking, the evaluation conclusion of " ecological accordance is very high " is obtained.The ecology of case waterway engineering
The specific example of waterway construction includes:
1. having developed ecological slope protection, row in engineering design for engineering section Eco-environmental Characteristics and protection demand
The regulating structures structures such as body, dam body, river bottom protection, shield beach are also aquatile construction while reaching Project Renovation effect
Suitable habitat.
2. in the impacted the Changjiang river tidal reaches region of engineering, the restorations of the ecosystem measure effect such as artificial fish nest, biological floating bed
Obviously, floating bed plant grows fine, and the planktonic organism amount of fish nest increases.
3. Anti-pollution barrier is arranged around intake of the tidal reaches by Effects on Engineering, it is outstanding that water body caused by construction can be reduced
Influence of the floating object concentration to intake and water head site has centainly for reducing total phosphorus and COD concentration near intake
Effect.
4. the acoustics of proposition drives technology and acoustics inductive technology, can subtract on the basis of noise influences to study on black finless porpoise
Few work progress has an adverse effect to black finless porpoise and potential harm.
5. the Discussion On Ecological Environment Protection Measures and management method of overall process, the environment that engineering construction can be effectively reduced influences.3
The fishery increment in year releases, and can maintain the diversity and total amount of engineering section aquatile, it is aquatic to section to mitigate engineering construction
Biomass and multifarious adverse effect.
From marking analysis as can be seen that although comprehensive score has reached the very high class of ecological accordance, following boat
Road engineering construction in terms of the indexs such as shore bank bandwidth, Species richness, fleet's comprehensive pollution indexes, service area distributive law still
Have greatly improved space.
The ecological navigation channel accordance marking table of table 2
Claims (5)
1. a kind of ecology navigation channel accordance evaluation index system framework, it is characterized in that, including a set of ecological navigation channel accordance classification
Gradation index system further includes ecological navigation channel accordance indicator sub-item stepping scoring corresponding with indices in the index system
The hierarchy of criteria, and sub-indicator score is added up to the scoring rule system for meeting sex index URECI for navigation channel ecology to be evaluated,
And including the evaluation criterion system for determining ecology matching degree in navigation channel to be evaluated according to URECI score.
The gradation index system 2. ecology navigation channel accordance according to claim 1 is classified, it is characterized in that:
2.1 are made of three 8 class classification indicators of level and its 32 sub-indicators for being included, wherein
2.1.1 the first level includes 4 class classification indicators: security function A1, ecological functions A2, landscape function A3, service function
A4；
2.1.2 A2 classification indicators are further divided into 4 class classification indicators by the second level, are respectively as follows: shore bank band habitat B1, shore bank
Band biology B2, sedimentary habitat B3, sedimentary biology B4；
2.1.3 third level includes 32 sub-indicators；
2.2 32 sub-indicators of the third level refer to the classification of this 7 class of described A1, B1, B2, B3, B4, A3, A4 respectively
Mark corresponding, specific corresponding relationship is as follows:
2.2.1 the corresponding navigation width C 11 of A1 classification indicators, pass through curve C12, navigation mark very well equipped rate C13, vision are satisfied
Spend this 4 sub-indicators of C14；
2.2.2 B1 classification indicators correspond to C21, shore bank band gradient C22, shore protection Type C 23, longitudinal linkage C24, cross connection
This 5 sub-indicators of property C25；
2.2.3 B2 classification indicators correspond to Species richness C31, environmental structure grass seeds C32, community continuum C33, vegetation and cover
This 5 sub-indicators of lid rate C34, species quantity turnover rate C35；
2.2.4 B3 classification indicators correspond to base type C41, terrain complexity C42, hydrodynamic condition C43, water transparency C44
This 4 sub-indicators；
2.2.5 B4 classification indicators correspond to water plant Type C 51, zoobenthos number of species C52, zoobenthos situation C53,
This 4 sub-indicators of fish species C54；
2.2.6 corresponding hydrophily C61, water surface cleannes C62, shore bank band this 3 subitems of landscape C63 of being easy to of A3 classification indicators refer to
Mark；
2.2.7 A4 classification indicators correspond to infrastructure and improve rate C71, clean energy degree C72, management system C73, maintenance difficulty or ease
Spend C74, fleet comprehensive pollution index C75, service area distributive law C76, service area serviceability rate C77 this 7 sub-indicators.
The hierarchy of criteria 3. ecology navigation channel accordance indicator sub-item stepping according to claim 1 scores, it is characterized in that:
3.1 include the qualitative or quantitative assessment criteria and 5 of 32 sub-indicators, 5 class situations as claimed in claim 2
The unified value principle of a class index score value；Wherein, the situation of indices difference class is incremented by with class and is gradually deteriorated, respectively
The score value of item index difference class is incremented by with class all successively takes 4,3,2,1,0 points；
The qualitative or quantitative assessment criteria of 3.2 above-mentioned 32 sub-indicators, 5 class situations is specific as follows:
3.2.1 open the navigation or air flight width C 11, pass through curve C12: guarantee 2 ten 10,000 tons ships pass through side by side；Between two grades of front and back it
Between；Guarantee that 2 10,000 tons ships pass through side by side；Between two grades of front and back；10,000 tons ship can not pass through；
3.2.2 navigation mark very well equipped rate C13: sailing direction, marker, special mark are complete；Between two grades of front and back；
Between two grades of front and back；Between two grades of front and back；No marks or mark are unobvious；
3.2.3 vision satisfaction C14: the visual field is spacious and well-lighted unobstructed；Between two grades of front and back；Between two grades of front and back；
Between two grades of front and back；The visual field is bad；
3.2.4 1 times of shore bank bandwidth C21:> river width；0.5~1 times of >；0.25~0.5 times of >；0.1~0.25 times of >；≤
0.1 times；
3.2.5 shore bank band gradient C22:0~10 °；10 °~30 °；30 °~60 °；60 °~90 °；90°；
3.2.6 shore protection Type C 23: natural prototype；Artificial near-nature forest type；Jackstone, slight slope low gear wall, concrete grid vegetation；Heap
Stone grouts stone, laid dry stone；Concrete；
3.2.7 longitudinal linkage C24: shore bank band is unimpeded；A small amount of barrier；It interrupts 1~2 time；It interrupts 3~5 times；Interrupt 5 times with
On；
3.2.8 cross connection C25: permeable interface > 80%；60%~80%；40%~60%；20%~40%；<
20%；
3.2.9 more than Species richness C31:40 kind；30~40 kinds；20~30 kinds；10~20 kinds；Less than 10 kinds；
3.2.10 environmental structure grass seeds C32: tall shrub (rattan bamboo)；Qiao fills or tall grass；Shrub；It is only a kind of；Without vegetation；
3.2.11 community continuum C33: continuous uniform distribution；Semicontinuous distribution；It is distributed from block；Scattered distribution；No vegetation point
Cloth；
3.2.12 vegetation coverage C34, species quantity turnover rate C35:> 75%；50%~75%；25%~50%；5%~
25%；≤ 5%；
3.2.13 base type C41: cleaning soil property interface, with sandstone, gravel；Soil property interface, non sludge deposition；Soil property circle
Face, a small amount of siltation；Black thickness mud；Concreting；
3.2.14 terrain complexity C42: concave-convex fluctuating porous structure；Between two grades of front and back；There is hypsography in part；
Between two grades of front and back；It is hard that landform is straight；
3.2.15 hydrodynamic condition C43: water flow is naturally unobstructed；Flow velocity is more reasonable；Flow velocity is controlled by pump lock；Flow velocity is too fast or mistake
It is slow；Completely stagnant water；
3.2.16 water transparency C44:> 2m；1~2m；0.5~1m；0.2~0.5m；< 0.2m；
3.2.17 water plant Type C 51: very water, heavy water, swim to occur；Very water, heavy water；Very water, swim or sink water,
It swims；It is only a kind of；No water plant distribution；
3.2.18 more than zoobenthos number of species C52:20 kind；10~20 kinds；5~10 kinds；1~5 kind；Without water plant；
3.2.19 zoobenthos situation C53: biomass and richness are high, there is cleaning indicator species；Biomass is higher with richness；
There is resistant kind, biomass is medium；Only a small amount of resistant kind, biomass are very low；Without zoobenthos；
3.2.20 fish species C54: carnivorous, herbvore, filter-feeding fish occurs；Carnivorous, herbivorous fishes；Herbvore, filter food
Property fish；Only filter-feeding fish；Without fish；
3.2.21 it is easy to hydrophily C61: completely open along the line；Between two grades of front and back；Designated position is open；Between front and back
Between two grades；It does not open completely；
3.2.22 water surface cleannes C62: the water surface is without any sundries；A small amount of floating plant；Accidental a small amount of rubbish；Often drift has rubbish
Rubbish；The water surface is very dirty；
3.2.23 shore bank is with landscape C63: aspect is clearly demarcated, is laid out in picturesque disorder；Space configuration is graceful, but without Seasonal dynamics change；Aspect
Variation is clearly demarcated, but space configuration is insufficient；Landscape change in time and space is more dull；Without change in time and space, single landscape is stiff；
3.2.24 infrastructure improves rate C71: infrastructure is sound without damage；Between two grades of front and back；Infrastructure has gently
Micro- damage；Between two grades of front and back；Infrastructure does not match；
3.2.25 clean energy degree C72: photosynthesis pushes；Solar energy, wind energy；Use energy mix；Electric energy, power consumption are less；
Use a large amount of electric energy；
3.2.26 management system C73: management system has the function of supervision, routine check training layer by layer；Between two grades of front and back
Between；Between two grades of front and back；Between two grades of front and back；Without management system；
3.2.27 conserve difficulty C74: a small amount of nourishment, cost are very low once in a while；Need periodically a small amount of artificial investment；It needs
Regular more artificial investment；Need long-term a large amount of artificial investments；Long-term unmanned maintenance, it is weedy；
3.2.28 fleet's comprehensive pollution index C75: fleet's noise, water, air comprehensive level of pollution are very low；Fleet's noise, water,
Air comprehensive level of pollution is low；Fleet's noise, water, air comprehensive level of pollution are lower；Fleet's noise, water, air comprehensive pollution
It is horizontal medium；Fleet's noise, water, air comprehensive level of pollution are higher；
3.2.29 service area distributive law C76: spacing < 10km；10~20km of spacing；20~30km of spacing；30~40km of spacing；
Spacing > 40km；
3.2.30 service area serviceability rate C77: service area provides service type multiplicity；Between two grades of front and back；Service area provides
It services single；Between two grades of front and back；Without service area.
4. navigation channel ecology to be evaluated according to claim 1 meets the scoring rule system of sex index URECI, feature
Are as follows:
4.1 scoring criterion according to claim 3 investigate and analyse the practical shape of indices described in claim 2 item by item
Condition, the score value value of analysis assessment indices；
4.2 32 sub-indicators according to claim 2 and this 7 class classification indicators of A1, B1, B2, B3, B4, A3, A4
Corresponding relationship, power sum it up sub-indicator score value belonging to every class classification indicators and take its mean value respectively etc., obtain each classification indicators
Ecology meets sex index URECI-A1, URECI-B1, URECI-B2, URECI-B3, URECI-B4, URECI-A3, URECI-A4；
Each classification indicators ecology is met sex index by 4.3 the power such as to be carried out and sums it up, and ecology accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is obtained
Index URECI.
5. the evaluation criterion system of ecology matching degree in navigation channel to be evaluated according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: according to power
Benefit requires the 4 resulting score values of rule, the ecological accordance in navigation channel is judged by following interpretational criteria: when the timesharing of URECI >=15, explanation
The ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is very high；When URECI < 15 divides and >=12 timesharing, illustrate the ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated
It is higher；When URECI < 12 divides and >=10 timesharing, illustrate that the ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is general；When URECI < 10 divide and >=
5 timesharing illustrate that the ecological accordance in navigation channel to be evaluated is lower；When 5 timesharing of URECI <, illustrate that the ecology in navigation channel to be evaluated meets
Property is very low.
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| CN112913729A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Method for determining fish habitat type proportion in inland waterway wetland construction |
| CN113673018A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-19 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Channel renovation building technical condition evaluation system for engineering maintenance |
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