CN110007220B - Method and device for diagnosing operating state of circuit breaker mechanism - Google Patents
Method and device for diagnosing operating state of circuit breaker mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN110007220B CN110007220B CN201910243794.7A CN201910243794A CN110007220B CN 110007220 B CN110007220 B CN 110007220B CN 201910243794 A CN201910243794 A CN 201910243794A CN 110007220 B CN110007220 B CN 110007220B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for diagnosing the running state of a circuit breaker mechanism, which comprises the following steps: testing and simulating each type of opening and closing coil according to preset fault type, temperature and voltage to obtain a current sample, and constructing a coil database according to the current sample; the coil database comprises normal current curves, various fault current curves, temperature coefficients and voltage coefficients corresponding to the opening and closing coils of various types; the method comprises the steps of collecting current of a switching-on/off coil to be tested, diagnosing the current of the switching-off/switching-on coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operation state diagnosis result, updating the coil database by using the operation state diagnosis result, establishing corresponding coil databases aiming at the switching-on/switching-off coils of different models to ensure the pertinence and accuracy of diagnosis, diagnosing fault types, effectively improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis, expanding and updating the coil database in real time and having good applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical engineering measurement, in particular to a method and a device for diagnosing the running state of a circuit breaker mechanism.
Background
In recent years, with the increase of the load of the power grid and the improvement of the requirement of users on the reliability of power utilization, the requirement of the power system on the power equipment is more and more strict. The circuit breaker, one of the most important power devices in the power system, plays a role in controlling a load current in a normal state when the load current is electrified, and also plays a role in protecting abnormal current carrying, opening and closing within a predetermined time, and therefore, a fault of the circuit breaker may cause a serious grid accident.
According to the statistical data of actual operation, the most of breaker faults are caused by mechanism faults, and the mechanism defects are found in time, so that the method has important application values for improving the power supply reliability of the system and prolonging the service life of the breaker. There are many types of circuit breaker mechanism faults, including: jamming and deformation of the body mechanism; the opening and closing operation cannot be triggered due to poor contact of the opening and closing coil; the breakdown of the coil internal insulation causes a secondary circuit short circuit and the like. At present, an evaluation method for a circuit breaker mechanism is mainly an envelope curve method, according to national standard GB1984-2003 high-voltage alternating-current circuit breaker, upward rising and downward falling of a normal opening and closing coil current curve are taken as standard envelope curves, and when an actual curve exceeds the envelope curve range, a fault is considered to occur. The method does not consider the differences of different types and application environments of the opening and closing coils, namely the fingerprint information of the coils is not considered, and the fault type cannot be judged, so that the fault reason cannot be accurately found.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for diagnosing the operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism, which can effectively solve the problem that the fault reason of the circuit breaker cannot be accurately found in the prior art, can establish a corresponding coil database aiming at switching-on and switching-off coils of different types, and can effectively improve the pertinence and the accuracy of diagnosis.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for diagnosing an operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism, including:
testing and simulating each type of opening and closing coil according to preset fault type, temperature and voltage to obtain a current sample, and constructing a coil database according to the current sample; the coil database comprises normal current curves, various fault current curves, temperature coefficients and voltage coefficients corresponding to the opening and closing coils of various types;
and diagnosing the collected current of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operation state diagnosis result, and updating the coil database by using the operation state diagnosis result.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the testing and simulation of each model of opening and closing coil are performed according to preset fault type, temperature and voltage to obtain a current sample, and a coil database is constructed according to the current sample, specifically:
collecting normal currents of various types of opening and closing coils to obtain normal current curves of a plurality of opening and closing coils, and calculating an average curve and a standard deviation of the normal current curves;
testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents under different voltages to obtain a proportionality coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset voltage threshold value as a voltage coefficient;
testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents at different temperatures to obtain a proportional coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset field temperature threshold value as a temperature coefficient;
testing or simulating the opening and closing coils of various types according to preset fault types to obtain the current of the opening and closing coils of various types, so as to obtain various fault current curves of the opening and closing coils;
and constructing a coil database according to the normal current curve, the fault current curves, the temperature coefficient, the voltage coefficient and the standard deviation of the opening and closing coils of different types.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the diagnosing the collected current of the switching-on/off coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operation state diagnosis result, and updating the coil database by using the operation state diagnosis result includes:
collecting the current of the opening and closing coil to be tested, and obtaining a current curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
simulating mechanism fault parameters influencing the current curve, and extracting the influence rule of different faults on the current curve; the mechanism fault parameters comprise coil voltage, coil resistance, coil turns, iron core gaps and iron core resistance;
and judging whether the opening and closing coil to be tested has a fault and the fault type of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to a preset normal current range envelope curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested and the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the method comprises a method for constructing the envelope of the normal current range:
determining the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
measuring the voltage and the field temperature of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
acquiring a temperature coefficient, a voltage coefficient, a normal average current curve and a standard deviation corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database;
determining the reference current under the field temperature and the voltage according to the temperature coefficient and the voltage coefficient, and obtaining a reference average current curve;
and based on the reference current curve, adding and subtracting the standard deviation of preset times to obtain a normal current range envelope curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested.
As an improvement of the above, the method further comprises:
extracting characteristic values of the current curve according to the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters, and using the characteristic values as the basis of a diagnosis algorithm;
when the characteristic value is detected to be within a preset normal threshold range, judging that the circuit breaker mechanism is in a normal state, and obtaining a first diagnosis result;
and updating the opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be detected in the coil database according to the first diagnosis result and the current curve.
As an improvement of the above, the method further comprises:
when any one characteristic value is detected to be within a preset fault threshold value range, judging that the circuit breaker breaks down, and obtaining a second diagnosis result;
diagnosing by adopting a preset support vector machine classification model according to the preset fault type to obtain a fault type corresponding to the second diagnosis result;
and updating the opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested in the coil database according to the current curve, the second diagnosis result and the corresponding fault type.
As an improvement of the above solution, the method further includes the step of constructing the classification model of the support vector machine:
changing the mechanism fault parameters to obtain the change rule of the characteristic value of the current curve;
normalizing the characteristic value according to the change rule to obtain a characteristic parameter;
presetting a normal threshold and the fault threshold according to the characteristic parameters;
and training a pre-established support vector machine according to the characteristic parameters and the preset fault type to obtain the support vector machine classification model.
Another embodiment of the present invention correspondingly provides a device for diagnosing an operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism, including:
the coil database construction module is used for testing and simulating each type of opening and closing coil according to preset fault types, temperature and voltage to obtain a current sample, and constructing a coil database according to the current sample; the coil database comprises normal current curves, various fault current curves, temperature coefficients and voltage coefficients corresponding to the opening and closing coils of various types;
and the diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the collected current of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operation state diagnosis result, and updating the coil database by using the operation state diagnosis result.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for diagnosing the operating state of the circuit breaker mechanism disclosed by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the current sample is obtained by testing and simulating each type of opening and closing coil according to the preset fault type, temperature and voltage, the coil database is constructed according to the current sample, the coil database comprises the normal current curve, each fault current curve, the temperature coefficient and the voltage coefficient corresponding to each type of opening and closing coil, the collected current of the opening and closing coil to be tested is diagnosed according to the coil database to obtain the operating state diagnosis result, the coil database can be updated by using the operating state diagnosis result, the corresponding coil database can be established for the opening and closing coils of different types, the pertinence and the accuracy of diagnosis are ensured, and meanwhile, the fault type can be diagnosed, the accuracy of fault diagnosis can be effectively improved, and the coil database can be expanded and updated in real time, so that the method has good applicability.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a device for diagnosing an operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the processor implements the method for diagnosing an operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism according to the above embodiment of the present invention when executing the computer program.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, where when the computer program runs, the apparatus where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the method for diagnosing an operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for diagnosing an operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the construction of a coil database provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the construction of a normal current range envelope provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a fault diagnosis method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an operating state diagnosing apparatus for a circuit breaker mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for diagnosing an operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, including:
s110, testing and simulating each type of opening and closing coil according to preset fault types, temperature and voltage to obtain a current sample, and constructing a coil database according to the current sample; and the coil database comprises normal current curves, various fault current curves, temperature coefficients and voltage coefficients corresponding to the opening and closing coils of various types.
It will be appreciated that the coil database, as initially constructed, serves as an initial basis for diagnosis. And the normal current curve in the coil database is repeatedly acquired for multiple times of the current of each type of normal opening and closing coil when the circuit breaker leaves a factory. The various fault current curves are obtained by establishing an initial fault library according to different preset fault types, acquiring current characteristic curves under different fault states aiming at coils of various types through a field test and a laboratory simulation method, and extracting characteristic parameters of the curves to serve as specific labels of the fault types. Wherein the characteristic parameter may be a current peak, a current valley, a peak time, a valley time, and a current maximum. The specific label of the fault type is a characteristic parameter value range corresponding to each fault type and is used for diagnosing the fault type.
Preferably, collecting normal currents of various types of opening and closing coils to obtain normal current curves of a plurality of opening and closing coils, and calculating an average curve and a standard deviation of the normal current curves;
testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents under different voltages to obtain a proportionality coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset voltage threshold value as a voltage coefficient;
testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents at different temperatures to obtain a proportional coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset field temperature threshold value as a temperature coefficient;
testing or simulating the opening and closing coils of various types according to preset fault types to obtain the current of the opening and closing coils of various types, so as to obtain various fault current curves of the opening and closing coils;
and constructing a coil database according to the normal current curve, the fault current curves, the temperature coefficient, the voltage coefficient and the standard deviation of the opening and closing coils of different types.
The acquisition of the opening and closing coil current can be directly measured by an induction coil probe, and no other limiting condition is added for the current in the actual working of the circuit breaker mechanism. The fault types can be voltage instability, poor contact, iron core jamming, turn-to-turn short circuit, abnormal gap between a moving iron core and a static iron core and insufficient lubrication of a switching-on and switching-off brake.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, it is a flow chart of the coil database according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes selecting 5 groups of coils with different batches and models for experimental research, where each group includes 5 coils. Normal and fault simulation experiments were performed on all 5 coils to determine the degree of dispersion (i.e., standard deviation) of the model coils. Meanwhile, the set fault types comprise voltage instability, poor contact, jamming of the iron core, turn-to-turn short circuit and abnormal gap between the moving iron core and the static iron core.
The normal simulation experiment was to measure the coil under normal conditions (supply voltage 220V, coil resistance 79 Ω (field temperature 27 ℃). For one set, 10 curves were sampled for each coil for a total of 50 curves. And calculating the average value and the standard deviation of the normal current of each group of coils to further obtain the average current curve and the standard deviation of the 50 normal current curves.
And determining voltage coefficients, selecting 1 coil from one group, changing the voltage within the range of 140-260V, obtaining a curve at each voltage level, wherein the voltage interval is 10V, obtaining 13 curves at each voltage level, and generating the proportionality coefficients of the normal current curve and the average current curve at different voltages through interpolation.
And determining the temperature coefficient, selecting 1 coil for one group, measuring the coil at-10-70 ℃ (the interval temperature is 10 ℃) and sampling 1 curve at each field temperature, wherein 9 curves are obtained in total, and generating the proportionality coefficient of the normal current curve and the average current curve at different field temperatures by interpolation.
Fault simulation tests, including voltage instability faults: at 65%, 80%, 90% and 120% of the nominal 220V voltage, 5 coils, 3 curves were sampled for each voltage level, for a total of 60 curves. Poor contact failure: 5 coils, the loop resistance is changed to 120%, 130%, 140% and 150% of the original resistance, each coil samples 3 curves with each different resistance, and the total number of the curves is 60. Abnormal clearance between the moving iron core and the static iron core: 5 coils, changing the gap to 30%, 50%, 150% and 170% of the original gap, each coil sampling 3 curves for each different gap, for a total of 60 curves. Turn-to-turn short circuit: the number of specially-made turns is 1600 turns, 1200 turns and 800 turns which are 5 respectively. Each coil collects 3 currents, the total number is 45, simulation is carried out simultaneously, and the number of turns is changed to 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% of the number of normal turns. And (3) jamming of the iron core: 5 coils are respectively tested by 3 springs with different stiffness coefficients, each coil collects 3 currents, the total number of the currents is 45, and simulation is carried out simultaneously, wherein resistance is changed into 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% of normal resistance.
It should be noted that the initially established coil database is established in advance by an experimental method, and in subsequent practical use, the coil database can be updated and expanded in real time according to the measurement result, so that the coil database has a machine learning function. And whether the coil database is updated or not and whether the coil database is expanded or not are determined manually, so that the accuracy of the fingerprint database can be prevented from being damaged by inputting bad data.
And S120, diagnosing the collected current of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operation state diagnosis result, and updating the coil database by using the operation state diagnosis result.
Specifically, the current of the opening and closing coil to be tested is collected, and a current curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested is obtained;
simulating mechanism fault parameters influencing the current curve, and extracting the influence rule of different faults on the current curve; the mechanism fault parameters comprise coil voltage, coil resistance, coil turns, iron core gaps and iron core resistance;
and judging whether the opening and closing coil to be tested has a fault and the fault type of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to a preset normal current range envelope curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested and the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters.
The method for diagnosing the operating state of the circuit breaker mechanism further comprises a method for constructing the envelope curve of the normal current range:
determining the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
measuring the voltage and the field temperature of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
acquiring a temperature coefficient, a voltage coefficient, a normal average current curve and a standard deviation corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database;
determining the reference current under the field temperature and the voltage according to the temperature coefficient and the voltage coefficient, and obtaining a reference average current curve;
and based on the reference current curve, adding and subtracting the standard deviation of preset times to obtain a normal current range envelope curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested.
The raw data of the current curve needs to be preprocessed, and feature parameter extraction is performed on the basis of the preprocessed raw data. Wherein the original parameters comprise a peak point, a valley point and a slope of the curve.
Referring to fig. 3, it is a flow chart for constructing a normal current range envelope according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the flow chart includes first linking the coil database to search for a coil model corresponding to the opening/closing coil to be tested, collecting a field temperature and a voltage, and reading a temperature coefficient, a voltage coefficient, and a standard deviation of the coil of the corresponding model. And determining the reference current under the field temperature and the voltage according to the voltage coefficient and the temperature coefficient, wherein the reference current is factory test current. And constructing a normal current range envelope curve by adding and subtracting the standard deviation of the preset multiple based on the reference current curve, wherein the normal current range envelope curve is used as a basis for diagnosis visual display, and is convenient for workers to judge. For example, the preset multiple may be 3 times. And when the current curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested is in the envelope curve of the normal current range, judging that the circuit breaker is possibly in a normal state. And when the current curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested exceeds the envelope curve of the normal current range, judging that the circuit breaker is possibly in a fault state.
By way of example, the normal threshold and the fault threshold may be set by:
and (3) extracting 5 characteristic parameters of each current curve and 5 characteristic parameters of the average current curve by using an analytical method for normalization processing. And training a support vector machine model by using the characteristic parameters after the normalization processing and the specific labels of the fault types to obtain a support vector machine classification model, namely a coil fault database in a coil database.
Preferably, a normal threshold range, voltage +/-5%, resistance +/-5%, gap +/-0.5 mm, turn +/-5% and resistance +/-5% are preset, namely the maximum characteristic parameter is taken as the normal threshold. The fault threshold range is preset, wherein the voltage is 65% and 120%, the resistance is 150%, the gap is 30% and 170%, the number of turns is 80%, and the resistance is 10%, namely the minimum characteristic parameter is taken as the fault threshold.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a fault diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Further, characteristic values of the current curve are extracted according to the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters and serve as the basis of a diagnosis algorithm.
In an alternative embodiment of step S120, the operating state of the circuit breaker may be diagnosed as normal by the following steps:
when the characteristic value is detected to be within a preset normal threshold range, judging that the circuit breaker mechanism is in a normal state, and obtaining a first diagnosis result;
and updating the opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be detected in the coil database according to the first diagnosis result and the current curve.
In an alternative embodiment of step S120, the operation state of the circuit breaker can be diagnosed as a fault and the fault type thereof can be determined by the following steps:
when any one characteristic value is detected to be within a preset fault threshold value range, judging that the circuit breaker breaks down, and obtaining a second diagnosis result;
diagnosing by adopting a preset support vector machine classification model according to the preset fault type to obtain a fault type corresponding to the second diagnosis result;
and updating the opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested in the coil database according to the current curve, the second diagnosis result and the corresponding fault type.
The support vector machine classification model construction method comprises the following steps:
changing the mechanism fault parameters to obtain the change rule of the characteristic value of the current curve;
normalizing the characteristic value according to the change rule to obtain a characteristic parameter;
presetting a normal threshold and the fault threshold according to the characteristic parameters;
and training a pre-established support vector machine according to the characteristic parameters and the preset fault type to obtain the support vector machine classification model.
The Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a novel general machine learning method based on a statistical learning theory framework, not only well solves the practical application problems of small samples, over-learning, high dimensionality, local minimum and the like which plague many learning methods in the past, but also has strong generalization capability, and provides a feasible and effective way for solving the classification problem and time series prediction modeling. In this embodiment, as the number of times of diagnosis increases, the support vector machine classification model is continuously trained to be updated in real time, so as to ensure the accuracy of diagnosis. Further, characteristic conditions of the coil under different fault modes are simulated respectively, wherein the characteristic conditions comprise coil voltage, coil resistance, coil turns, iron core gaps and resistance, further characteristic parameters of coil current under the characteristic conditions are extracted and subjected to normalization processing to obtain characteristic parameters, further a normal threshold value and a fault threshold value of the model are set, and therefore a pre-established support vector machine is trained to obtain a support vector machine classification model.
It is understood that the diagnosis is performed by combining the normal threshold and the failure threshold set after the normalization process with the coil database described above. And when the 5 characteristic parameters are detected to be within the normal threshold range, judging that the operating state of the circuit breaker is normal, directly outputting a current curve and a first diagnosis result, and selectively updating a coil database. And when detecting that one characteristic parameter is within the fault threshold range, judging that the operating state of the circuit breaker is a fault, early warning the second diagnosis result, diagnosing the fault type by using a support vector machine classification model, outputting the fault type, a current curve and the second diagnosis result, and selectively updating the data of the opening and closing coil of the model in a coil database. For example, the warning may be generated by connecting a light emitting diode to a circuit or generating a warning signal to a display to display the warning.
The method for diagnosing the operating state of the circuit breaker mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of constructing a coil database according to a pre-obtained current sample, wherein the coil database comprises a normal current curve, various fault current curves, a temperature coefficient and a voltage coefficient, diagnosing the acquired current of a switching-on/off coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operating state diagnosis result, updating the coil database according to the operating state diagnosis result, establishing corresponding coil databases aiming at different types of switching-on/off coils, ensuring the pertinence of diagnosis, diagnosing fault types, effectively improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis, considering the influence of environmental temperature, ensuring the accuracy of the diagnosis result, and expanding and updating the coil database in real time, the method has good applicability and expansibility, and can effectively improve the reliability of the diagnosis result along with the increase of the diagnosis times.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an operating state diagnosing apparatus for a circuit breaker mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The coil database construction module 210 is configured to perform testing and simulation on each type of opening and closing coil according to preset fault type, temperature and voltage to obtain a current sample, and construct a coil database according to the current sample; the coil database comprises normal current curves, various fault current curves, temperature coefficients and voltage coefficients corresponding to the opening and closing coils of various types;
and the diagnosis module 220 is configured to diagnose the collected current of the switching-on/off coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operation state diagnosis result, and update the coil database by using the operation state diagnosis result.
Preferably, the coil database construction module 210 includes:
the normal current curve analysis unit is used for collecting normal currents of various types of opening and closing coils, obtaining normal current curves of a plurality of opening and closing coils, and calculating an average curve and a standard deviation of the normal current curves;
the voltage testing unit is used for testing the currents of the switching-on and switching-off coils under a plurality of groups of different voltages to obtain a proportionality coefficient between the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset voltage threshold value as a voltage coefficient;
the temperature testing unit is used for testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents at different temperatures to obtain a proportional coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset field temperature threshold value as a temperature coefficient;
the fault testing unit is used for testing or simulating each type of opening and closing coil according to a preset fault type to obtain the current of each type of opening and closing coil, so that various fault current curves of a plurality of opening and closing coils are obtained;
and the coil database construction unit is used for constructing a coil database according to the normal current curves, the fault current curves, the temperature coefficient, the voltage coefficient and the standard deviation of the opening and closing coils of various types.
Preferably, the diagnostic module 220 comprises:
the current collecting unit is used for collecting the current of the opening and closing coil to be tested and obtaining the current curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
the influence rule extraction unit is used for simulating mechanism fault parameters influencing the current curve and extracting influence rules of different faults on the current curve; the mechanism fault parameters comprise coil voltage, coil resistance, coil turns, iron core gaps and iron core resistance;
and the judging unit is used for judging whether the opening and closing coil to be tested breaks down and the fault type of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the preset normal current range envelope curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested and the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters.
Preferably, the diagnostic module 220 further comprises:
the model acquisition unit is used for determining the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
the voltage and field temperature measuring unit is used for measuring the voltage and the field temperature of the opening and closing coil to be measured;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring a temperature coefficient, a voltage coefficient, a normal average current curve and a standard deviation corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database;
a reference average current curve obtaining unit, configured to determine the field temperature and the reference current under the voltage according to the temperature coefficient and the voltage coefficient, and obtain a reference average current curve;
and the envelope calculation unit is used for adding and subtracting the standard deviation of a preset multiple to the reference current curve to obtain the normal current range envelope of the opening and closing coil to be tested.
Preferably, the diagnostic module 220 further comprises:
the characteristic extraction unit is used for extracting a characteristic value of the current curve according to the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters and used as a basis of a diagnosis algorithm;
the first diagnosis result diagnosis unit is used for judging that the circuit breaker mechanism is in a normal state when the characteristic value is detected to be within a preset normal threshold range, and obtaining a first diagnosis result;
and the first updating unit is used for updating the opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be detected in the coil database according to the first diagnosis result and the current curve.
Preferably, the diagnostic module 220 further comprises:
the second diagnosis result diagnosis unit is used for judging that the breaker breaks down when any one of the characteristic values is detected to be within a preset fault threshold range, and obtaining a second diagnosis result;
the fault diagnosis unit is used for diagnosing by adopting a preset support vector machine classification model according to the preset fault type to obtain a fault type corresponding to the second diagnosis result;
and the second updating unit is used for updating the opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested in the coil database according to the current curve, the second diagnosis result and the corresponding fault type.
Preferably, the diagnostic module 220 further comprises:
the change rule obtaining unit is used for changing the mechanism fault parameters and obtaining the change rule of the characteristic value of the current curve;
the normalization processing unit is used for performing normalization processing on the characteristic values according to the change rule to obtain characteristic parameters;
the setting unit is used for presetting a normal threshold and the fault threshold according to the characteristic parameters;
and the training unit is used for training a pre-established support vector machine according to the characteristic parameters and the preset fault type to obtain the support vector machine classification model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for diagnosing an operating state of a circuit breaker mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention. The breaker mechanism operating state diagnostic device of this embodiment includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments of diagnosing the operating condition of each circuit breaker mechanism when executing the computer program. Alternatively, the processor implements the functions of the modules/units in the above device embodiments when executing the computer program.
Illustratively, the computer program may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to implement the invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions for describing the execution process of the computer program in the breaker mechanism operation state diagnosis apparatus.
The breaker mechanism running state diagnosis device can be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a cloud server and other computing equipment. The breaker mechanism operating condition diagnostic device may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the schematic diagram is merely an example of the breaker mechanism operating state diagnosing apparatus, and does not constitute a limitation to the breaker mechanism operating state diagnosing apparatus, and may include more or less components than those shown, or some components in combination, or different components, for example, the breaker mechanism operating state diagnosing apparatus may further include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc., and the processor is a control center of the breaker mechanism operation state diagnosis device, and various interfaces and lines are used to connect various parts of the whole breaker mechanism operation state diagnosis device.
The memory may be used to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor may implement various functions of the circuit breaker mechanism operating state diagnostic apparatus by operating or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory and calling up data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
Wherein, the module/unit integrated with the breaker mechanism operation state diagnosis device can be stored in a computer readable storage medium if it is realized in the form of software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the apparatus provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method of diagnosing an operating condition of a circuit breaker mechanism, comprising:
testing and simulating each type of opening and closing coil according to preset fault type, temperature and voltage to obtain a current sample, and constructing a coil database according to the current sample; the coil database comprises normal current curves, various fault current curves, temperature coefficients and voltage coefficients corresponding to the opening and closing coils of various types; the method specifically comprises the following steps: collecting normal currents of various types of opening and closing coils to obtain normal current curves of a plurality of opening and closing coils, and calculating an average curve and a standard deviation of the normal current curves; testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents under different voltages to obtain a proportionality coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset voltage threshold value as a voltage coefficient; testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents at different temperatures to obtain a proportional coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset field temperature threshold value as a temperature coefficient; testing or simulating the opening and closing coils of various types according to preset fault types to obtain the current of the opening and closing coils of various types, so as to obtain various fault current curves of the opening and closing coils; constructing a coil database according to the normal current curve, the fault current curves, the temperature coefficient, the voltage coefficient and the standard deviation of each type of opening and closing coil;
diagnosing the collected current of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operation state diagnosis result, and updating the coil database by using the operation state diagnosis result; the method specifically comprises the following steps: collecting the current of the opening and closing coil to be tested, and obtaining a current curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested; simulating mechanism fault parameters influencing the current curve, and extracting the influence rule of different faults on the current curve; the mechanism fault parameters comprise coil voltage, coil resistance, coil turns, iron core gaps and iron core resistance; judging whether the opening and closing coil to be tested has a fault and the fault type of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to a preset normal current range envelope curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested and the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters;
the method comprises a method for constructing the envelope curve of the normal current range, and specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested; measuring the voltage and the field temperature of the opening and closing coil to be tested; acquiring a temperature coefficient, a voltage coefficient, a normal average current curve and a standard deviation corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database; determining the reference current under the field temperature and the voltage according to the temperature coefficient and the voltage coefficient, and obtaining a reference average current curve; based on the reference current curve, adding and subtracting the standard deviation of preset times to obtain a normal current range envelope line of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
the method further comprises the following steps:
extracting characteristic values of the current curve according to the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters, and using the characteristic values as the basis of a diagnosis algorithm; when the characteristic value is detected to be within a preset normal threshold range, judging that the circuit breaker mechanism is in a normal state, and obtaining a first diagnosis result; updating opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be detected in the coil database according to the first diagnosis result and the current curve;
the method further comprises the following steps:
when any one characteristic value is detected to be within a preset fault threshold value range, judging that the circuit breaker breaks down, and obtaining a second diagnosis result; diagnosing by adopting a preset support vector machine classification model according to the preset fault type to obtain a fault type corresponding to the second diagnosis result; and updating the opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested in the coil database according to the current curve, the second diagnosis result and the corresponding fault type.
2. The method of diagnosing an operating condition of a circuit breaker mechanism of claim 1 further comprising constructing the support vector machine classification model by:
changing the mechanism fault parameters to obtain the change rule of the characteristic value of the current curve;
normalizing the characteristic value according to the change rule to obtain a characteristic parameter;
presetting a normal threshold and the fault threshold according to the characteristic parameters;
and training a pre-established support vector machine according to the characteristic parameters and the preset fault type to obtain the support vector machine classification model.
3. An operating condition diagnosing apparatus for a circuit breaker mechanism, comprising:
the coil database construction module is used for testing and simulating each type of opening and closing coil according to preset fault types, temperature and voltage to obtain a current sample, and constructing a coil database according to the current sample; the coil database comprises normal current curves, various fault current curves, temperature coefficients and voltage coefficients corresponding to the opening and closing coils of various types; the method specifically comprises the following steps: collecting normal currents of various types of opening and closing coils to obtain normal current curves of a plurality of opening and closing coils, and calculating an average curve and a standard deviation of the normal current curves; testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents under different voltages to obtain a proportionality coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset voltage threshold value as a voltage coefficient; testing a plurality of groups of opening and closing coil currents at different temperatures to obtain a proportional coefficient of the normal current curve and the average curve within a preset field temperature threshold value as a temperature coefficient; testing or simulating the opening and closing coils of various types according to preset fault types to obtain the current of the opening and closing coils of various types, so as to obtain various fault current curves of the opening and closing coils; constructing a coil database according to the normal current curve, the fault current curves, the temperature coefficient, the voltage coefficient and the standard deviation of each type of opening and closing coil;
the diagnostic module is used for diagnosing the collected current of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database to obtain an operation state diagnostic result and updating the coil database by utilizing the operation state diagnostic result; the method specifically comprises the following steps: collecting the current of the opening and closing coil to be tested, and obtaining a current curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested; simulating mechanism fault parameters influencing the current curve, and extracting the influence rule of different faults on the current curve; the mechanism fault parameters comprise coil voltage, coil resistance, coil turns, iron core gaps and iron core resistance; judging whether the opening and closing coil to be tested has a fault and the fault type of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to a preset normal current range envelope curve of the opening and closing coil to be tested and the influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters;
the device further comprises an envelope constructing module, which is used for constructing the envelope of the normal current range, and specifically comprises the following steps: determining the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested; measuring the voltage and the field temperature of the opening and closing coil to be tested; acquiring a temperature coefficient, a voltage coefficient, a normal average current curve and a standard deviation corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested according to the coil database; determining the reference current under the field temperature and the voltage according to the temperature coefficient and the voltage coefficient, and obtaining a reference average current curve; based on the reference current curve, adding and subtracting the standard deviation of preset times to obtain a normal current range envelope line of the opening and closing coil to be tested;
the device also comprises a first fault diagnosis module, a second fault diagnosis module and a control module, wherein the first fault diagnosis module is used for extracting a characteristic value of the current curve according to an influence rule of the mechanism fault parameters and used as a basis of a diagnosis algorithm; when the characteristic value is detected to be within a preset normal threshold range, judging that the circuit breaker mechanism is in a normal state, and obtaining a first diagnosis result; updating opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be detected in the coil database according to the first diagnosis result and the current curve;
the device also comprises a second fault diagnosis module, which is used for judging that the breaker breaks down when any one of the characteristic values is detected to be within a preset fault threshold range, so as to obtain a second diagnosis result; diagnosing by adopting a preset support vector machine classification model according to the preset fault type to obtain a fault type corresponding to the second diagnosis result; and updating the opening and closing coil data corresponding to the model of the opening and closing coil to be tested in the coil database according to the current curve, the second diagnosis result and the corresponding fault type.
4. A breaker mechanism operating state diagnostic apparatus comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the breaker mechanism operating state diagnostic method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 when executing the computer program.
5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium comprises a stored computer program, wherein the computer program, when running, controls an apparatus in which the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the breaker mechanism operating state diagnostic method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
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